Late Medieval Books, A Brief Latin Chronicle
A Brief Latin Chronicle is in Late Medieval Books.
A Brief Latin Chronicle being the Concluding Portion of a Work Entitled "Compilatio De Gestis Britonum Et Anglorum." [From MS. Arundel 5, College of Arms.]
Henry VI, son of the aforementioned King Henry, was born at Windsor on the feast of Saint Nicholas, bishop and confessor, and began to reign at the age of nine months and fifteen days on the aforementioned last day of August. And on Sunday, the feast of Saint Leonard the Abbot, in the year of our Lord 1429 and in the eighth year of his reign, he was crowned at Westminster, with Lord Henry of Winchester, then cardinal of the title of Saint Eusebius, present there. And in the tenth year of his reign, the same king was also crowned in the city of Paris on the ninth day of December, with the aforementioned cardinal present.
Henricus vjcus filius predicti regis Henrici apud Windeleshore in festo Sancti Nicholai episcopi et confessoris natus, in etate ix mensium et xv dierum, regnare cepit supra dicto ultimo die Augusti. Et in dominica die in festo Sancti Leonardi Abbatis, Anno Domini Millesimo cccc°.xxix°. et anno regni sui viij° apud Westmonasterium coronatur, Domino Henrico Wintoniensi episcipo tunc cardinali tituli Sancti Eusebii ibidem presente. Et anno regni sui decimo idem rex apud civitatem Parisiensem ix° die Decembris etiam coronatur, presente ibidem cardinale supradicto.
17 Aug 1424. However, in the year —— of this king, there was a battle at Verneuil in Perche between John, Duke of Bedford (age 35), regent of France, and the French and Scots. With the said duke were the Earl of Salisbury (age 36), the Earl of Suffolk (age 27), Lord Willoughby, Lord Scales, Lord Poynings, and William Oldhall with the retinue of the Duke of Exeter, then infirm. In this battle on the French side, the Duke of Alençon was captured; the bastard of Alençon, the Count of Nevers, and the Count of Marle were indeed killed. On the Scottish side, Archibald, Earl of Douglas (age 52), the Earl of Buchan (age 43), the Earl of Mar, the Earl of Moray, James Douglas, son of the said earl, Sir Alexander Lindsay; William Douglas of Drumlanrig, Matthew Pork, Hugh Orth, knights, and many others, both French and Scots, were killed in that battle and in the flight, to the number of 7,000 and more. Later, in the ditches of the said town, it is said, 4,000 were found drowned. And for all these things, always give thanks to God.
Anno autem —— hujus regis fuit prelium apud Vernoll in Perche inter Johannem ducem Bedfordie regentem Francie et Francos ac Scottos. Ubi cum dicto duce fuerunt Comes Sarum, Comes Southfok, deminus Wylughby, dominus Scales, dominus Ponynges, Willelmus Oldale cum retinencia ducis Exonie tunc infirmi. Et in dicto bello ex parte Francorum captus est dux de Launson[..]; occisi vero sunt ibidem bastardus de Launson, Comes de Navern et Comes de Marrebon[..]. Ex parte autem Scottorum perempti sunt Archibaldus Comes de Douglasse, Comes de Boghan, Comes de Marre, Comes de Murrey, Jacobus Douglas filius dicti comitis, Alexander Lyndesey miles; Willelmus Douglas de Danlanryk, Matheus Pork, Hugo Orth, milites, et alii quam plures, tam de Francis quam de Scottis in ipso bello et fuga ad numerum vij ml et ultra. Postea vero in foveis dicte ville inventa sunt, ut dicitur, iiij ml submersa. Et super his omnibus semper Deo gratias.
Jun 1436. In the 14th year of this King Henry, Philip, Duke of Burgundy, against his loyalty, besieged the town of Calais with great preparation and a copious multitude of people; there were there, according to estimates, more than one hundred thousand men. In tents and pavilions 10,000, in large cannons 28, in fiery cressets at night 7,000, in galleys 7,000, in small cannons called ribalds 7,000, in crossbows 10,000, in carts 12,000.
Anno xiiij° hujus regis Henrici Philippus dux Burgundie, contra fidelitatem suam, villam Calisie obsidiavit cum magno apparatu et multitudine populi copiosa; fuerunt enim ibi, secundum estimacionem, plus quam c. milia virorum. In tentoriis et pavilionibus x ml, in magnis gunnis xxviij, in cressetes ardentibus in nocte vij ml, in gall. vij ml, in parvis gunnis vocatis ribaldis vij ml, in crosbowes x ml, in carectis xij ml.
Jul 1436. For the resolution of this siege, Lord Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (age 45), crossed the Channel with many nobles and lords and a multitude of people numbering 60,000, hastening to Calais. However, before his arrival, the Earl of Mortain and Lord Camoys with their forces, numbering 2,500, safely kept the said town of Calais, and within a few days, they valiantly broke the siege and killed many there. The Duke of Burgundy, with his forces, having learned that the Duke of Gloucester with such a powerful English force was approaching, became fearful and confused and quickly took flight. After the said Duke of Gloucester had arrived at Calais, he then proceeded through Picardy and Flanders for 11 days, burning towns. The Earl of Huntingdon and his forces also burned the town of Poperinge and killed many, and around the feast of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle that followed, the aforementioned Duke of Gloucester and the nobles with lords and their people prosperously returned to England.
Pro qua quidem obsidione dissolvenda transfretavit Dominus Humfridus, dux Gloucestrie, cum quam pluribus magnatibus et proceribus ac multitudine populi ad numerum lx ml, Calisiam usque properans. Sed ante ipsius adventum, Comes de Morten et Dominus de Cammysh cum suis ad numerum ij ml di. dictam villam Calisie tutissime conservantes illam obsidionem infra dies paucos viriliter confregerunt et plurimos ibidem occiderunt. Qui quidem dux Burgundie cum suis, cognito quod dux Gloucestrie cum tanta potestate Anglorum in proximo adventaret, veritus et confusus, celerrime capit fugam. Postea vero quam predictus dux Gloucestrie Caliam venisset, exinde in Picardiam et Flandiam per dies xj procedendo villas combussit. Ubi etiam Comes Huntingdon et sui villam de Popering cremaverunt ac plurimos peremerunt, et circiter festum Sancti Bartholomei Apostoli proximo sequens Dux Gloucestrie memoratus ac magnates cum proceribus et populo suo in Angliam prospere remearunt.
Aug 1436. In the same year, within the next month after the aforementioned Duke of Burgundy had besieged the town of Calais and then fled by the grace of God, James, King of the Scots (age 42) and perjurer, laid siege with his army to the Castle of Roxburgh in Northumbria, reportedly with a force of 300 men and more; there he achieved nothing. For the very noble knight, Ralph Grey (age 30), with eighty valiant men, strongly held the said castle and valiantly resisted the said King of Scots and his army. Hearing that the Archbishop of York, the Bishop of Durham, and the Earl of Northumberland with a great force from the north were planning to confront them soon, the aforementioned king and his army, terrified and confused, immediately fled.
Anno eodem, infra mensem proximo sequentem quo prefatus dux Burgundie villam Calisie taliter obsedisset et inde gratia Dei profugatus fuisset, Jacobus rex Scottorum perjurus Castro de Rokesburgh in Northumbria cum suo exercitu, ut fertur, ad numerum c ml et ultra, obsidionem opposuit; ubi nichil profecit. Nam prenobilis ille miles Radulphus Greye, cum lxxx viris strenuis, dictum castrum fortiter custodivit et dicto regi Scottorum et exercitui suo viriliter restitit. Audito autem quod Archiepiscopus Eboracensis, episcopus Dunelmensis ac Comes Northumbrie cum maxima potestate borealium eisdem obviare infra breve proponebant, rex prefatus et suns exercitus territi et confusi protinus aufugerunt.
21 Feb 1537. And around the following March, the same king, by the wicked persuasion and counsel of the Earl of Atholl, his uncle, and others supporting him in this, was killed one night by a Scot commonly known as William Graham and some others, while the king was preparing for bed, dressed only in his shirt and trousers. He was terrified and forced into the latrine of his own chamber, where he was cruelly and inhumanely killed with swords. It is said that he had about thirty wounds on his body, seven of which seemed fatal. As evidence of this event, an apostolic legate then in Scotland reportedly later brought the said shirt to the Pope, as it is said. Blessed be the Lord God who so often rescues His servants from the hands of those seeking evil against them, and confuses and overthrows the perjurers and those who disturb the peace!
Et circiter mensem Martii extunc proximo sequentem idem rex, iniqua suasione ac consilio Comitis de Athel, avunculi sui, et aliorum sibi in hoc favencium, per quemdam Scottum, Willelmum Grame vulgariter nominatum, et quosdam alios, nocte quadam, dum se rex ad lectum disponebat, camisia et braccis solummodo indutus, improvise territus et in cloacam proprie camere fugatus, cum spatis crudeliter et inhumane est occisus. Fertur enim ipsum circa xxx vulnera in corpore habuisse, quorum vij letalia videbantur. In evidenciam cujus rei quidam legatus apostolicus in Scotia tunc existens dictam cdamisiam postmodo Domino Pape, ut dicitur, deferebat. Benedictus sit Dominus Deus qui tam sepius servulos suos eripuit de manibus querencium eis mala, perjurosque et pacem turbantes confudit et evertit!
30 May 1445. In the year of our Lord 1445, on the 30th day of May, Margaret (age 15), the daughter of the King of Sicily (age 36), was crowned Queen of England at Westminster. However, it should be noted that shortly after the marriage contract was made with the said Margaret in overseas territories by William, Duke of Suffolk (age 48), Maine along with Anjou were lost. Then gradually (whose betrayal or cowardice God knows) all of Normandy with the city of Paris, etc., were lost. Similarly, Bordeaux along with all of Gascony, etc., were also lost.
Anno Domini millessimo cccc°.xlv., xxx die mensis Maii coronatur Margareta filia regis Ceciloie in reginam Anglie apud Vestmonasterium. Sed advertendum est quod infra breve post contractum factum cum dicta Margareta in partibus transmarinis per Willelmum ducem Suthfolk, amissa est Cenomannia cum Andegavia. Deinde paulatim (quorum prodicione aut ignavia novit Deus) amissa est tota Normannia cum civitatge Parisius, &. Deinde similiter amissa est Burdegalia cum tota Vascibua, &.
07 Jul 1453. For their recovery, the noble warrior Earl of Shropshire (age 70) along with his son, Lord Lisle (age 27), and others, were sent, who valiantly reclaimed them. But, which I report with sorrow, rashly or heedlessly engaging in a conflict with the French [Battle of Castillon], they were killed there, and the French reacquired all that was there, and thus still hold it peacefully.
Ad cujus recuperacionem missus est nobilis ille belliger Comes Salopie cum filio suo, domino de Lyel, et aliis, qui viriliter eam recuperaverunt. Sed, quod dolenter refero, incaute seu capitose se dantes cuidam conflictui cum Franciugenis, ibi interfecti sunt, et readquisierunt Francigene omnia que illic erantl, et sic adhuc pacifice detinent.
1547. In the year of our Lord 1457, the town of Fowey in Cornwall was plundered by pirates; and in the same year in the month of August, the town of Sandwich [Map] was also plundered by pirates, and ships and nearly all movable goods in both towns were taken away.
Anno Domini millesimo cccc°.lvij°. spoliata est villa de Fowe in Cornubia per pirates; et eodem anno in mense Augusti spoliata est villa de Sandwiche per pirates, et naves et pene omnia bona mobilia in utrisque villis abducta sunt.
1457. In the year of our Lord 1457, there was a certain Reginald Pecock (age 62), a Welshman by nationality, a doctor of sacred theology, and the Bishop of Chichester, indeed famous for his intellect and knowledge, and in his early age considered of good governance and of reputable fame. However, later on, instigated by the Devil and relying too much on his own intellect, becoming almost forgetful of his own salvation and that of others, he set aside, or rather almost rejected, his former innocence, and in many respects despised the Catholic faith, the sanctions and sayings of the holy doctors and fathers, even considering the supreme truth of the sacred scripture as almost worthless, and in many cases elevated human reasoning above all these things. Hence, just like a second Lucifer, esteeming and exalting himself above others, he revived certain old pernicious heresies that had been condemned and added quite harmful new ones, many of which, both because of their enormity and because of the scandal they might cause to the weaker brethren, I deem it safer to commit to silence than to speak of them. He held most insolent views about the most divine Eucharist, and wrongly cited Saint Dionysius on his behalf, who, however, wrote clearly to the contrary. He disparaged the divine ecclesiastical offices arranged by the holy fathers, and long used in churches by many men of holy and approved life for the praise of God and the salvation of the faithful; he omitted four articles of the most holy creed, etc.
Anno Domini millesimo cccc°.lvij° extitit quidam nomine Raginaldus Pokok, nacione Wallicus, sacre theologie doctor, et Cicestrensis episcopus, ingenio quidem et scientia satis clarus, et in primeva etate reputatus boni regiminis, et honeste fame; hic tamen posterius, instigante Diabolo, proprio nimis innitens ingenio, proprie salutis et aliorum factus quasi immemor, postposita, imo quasi fere rejecta, priori innocencia, et in multis fide spreta catholica, santorum doctorum et patrum sanctiones et dicta, imo scripture sacre supereminentem veritatem quasi pro vili habens, dictamen rationis humane in multis extulit super hec omnia. Unde sic, velut secundus Lucifer supra ceteros estimans se et extollens, veteres quasdam pestiferas hereses damnatas renovavit, novasque satis noxias superadjecit, quarum multas, tum propter earum enormitatem, tum propter aliorum infirmorum scandalum, silencio committendas esse sacius estimo quam dicendas. De Eukaristia divinissima protervissime sensit, et Sanctum Dionisium pro se allegavit, qui tamen Dionisius plane in contra scripsit. Ecclesiastica divina officia per sanctos patres disposita, et a multis sanctis probateque vite viris a diu in ecclesiis usitata ad Dei laudem et fidelium salutem, vilipendit; quattuor articulos simboli sacro-sancti omisit, &c.
1457. And these and many other frivolous and heretical assertions found scattered in his [Bishop Peacock's (age 62)] books, and publicly presented and attributed to him at Lambeth before the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury (age 39), bishops, doctors, and the clergy assisting there, Reginald did not deny having dictated, held, and spread through himself and his heralds, and having infected many others with the same. Therefore, those heresies and many others were diligently and maturely examined there and were condemned by Lord Thomas, the Archbishop of Canterbury, bishops, doctors, and the rest of the clergy, and many of his heretical books were publicly burned; some in Oxford during a general procession, and some in the cemetery of Saint Paul’s Cathedral Church, London. Where also the same Reginald on Sunday during the sermon time publicly abjured, anathematized, renounced all such perverse and heretical dogmas in writing, and subjected himself to canonical correction. Hence he was deprived of the bishopric of Chichester and was assigned to a private or solitary life. Many, however, infected by his pernicious doctrine, remained in error.
Has et quam plures alias asserciones frivolas et hereticas in ejus libris sparsim inventas, et publice apud Lambyth coram Domino Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo, episcopis, doctoribus et clero inibi assistentibus prelatas et sibi objectas, non negavit se dictus Raginaldus dictasse, tenuisse, ac per se et suos precones propalasse, et alios quam plurimos eisdem infecisse. Examinate igitur diligenter et mature ibidem dicte hereses, et alie quam plurime, per Dominum Thomam Cantuariensem archiepisopum, episcopos, doctores, et reliquum clerum damnate sunt, et multi de libris ejus hereticis publice combusti sunt; quidam Oxon. in processione generali, quidam autem in cimiterio ecclesie Cathedralis Sancti Pauli, London. Ubi et idem Raginaldus dominico die tempore sermonis omnia hujusmodi dogmata perversa et heretica publice in scriptis abjuravit, anathematizavit, abrenunciavit, canoniceque correccioni se subjecit. Unde et episcopatu Cicestrensi privatus, vite private seu solitarie adjudicatus est. Multi tamen ejus doctrina pestifera infecti, permanserunt in errore.
1460. About this time, James, King of Scotland (age 29), nobly governed his people, restraining thieves and oppressors, expanding agriculture, and maintaining holy justice. In the year of our Lord 1460, with his army, he besieged Roxburgh Castle and was killed by his own cannon, which burst while he stood by it. However, his army demolished the same castle and then withdrew.
Circiter istud tempus Jacobus rex Scocie populum suum nobiliter rexit, fures et oppressores cohibens, agriculturam amplians, sanctam(?) justiciam servans. Hic anno Domini 1460, cum suo exercitu obsedit castrum Rokisburgh et per propriam gunnam suam diruptam, cui astitit, interfectus est. Exercitus tamen ejus idem castrum prostravit et recessit.
24 Mar 1458. In the year of our Lord 1457 [Note. March 1457 is in 1458 in the Gregorian Calendar], during the sacred Lenten season, a peace was made in London between Lord Richard, Duke of York, the Earl of Warwick, and the Earl of Salisbury, with their followers on one side, and the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Northumberland, and Lord Clifford, with their followers on the other side, mediated by the illustrious King Henry and other spiritual and temporal lords of the kingdom; for there had been grave and dangerous disturbances [First Battle of St Albans] by some lords at the town of St Albans; the killing of whom had disturbed and inflamed the hearts of many, but was somewhat quelled by a certain satisfaction made, with the Most High granting peace. However, it did not last long.
Anno Domini millesimo cccc°.lvij., sacro tempore quadragesimali, London' facta est concordia inter Dominum Ricardum ducem Eboracensem, Comitem de Warwyc, et comitem Sarum, cum suis, ex parte una, et ducem Somersetie, et Comitem Northumbrie et dominum Clifford, cum suis, ex parte altera, per illustrem regem Henricum et alios dominos regni spirituales et temporales; gravis enim, et periculosa quorundam dominorum apud villam Sancti Albani; quorum interfeccio inquietans et accendens corda multorum, satisfactione quadam facta, prestante Altissimo, partim sopita est. Sed non diu permansit.
12 Oct 1459. For in the year of our Lord 1459, the aforementioned lords, namely Richard, Duke of York, the Earl of March, son of the same duke, the Earl of Salisbury, and the Earl of Warwick, with a large retinue, near Ludlow around the feast of Saint Edward the Confessor, were preparing for open battle. Whether they had gathered to reform the ills of the kingdom, or for their own safekeeping, or for any other reason, God knows. Against them, the king himself with the nobles of the kingdom and a large army hastened to battle; however, after a delay there, many left the duke and the earls and, submitting themselves to the king, were received into his grace. The Duke of York fled. Indeed, the Duke of York went to Ireland with a few; the three remaining earls with very few reached Calais by ship. In the meantime, their estates were confiscated, and other properties were plundered. Meanwhile, occasional conflicts occurred between the Duke of Somerset, the captain of the castle of Guines, with his men, and the people of Calais, and many fell.
Nam anno Domini millesimo cccc°.lix°, insurrexerunt iterum predicti domini, scilicet Ricardus, dux Eboracensis, comes Merchie, filius ejusdem ducis, comes Sarum, comes Warwyc, cim grandi comitatu, et juxta Ludlaw circiter festum Sancti Edwardi Confessoris, ad bellum campestre se parabant. An sic convenerant ad reformandum mala regni, aut sui ipsorum salvam custodiam, vel quavis alia causa, novit Deus. Contra quos rex ipse cum proceribus regni et copioso exercitu in bellum properavit; mora autem ibi facta, recesserunt multi a duce et comitibus et regi se submittentes ad graciam ejus recepti sunt. Dux autem Eboracensis fugam inierunt. Dux namque Eboracensis cum paucis Hyberniam adiit; tres reliqui comites cum paucissimis usque Calisiam navigio pervenerunt. Confiscantur interim eorum predia, diripiuntur alia bona. Interim inter ducem Somersetie, capitaneum castri de Geynes, cum suis, et Calisienses, facti sunt interdum conflictus, et multi corruerunt.
09 Oct 1459. In the same year, around the feast of Saint Edmund, King and Martyr, a parliament was convened at Coventry, where the said Duke and three Earls, along with many other knights and magnates, were indicted there for grand treason and declared to be attainted traitors by the lords of that parliament; and the actions approved by the said duke and lords regarding their insurrection at the town of St Albans in the previous parliament were completely annulled in this one. And on the feast of Saint Agnes following, the said Duke and lords were publicly proclaimed as attainted traitors in the city of London, and thus remained until about the feast of Saint John the Baptist following.
Eodem anno, circiter festum Sancti Edmundi Regis et Martiris, convocato parliamento apud Coventre, indictati sunt ibidem dicti Dux et tres Comites cum aliis multis militibus et magnatibus super grandi prodicione et declarati pro ateyntid traytowrs per dominos illius parliamenti; et ea que per dictos ducem et dominos de insurreccione sua apud villam Sancti Abani in priori parliamento approbata sunt, in isto penitus sunt cassata. Et in festo Sancte Agnetis proximo sequente, dicti Dux et domini in civitate London. publice proclamati sunt pro ateyntid traytours, et sic manserunt usque circiter festum Sancti Johannis Baptiste proximo sequens.
25 Jun 1460. In the year of our Lord 1460, around the feast of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist, the aforementioned three earls returned to England with a moderate retinue, and many, hearing of their arrival, joined them. They peacefully entered the city of London within the octave of the Apostles Peter and Paul, and, after some were beheaded in Cheapside for their crimes, two earls took the road towards the king. And on the feast of the Seven Holy Brothers, a meeting was held near Northampton, and with the favor of a certain lord from the king's side, they entered the royal tent and gained victory. Where, on the king’s side, the Duke of Buckingham, the Earl of Shropshire, Lord Beaumont, Lord Egremont, among others, were killed, and many fleeing from that side were drowned. The king, however, with the Earls of March and Warwick, was honorably brought back to London and was housed in the Bishop of London's palace.
Anno Domini millesimo cccc°.lx°, circiter festum Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste, redierunt predicti tres comites in Angliam cum comitatu mediocri, et multi, audito eorum adventu, adheserunt eis. Civitatem London. infra octavas Apostolorum Petri et Pauli pacifice ingressi sunt, et, quibusdam ob scelera sua in Chepa decapitatis, duo comites iter versus regem arripuerunt. Et in festo Sanctorum Septem Fratrum, facto congressu juxta Northamptone, favore cujusdam domini ex parte regis regale tentorium ingressi sunt et victoriam obtinuerunt. Ubi interfecti sunt, ex parte regis, dux de Bokyngham, comes Salopie, dominus Beaumount, dominus Egremund, cum aliis, et multi ex ea parte fugientes submersi sunt. Rex vero cum comitibus Merchie et Warwic, London. honorifice reductus, in pallacio episcopi Londoniensis hospitatus est.
Meanwhile, with Lord Scales (age 62) and many others guarding the Tower of London, after cannon shots were fired at the besiegers outside the Tower and sailors on the Thames, many were killed. Eventually, after the Tower was surrendered to Sir John Wenlock (age 59), who was besieging it, Lord Scales, on the night of Saint Margaret1, attempting to escape by boat from those lying in wait for him, was captured and killed. And shortly thereafter, Sir Thomas Browne (age 57) along with five others, who were condemned for extortion, robbery, and treason, were beheaded at Tyburn.
Note 1. The Feast of Saint Margaret the Virgin i.e. 20th July.
Interim, domino Scales cum multis aliis Turrim London. servante, factis jacturis gunnorum in extra existentes obsessores Turris et nautas in Tamesi, multi interfecti sunt. Tandem, reddita Turre predicta Johanni Wenloc militi obsidenti eam, dominus Scales in nocte Sancte Margarete volens in cimba evadere ab insidiantibus sibi, captus et interfectus est. Et infra breve Thomas Browne miles cum aliis quinque qui super extorcione rapinis et prodicione damnati sunt apud Tyburne decapitati sunt.
24 Jul 1469. In this year also, on the eve of Saint James the Apostle, a conflict [Battle of Edgecote Moor aka Danes Moor aka Banbury] occurred between the northern soldiers and warriors against Lord Herbert (age 46) and his Welshmen. Many fell on both sides; and Lord Herbert, along with two brothers, was captured. He was shortly thereafter beheaded at Northampton [Map]. This W. Herbert, a most severe oppressor and despoiler of ecclesiastics and many others over many years, finally received this reward by the just judgment of God for his crimes and wickedness.
Hoc etiam anno in vigilia Sancti Jacobi Apostoli, facto conflictu militum et belligerorum borealium contra dominum Harberd cum suis Wallensibus, ceciderunt hine et inde multi; et dominus Harberd cum duobus fratribus sus captus est, et infra breve apud Northampton decapitatus est. His W. Harberd, gravissimus et oppressor et spoliator ecclesiasticorum et aliorum multorum per annos multos, hanc tandem justi Dei judicio pro suis sceleribus et nequiciis receipt mercedem.
On 12 Aug 1469. On the Saturday before the Assumption of the most blessed Virgin Mary, Lord de Rywans (age 64) along with Lord John (age 24), his son, were captured, and they were executed together near the castle of Kenilworth [Map].
Die Sabbati proximo ante Assumptionem beatissime semper Virginis Marie captus est Dominus de Rywans cum domino Johanne filio suo, et juxta castrum de Kelingworth pariter docollati sunt.
In the year of our Lord 1470, around the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Mary [08 Sep 1470], the Duke of Clarence and the Earl of Warwick, along with many others who had been expelled to France by King Edward a little earlier because of their rebellions, returned to England. Landing in Devon, they gathered an army.
Anno Domini millesimo lxx°, circiter festum Nativitatis Beate Marie regressi sunt in Angliam dux Clarencie, comes de Warwic, cum multis aliis, qui paulo ante per regem Edwardum in Franciam propter suas rebelliones effugati fuerant, et in Devonia applicantes exercitum colligerunt.
02 Oct 1470. Edward, seeing their boldness, fled with a few followers to Flanders, where he was honorably received by the Duke of Burgundy.
Edwardus autem, videns eorum audciam, fugit cum paucis in Flandriam, ubi a duce Burgundie honorifice est susceptus.
06 Oct 1470. And on the feast of Saint Faith the Virgin, the Duke of Clarence, brother of King Edward, and the Earl of Warwick, along with other lords, led King Henry (age 48) from the Tower of London, clothed him in royal apparel, and escorted him through Cheapside to the bishop's palace in London. That year, the people of Kent, driven by their usual wickedness, rose up and plundered many in Southwark, London, and soon withdrew.
Et in festo Sancte Fidis Virginis dux Clarencie, frater Regis Edwardi, et comes de Warwic, cum ceteris dominis, regem Henricum de Turri London educentes, regali apparatu indutum per Chepam usque ad palacium episcopi London. perduxerunt. Hoc anno Cantigene consueta nequicia agitati insurgunt et multos in Sowthwerk, London. spoliant, et infra breve recesserunt.
18 Oct 1470. In those days, that fierce executioner and dreadful beheader of men, the Earl of Worcester (age 43), was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London, and soon after was beheaded near the said tower, and was obscurely buried at the Friars Preachers near Ludgate.
His diebus captus est ille trux carnifex et hominum decollator horridus, comes de Wiccester, et in Turri London. incarceratus, et in breve prope dictam turrim decapitatus, et apud Fratres Predicatores juxta Ludgate obscure sepultus.
14 Mar 1471. Meanwhile, around the feast of Saint Edward the Martyr, in Lent, King Edward (age 28) returned to England, and soon after, having reconciled with the Duke of Clarence, he moved around and gathered many; and on Maundy Thursday, he peacefully entered London with his two brothers and a large retinue.
Interim, circiter festum Sancti Edwardi Martiris, in quadragesima, rediit in Angliam rex Edwardus, et in breve, recepto duce Clarencie ad graciam, circumivit et congregavit multos; et in Cena Domini London. pacifice cum duobus fratribus suis et magno comitatu ingressus est.
14 Apr 1471. Then, rumors flying that the Earl of Warwick (age 42) with his army was approaching, King Edward with his army hurried against him on Holy Saturday, and at dawn on the most holy day of Easter (alas and alas for sorrow!) a battle was engaged near the town of Barnet, where many fell on both sides; and the Earl of Warwick, along with his brother and many other lords and nobles along with commoners, was killed there; and the bodies of the said earl and his brother (age 40) were brought to London, lay naked in St. Paul's Church publicly for some time, and were later entrusted to burial.
Tunc fame volante quod comes de Warwic cum suo exercitu adventaret, rex Edwardus cum suo exercitu contra eum in Sabbato Sancto Pasche properavit, et in aurora Sanctissime diei Pasche (heu et proh dolor!) inito certamine juxta villiam Barnett, ceciderunt hine et inde multi; et comes de Warwic, cum fratre suo, et multis aliis dominis et nobilibus cum plebanis, ibi interfectus est; et corpora dicti comitis et fratris sui perducta London., in ecclesia Sancti Pauli nuda jacuerunt publice aliquandiu, et postea sepulture comendata sunt.
04 May 1471. In the year of our Lord 1471, around the feast of Saint George, [the King], having heard that Queen Margaret (age 41) along with her son Edward (age 17) and many other lords and nobles had landed in the western parts of England, and that many were flocking to her, hastened with his army against them, and near Tewkesbury, fiercely attacked them, slaughtering many and beheading some of the nobles captured there. The names of those chiefly slain there are these: Edward, the son of Queen Margaret, the Earl of Devon (age 36), Lord John of Somerset, Lord John Wenlock (age 71), Henry the recorder of Bristol, along with many others. The names of those beheaded there are these: the Duke of Somerset (age 32), the prior of the house of Saint John in Smithfield, London, Lord Humphrey Audley, along with many others.
Anno Domini 1471°, circiter festum Sancti Georgii, [Rex], audito quod Regina Margareta cum Edwardo filio suo et aliis dominis et proceribus multis in partibus occiduis Anglorum applicuisset, et quod multi ad eam confluerent, cum suo exercitu etiam adversus eos festinavit, et juxta Tewkisberi acriter in eos insiliens multos trucidavit et quosdam nobiles ibi captos decollavit. Nomina precipurorum ibi interfectorum sunt hec:—Edwardus filius Regine Margarete, comes Devonie, dominus Johannes de Somersete, dominus Johnannes Wenloc, Henricus recorder de Bristow, cum multis aliis. Nomina decollatorum ibidem sunt hec: dux de Somersete, prior domus Sancti Johannis in Smythfeld, London., dominus Hunfredus Awdelaye, cum multis aliis.
21 May 1471. Immediately after this battle, more than forty knights were created; and Henry (age 49), the former king, was returned to the Tower of London, and dying there happily on the Eve of the Ascension of the Lord, was transported by boat along the Thames to the abbey of Chertsey [Map], where he was buried."
Creati sunt statim post istud bellum plures quam xl milities; et Henricus nuper Rex reponitur in Turim London., et in Vigilia Ascensionis Dominice, ibidem feliciter moriens, per Tamisiam navicula usque ad abbahiam de Cheltesye deductus, ibi sepultus est.
The men of Kent along with the bastard Fauconberg and his sailors, rising up, made again more severe attacks than usual on the Londoners and burned down the new gate on London Bridge along with some adjacent houses, and similarly set fires near Aldgate. But Lord Anthony de Scales and Lord Duraste, together with the citizens of London, bravely attacked them; many of them were killed, some were captured, and the rest were put to flight; and the aforementioned bastard withdrew with his marauders, pirates, and ships. King Edward, arriving in London on the third Rogation Day with a powerful army, created many aldermen outside the city into knights; and on the evening of Ascension Day, King Edward with his army set out to correct the men of Kent; and seeing themselves unable to resist, they submitted to him. The King received them and the aforementioned bastard along with many others into his grace; however, other convicted felons were condemned to capital punishment. And having returned to Westminster, there he celebrated the feast of Pentecost.
Cancigne cum bastardo Fawcunbrigge et nautis ejus insurgentes, insultus iterum fecerunt in Londonienses graviores quam solito et walves porte nove super pontem London. cum domibus quibusdam adjacentibus combusserunt, et similiter alias juxta Algate succenderunt. Sed per dominum Antonium de Scales et dominum Duraste cum civibus London. viriliter eos aggredientibus plurimi eorum interfecti sunt, et quidam capti et reliqui in fugam versi sunt; et bastardus predictus cum suis predonibus et piratis et navibus recessit. Et Rex Edwardus feria tercia Rogacionum London. adveniens cum potenti exercitu, extra civitatem aldermannos multos in milites creavit; et in die Assensionis Domini ad vesperam Rex Edwardus cum suo exercitu ad Cancigenas corrigendos iter arripuit; et videntes se insufficientes ad resistendum ei, subdiderunt se ei. Et eos Rex et bastardum predictum cum multis aliis recepit in graciam; alios autem maleficos convictos capitali damnavit sentencia. Et ad Westmonasterium reversus ibi festum Pentecostes celebravit.