Archaeologia Volume 8 Section XXXIV. Description of the Druid Temple [La Hogue Bie [Map]] lately discovered on the top of the Hill near St. Hillary in Jersey. Communicated by Mr. Molseworth. Read January 11, 1787.

Archaeologia Volume 8 Section XXXV. Description of a Druidical Monument [La Hogue Bie [Map]] in the Island of Jersey; in a Letter from the Right Honourable Henry Seymour. Conway (age 63), Governor of Jersey, to the Earl of Leicester, P. S. A. Read March 8, 1787.

Archaeologia Volume 17 Section XXIX. The third [La Mare es Mauves Burial [Map]] is situated between Lancresse Bay and the Valle Church, and is partly concealed by furze (PI. XXII. fig 3.).

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. From the hill on which the great cromlech of L'Ancresse stands, other megalithic structures can be seen; for instance, in an eastern direction, and near the foot of the hill, are various blocks of stone, the relics of a cromlech, known from its position by a marshy pond as La Mare aux mauves [Map], not far from which again is a portion of a stone circle, and some stone graves of the Bronze period. In the centre of the common is an interesting Kistvaen, consisting of a large oddly-shaped capstone ( probably only a portion of the original stone ), supported on several props. On one of these blocks are some barely-distinguishable cup-markings1; whether natural or artificial is mere conjecture. A Logan or rocking-stone once existed on a natural cropping out of rock to the eastward of L'Ancresse; the site still bears the name of La Rocque Balan.

Note 1. Since writing the above, the author has again examined those cup-markings, which, now that the lichens have been cleared out of them, present evident signs of artificial handiwork. They are nine in number, at the side and top edges of the N.E. prop.-S. P. O., February 4, 1870.

La Moye aka Quesnel Menhir [Map] was a Menhir, 12 or 16ft high, the tallest of Jersey. It was destroyed between 1870 and 1878.

Around 4000BC. La Pouquelaye de Faldouet [Map] is a Neolithic passage grave that leads onto a unique double chamber covered by a 24 ton cpastone.

The primary chamber is open and is surrounded by a series of small stone cists (boxes), while the end chamber is capped by a massive 24-ton stone. Originally, the entire site was encircled by a low mound, with two drystone walls and a ring of upright stones. Within the cists, archaeologists discovered human remains. The chamber yielded an array of artifacts, including pottery vessels, polished stone axes, and stone pendants.

Le Couperon [Map]. An 8m long, capstoned chamber surrounded by a ring of eighteen curb stones. Originally covered by a long mound what remains today is largely the work of restorers. When first excavated in 1868 the capstones had fallen into the chamber. These stones, including a porthole stone were lifted and placed as capstones. In 1919 the Société Jersiaise removed the porthole stone which had been incorrectly placed as a capstone and moved it to its current position at the eastern end of the chamber. Finds included a few flint flakes and pottery fragments.

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. The Couperon Cromlech [Map] in the same parish as above (St. Martin's ) was formerly a gem in its way , being a small stone ( Jersey conglomerate ) structure of two parallel walls covered with cap-stones , with an oval peristalith surrounding it . Sad to relate , only two capstones were actually in situ , and the other stones scattered ; still worse , however , these stones have been rearranged , and the remains cooked up to form a modern restoration of a pre- historic sepulchre . One of the present capstones ( the fifth ) is manifestly part of an upright which formed half of a partition , as exactly similar hand-worked stones are found forming partitions ( to allow of entrance ) in the covered allées of Brittany , and have been specially noticed by Mr. Lukis .

Le Creux ès Fées Burial [Map], aka Cave of the Fairies, is a Neolithic passage grave. It is 9 metres long with a narrow entrance expanding into a round ended chamber. Two of the original capstones survive and it is probable that the whole structure would have been roofed. The remains of an earth mound, which would have originally covered the tomb, measure some 18 meters in diameter. Stones from the surrounding kerb which have been re-positioned are visible on the north side of the mound. Soldiers stationed nearby used to use it as a den so the tomb was filled with rubble to prevent this.

Archaeologia Volume 17 Section XXIX. One of these is situated near Paradis, at the Clos of the Vale, and is called "La Pierre du déhus [Map]." It stands on a rising ground, and slopes towards the east north east. The stones are of a grey granite. The supporting, or upright stones, are 2½ feet above the ground in the inside, and could not be more, as the bottom is rocky; they form a parallelogram in the inside of 12 feet broad. I send you two views of this temple, (Pl. XX.) and likewise a plan of the surface with the admeasurements, (Pl. XXI.)

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. The cromlech next in importance to that at L'Ancresse, which it rivals in size, is that known by the name of Dé-hus [Map] or Du-Thus ( Deuce ), by some L'Autel du Grand Sarazin ( see Plate II., Fig. 1 ). On examining this structure we see at a glance the large western chamber, with its huge capstone over 16 feet long, and weighing at least 20 tons. The second capstone, that next to the largest, is broken, and the fracture apparently took place during the period of cromlech-builders or their immediate successors, as the larger half of the stone still remaining in situ has been propped up by an additional stone pillar. In all there are eight capstones, which, with the side blocks supporting them, diminish gradually in bulk towards the eastern entrance, which is blocked up by a large stone, analogous to the L'Ancresse and other cromlechs. The narrow orientated gallery is conspicuous likewise, whilst the main body of the structure is divided into three chambers. The most noticeable features however, after all, in this cromlech, are the four side chambers, two to the north and two to the south; these are square and polygonal kists, some of which are entered from the eastern gallery, and others distinct, but all adjoining. In the chamber to the north and east were found two skeletons in a kneeling (crouching?) posture, the flat stone which covers the kist nearly touching their skulls. In the chambers to the south were found several layers of interments, the human bones being disposed in groups crosswise, with the skull on the top, indicating the corpses to have been placed in a sitting posture. There were pavements of flat stones between the layers of interments, which resemble exactly similar instances in the West Gothland tombs¹.

Note 1. Nilsson on ' The Stone Age, ' p. 149.

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. Not far to the north-west of Dé-hus [Map] are vestiges of a kist, the capstones of which were destroyed against the wish, and in the absence, of the proprietor; this monument curiously enough bears the name of Le Tombeau du Grand Sarazin, a name in conjunction with a similar appellation given to Dé-hus, significant of the Iberic element, distinctly traceable in the ethnology of the Channel Islanders. A Dolmen, or Trilithon, consisting of a large capstone 13 feet in length, resting on two props, and partly covered by the débris of a neighbouring quarry, still marks the spot where a large cromlech formerly stood in the same parish as the above- mentioned remains; the huge western capstone, now destroyed, bore the name of La Roche qui sonne. An analogous name to this Guernsey Memnon, La Roque où le Coq chante, another site in Guernsey, is mentioned by Victor Hugo in his celebrated work, Les Travailleurs de la Mer, in which he mentions the popular superstition concerning these remains: "Cette pierre est fort à surveiller. On ne sait ce qu'elle fait là. On y entend chanter un coq qu'on ne voit pas, chose extremement désagréable. Ensuite il est avéré qu'elle a été mise dans ce courtil par les sarregousets, qui sont la même chose que les sins. "

Le Mont Ubé [Map] was discovered in 1848 by workmen quarrying for stone. The passge leads into bottle shaped chamber that used to have four internal compartments each blocked with low stone slabs. The capstones were taken as well as all but one of the internal compartments. Within the passage stand three stones that may also have had a low sill at some time. These were later used to block of the passage so it could be used as a pigsty. Finds recovered from the workmens spoil heaps included 10 or 12 pots, a Jersey bowl, vase supports, flint and stone tools, stone axes, polished stone pendants and a grape cup (unique to the Channel Islands). Burnt and unburnt human remains were noted in the cists.

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. The cromlech of Mont Ubé [Map] , although devoid of its capstones , is still most instructive , being remarkable for the regularity of its form , which exhibits the original plan of the (Celtic?) architects , perhaps more perfectly than any other cromlech in the Channel Islands . This cromlech is more fully imbedded in the soil than the denuded remains of the Pocquelaye and Le Couperon , which may tend to its ultimate preservation . It consists of a large western chamber elongated towards the orientated narrowed passage , and is divided into several chambers . Two of the upright stone pillars which separate the cists have been worked into somewhat obelisk-like forms , perhaps to adapt them for the reception of an imposed capstone . It is much to be regretted that several important stones have been removed from this cromlech .

Archaeologia Volume 17 Section XXIX. Another of these temples is seen at the Catioroc [Map], at St. Saviors, of which I have also the pleasure to send you two views, (PI. XXII. fig. 1, 2.)

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. On the north side of the L'Ancresse Cromlech [Map], under the largest capstone, an evident disturbance of the pristine condition of the structure has taken place, one of the side blocks having been pushed outwards apparently, and smaller stones added, so as to form a supplementary kist, in which human remains were found, indicating a secondary interment. It would take up too much space to detail the relics found at the excavation of this structure; it is sufficient to mention that they were all attributable to the Stone age, and have been fully described by Mr. Lukis in the Archæologia, and by Messrs. Worsaæ and Thoms.

Llewellynn Jewitt 1870. In the Channel Islands the indefatigable and laudable researches of Mr. Lukis (age 81) show that the galleried stone chambers of the tumuli in that district had been used by successive generations for many ages. One of the most important of these is the gigantic chambered burial place, surrounded by a stone circle, at L'Ancresse [Map], in Guernsey. In this, "five large capstones are seen rising above the sandy embankment which surrounds the place; these rest on the props beneath, and the whole catacomb is surrounded by a circle of upright stones of different dimensions. The length of the cromlech is 41 feet from west to east, and about 17 feet from north to south, on the exterior of the stones. At the eastern entrance the remains of a smaller chamber is still seen; it consisted of three or four capstones, and was about seven feet in length, but evidently within the outer circle of stones"¹. In a careful examination made by Mr. Lukis (age 81), many highly interesting features were brought to light, of which he has given an excellent account in the "Archaeological Journal,"² to which the reader cannot do better than refer. The engravings there given, show the interiors of some of the chambers, with their deposits in situ, and exhibit some of the highly interesting relics found during the excavations. The pottery was of a totally distinct character from that of the Celtic period found in England, some of the forms being of what are usally considered the Anglo-Saxon type, and are the result of the use of these chambers by successive generations, as already named.

Note 1. F. C. Lukis.

Note 2. Vol. I. p. 142.

Quarterly Journal of Science 1870 I. One curious characteristic of these monuments may be noticed more in Guernsey than in Jersey, viz. that the majority of these structures are within sight of one another. Undoubtedly, in primeval times, such monuments were in existence on every headland round the coast; and it is possible that signal fires may have been used in connection with them. Most of these characteristic features are exhibited in the large cromlech on L'Ancresse Common [L'Ancresse [Map]], which stands on an eminence, called by the inhabitants of the Clos du Valle, Mont St. Michel, whilst the structure itself they call L'Autel des Vardes [Map]. Two photoxylographs are given of this interesting structure from different points of view ( see Plate I., Figs. 1 and 2 ); but although the huge capstones are well shown, and the gradual diminishing of their size towards the east, still no outside view can convey any idea of the size of the chamber and passage beneath, in consequence of the sand and soil being so heaped up around the outside of the structure, that only the tops of the side props are visible. However, at the west end one may stand upright beneath the largest capstone; and when the soil was removed from the floor during the exploration of this cromlech by Mr. Lukis and his sons, the height of the western chamber was eight feet. The westernmost upright block is almost identical in size and shape with those blocks occupying similar positions in the cromlechs of the Creux des Fées [Map], Mont Ubé [Map], and the Pocquelaye [Map].

Roc à l’Epine Burial Mound [Map] is a Neolithic burial chamber on the island of Alderney. Its top heavy flat stone rests on two supports.

Ville-ès-Nouaux is a gallery tomb, 5.8 meters long, with a south facing entrance, and a dolmen surrounded by a stone circle. Inside, ceramic vessels were found, including goblets and bowls, as well as an archery plate