Biography of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington 1769-1852

Paternal Family Tree: Colley

Maternal Family Tree: Anne Hill Countess Mornington 1742-1831

1808 Battle of Vimeiro

1809 Battle of Talavera

1812 Battle of Salamanca

1813 Battle of Vitoria

1815 Battle of New Orléans

On 06 Feb 1759 [his father] Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 23) and [his mother] Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 16) were married. She by marriage Baroness Mornington.

On 02 Oct 1760 [his father] Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 25) was created 1st Earl Mornington, 1st Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 22) in reward for his services to music and philanthropy. [his mother] Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 18) by marriage Countess Mornington.

On 31 Jan 1768 [his grandfather] Richard Colley aka Wesley 1st Baron Mornington (age 78) died. His son [his father] Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baron Mornington.

On 01 May 1769 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington was born to Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 33) and Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 26) at Dublin [Map].

On 22 May 1781 [his father] Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 45) died at Kensington. He was buried at Grosvenor Chapel. On 22 May 1781 His son [his brother] Richard Wellesley 1st Marquess Wellesley (age 20) succeeded 2nd Earl Mornington, 2nd Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle.

On 10 Apr 1806 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 36) and Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington (age 33) were married at Dublin [Map]. He the son of Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington and Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 63).

On 03 Feb 1807 [his son] Arthur Wellesley 2nd Duke Wellington was born to Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 37) and [his wife] Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington (age 34) at Harley Street Marylebone.

On 16 Jan 1808 [his son] Charles Wellesley was born to Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 38) and [his wife] Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington (age 35).

Battle of Vimeiro

On 21 Aug 1808 the Battle of Vimeiro was fought at which Earl of Wellington (age 39) defeated the French under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro.

General Thomas Bradford (age 30) fought.

Battle of Talavera

Between 27 Jul 1809 and 28 Jul 1809 the Battle of Talavera, part of the Peninsular War, was fought between an Anglo Spanish army commanded by Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 40) against the French. The French army withdrew at night after several of its attacks had been repulsed. Following the battle Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 40) was created 1st Viscount Wellington of Talavera.

Hugh Gough 1st Viscount Gough (age 29) commanded the 2nd Battalion of the 87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot.

General Henry Fane (age 30) commanded the 3rd Prince of Wales Dragoon Guards, 4th Queen's Own Dragoons.

Battle of Salamanca

On 22 Jul 1812 the Battle of Salamanca was fought at which an Anglo-Portuguese army under the Earl of Wellington (age 43) defeated Marshal Auguste Marmont's French forces at Arapiles.

Brother General Thomas Bradford (age 34) and Lieutentant-Colonel Henry Hollis Bradford (age 31) fought.

Major-General John Le Marchant (age 46) was killed in action. Wellington is reported as saying to Le Marchant that he must take the first favourable opportunity to engage the enemy's infantry, "You must then charge at all hazards" was his final instruction. Following up the attack of the 5th Infantry Division Le Marchant led the 3rd and 4th Dragoons and the 5th Dragoon Guards in what was probably the most destructive charge made by a single brigade of cavalry in the whole Napoleonic period. The left wing of the French army were on the point of being defeated by the 3rd and 5th divisions of Anglo-Portuguese infantry when Le Marchant's dragoons charged in and destroyed battalion after battalion. Many of the French infantrymen sought the protection of the British infantry to escape the sabres of the dragoons. Le Marchant, knowing he had achieved a magnificent success, was leading a squadron against the last of the formed French infantry when he was shot and his spine broken. See Fletcher's "Galloping at Everything: The British Cavalry in the Peninsula and at Waterloo 1808-15". Spellmount, Staplehurst. ISBN 1-86227-016-3. 1999, pp. 185–188.

In 1813 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 43) was appointed 640th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 50) during the Regency.

Battle of Vitoria

On 21 Jun 1813 the Battle of Vitoria was fought between a British, Portuguese and Spanish army under the Marquess of Wellington (age 44) and the French army under King Joseph Bonaparte and Marshal Jean-Baptiste Jourdan.

Brothers General Thomas Bradford (age 35) and Lieutentant-Colonel Henry Hollis Bradford (age 31) fought.

Hugh Gough 1st Viscount Gough (age 33) fought.

General Henry Fane (age 34) commanded.

General Mildmay Fane (age 18) fought.

On 11 May 1814 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 45) was created 1st Duke Wellington. [his wife] Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington (age 41) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

Battle of New Orléans

On 08 Jan 1815 [his brother-in-law] Edward "Ned" Pakenham (age 36) was killed at New Orléans during the Battle of New Orléans.

Around 1816. Thomas Lawrence (age 46). Portrait of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 46).

In On 25 Nov 1817 or 25 Dec 1817 [his brother-in-law] Hercules Robert Pakenham (age 36) and Emily Stapleton (age 13) were married. The difference in their ages was 22 years.

On 29 Jun 1822 Henry Somerset 7th Duke Beaufort (age 30) and Emily Frances Smith Duchess Beaufort (age 22) were married. She being the younger half-sister of his first wife Georgiana Frederica Fitzroy both of whom's mother was [his sister] Anne Wellesley (age 54) sister of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 53). An example of a man marrying two sisters, albeit in this case half-sisters. He the son of Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke Beaufort (age 55) and Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Beaufort (age 51).

On 24 Apr 1831 [his wife] Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington (age 58) died.

On 10 Sep 1831 [his mother] Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 89) died at Henrietta Street Covent Garden. She was buried at Grosvenor Chapel.

1839. John Lindsay Lucas (age 32). Portrait of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 69).

In 1839 [his son] Arthur Wellesley 2nd Duke Wellington (age 31) and [his daughter-in-law] Elizabeth Hay Duchess Wellington (age 18) were married. She the daughter of George Hay 8th Marquess Tweedale (age 51) and Susan Montagu Marchioness Teviotdale (age 38). He the son of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 69) and Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington.

Adeline Horsey Recollections. After mamma's death I kept house for papa at 8 Upper Grosvenor Street. My brothers were rarely at home. William (age 17) was educated at Eton [Map], and when he was sixteen years old the Duke of Wellington (age 73) gave him a commission in the Grenadier Guards. Later he went through the Crimean War, and he retired from the Army in 1883, on account of ill-health, with the rank of Lieutenant-General.

Algernon (age 16) entered the Navy in 1840 as a midshipman, and the same year took part in the operations on the coast of Syria. After the battle of Acre he received the Turkish medal and clasps: his promotion was rapid, and as Admiral, his flagship, the Shah, engaged the Huascar, which he forced to surrender to the Peruvian authorities.

Now that I was so much alone I occasionally found time hang heavy on my hands, and I welcomed any excitement as a break in the monotony, for of course our period of mourning prevented us entertaining or accepting invitations. One day my maid told me about a fortune-teller who had a wonderful gift for predicting the future. I was very much interested, and made up my mind to consult the oracle. My maid attempted to dissuade me, saying that the woman lived in Bridge Street, Westminster, which was not at all a nice neighbourhood. I have always had my own way and, disguised in a borrowed cloak, bonnet and thick veil, and accompanied by my protesting servant, I started off to Bridge Street late one November afternoon.

It was dusk when we reached Westminster and found Bridge Street, badly lighted and evil-smelling. We knocked at the door, stated whom we wished to see, and we were ushered through a dark passage into a dirty room reeking of tobacco.

The fortune-teller was a wrinkled old woman who was smoking a short clay pipe with evident enjoyment. When I told her what I had come for, she produced a greasy pack of cards, and after I had "crossed her pahn" she commenced to tell my future.

"Ah!" said she at last, and she looked curiously, "my pretty young lady, fate holds a great deal in store for you. You will not marry for several years, but when you do it will be to a widower - a man in a high position. You will suffer much unkindness before you experience real happiness, you will obtain much and lose much, you will marry again after your husband's death, and you will live to a great age".

I was quite impressed by my "fortune", but I was a little disappointed, for like most girls I had my day-dreams of a young husband, and the prospect of a widower was thus rather depressing.

Strangely enough, the prediction came true, for Lord Cardigan (age 45) was a widower, and nearly all the men who proposed to me were widowers ! I was asked in marriage by Lord Sherborne (age 38), a widower with ten children; by the Duke of Leeds (age 40), who was a widower with eleven children, and by Christopher Maunsell Talbot (age 39), once Father of the House of Commons, also a widower with four children. Prince Soltykoff, the Duke of St. Albans (age 41), Harry Howard, and Disraeli (age 38) were other widowers who proposed to me, so I suppose I must have had some unaccountable fascination for bereaved husbands.

On 09 Jul 1844 [his son] Charles Wellesley (age 36) and [his daughter-in-law] Augusta Sophia Anne Pierrepoint were married. He the son of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 75) and Catherine "Kitty" Pakenham Duchess Wellington.

In 1850 [his former brother-in-law] Hercules Robert Pakenham (age 69) died.

On 14 Sep 1852 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington (age 83) died at Deal Castle [Map]. His son [his son] Arthur Wellesley 2nd Duke Wellington (age 45) succeeded 2nd Duke Wellington, 2nd Viscount Wellington of Talavera. [his daughter-in-law] Elizabeth Hay Duchess Wellington (age 31) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

On 18 Nov 1852 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington was buried at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].

Ancestors of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington 1769-1852

Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Colley

GrandFather: Richard Colley aka Wesley 1st Baron Mornington

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Ussher of Bridgefoot

Great x 1 Grandmother: Mary Ussher

Father: Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington

GrandMother: Elizabeth Sale

Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington

Great x 4 Grandfather: Moyses Hill Marshall of Ulster

Great x 3 Grandfather: Arthur Hill

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Hill

Great x 1 Grandfather: Michael Hill

GrandFather: Arthur Hill aka Hill-Trevor 1st Viscount Dungannon

Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Trevor

Great x 3 Grandfather: John Trevor

Great x 2 Grandfather: John Trevor

Great x 1 Grandmother: Anne Trevor

Mother: Anne Hill Countess Mornington