Biography of Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey 1374-1400
Paternal Family Tree: Holland
Maternal Family Tree: Aoife NI Diarmait Macmurrough Countess Pembroke and Buckingham 1145-1188
On 26 Dec 1360 [his grandfather] Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent (age 46) died. He was buried at Blackfriars Friary, Stamford [Map]. His son [his father] Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 10) succeeded 2nd Earl Kent.
Before 13 Oct 1370 [his father] Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 20) and [his mother] Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent (age 20) were married. She by marriage Countess Kent. She the daughter of Richard Fitzalan 10th Earl Arundel 8th Earl Surrey (age 64) and Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey (age 52). He the son of Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales (age 42). They were third cousins. He a great grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England. 
In 1374 Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey was born to Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 24) and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent (age 24) at Upholland. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.
In or before 1383 Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland (age 19) and [his future sister-in-law] Margaret Stafford Baroness Neville Raby (age 18) were married. She the daughter of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford (age 46) and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 48). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. 
On 07 Aug 1385 [his grandmother] Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales (age 56) died at Wallingford Castle [Map]. She was buried at Blackfriars Friary, Stamford [Map] beside her first husband [his grandfather] Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent. Her son [his father] Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 35) succeeded 6th Baron Wake of Liddell.
Before 20 Oct 1392 Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 18) and Joan Stafford Countess Kent (age 14) were married. She the daughter of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 58). He the son of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 42) and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent (age 42). They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.
On 09 Jun 1396 [his sister-in-law] Margaret Stafford Baroness Neville Raby (age 32) died. She was buried at St Brandon's Church, Brancepeth.
On 25 Apr 1397 [his father] Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 47) died. He was buried in Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire [Map]. His son Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 23) succeeded 3rd Earl Kent, 2nd Baron Holand, 7th Baron Wake of Liddell. [his wife] Joan Stafford Countess Kent (age 19) by marriage Countess Kent.
On 29 Sep 1397 [his uncle] King Richard II (age 30) rewarded his relations with Dukedoms, possibly for their part in downfall of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester (deceased), Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick (age 59) and [his uncle] Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl Surrey 11th Earl Arundel (deceased) ...
His older half-brother [his uncle] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter (age 45) was created 1st Duke Exeter. Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter (age 34) by marriage Duchess Exeter.
His nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 23) was created 1st Duke Surrey.
His second cousin once removed Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 29) was created 1st Duke Norfolk. Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk (age 31) by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
His first cousin Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 24) was created 1st Duke Albemarle aka Aumale. Beatrice Burgundy Countess Rutland and Cork (age 24) by marriage Duchess Albemarle aka Aumale.
His illegitimate first cousin John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset (age 24) was created 1st Marquess Somerset, 1st Marquess Dorset. [his sister] Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence (age 12) by marriage Marchioness Somerset, Marchioness Dorset.
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland (age 33) was created 1st Earl of Westmoreland. Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland (age 18) by marriage Countess of Westmoreland.
In 1398 Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 24) was appointed 88th Knight of the Garter by [his uncle] King Richard II of England (age 30).
On 17 Sep 1398 [his uncle] King Richard II (age 31), the nobility and thousands of spectators assembled at Gosford Green to witness the duel between the future Henry IV (age 31) and Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30). the future Henry IV (age 31) had had new armour constructed. Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 25) and Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 24) managed the proceedings. Just as the duel was to commence King Richard II (age 31) stopped it. After two hours of deliberation King Richard II (age 31) had his decision announced; both men were to be exiled. The future Henry IV (age 31) for ten years,Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30) forever.
On 19 Oct 1398 Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30) left England never to return.
On 16 Apr 1399 [his uncle] King Richard II of England (age 32) wrote his Last Will from which the following extracts are taken … Also we bequeath to our beloved nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 25) ten thousand marks and to our beloved brother Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 26) two thousand marks and to our beloved brother [his uncle] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter (age 47) three thousand marks and to our faithful and beloved William Scrope 1st Earl Wiltshire (age 49) two thousand marks ... we ordain and set aside for the fulfilment of all and singular the premises the sum of ninety-one thousand marks, of which sixty-five thousand marks are in the keeping of Sir John Ikelyngton and twenty-four thousand marks in the hands and keeping of our dear nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 25).
Of this our royal testament we nominate make and depute executors the venerable fathers in Christ Bishop Richard Mitford, Bishop Edmund Stafford (age 55), Bishop Robert Tideman of Winchcombe, Bishop Thomas Merke and Bishop Guy Mone Aka Mohun; our beloved brother Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 26), our nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 25), our brother John Holland 1st Duke Exeter (age 47) and William Scrope 1st Earl Wiltshire (age 49) to each of whom we bequeath a gold cup of the value of twenty pounds and our beloved and faithful clerks Master Bishop Richard Boteville Keeper of our Privy Seal, Master Richard Maudeleyn, Master William Fereby and Master John Painter Ikelyngton clerks and John Lufwyk and William Serle laymen, to each of whom we will shall be paid their expenses and necessary costs while it shall happen that they or any of them are employed about the execution of our present last will, but according to the discretion of their said co-executors ...
Whom all and singular we have charged and charge that they shall do as much as in them is for the due execution and fulfilment of this our last will as they shall wish to answer before God. We create ordain depute and make overseers of this our will the reverend fathers in Christ Archbishop Roger Walden and Archbishop Richard Scrope (age 49), William bishop of Winchester and William abbot of the monastery of Westminster Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 26) our uncle and Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) our cousin.
On 17 Dec 1399 the conspirators met at Abbey House Westminster Abbey [Map] including Thomas Blount (age 47), Thomas Despencer 1st Earl Gloucester (age 26), Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 25), [his uncle] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter (age 47), Ralph Lumley 1st Baron Lumley (age 39), John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury (age 49), Edward York 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 26), Bernard Brocas (age 45). They plotted to capture Henry IV King England (age 32) at a Tournament in Windsor [Map] on the Feast of Epiphany hence the Epiphany Rising.
On 07 Jan 1400 at Cirencester, Gloucestershire [Map] Ralph Lumley 1st Baron Lumley (age 40) was beheaded by the townspeople following an unsuccessful attempt to seize the town. Baron Lumley forfeit.
Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 26) was beheaded. He had to forfeit the honours and estates he had gained after the arrests of Gloucester and Arundel: Duke Surrey extinct. He retained those he had received before: His brother [his brother] Edmund Holland 4th Earl Kent (age 16) succeeded 4th Earl Kent, 3rd Baron Holand, 8th Baron Wake of Liddell.
John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury (age 50) was captured, tried and beheaded. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit.
Bernard Brocas (age 46) was captured.
After 07 Jan 1400. Henry IV's (age 32) Parliament. Also, be it remembered that whereas Thomas Holland, formerly earl of Kent (deceased), [his uncle] John Holland, formerly earl of Huntingdon (age 48), John Montague, formerly earl of Salisbury (deceased), Thomas, formerly Lord Despenser (age 26), and Ralph Lumley (deceased), knight, recently rose up in various parts of England and rode in warlike manner, treacherously, against our lord the king (age 32), contrary to their allegiance, to destroy our said lord the king and other great men of the realm, and to populate the said realm with people of another tongue, they were seized and beheaded in their armed uprising by the loyal lieges of oursaid lord the king; and for that reason all the lords temporal present in parliament, by the assent of the king, declared and adjudged the said Thomas, John, John, Thomas, and Ralph to be traitors for their armed uprising against their aforesaid liege lord, and that they should forfeit as traitors all the lands and tenements that they held in fee simple on 5 January, the eve of the feast of the Epiphany of our lord Jesus Christ, in the first year of the reign of our aforesaid lord [1400], or after, as the law of the land requires, together with all their goods and chattels, notwithstanding the fact that they were killed during the said armed uprising without due process of law.
On 01 Oct 1442 [his former wife] Joan Stafford Countess Kent (age 64) died.
Kings Wessex: Great x 10 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 7 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 13 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 8 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 8 Grand Son of Malcolm III King Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 6 Grand Son of Louis VII King Franks
Kings France: Great x 3 Grand Son of Philip "Bold" III King France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thurstan de Holland
Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert de Holand of Upholland
Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Holland 1st Baron Holand
GrandFather: Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alan Zouche
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Zouche 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Helen or Ela Quincy 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alan Zouche 1st Baron Zouche Ashby 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Stephen Longespée Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ela Longespée Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Emmeline Riddlesford
Great x 1 Grandmother: Maud Zouche Baroness Holand 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Gilbert Segrave
Great x 3 Grandfather: Nicholas Segrave 1st Baron Segrave
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor Segrave
Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey de Lucy of Newington in Kent
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud de Lucy
Great x 4 Grandmother: Nichole Cantilupe
Father: Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent Great Grand Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John "Lackland" of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry III of England Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Edward "Longshanks" I of England Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence
Great x 1 Grandfather: Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France
Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Philip "Bold" III King France 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret of France Queen Consort England 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Reginar III Duke Brabant 4 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Reginar Queen Consort France 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Burgundy Duchess Brabant 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
GrandMother: Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales Grand Daughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Wake
Great x 3 Grandfather: Baldwin Wake
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Stuteville
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Wake 1st Baron Wake of Liddell 2 x Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Quincy
Great x 3 Grandmother: Hawise Quincy Great Grand Daughter of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elen ferch Llewellyn Aberffraw Countess Huntingdon and Mar Grand Daughter of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Wake Countess Kent 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Enguerrand Ingleram Fiennes
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Fiennes
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Provence
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Fiennes Baroness Wake Liddell 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Beaumont
2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Blanche Beaumont 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jeanne Chateaudun
Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzalan 6th Earl Arundel 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Fitzalan 7th Earl Arundel 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Verdun Countess Arundel
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Fitzalan 8th Earl Arundel 3 x Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Mortimer 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore
Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Mortimer Countess Arundel 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud de Braose
Great x 1 Grandfather: Edmund Fitzalan 9th Earl Arundel 4 x Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Manfred III Marquess Saluzzo
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas I Marquess Saluzzo 5 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Marchioness of Saluzzo 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Alice Saluzzo Countess Arundel 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
GrandFather: Richard Fitzalan 10th Earl Arundel 8th Earl Surrey 5 x Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Warenne 5th Earl Surrey
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Warenne 6th Earl Surrey
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Warenne
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Lusignan X Count Lusignan V Count La Marche
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Lusignan Countess of Surrey
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Alice Warenne Countess Arundel
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh de Vere 4th Earl of Oxford
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert de Vere 5th Earl of Oxford
Great x 4 Grandmother: Hawise Quincy Countess Oxford
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Vere
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Sanford Countess of Oxford
Mother: Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John "Lackland" of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry III of England Son of King John "Lackland" of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence
Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis "Lion" VIII King France 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Capet Count of Artois Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France
Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Blanche Capet Queen Navarre 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Reginar II Duke Brabant 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Swabia Duchess Brabant
GrandMother: Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth
Great x 2 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth
Great x 1 Grandmother: Maud Chaworth
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Beauchamp
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Maudit
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabella Beauchamp Baroness Monthermer
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzgeoffrey
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Fitzjohn Countess Warwick
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Bigod
