On this Day in History ... 8th December

08 Dec is in December.

1154 Henry II Leaves Barfleur

1290 Eleanor Crosses

1529 Henry VIII Creates New Peerages

1538 Exeter Conspiracy

1551 Trial and Execution of Edward Seymour Duke of Somerset and his Supporters

1666 Poll Bill

1980 Death of John Lennon

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 8th December

On 07 Dec 1154 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 21), the seven months pregnant Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 32) and their son William Plantagenet IX Count Poitiers (age 1) left Barfleur, Basse Normandie for England. On 08 Dec 1154 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 21) and his party landed near Southampton, Hampshire [Map].

On 08 Dec 1290 or 07 Dec 1290 Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (deceased) body rested at Hardingstone, Northamptonshire.

On 08 Dec 1521 Christina Queen Consort Denmark Norway and Sweden (age 59) died.

On 08 Dec 1538 Edward Neville (age 67) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].

On 08 Dec 1542 Mary Queen of Scots was born to King James V of Scotland (age 30) and Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland (age 27) at Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow. She a great granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

Chronicle of Greyfriars. 08 Dec 1551. Item the viij. day of that monyth was a gret muster at Totehylle [Map] of men of armes befor the kynge (age 14), of dyvers lordes.

Pepy's Diary. 08 Dec 1666. Mr. Pierce did also tell me as a great truth, as being told it by Mr. Cowly (age 48), who was by, and heard it, that Tom Killigrew (age 54) should publiquely tell the King (age 36) that his matters were coming into a very ill state; but that yet there was a way to help all, which is, says he, "There is a good, honest, able man, that I could name, that if your Majesty would employ, and command to see all things well executed, all things would soon be mended; and this is one Charles Stuart (age 36), who now spends his time in employing his lips [Note. Another version includes 'and his prick'] .... about the Court, and hath no other employment; but if you would give him this employment, he were the fittest man in the world to perform it". This, he says, is most true; but the King (age 36) do not profit by any of this, but lays all aside, and remembers nothing, but to his pleasures again; which is a sorrowful consideration.

Pepy's Diary. 08 Dec 1666. Up, and to the office, where we sat all the morning, and at noon home to dinner, and there find Mr. Pierce and his wife and Betty, a pretty girle, who in discourse at table told me the great Proviso passed the House of Parliament yesterday; which makes the King (age 36) and Court mad, the King (age 36) having given order to my Lord Chamberlain (age 64) to send to the playhouses and bawdy houses, to bid all the Parliament-men that were there to go to the Parliament presently. This is true, it seems; but it was carried against the Court by thirty or forty voices. It is a Proviso to the Poll Bill, that there shall be a Committee of nine persons that shall have the inspection upon oath, and power of giving others, of all the accounts of the money given and spent for this warr. This hath a most sad face, and will breed very ill blood. He tells me, brought in by Sir Robert Howard (age 40), who is one of the King's servants, at least hath a great office, and hath got, they say, £20,000 since the King (age 36) come in.

Pepy's Diary. 08 Dec 1667. At noon to dinner, where W. How with us, and after dinner, he being gone, I to my chamber again till almost night, and then took boat, the tide serving, and so to White Hall, where I saw the Duchesse of York (age 30), in a fine dress of second mourning for her mother, being black, edged with ermine, go to make her first visit to the Queene (age 58) since the Duke of York (age 34) was sick; and by and by, she being returned, the Queene (age 58) come and visited her. But it was pretty to observe that Sir W. Coventry (age 39) and I, walking an hour and more together in the Matted Gallery, he observed, and so did I, how the Duchesse, as soon as she spied him, turned her head a one side. Here he and I walked thus long, which we have not done a great while before. Our discourse was upon everything: the unhappiness of having our matters examined by people that understand them not; that it was better for us in the Navy to have men that do understand the whole, and that are not passionate; that we that have taken the most pains are called upon to answer for all crimes, while those that, like Sir W. Batten and Sir J. Minnes (age 68), did sit and do nothing, do lie still without any trouble; that, if it were to serve the King (age 37) and kingdom again in a war, neither of us could do more, though upon this experience we might do better than we did; that the commanders, the gentlemen that could never be brought to order, but undid all, are now the men that find fault and abuse others; that it had been much better for the King (age 37) to have given Sir J. Minnes (age 68) and Sir W. Batten £1000 a-year to have sat still, than to have had them in his business this war: that the serving a Prince that minds not his business is most unhappy for them that serve him well, and an unhappiness so great that he declares he will never have more to do with a war, under him. That he hath papers which do flatly contradict the Duke of Albemarle's (age 59) Narrative; and that he hath been with the Duke of Albemarle (age 59) and shewed him them, to prevent his falling into another like fault: that the Duke of Albemarle (age 59) seems to be able to answer them; but he thinks that the Duke of Albemarle (age 59) and the Prince are contented to let their Narratives sleep, they being not only contradictory in some things (as he observed about the business of the Duke of Albemarle's (age 59) being to follow the Prince upon dividing the fleete, in case the enemy come out), but neither of them to be maintained in others. That the business the other night of my Lord Anglesey (age 53) at the Council was happily got over for my Lord, by his dexterous silencing it, and the rest, not urging it further; forasmuch as, had the Duke of Buckingham (age 39) come in time enough, and had got it by the end, he, would have toused him in it; Sir W. Coventry (age 39) telling me that my Lord Anglesey (age 53) did, with such impudence, maintain the quarrel against the Commons and some of the Lords, in the business of my Lord Clarendon (age 58), that he believes there are enough would be glad but of this occasion to be revenged of him. He tells me that he hears some of the Thomsons (age 60) are like to be of the Commission for the Accounts, and Wildman (age 46), which he much wonders at, as having been a false fellow to every body, and in prison most of the time since the King's coming in. But he do tell me that the House is in such a condition that nobody can tell what to make of them, and, he thinks, they were never in before; that every body leads, and nobody follows; and that he do now think that, since a great many are defeated in their expectation of being of the Commission, now they would put it into such hands as it shall get no credit from: for, if they do look to the bottom and see the King's case, they think they are then bound to give the King (age 37) money; whereas, they would be excused from that, and therefore endeavour to make this business of the Accounts to signify little. I spoke with him about my Lord Sandwich's (age 42) business, in which he is very friendly, and do say that the unhappy business of the prizes is it that hath brought all this trouble upon him, and the only thing that made any thing else mentioned, and it is true. So having discoursed with him, I spent some time with Sir Stephen Fox (age 40) about the business of our adjusting the new method of the Excise between the Guards household and Tangier, the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury being now resolved to bring all their management into a course of payment by orders, and not by tallies, and I am glad of it, and so by water home late, and very dark, and when come home there I got my wife to read, and then come Captain Cocke (age 50) to me; and there he tells me, to my great satisfaction, that Sir Robert Brookes (age 30) did dine with him today; and that he told him, speaking of me, that he would make me the darling of the House of Commons, so much he is satisfied concerning me. And this Cocke (age 50) did tell me that I might give him thanks for it; and I do think it may do me good, for he do happen to be held a considerable person, of a young man, both for sobriety and ability. Then to discourse of business of his own about some hemp of his that is come home to receive it into the King's stores, and then parted, and by and by my wife and I to supper, she not being well, her flux being great upon her, and so to bed.

On 08 Dec 1678 Horatio Walpole 1st Baron Walpole was born to Colonel Robert Walpole (age 28).

On 08 Dec 1708 Francis I Holy Roman Emperor was born to Leopold Duke of Lorraine (age 29).

On 08 Dec 1754 Thomas Middleton (age 63) died. Monument in St Giles' Church, Wrexham [Map] sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 52).

Thomas Middleton: he and Arabella Hacker were married. Around 1691 he was born to John Middleton.

On 08 Dec 1907 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 78) died. His son Gustav V King Sweden (age 49) succeeded V King Sweden.

On 08 Dec 1922 Lucian Freud was born to Ernest Freud (age 30) at Berlin.

On 08 Dec 1931 Eleanor "Nellie" Souray Viscountess Torrington (age 51) died.

After 08 Dec 1975. Church of the Holy Trinity Embleton [Map]. Memorial to John Montagu Craster (deceased).

John Montagu Craster: On 05 Jun 1901 he was born to Thomas William Craster of Craster Tower and Hilda Osborn. Before 08 Dec 1975 John Montagu Craster and Vera Gwendoline Durward were married. On 08 Dec 1975 John Montagu Craster died.

On 08 Dec 1980 at around ten to eleven in the evening John Lennon Musician (age 40) was shot and killed by Mark David Chapman outside of The Dakota Upper West Side Manhattan where he lived. Lennon was rushed to Roosevelt Hospital Midtown West Manhattan where he was pronounced dead on arrival.

Births on the 8th December

On 08 Dec 1207 William Longespée was born to William "Longsword" Longespee Earl Salisbury (age 31) and Ela of Salisbury 3rd Countess of Salisbury (age 20). He a grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 08 Dec 1241 Robert de Holand of Upholland was born to Thurstan de Holland (age 21).

Around 08 Dec 1276 Hugh de Dutton 9th Lord Dutton was born to Hugh de Dutton 8th Lord Dutton (age 25).

On 08 Dec 1383 Robert Corbet Lord of Moreton was born to Roger Corbet (age 43) and Margaret Erdington (age 30).

Before 08 Dec 1405 William Moleyns was born to William Moleyns (age 27).

On 08 Dec 1542 Mary Queen of Scots was born to King James V of Scotland (age 30) and Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland (age 27) at Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow. She a great granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

Around 08 Dec 1577 John Poyntz was born to William Poyntz (age 35) at Reigate, Surrey [Map].

On or before 08 Dec 1675 John Thorold 7th Baronet was born to John Thorold. He was baptised 08 Dec 1675.

On 08 Dec 1678 Horatio Walpole 1st Baron Walpole was born to Colonel Robert Walpole (age 28).

On 08 Dec 1699 Maria Josepha of Austria was born to Joseph I Holy Roman Emperor (age 21) and Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick (age 26). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 08 Dec 1708 Francis I Holy Roman Emperor was born to Leopold Duke of Lorraine (age 29).

On 08 Dec 1709 Charles Hanbury Williams was born.

On 08 Dec 1711 Maria Henrietta Stafford-Howard was born to John Stafford-Howard (age 51) and Theresa Strickland.

On 08 Dec 1719 Thomas Philip Vernon was born to Henry Vernon (age 56).

On 08 Dec 1795 Captain John France St John-Mildmay was born to Henry Paulet St John-Mildmay 3rd Baronet (age 31) and Jane Mildmay.

On 08 Dec 1797 Elizabeth Tollemache Countess Cardigan was born to Admiral John Richard Delap-Halliday aka Delap-Tollemache (age 25) and Elizabeth Stratford.

On 08 Dec 1804 John Gerard 12th Baronet was born to John Gerard of Windle Hall, Lancashire and Elizabeth Ferrers (age 25).

On 08 Dec 1810 Reverend Adrian Scrope Fane was born to John Fane (age 35).

On 08 Dec 1824 Robert Sheffield 5th Baronet was born to Robert Sheffield 4th Baronet (age 38) and Julia Brigidia Newbolt (age 24).

On 08 Dec 1837 Robert Anderson 1st Baronet was born.

On 08 Dec 1843 Christian Hubert von Pfeffel was born to Karl von Pfeffel (age 32) and Karoline Adelheid Pauline Rottenburg (age 38) at Munich.

On 08 Dec 1863 Herbert Cecil Boothby 12th Baronet was born to Reverend Brooke William Boothby 9th Baronet (age 54) and Martha Serena Boothby. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 08 Dec 1864 Henry Walter Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis was born to Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis 20th Baron Clinton (age 30) and Harriet Williamina Hepburn-Forbes Baroness Clinton (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.28%.

On 08 Dec 1881 Lilian Lambton Countess of Home was born to Frederick Lambton 4th Earl Durham (age 26) and Beatrix Bulteel Countess Durham (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 1.57%.

On 08 Dec 1895 Margery Mitford was born.

On 08 Dec 1917 Thomas Cospatric Hamilton-Spencer-Smith 6th Baronet was born to Drummond Cospatric Hamilton-Spencer-Smith 5th Baronet (age 41).

On 08 Dec 1922 Lucian Freud was born to Ernest Freud (age 30) at Berlin.

On 08 Dec 1930 William Robertson 2nd Baron Robertson was born to Brian Robertson 1st Baron Robertson of Oakridge (age 34).

On 08 Dec 1948 Anthony Robert Milnes-Coates 4th Baronet was born to Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Edward James Clive Milnes-Coates 3rd Baronet (age 41) and Ethel Patricia Hare Lady Milnes-Coates (age 36).

Marriages on the 8th December

Before 08 Dec 1383 Roger Corbet (age 43) and Margaret Erdington (age 30) were married. He a great x 4 grandson of King John "Lackland" of England.

On 08 Dec 1651 Stephen Fox (age 24) and Elizabeth Whittle were married.

On 08 Dec 1662 Cecil Wray of Caistor (age 19) and Susan Cressy were married.

On 08 Dec 1743 John Cust 3rd Baronet (age 25) and Etheldreda Payne Lady Cust (age 23) were married. She by marriage Lady Cust of Stamford in Lincolnshire.

Before 08 Dec 1749 Arthur Pomeroy 1st Viscount Hamberton (age 26) and Mary Colley Viscountess Hamberton were married.

On 08 Dec 1758 General Thomas Gage (age 39) and Margaret Kemble (age 24) were married at her father's plantation Mount Kemble Plantation, New Jersey. They had eleven children.

On 08 Dec 1788 Frederick St John (age 22) and Mary Kerr (age 21) were married. She the daughter of William John Kerr 5th Marquess Lothian (age 51) and Elizabeth Fortescue 5th Marchioness Lothian. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 08 Dec 1818 Robert Sheffield 4th Baronet (age 32) and Julia Brigidia Newbolt (age 18) were married.

On 08 Dec 1859 Egerton Vernon-Harcourt (age 56) and Laura Emma Milner were married. He the son of Archbishop Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt and Anne Leveson-Gower.

On 08 Dec 1876 Robert Curzon 15th Baron Zouche (age 25) and Annie Mary Eleanor Fraser (age 19) were divorced.

On 08 Dec 1891 George Colborne Nugent (age 27) and Isabel Mary Bulwer (age 22) were married. They were half second cousins.

Before 08 Dec 1975 John Montagu Craster (age 74) and Vera Gwendoline Durward (age 69) were married.

Deaths on the 8th December

On 08 Dec 1034 Bishop Æthelric died.

Florence of Worcester Continuation. 20 Oct 1123. Theowulf, the twenty-sixth bishop of Worcester, died on Saturday the thirteenth of the calends of November (20th October) at his vill of Hampton.3

08 Dec 1123. Robert, abbot of Tewkesbury, departed this life on the sixth of the ides [the 8th] of December. Alexander (age 45), king of Scots, was succeeded by David (age 39) his brother.

Note 3. Hampton-upon-Avon, or Bishop's Hampton, now called Hampton Lucy, near Stratford; an ancient possession of the bishops of Worcester.

On 08 Dec 1228 Bishop Geoffrey Burgh (age 48) died.

On 08 Dec 1292 Archbishop John Peckham (age 62) died.

On 08 Dec 1365 Nicholas II Duke of Opava (age 77) died.

On 08 Dec 1432 Maria Aviz died.

On 08 Dec 1485 Malise Graham 3rd Earl Strathearn 1st Earl Menteith (age 78) died. His son Alexander Graham 2nd Earl Menteith (age 13) succeeded 2nd Earl Menteith.

On 08 Dec 1498 Edmund Cornwall 7th Baron Burford (age 50) died at Bridgnorth, Shropshire [Map]. His son Thomas Cornwall 8th Baron Burford (age 31) succeeded 8th Baron Burford.

On 08 Dec 1519 Margaret Arundell (age 63) died.

On 08 Dec 1521 Christina Queen Consort Denmark Norway and Sweden (age 59) died.

On 08 Dec 1534 Thomas Knightley (age 79) died.

On 08 Dec 1534 Richard Knightley (age 79) died in Fawsley, Northamptonshire. He was buried in St Mary's Church, Fawsley [Map].

On 08 Dec 1538 William Coffin (age 43) died at Ware, Hertfordshire [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Mary the Virgin, Standon.

On 08 Dec 1538 Edward Neville (age 67) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].

Before 08 Dec 1553 Henry Parker (age 40) died.

Before 08 Dec 1557 Dorothy Bowles died.

On 08 Dec 1557 William West (age 49) died.

On 08 Dec 1589 Francis Clifford (age 5) died.

Before 08 Dec 1597 Katharine Brydges (age 42) died.

On 08 Dec 1598 William Strickland "The Navigator" (age 68) died.

On 08 Dec 1606 Thomas Venables (age 62) died.

On 08 Dec 1623 Henry Shelley (age 83) died.

On 08 Dec 1625 Christina Oldenburg (age 52) died.

On 08 Dec 1626 John Davies (age 57) died of apoplexy.

On 08 Dec 1654 John Walpole of Southcreeke died.

On 08 Dec 1657 Edward Bayntun (age 64) died.

On 08 Dec 1666 Philippe Charles Bourbon (age 2) died.

On 08 Dec 1678 Jean Elphinstone died.

On 08 Dec 1696 Charles Porter (age 65) died.

On 08 Dec 1725 John Thornycroft 1st Baronet (age 66) died. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Bloxham. His son John Thornycroft 2nd Baronet (age 34) succeeded 2nd Baronet Thornycroft of Milcombe in Oxfordshire.

On 08 Dec 1734 Humphrey Briggs 4th Baronet (age 64) died unmarried. His brother Hugh Briggs 5th Baronet (age 50) succeeded 5th Baronet Briggs of Haughton in Shropshire.

On 08 Dec 1746 Charles Radclyffe Earl Newburgh (age 53) was executed at Tower Hill [Map] for his having joined the 1715 insurrection.

On 08 Dec 1746 Sophia Osborne Baroness Leominster (age 85) died.

On 08 Dec 1749 John Cope 6th Baronet (age 76) died. His son Monoux Cope 7th Baronet (age 53) succeeded 7th Baronet Cope of Hanwell in Oxfordshire.

On 08 Dec 1754 Charlotte Elizabeth Boyle Marchioness Hartington (age 23) died. Her son William Cavendish 5th Duke Devonshire (age 6) succeeded 7th Baron Clifford.

On 08 Dec 1754 Thomas Middleton (age 63) died. Monument in St Giles' Church, Wrexham [Map] sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 52).

Thomas Middleton: he and Arabella Hacker were married. Around 1691 he was born to John Middleton.

On 08 Dec 1797 Henry Burgh 1st Marquess Clarincade (age 55) died without issue. Marquess Clarincade extinct. His brother John Thomas Burgh 13th Earl Clanricarde (age 53) succeeded 13th Earl Clanricarde.

On 08 Dec 1798 Edward Dering 6th Baronet (age 66) died. His son Edward Dering 7th Baronet (age 41) succeeded 7th Baronet Dering of Surrenden Dering in Kent.

On 08 Dec 1801 Infanta Maria Josefa of Spain (age 57) died unmarried.

On 08 Dec 1819 Anne Fitzwilliam (age 74) died.

On 08 Dec 1821 John Sparrow of Bishton Hall in Staffordshire (age 84) died.

On 08 Dec 1823 Robert Vyner (age 58) died.

On 08 Dec 1831 Augustus Henry Edward Stanhope died.

On 08 Dec 1834 Henry Harford (age 76) died.

On 08 Dec 1843 Henry Windsor 8th Earl Plymouth (age 75) died without issue. Earl Plymouth extinct.

On 08 Dec 1847 Maria Dickonson Lady Nightingale (age 58) died.

On 08 Dec 1855 Alicia Newenham (age 81) died.

On 04 Dec 1859 Mary Molyneux (age 66) died at Elkington Rectory. She was buried in the Chancel of St Oswald's Church, Brereton [Map] on 08 Dec 1859 where she has a memorial window in the south transept.

On 08 Dec 1864 William Charles Fitzgerald (age 71) died.

On 08 Dec 1865 Augusta Fitzclarence (age 62) died.

On 08 Dec 1866 Georgina Augusta Dawson-Damer Countess Fortescue (age 40) died.

On 08 Dec 1870 Thomas Brassey (age 64) died.

On 08 Dec 1880 Diana Bosville Macdonald (age 68) died.

On 08 Dec 1885 William Henry Vanderbilt (age 64) died.

On 08 Dec 1893 Forster Goring (age 83) died.

On 08 Dec 1894 Emma Shelton (age 90) died.

Before 08 Dec 1897 Gertrude Cary died. A ledger stone on the floor of the chancel in All Hallows' Church Woolfardisworthy [Map] is inscribed "Here lyeth Gertrude, the wife of William Hamlyn of Marshwell, in this parish, who was buried 8 December 1697".

On 08 Dec 1901 Fanny Catherine Lonsdale Baroness Beckett (age 78) died.

On 08 Dec 1907 Henry Hervey Bruce 3rd Baronet (age 87) died.

On 08 Dec 1907 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 78) died. His son Gustav V King Sweden (age 49) succeeded V King Sweden.

On 08 Dec 1923 Evelyn Henrietta Pennefather Countess Stanhope died.

On 08 Dec 1928 General Arthur Henry Fitzroy Paget (age 77) died.

On 08 Dec 1931 Eleanor "Nellie" Souray Viscountess Torrington (age 51) died.

On 08 Dec 1933 Blanche Adeliza Fitzroy (age 94) died in Regent's Park.

On 08 Dec 1935 George Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam (age 69) died.

On 08 Dec 1939 Mabel Fitzgerald (age 83) died.

On 08 Dec 1941 Algernon Augustus Henry Stracey (age 68) died.

On 08 Dec 1942 Prince Eitel Friedrich Hohenzollern (age 59) died.

On 08 Dec 1944 Keppel Pulteney died.

On 08 Dec 1956 Marie Louise Oldenburg (age 84) died.

On 08 Dec 1975 John Montagu Craster (age 74) died.

On 08 Dec 1975 Bernard van Cutsem (age 59) died.

On 08 Dec 1980 at around ten to eleven in the evening John Lennon Musician (age 40) was shot and killed by Mark David Chapman outside of The Dakota Upper West Side Manhattan where he lived. Lennon was rushed to Roosevelt Hospital Midtown West Manhattan where he was pronounced dead on arrival.

On 08 Dec 2001 Eleanor Hannah Casson (age 91) died. She was buried at St Michael's Church, Muncaster [Map].