Lord Keeper of the Great Seal

Lord Keeper of the Great Seal is in Miscellaneous.

1641 Trial and Execution of the Earl of Strafford

1672 Declaration of Indulgence

On 06 Jul 1310 Archbishop Walter Reynolds was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal and Lord Chancellor.

In 1344 Bishop Thomas of Hatfield (age 34) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal which office he held until July 1345.

In 1381 Hugh Segrave Lord Treasurer (age 85) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

In 1443 Bishop Thomas Beckington (age 53) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

Around 1456 Archbishop Lawrence Booth (age 36) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal which position he held until 1460.

In 1470 Bishop John Hales (age 70) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal by King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 48) during his re-adeption but lost it again when King Edward IV of England (age 27) was restored in 1471.

On 26 Jan 1533 Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden (age 45) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. and Lord Chancellor as well.

In 1558 Nicholas Bacon Lord Keeper (age 47) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal following Elizabeth I's accession. He was supported in the appointment by his brother-in-law William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 37).

Around 1590 Unknown Painter. Portrait of Mary Egerton Baroness Leigh as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

Mary Egerton Baroness Leigh: Around 1595 she was born to Thomas Egerton and Isabella Venables. On 11 Nov 1610 Thomas Leigh 1st Baron Leigh and she were married. On 01 Jul 1643 Thomas Leigh 1st Baron Leigh was created 1st Baron Leigh of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire. She by marriage Baroness Leigh of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire. In 1669 Mary Egerton Baroness Leigh died.

In 1592 John Puckering (age 48) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

In 1621 John Williams Archbishop of York (age 38) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal by King James I (age 54).

Around 1626 Cornelius Johnson (age 32). Portrait of Thomas Coventry 1st Baron Coventry (age 48) as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. Charlecote Park.

In 1641 Edward Littleton 1st Baron Lyttelton (age 52) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

Trial and Execution of the Earl of Strafford

On 13 Apr 1641 Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Strafford (age 48) was attainted by 204 votes to 59 ostensibly for his authoritarian rule as Lord Deputy of Ireland. Despite his promise not to King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 40) signed the death warrant on the 10 May 1641 in the light of increasing pressure from Parliament and the commons.

Wenceslaus Hollar (age 33). Engraving of the Trial of Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Strafford (age 48) with the following marked:

A. King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 40).

C. Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England (age 31).

D. King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 10).

E. Thomas Howard 21st Earl Arundel 4th Earl Surrey 1st Earl Norfolk (age 55), Lord High Steward.

F. Henry Montagu 1st Earl Manchester (age 78), Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

G. John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester (age 43).

H. Robert Bertie 1st Earl Lindsey (age 58), Lord Chamberlain.

I. Philip Herbert 4th Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Montgomery (age 56), Lord Chamberlain of the Household.

V. Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Strafford (age 48).

Z. Alethea Talbot Countess Arundel, Surrey and Norfolk (age 56).

Wenceslaus Hollar: On 23 Jul 1607 he was born. Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1666. Up, and to the office, where we sat all the morning, and my Lord Bruncker did show me Hollar's new print of the City, with a pretty representation of that part which is burnt, very fine indeed; and tells me that he was yesterday sworn the King's servant, and that the King hath commanded him to go on with his great map of the City, which he was upon before the City was burned, like Gombout of Paris, which I am glad of. On 25 Mar 1677 he died.

Evelyn's Diary. 26 May 1671. The Earl of Bristol's (age 58) house in Queen's Street was taken for the Commissioners of Trade and Plantations, and furnished with rich hangings of the King's (age 40). It consisted of seven rooms on a floor, with a long gallery, gardens, etc. This day we met the Duke of Buckingham (age 43), Earl of Lauderdale (age 55), Lord Culpeper, Sir George Carteret (age 61), Vice-Chamberlain, and myself, had the oaths given us by the Earl of Sandwich (age 45), our President. It was to advise and counsel his Majesty (age 40), to the best of our abilities, for the well-governing of his Foreign Plantations, etc., the form very little differing from that given to the Privy Council. We then took our places at the Board in the Council-Chamber, a very large room furnished with atlases, maps, charts, globes, etc. Then came the Lord Keeper, Sir Orlando Bridgeman (age 65), Earl of Arlington (age 53), Secretary of State, Lord Ashley, Mr. Treasurer (age 40), Sir John Trevor (age 34), the other Secretary, Sir John Duncomb (age 49), Lord Allington (age 31), Mr. Grey, son to the Lord Grey, Mr. Henry Broncher, Sir Humphrey Winch (age 49), Sir John Finch, Mr. Waller (age 65), and Colonel Titus (age 48), of the bedchamber, with Mr. Slingsby, Secretary to the Council, and two Clerks of the Council, who had all been sworn some days before. Being all set, our Patent was read, and then the additional Patent, in which was recited this new establishment; then, was delivered to each a copy of the Patent, and of instructions: after which, we proceeded to business.

1672 Declaration of Indulgence

On 15 Mar 1672. The Royal Declaration of Indulgence was Charles II's (age 41) attempt to extend religious liberty to Protestant nonconformists and Roman Catholics. It was highly controversial. Sir Orlando Bridgeman (age 66) resigned as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal because he refused to apply the Great Seal to it.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 May 1700. The great trial between Sir Walter Clarges (age 46) and Mr. Sherwin concerning the legitimacy of the late Duke of Albemarle, on which depended an estate of £1,500 a year; the verdict was given for Sir Walter (age 46), 19th. Serjeant Wright (age 46) at last accepted the Great Seal.

Evelyn's Diary. 01 Oct 1705. Mr. Cowper (age 40) made Lord Keeper. Observing how uncertain great officers are of continuing long in their places, he would not accept it, unless £2,000 a year were given him in reversion when he was put out, in consideration of his loss of practice. His predecessors, how little time soever they had the Seal, usually got £100,000 and made themselves Barons. A new Secretary of State. Lord Abington (age 32), Lieutenant of the Tower, displaced, and General Churchill (age 49), brother to the Duke of Marlborough (age 55), put in. An indication of great unsteadiness somewhere, but thus the crafty Whig party (as called) begin to change the face of the Court, in opposition to the High Churchmen, which was another distinction of a party from the Low Churchmen. The Parliament chose one Mr. Smith, Speaker. There had never been so great an assembly of members on the first day of sitting, being more than 450. The votes both of the old, as well as the new, fell to those called Low Churchmen, contrary to all expectation.

1763. William Hoare (age 56). Portrait of Philip Yorke 1st Earl of Hardwicke (age 72) wearing the Robes of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal and holding the Great Seal.

On 17 Jan 1770 Charles Yorke (age 47) was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

Bulstrode Whitelocke was appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.