Biography of Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset 1500-1552
Paternal Family Tree: Seymour
Maternal Family Tree: Emma de Dinan 1136-1208
On 22 Oct 1494 [his father] John Seymour (age 20) and [his mother] Margery Wentworth were married. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
In 1500 Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset was born to John Seymour (age 26) and Margery Wentworth.
In 1527 [his son] John Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 27) and [his wife] Catherine Filliol (age 20) at Wulf aka Wolf Hall, Wiltshire [Map]. Paternity was questioned by Edward after it was alleged that Catherine had had an affair with her father-in-law John Seymour 1474-1536. He and his brother were excluded in 1540 from their paternal and maternal inheritances and all their claims to their father's dignities being postponed to his children by his second wife.
In 1527 Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 27) and Catherine Filliol (age 20) were married.
Letters and Papers 1528. 22 Jul 1528. R. O. 4547. Magnus to Wolsey.
The King has written to my lord of Richmond for two stewardships in the Duke's gift by the death of Sir William Compton (deceased);—the one of Canforde and Corffe, and my Lord's lands in Dorsetshire, fee 100s.; the other of my Lord's lands in Somersetshire, fee £6 13s. 4d.;—which he wishes given to Sir Giles Strangwisshe (age 42) and Sir Edw. Seymour (age 28). The King's letters mention only the first office, which cannot well be given to two persons. Sir Edw. Seymour writes that both are intended for him. My Lord, however, had already given the stewardship of Canford and Corffe to Sir Will. Parre (age 45), his chamberlain, and of the Somersetshire lands to Geo. Cotton (age 23). Encloses copy of my Lord's letter. The sweating sickness is bad in these parts, and has carried off two of Mr. Holgill's company, the surveyor of Wolsey's lands, who was at Beverley. The Duke (age 9) has removed hither from Pontefract. Sheriff Hutton [Map], 22 July. Signed.
P. 1. Add.: To my lord Legate. Endd.
In 1529 [his son] Edward Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 29) and [his wife] Catherine Filliol (age 22) at Wulf aka Wolf Hall, Wiltshire [Map]. Paternity was questioned by Edward after it was alleged that Catherine had had an affair with her father-in-law John Seymour 1474-1536. He and his brother were excluded in 1540 from their paternal and maternal inheritances and all their claims to their father's dignities being postponed to his children by his second wife.
Around 1535 [his wife] Catherine Filliol (age 28) died.
Letters and Papers 1535. 07 Jan 1535. R. O. 24. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 70).
Wrote to you this day by Sir Oliver of Mr. Saymer's (age 35) award, and the delivery of your mule to Mr. Secretary, and how Tison was rewarded by his kinsman for the carriage of the mule, which pleased him but easily. Sir Edward Saymer hath not received the award. I wish he would refuse it. Has made Boyes' bill for 8d. There is no news of the King's going over. Had it not been for Mr. Syllyard, Mr. Basset would have been appointed of the Chamber in Lincoln's Inn. London, 7 Jan.
Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
Letters and Papers 1535. 13 Jan 1535. R. O. 45. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 70).
Is glad to hear that Mr. Highefield is recovered. If he had died, I hoped that Whethill should not have enjoyed "it" (his place). Has delivered the piece of Orleans to Mr. Secretary. You may send him the mule as she is. The King's coming to Calais depends on the return of Mons. l'Admiral. Wishes to know what prices he must give for the 70 liveries. Asks what he shall do with the two horns he has received. Has advertised Mr. Secretary of your charges in Mr. Seymour's (age 35) matter. He will consult with the lord Chancellor. Has no answer yet touching Mr. Hacket's funeral and burial. Thinks Jenyne will bring orders for the same. Is promised the Commission of Sewers by Mr. Secretary. Has had no answer of the toll of Mark and Oye. Such suits are long, as Lacy knows. I send the Acts last passed. My lord William [Howard] is going to Scotland, with presents to the Scotch king, and William Polle to Ireland as provostmarshal. Gives an account of his fees. Would rather stay at home, for his wife's sake. Your servant Smyth is with Mr. Secretary. London, 13 Jan.
Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
Letters and Papers 1535. 19 Jan 1535. R. O. 65. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 70).
Wrote by Lacy of all things till that day requisite. Mr. Secretary has since promised that I should be despatched of the money to be bestowed for Hacket's obsequies, but he has not yet delivered it. He has also promised that the toll shall be freed for the inhabitants of Marke and Oye, and the low countries there, but I can get no final answer. Mr. Semer (age 35) sealed his obligation on Sunday last, and Mr. Secretary says he will make a good end. If you send the mule as she is you will have no further charge. Sends "by Philip Crayers, master of his ship Robert Johnson," Mr. James's saddle, with stirrups, girths, bridle without bit, peytrell and crupper. Pyckering has good comfort of Mr. Norres. London, 19 Jan. 1534.
Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
Letters and Papers 1535. 19 Jan 1535. R. O. 66. John Husee to Lady Lisle (age 41).
I received by Godealle your letter and £5 in money, both which I have delivered to Mr. Sulyard and master Densill, who have both promised to do what they can for Mr. Basset when he comes hither. They say no discreeter "creanser" can be found for him in all that Inn than Mr. Lane, who will be in chamber with him. At his coming Smythe and I will solicit with him for that cause, and at Mr. Bassett's coming I will see to everything; but I should have esteemed it all the greater favor if you had wished me to ride down and accompany him up to London. I will inquire for a gentlewoman and woman's tailor for you. I sent you the Queen's New Year's gift by Lacy. I hope ere long you shall have a good end in Mr. Saymer's (age 35) matter, if Mr. Secretary will do as he saith. I send you a bill of prices of the grocery and spices you write for. The Portingalle will not sell such small portions. I wish I could tell you my mind, but I cannot write it all. I find no man good to me indeed in my Lord's suits but Mr. Norres, whom I find always one manner man. "And by my faith I cannot see the contrary, but Mr. Secretary beareth my Lord good mind and heart." I cannot yet obtain Mr. Gaynsford's letter, but there is no fear but he shall have it. I have been with Mr. Norres for Mr. Staynyng's place, who has done all he can for your Ladyship's sake. London, 19 Jan. 1534.
Hol., pp. 2.
Letters and Papers 1535. 22 Jan 1535. R. O. 89. [Husee] to Lady Lisle (age 41).
Has written sundry letters, but had no answer from her. Wishes to know whether she has received the Queen's New Year's gift sent by Lacy, and the frontlet. At Mr. Bassett's coming trusts to accomplish her commandment; thinks there will be an end made of my Lord's difference with Mr. Seymour (age 35) in six days. Has spoken with the saddler, who says the sum is no less than 40s. Has promised that her Ladyship will see him pleased. Skutt has been in hand with him for the money. Mr. Staynings is now at liberty from the King's bargain, for the King will not meddle with his lands. London, 22 Jan.
Hol., p. 1. Add. In the margin is written Bowryng. Huntt.
Letters and Papers 1535. 27 Jan 1535. R. O. 118. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 70).
Received his letter by lady Garnish's servant, and delivered unto Smythe Ravon's letter and Saymer's (age 35) bill. Mr. Secretary will end the matter before Candlemas. Hopes his liveries will not be prepared so hastily, as he is informed the King will not cross. As Henry Cornelis is going to Calais, there is no need to deliver the letter. Cheriton is with you. Gwydot is not here. If he come, will be in hand with him for your muscatel and malvesy. The Commission of Sewers is ready. Mr. Fowler will have to take the oaths of the other commissioners. Mr. Secretary will send 40 marks for Hacket's funeral; but I have seen him divers times, and he has not paid it. Can get no answer from him touching the toll of Mark and Oye. Mr. Rockewod promised me for my service 20 nobles, but I shall not stay here for their interests. Send me your answer respecting Hunt, and when your mule shall come. Mr. Speke will be with you in eight days. Thos. Myller says that Nicholas Persone is behind with his rent, but will pay it on a letter from you, which he desires may be sent by Edward Russell. London, 27 Jan.
Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
Letters and Papers 1535. 27 Jan 1535. R. O. 119. John Husee to Lady Lisle (age 41).
I received your letter of Walter, servant to Lady Guarnes-he, and have delivered the 20s. I will show Mr. Tayler your Ladyship's pleasure. Your dog may be well spared, for I am told her Grace makes not much of them. I doubt that the broderer will be reasonable about the frontlets, but you have not written if you have received the same, or answered my bill of prices of grocery I hope to write in my next what end Mr. Secretary makes in my Lord's matter with Sir Edward Seymour (age 35). It rests entirely with him to show his friendship. I am sorry you have been so disquieted at the beginning of the year. My Lord will never get £500, Calais money, by the three persons you write of. Some things now colored will at length be plainly set out. I hope to get you both an ancient gentlewoman and a good tailor. Mr. Bassett came hither on the 26th, and will remain till the morrow of Candlemas day, when he will enter his chamber at Lincoln's Inn. I have spoken with Mr. Holleys this day, but Mr. Lane is not yet come. I have no doubt he will be well pleased to have the young gentleman in his company, who, I assure you, is both gentle, sober and wise. Mr. Syllyard will see to him in Mr. Lane's absence; and Mr. Densell also. Please send Mr. Tywke and Mr. Densell the French wine, Mr. Bassett is out of apparel. He has no good gown but one of chamlet, which was illfashioned, and is now amending. His damask gown is worth nothing but to make a jacket; for his velvet coat was broken to guard his chamlet gown. Reports the state of his other articles of dress. The kersey is not for him, and I have sent it by Edward Russell. He has brought with him a feather bed, bolster, blankets, counter-point and two pair sheets. He requires another bed furnished with a pillow. I intend to make him two pr. black hose, a new damask gown faced with foynes or genetts, and a study gown faced with "fox powttes" of cloth at 6s. a yd., &c. Would like £3 or £4, as what is wanted will take 20 marks at least. Bremelcome wants a coat, as he has only one. London, 26 Jan.
Hol., pp. 3. Add.
Letters and Papers 1535. 27 Jan 1535. R. O. 120. [Lord Lisle (age 70)] to Leonard Smyth.
I have received your letters dated 24 Jan., stating that one Hunt is minded to make his complaint, and that I should write to the Dean of Arches to stay process in my favor. I never meddled with any of his matters, but he made a false oath before the marshal here, and had 20 days' respite before the commissary to reprove those who had sworn the contrary. He promised me and divers of the Council to give surety for £100 to be paid to the King if he did not prove his oath true. This he never did, but "fletyd away" at Sandgate or Whitesand. My letter to the Dean of Arches was to the effect that we have a plain ordinance that no curse shall be pronounced against any soldier here for fault of appearance. Hunt had procured two false knaves to perjure themselves, for which they wore papers and were banished. He was pardoned, being the King's servant, but now that he has committed the same, the retinue have desired me to discharge him, abhorring his company as a great reproach and slander to them all. If he deny this, call John Shepherd, a soldier of this town, to whom he gave money to deliver to his adversaries for agreement. Notwithstanding, if Mr. Secretary will send a commission to some of the Council and constables and vintners here, and if they say he is other than a false knave, and ought to have a room again, he shall have it and 12d. a day out of my purse. When he complains, inform Mr. Secretary thereof. Calais, 27 Jan.
If you think it convenient, I will cause the commissary to come over with the process. I trust Mr. Secretary will give no credit to any surmise unto I may make answer. There have been many running tales surmised about me since I came hither. If God were here among us, every man would not say well by him. He (Hunt) says he was stopped five tides, but he cannot prove it was by my mind, except that John à Burges complained that Hunt would have robbed him in his own house, whereupon I sent them both to the mayor. Mr. Secretary wrote asking that he might he restored, but I answered that if it had not been for Mr. Compton he would have worn paper, and if I put him to his room again all the retinue would cry out on me. God send me a good end in my matter with Sir Edward Semour (age 35). Commend me to your brother.
Pp. 2. Endd.. The copy of my letter sent to Leonard Smythe.
Letters and Papers 1535. 09 Oct 1535. R. O. 571. Sir Anthony Wyndesore to Lord Lisle (age 71).
By a letter in your own hand, written on Midsummer Day last, you desired me to see Sir Edward Seymour (age 35) paid £100 at the feast of All Saints, according to the award of my Lord Chancellor and Master Secretary, and to take a statute of him. I never saw the award, and can get no knowledge how the money should be paid. I wrote to Leonard Smith what to do, but have had no answer from him yet. I beg to know your pleasure as soon as possible, for you wrote that you trusted Sir Edward Seymour would allow the £60 in part of the £100. Your audit shall begin at Kingston Lisle on the 18th Oct. I have been obliged to attend the King since he came into Hampshire, and have had no leisure to write to you or my Lady. His Grace has been in Hampshire from about the 10th Sept., and intends to be till 19th Oct., except four days that he lieth in Salisbury, and returneth to Hampshire again. He will be at Windsor on Allhallows Eve. He was at Portsmouth and Porchester, but I was not there, for I was then commanded to cause the weirs to be plucked down upon the rivers through the whole shire. The King and Queen (age 34) were very merry in Hampshire. I enclose a letter for the Purrege (Purbeck) stone sold by Gillot, and have taken account of him before Jas. Hauxhed, which I have written in the end of the letter. Est Meon, 9 Oct. Signed.
P. 1. Add.: Deputy of Calais. Endd.
Letters 1536. 18 Mar 1536. Vienna Archives. 495. Chapuys (age 46) to Granvelle.
Knows not what to add to what he has written to the Emperor, except that he has been informed that of late the King said triumphantly at a full table how the Pope, fearing the Emperor's approach to Rome, had furnished the castle of St. Angelo to withdraw into, and was raising foot soldiers for the same reason. He also said that the marquis of Guasto had killed the marquis of Villa Franca, which was a very awkward thing for the Emperor. These are all French inventions, which this King has no great difficulty in believing. You will see by the letters I write to his Majesty, the gentle device of this King to extract money on pretext of charity by means of the offerings. If it succeed, as no doubt it will, he will gain an immense sum of money, for he will impose a tax according to his will which everyone will have to offer, and not engage to do so for once but for all the other innumerable inventions that this King daily puts forward in order to get money, at which the people is terribly grieved and almost desperate, but no man dare complain. The new amours of this King with the young lady [[his sister] Jane Seymour (age 27)] of whom I have before written still go on, to the intense rage of the concubine (age 35); and the King fifteen days ago put into his chamber the young lady's brother (age 36).
London, 18 March 1535Fr., from a modern copy, pp. 2.
In Apr 1536 Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 36) and Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 39) were married. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Calendar of State Papers Spain Volume 5 Part 2 1531-1533. 01 Apr 1536. Wien, Rep. P. C., Fasc. 230, 1–4. Eustace Chapuys (age 46) to the Emperor (age 36).
Just at this moment I receive a message from the marchioness [of Dorset] (age 18)1, confirming the information I once had from Master Geliot (age 46), namely, that some days ago, the King being here in London, and, the young [his sister] Miss Seymour (age 27), to whom he is paying court at Greenwich, he sent her a purse full of sovereigns, together with a letter, and that the young damsel, to whom he is paying court, after respectfully kissing the letter, returned it to the messenger without opening it, and then falling on her knees, begged the royal messenger to entreat the King in her name to consider that she was a well-born damsel, the daughter of good and honourable parents without blame or reproach of any kind; there was no treasure in this world that she valued as much as her honour, and on no account would she lose it, even if she were to die a thousand deaths. That if the King wished to make her a present of money, she requested him to reserve it for such a time as God would be pleased to send her some advantageous marriage. (fn. n13)
The marchioness also sent me word that in consequence of this refusal the King's love for the said damsel had marvelously increased, and that he had said to her that not only did he praise and commend her virtuous behaviour on the occasion, but that in order to prove the sincerity of his love, and the honesty of his views towards her, he had resolved not to converse with her in future, except in the presence of one of her relatives, and that for this reason the King had taken away from Master Cromwell's apartments in the palace a room, to which he can, when he likes, have access through certain galleries without being seen, of which room the young lady's elder brother (age 36) and his [his wife] wife (age 39) have already taken possession for the express purpose of her repairing thither. But I hear that the young lady has been well tutored and warned by those among this King's courtiers who hate the concubine, telling her not in any wise to give in to the King's fancy unless he makes her his Queen, upon which the damsel is quite resolved. She has likewise been advised to tell the King frankly, and without reserve, how much his subjects abominate the marriage contracted with the concubine, and that not one considers it legitimate, and that this declaration ought to be made in the presence of witnesses of the titled nobility of this kingdom, who are to attest the truth of her statements should the King request them on their oath and fealty to do so. The marchioness wishes that I or some one else, on Your Majesty's part, would take this affair in hand, and certainly, if my opinion on such a point is needed, I do not hesitate to say that whoever could help in its execution would do a meritorious work, as it would prove a further security for the person of the Princess, a remedy for the heretical doctrines and practices of the concubine—the principal cause of the spread of Lutheranism in this country—as well as be the means of clearing the King from the taint of a most abominable and adulterous marriage. The Princess herself would be glad of this, even if she were eventually deprived of her rights to the English crown by the birth of male children. I shall again inform her to-day of what is going on, and, with her advice, will act in such a manner that if we cannot gain, at least we shall lose nothing by the event—London, 1 Apr. 1536.
Signed: "Eustace Chapuys."
Addressed: "To the Emperor."
French. Original. pp. Almost entirely in cipher.
Note 1. "Just now, the marquise has sent to tell me what Maître Gelyot had already affirmed to me."
Eliot? the original reads thus: "Tout a cest instaat la marquise ma envoye dire ce que desia mavoit affirme maistre gelyot."
Note 2. Namely, that in these past days, while the king was in this town and the young lady Mistress Seymour, whom he serves, was in Greenwich, he sent her a purse full of sovereigns along with a letter. And that the said young lady, after kissing the letter, returned it to the messenger without wanting to open it, and, throwing herself to her knees, she begged the said messenger to beseech the king on her behalf to consider, in his wisdom, that she was a gentlewoman descended from good and honourable parents without any reproach, and that she had no greater wealth in this world than her honour, which she would not wound for a thousand deaths, and that if he wished to give her some present of money, she begged him to do so when God would send her a good match in marriage.
"A sçavoir que ces iours passez estant ce roy en ceste ville et la demoiselle maistresse Semel, la quelle il sert, a Grynuchuitz, il lui envoya une boursse plaine de souverains ensemble une lectre, et quc la dicte demoiselle ayant baise la lectre, la retourna au messegier sans la vouloir ouvrir, et se gectant a genoulx elle supplia au diet messaigier vouloir supplier au roy de sa part vouloir considerer par su prudence quelle estoit gentil femme yssue de bons et honourables pareus sans nul reproache, et quelle navoit plus grande richesse en ce monde que son honneur, le quel pour mille mort elle ne vouldroit blesser, et que sil luy vouloit faire quelque present dargent elle luy supplioit que ce fut quant dieu lui envoyeroit quelque bon party de mariage."
Letters 1536. 01 Apr 1536. The said Marchioness (age 33) has sent to me to say that by this the King's love and desire towards the said lady [[his sister] Jane Seymour (age 27)] was wonderfully increased, and that he had said she had behaved most virtuously, and to show her that he only loved her honorably, he did not intend henceforth to speak with her except in presence of some of her kin; for which reason the King has caused Cromwell to remove from a chamber to which the King can go by certain galleries without being perceived, and has lodged there the eldest brother [Edward Seymour (age 36)] of the said lady [Jane Seymour] with his wife [[his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 39)], in order to bring thither the same young lady, who has been well taught for the most part by those intimate with the King, who hate the Concubine (age 35), that she must by no means comply with the King's wishes except by way of marriage; in which she is quite firm. She is also advised to tell the King boldly how his marriage is detested by the people, and none consider it lawful; and on the occasion when she shall bring forward the subject, there ought to be present none but titled persons, who will say the same if the King put them upon their oath of fealty. And the said Marchioness would like that I or some one else, on the part of your Majesty, should assist in the matter; and certainly it appears to me that if it succeed, it will be a great thing both for the security of the Princess and to remedy the heresies here, of which the Concubine is the cause and principal nurse, and also to pluck the King from such an abominable and more than incestuous marriage. The Princess would be very happy, even if she were excluded from her inheritance by male issue. I will consult with them again today, and on learning her opinion will consider the expedient to be taken, so that if no good be done, I may at least not do any harm. London, 1 April 1536. Fr., from a modern copy, pp. 7.
Letters 1536. 14 Apr 1536. R. O. 668. Lord Lisle (age 71) and Sir Edward Seymour (age 36). Receipt, by John Husee, of 196 oz. of gilt plate at 5s., from Roger Cotten, servant of Sir Edward Seymour, being part of £424. due to him from Sir William Hollys to the use of Viscount Lyssle, by indenture between Lyssle and Hollis, dated April 1. 14 April 27 Henry VIII. Hol., p. 1.
Letters 1536. 21 Apr 1536. Vienna Archives. 699. Chapuys (age 46) to Charles V.
Perceiving by this conversation that the King's affection was not sincere, I did not enter further into business, but only asked him if the king of France were to break or attempt to break any other article touching the duke of Gueldres or other matters, whether he would not aid your Majesty according to the treaties. He replied that, so far as he found himself bound, he would acquit himself better than several others had done towards him; and as to the rest, in which he was not bound, he would give satisfaction as occasion was given to him. Returning to the subject of the war against the duke of Savoy, he wished me to understand, notwithstanding that I had told him what you had written to me, that the said war was not against the will of your Majesty, and also that the duke of Savoy had lately offered to come to the court of France, "sur quoy ne resta a luy donner assez raisons a lopposite." After this he called the Chancellor and Cromwell, and made me repeat before them what I had said to him, which I did succinctly, without interruption from him or the others. After which they talked together, while I conversed and made some acquaintance with the brother (age 36) of the young lady [[his sister] Jane Seymour (age 27)] to whom the King is now attached, always keeping an eye upon the gestures of the King and those with him. There seemed to be some dispute and considerable anger, as I thought, between the King and Cromwell; and after a considerable time Cromwell grumbling (recomplant (?) et grondissant) left the conference in the window where the King was, excusing himself that he was so very thirsty (altere) that he was quite exhausted, as he really was with pure vexation (de pur enuyt), and sat down upon a coffer out of sight of the King, where he sent for something to drink. Shortly afterwards the King came out of the conclave, I know not whether to come near me, or to see where Cromwell was. He told me that the matters proposed were so important that without having my propositions in writing he could not communicate them to his Council or make me any reply. I told him that I was not forbidden to do so, but I could not venture, for several reasons, and I thought it a new thing, seeing that hitherto he had not asked anything of me by way of writing, and had never found me variable or vacillating, either now or before, and that I had learned from his ambassadors whom he sent to Bologna to your Majesty to make such refusal, although they had not such good reason for it as I; also I had taken example of Cromwell, who had never given me anything in writing; and if he wished such writing to be assured that there was no dissimulation on your Majesty's part, I would offer my ears, which I would give far more unwillingly than all the writings in the world, if there should be any deceit on the side of your Majesty;—with which conversation, as Cromwell told me afterwards, the King was far better assured than before, taking this offer in good part. Nevertheless, he insisted wonderfully on having the said writing, and said several times very obstinately that he would give no reply. Nevertheless, he did reply, confusedly and in anger, to the following effect:—(1.) The affair of the Pope did not concern your Majesty, if you did not wish to meddle with it to vindicate your authority over the whole world, and if he wished to treat with His Holiness he has means and friends without needing your intercession. (2.) Concerning the Princess she was his daughter, and he would treat her according as she obeyed him or not, and no one else had a right to interfere. (3.) As to the subvention against the Turk, it was necessary first to re-establish old friendship before putting people to expense. (4.) As to the fourth, which was most urgent, and which I have chiefly pressed, he said he would not violate any promise he has made, or refuse the friendship of any one who desired it, provided it was such as was becoming, but that he was no longer a child, and that they must not give him the stick, and then caress him, appealing to him and begging him. In saying this, to show how he was experienced in business, he began playing with his fingers on his knees, and doing as if he were calling a child to pacify it, [and said] that before asking an injured person for favor and aid it was necessary to acknowledge old favors. And on my saying that we had been so long treating of this re-establishment, and I had pressed for an overture of what he wished to be done, but to no purpose, he answered that it was not for him to make an overture, but for those who sought him. I replied that if he who was hurt did not show his wound it was impossible to heal it. He then said he wished your Majesty would write to him, [desiring] that if there had been in the past any ingratitude or error on your part towards him, he would forget it, [and] requesting him to show that the root of old amity is not disturbed. I told him this was not reasonable, and he moderated the proposal, suggesting that you should request him not to speak any more of the past. I said no other letter was needed, because I asked it of him in the name of your Majesty; but he persisted that he must have letters, and it was no use reminding him of what he has several times said to me before, that delay is the ruin of all good works.
Letters 1536. Titus, B. I. 444. B. M. 871. Cromwell's Remembrances.
"First for answer to be made to my lord Lyzle and letters to be written for the expelling of the Emperor's subjects." For answer to the Emperor's ambassador.
Bills be signed for Pylston, Leson, Starkey, my Lord of Sussex, and Robinson, for Bothombar. Folgeambys warrant to be signed. Letters to be written into Ireland, for a motion to be made in the Parliament for the King's great charges. Bills to be signed for Mr. Cofferer and Sir Thomas Wharton. A remembrance that all Mr. Nores' (age 54) patents may be searched out. To remember the Bishop of Llandaff's deliverance; the jewel; Besse Darell; Henry Knyvette's letters to Mr. Weston, and to young Weston's wife; Henry Knyvette's bills for the offices and the annuity. For the things that shall be done in the Parliament. An Act for the attainder of those that be perjured in Yorkshire. To remember the jury in Devonshire; my lady Guldeforde; Dotton and Done for Delamer; Sir Edward Seymour (age 36); to call for the evidence of the house at Keyew for my [his sister] lady Seymour (age 27); the master of the horse; John Parker for the lands of Fulham; Dr. Tregonnell; the Charterhouse in London.
The demesnes of the Holte Castle with the weyr Houke and other pasture in Bromfeld is worth, a year, £19 17s. 9d. The horsemill and the town of the Holte, 33s. 4d. The stewardship of Bromfeld and Yale, £20 The receivership there, £13 6s. 8d. The master forestership, £3 The office of serjeant of peace, £4 The office of improver, 60s. 10d. The keepership of Marsheley Park, 60s. 10d.
Tregyan, £700 Dudeley, £700 Jenney, £666 13s. 4d.—£400 John Williams, £300 The prior of Winchester, £400—£200 Dr. Leyton, £100 —£200 Arthur Darcy, £100 Sir Edward Seymour, £300—200 mks. Sir John Gage, £200—£666 13s. Sir William Gascoyne, £4000 Sir William Berkley, £120.
Sir John Russell, £100 Thomas Wyatt, £100 Karew, Souche, and Rogers, £60 The grower, £40 The Abbot of the Vale Ryall, £200 The prior of Gisborowe, £100 Nicholas Statham, £100 Lady Lucy's executors, £20 Thomas Broke, £100 Pylston, £60 Sir Francis Bygod, £50 Delivered to my Lady Mary, £20 The King's attorney, £66 13s. 4d. Pp. 4. Mostly in Cromwell's hand.
Note 1. The names in this paragraph are written by Cromwell in a column with a certain sum opposite each name in another column to the left, which in most cases is the same as the sum written after the name. Where two amounts are given in this abstract the second is the sum in the left-hand column.
Letters 1536. 18 May. Vienna Archives. 901. Chapuys (age 46) to Antoine Perrenot.
As I hear that letters from England are opened at Calais, you will have more trouble in deciphering several things which but for this might be written clear. I have no news to add to what I write to His Majesty, except to tell you something of the quality of the King's new lady [[his sister] Jane Seymour (age 27)], which the Emperor and Granvelle would perhaps like to hear. She is sister of one Edward Semel (age 36), "qua este a sa majesty," of middle stature and no great beauty, so fair that one would call her rather pale than otherwise. She is over twnty-five years old. I leave you to judge whether, being English and having long frequented the Court, "si elle ne tiendroit pas a conscience de navoir pourveu et prevenu de savoir que cest de faire noces1." Perhaps this King will only be too glad to be so far relieved from trouble. Also, according to the account given of him by the Concubine (age 35), he has neither vigour nor virtue; and besides he may make a condition in the marriage that she be a virgin, and when he has a mind to divorce her he will find enough of witnesses. The said Semel [Jane Seymour] is not a woman of great wit, but she may have good understanding (un bel enigm, qu. engin?). It is said she inclines to be proud and haughty. She bears great love and reverence to the Princess. I know not if honors will make her change hereafter. The news you wrote on the 22nd ult. touching Haurain2 and the Sophi are very good, and I pray God your wish may be accomplished towards those who are in grief. London, 18 May 1536.Fr., from a modern copy, pp. 2.
Note 1. if she would not be aware of not having provided and warned to know that it is to make a wedding
Note 2. Ibrahim Pacha?
Letters 1536. Jun 1536. June. Grants.
4. Sir Edward Sainctmayr (age 36) (Seymour). Patent of creation as Viscount Beauchamp, with 20 marks a year. —S.B. Del. Terling, 5 June 28 Henry VIII. Pat. p. 3, m. 26.
5. Sir Edward Seymour, Viscount Beauchamp. Grant of the manors of Brodeton, Sherston, and Ambresburye, Wilts, and the hundreds of Ambresburye, Wynterbourne, and Alleworthbury, Wilts, and all lands, &c. in those places belonging to the said manors and hundreds; to hold to the said Edward and the heirs male of his body by dame Anne his wife, with remainder. Westm., 6 June 28 Henry VIII. Del. 7 June. —P.S. Pat. p. 3, m. 9.
6. Sir Edward Seymer, Viscount Beauchamp. Grant in tail male of the site, ground, &c. of the late priory of Holy Trinity, Eston, Wilts, dissolved by parliament; and all messuages, &c., within the circuit; the manors of Eston, Froxfeld, and Grafton, Wilts, the rectories of the parish churches of Estonne, Froxfeld, Stapleford, and Tydcombe, and the advowsons of the churches and vicarages thereof, the manors, messuages, &c. in the vills, parishes, and hamlets of Eston, Froxfelde, Stapleford, Tydcombe, and Grafton, Milton, Wyke, and Puttale, and elsewhere in said co., lately belonging to the said priory, as enjoyed by Henry Bryan, late prior, in right of the said priory on the 4 Feb. last, which came into the King's hands by virtue of the Act 27 Henry VIII. Also the manor of Corseley, Wilts, parcel of the lands of the late priory of Studley, Oxon, dissolved by parliament; and all messuages, &c. thereto belonging in Corseley; in the same manner as Mary Baynbrig, the late prioress, held the same. Also the manor of Monketon, Wilts, parcel of the lands of the late priory of Farleygh, Wilts, dissolved by parliament; and all messuages, lands, &c. of the said late priory in Monketon, in the same manner as Lewis Breknok alias Millen, prior, held the same on the 4 Feb. last. Also all messuages, lands, &c. in Tudworth, Wilts, parcel of the lands of the late priory of Mayden Bardley, Wilts, now dissolved by the said Act, in the same manner as Richard Jenyns the prior held the same on the 4 Feb. last; with all court leets, views of frankpledge, &c. in the above possessions.
2. Also grant in tail male to the said Edward and dame Anne his wife, of the manors of Barwyk, Basset, Richardston, Langden, Mydgehall, Studley, and Costowe, Wilts; parcel of the lands late of the abbey of Stanley, Wilts; and all messuages, lands, &c. in those places, as fully as Th. Calne alias Morley the abbot held the same on the 4 Feb. last; the site, ground, &c. of the late priory of Farlegh, Wilts; the church, bell tower, and churchyard of the same priory; all messuages, &c. within and without the enclosure and circuit of the said late priory; and the manors of Farlegh, Chippenham, Thornehill, and Brome, Wilts; and the advowson of the parish church of Farlegh, and all messuages, lands, &c. of the said late priory in Farlegh, Chippenham Thornehill, and Brome, as fully as the said Lewis Breknok enjoyed the same on the 4 Feb. last. Also the manors of Erchefounte and Alcanings, Wilts; parcel of the lands of the late abbey of St. Mary, Winchester, likewise dissolved; the rectory of the parish church of Erchefounte and the advowson of the parish church of Alcanings, and the advowsons of the churches of Erchefount and Alcanings, and all messuages, lands, &c., in those places, parcel of the said late abbey, as fully as Eliz. Shelley the abbess held the same on the 4 Feb. last; with all views of frankpledge, court leets, &c. in the above possessions.
To hold the possessions in the 1st paragraph to the said Edward and the heirs male of his body by the said dame [his wife] Anne (age 39); with remainder to the heirs male of his body by future wife, at the rent of £7 16s. 2d.; and those in the second paragraph to the said Edward and Anne and heirs male of the body of the said Edward by the said Anne; with remainder in default of such issue to the heirs male of the body of the said Edward by any future wife; with remainder in default of such issue to the heirs female of the said Edward, at rent £34 16d. Westm., 6 June 28 Henry VIII. Del. 7 June.—P.S. Pat. p. 3, m. 5.
Letters 1536. Jun 1536. Vesp. F. xiii. 112. B. M. R. O. 1263. John Baptist Boroni to —.
Requests him to pay for him a bill of £6 2s. 8d., comprising a white feather for Mr. Semer (age 36), 20d.; 20 pieces of edge for lady Semer, weighing 17s., the fashion 10s.; 2 brooches, weighing 8 cr., lacking 5 groats, and 15s. for the fashion, 51s.; and 4 boxes of comfets, weighing 16 lb., 16s. The parcels were delivered 20 Dec. and 20 March.
Letters 1536. 04 Jun 1536. R. O. 1058. J. Husee to Lord Lisle (age 72).
Mr. Russell delivered your letter to the King in Mr. Secretary's presence, and declared your mind concerning the contents. Mr. Secretary was commanded to open and read the letter, and afterwards communed with the King a pretty space. I have since spoken with Mr. Secretary, urging him to keep you in remembrance, which he says he has done. He promises to show me more of his mind in three days, so by tomorrow or Tuesday I hope to know what he will say thereto. Undoubtedly he can do much good if he will be earnest as your friend. I wish his wine were had in remembrance. I wish your Lordship had Bewley, but I think it would be time lost to sue for it. If you would name one or two in Hampshire or Wiltshire, I have no fear but the King would soon know your mind. St. Mary's in Winchester, I am told, unless great friendship stay it, is like to be of the number. I am told Waberley is a pretty thing. I think your suit will not be frustrate if you let me know your mind and write to Hennage. Your counsel wish the proviso not to be spoken of. I will not forget Mr. Page for your nag. I have bought for my lady 14 yds. Lukes velvet; Skut will have no less. I hope she will have it before Corpus Christi Day [15 June]. I have also bought your Lordship ½ cwt. of ling and 1 cwt. haberdeyn. I have received £60 that Mr. Seymour (age 36) paid Mr. Wynsor, and have paid the parson of St. Martin's, your grocer and chandler, my lady's velvet, and the fish, in what manner I will write by him that brings my lady's gown. I send you by bearer a satin undercap, with two linings. By Fyssher I sent you two pair of hosen with your proxy, which I look for every day, with an answer to such letters as I sent by him. Mr. Treasurer (age 46) promises to move the King in Snowden's behalf. Mr. Whethill knelt before the King yesterday, I think for the same matter. I moved Mr. Treasurer for my check, showing that I was here on your affairs, and stood in continual danger of my wages by the Act; but he said your Lordship could protect me. Please write to Mr. Treasurer to write to the Controller and Treasurer there about it. I have been asked by one or two for money on your Lordship's behalf for the King's subsidy. Vycars, your late servant, begs you to write a letter to his father declaring the cause of his departure, else his father will never take him for his son. London, 4 June. Hol., pp. 2. Add.
On 05 Jun 1536 Edward Seymour (age 36) was created 1st Viscount Beauchamp. See Letter 1074 and Letter 1075.
Letters 1536. May 1536. Add. MS. 9835, f. 22. B. M. R.O. 1017. Garter to [Cromwell].
The King has concluded that Mr. Seymour (age 36), with whom I have spoken, shall be named Viscount Beauchamp. Hol., p. 1. Endd.
Letters 1536. 06 Jun 1536. R. O. 1075. John Husee to Lady Lisle (age 42).
I have your three sundry letters. I can hear nothing of the liveries you sent to John Davy. I think one of Mr. Marshall's servants has the conveyance of them, but Mr. Degory's livery I have delivered to Mr. Chichester. I am glad the gentlewoman has arrived. The bowls, I assure you, cost no farthing less, and if you like them not the poor man that made them will take them back. Mine host hopes you will appoint him some venison; but one thing you may be sure of, "that my hostess is the honest man." As for Antony Husee's wife's cushion, I shall do as your Ladyship shall command me. I am much bound for the pains you have taken about my check. When I deliver my Lord's letter to Mr. Hennage I will move the preferment of your daughter to the Queen, which I hope will be easily obtained. It might be well to send lord Dawbny a piece of wine, but Mr. Sulyard must not be forgotten. The [his sister] Queen's (age 27) brother (age 36) was this day created Viscount Beauchamp. Mr. Tayler sends commendations. It was reported here that Mr. Rockwood was dead. Your gown shall be made with all speed. London, 6 June.
Cranewell, Harwod, and Myller desire you to remember their liveries.
Hol., pp. 2. Add.
Letters 1536. 06 Jun 1536. The King had said to me before with great protestations that it was not by way of reproach, and he begged me not to inform you about it if I did not think it for the benefit of affairs; that, because the promise formerly made to him to continue the war against the king of France, even to the privation of the Crown, had not been kept, he feared that when they came to treat it would be the same thing again. But I satisfied him on this point by several reasons.
On my leaving the King he called several of his Council who were there in the chamber, and repeated to them our communications. Meanwhile I went to talk with this Queen's brother [Edward Seymour (age 36)], whom I left very well informed of the great good it would be, not only to the Queen his sister and all their kin, but also to the realm and all Christendom likewise, if the Princess were restored to her rights; and I am sure he will use his good offices therein. The Duke of Norfolk (age 63) afterwards, leaving, told me that I should see without being told that the King his master had no need of Chancellor or Council to make his replies and take his determinations, for he did all his business himself. I afterwards spoke to Cromwell, reporting the brusque words the King had used to me, but excusing him because he had already taken upon himself the office of an arbiter, who to bring the parties to an agreement imputes blame to both. Cromwell replied that I had spoken truly, and he thought it a great advantage that I understood the nature and artifice of the King his master, and that he could assure me all would go well; and he prayed God that during these interludes your Majesty's army might make notable progress, and that if the Princess were restored, which he hoped would be by Saturday next, all the rest could be easily settled; and that the Queen, after leaving me, had spoken to the King as warmly as possible in favor of the Princess, putting before him the greatness and goodness of all her kindred. Cromwell would advise your Majesty to write a rather long letter to the King about the injuries done you by the king of France, your efforts for peace, the expences you have incurred, and offering still to accept a sure and honorable peace, especially for the King's sake; and that you might send me the conditions apart if you did not think proper to write them to the King, among which conditions Cromwell presupposes would be the demand for Burgundy.
Letters 1536. 06 Jun 1536. R. O. 1074. J. Husee to Lord Lisle (age 72).
I have received your letters of the 2nd and 3rd June. In answer to the first, touching Sir Richard Whethill, Mr. Prysley this night delivered him your letter, and declared your pleasure, to which he only hummed and hawed, but at last said he had made many friends; so that apparently he means to persevere in his malicious suit. Mr. Prisley, however, still hopes he will take further advisement. The negligence about your Lordship's hosen was owing to my bedfellow Fyssher, who would not suffer me to send them by any other than himself. He deserves to sit three days in the stocks for it, but it rests with your Lordship to qualify the punishment. As for the parson of St. Martin's, I stayed 40s. in my hands for the tenth, before your Lordship's letter came to hand. As to your other letter I shall deliver Mr. Hennage your Lordship's letter, and motion him of my lady's daughter. As to the nomination of an abbey, I wrote by Petley, and will make further search. When I have set these matters in frame I will follow your affairs in Hampshire. The proxy I shall deliver the second day of the Parliament, as the custom is. Snowden is a diligent waiter, but Mr. Treasurer (age 46) has not yet motioned the King in his cause. I hope he will be earnest when he begins. As for the Marsh, though the matter has been taken by Water's information not after the true meaning, Mr. Secretary says the letter I send with this is wholly the King's pleasure, and will satisfy you. Wriothesley had this letter five days, and never told me till today at Court, but delivered it to me this night at Stepney. Mr. Secretary was not a little displeased at this, but in truth Wriothesley favored the party, or he would not have kept it. If you send lord Dawbny a piece of wine it would do no harm. As to my check, your Lordship's letter to Mr. Treasurer will ease it. I will certify Mrs. Medcalff of your pleasure touching Lyssle: You will receive a letter of the King's for Peretrey's pardon along with this other letter of the King's sent herewith. Remember Mr. Secretary's wine. I cannot yet know what answer the King made him touching your suit. The [his sister] Queen's (age 27) brother (age 36) is today created Viscount Beauchamp. London, 6 June.
Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
Letters 1536. 08 Jun 1536. Statute Roll. 1087. Parliament.
Begun at Westminster 8 June 28 Henry VIII., Acts concerning:—
1. The attainder of Thomas Fitzgerald and his five uncles [c. 18].
2. Assurance of the manor of Southwark to the King [c. 19].
3. Jointure of Dame Grace, wife of Sir Henry Parker, son and heir to Henry lord Morley [c. 20].
4. Exchange between the King and the prior of St. Johns [c. 21].
5. Lands belonging to the earldom of Warwick [c. 22].
6. Pension to Robert Shurborn late Bishop of Chichester [c. 23].
7. Attainder of lord Thomas Howard [c. 24].
8. Assurance of lands to Viscount Beauchamp (age 36) [c. 25].
9. Assurance of lands in Kew to Viscount Beauchamp and [his wife] lady Anne (age 39) his wife [c. 26].
10. Church of Elsingspittle to be the parish church of St. Alphes, Cripplegate [c. 27].
11. Moiety of Ricard's Castle assured to John Onley [c. 28].
12. Exchange with the Abbot of Westminster for Covent Garden [c. 29].
13. Purchase of Stanton Barry from Thomas Pope [c. 30].
14. Enlargement of St. Margaret's churchyard, Southwark [c. 31].
15. Lands at Westminster conveyed to the King by the churchwardens of St. Martin's and St. Margaret's [c. 32].
16. Durham Place conveyed to the King by exchange [c. 33].
17. Baynard's Castle assured to the Duke of Richmond (age 16) [c. 34].
18. Exchange with lord Sandes [c. 35].
19. Award between Sir Adrian Fortescue and Sir Walter Stoner [c. 36].
20. Jointure of Dorothy, daughter to the Earl of Huntingdon, to be married to Richard Devereux, son of lord Ferrers [c. 37].
20a. Assurance of Paris Garden, &c. to the Queen [c. 38].
21. Earldom of March [c. 39].
22. Lands assured to Edward North [c. 40].
23. Manor of Birmingham assured to the King [c. 41].
24. Exchange with the Abbot of Abingdon [c. 42].
25. Lands assured to Thomas Jermyn [c. 43].
26. Manor of Haselyngfeld assured to the Charter House [c. 44].
27. The [his sister] Queen's (age 27) jointure [c. 45].
28. Lands assured to Thomas Hatclyff, clerk of the Green Cloth [c. 46].
29. Lands assured to John Gostwyke [c. 47].
30. Concerning a marriage to be had between Lord Bulbeke (age 20), son and heir apparent to the Earl of Oxford (age 65), and Dorothy, eldest daughter of the Earl of Westmoreland (age 38) [c. 48].
31. Exchange of Covent Garden with the abbot and convent of Westmoreland [c. 49].
32. Exchange between the King, the archbishop of Canterbury, and Cromwell (Wimbledon, Mortlake, &c.) [c. 50].
33. Jointure of Catharine Duchess of Suffolk (age 17) [c. 51].
34. Lands of Lord Rochford (deceased), Norris (deceased), and others [c. 52].
35. Benefit of clergy restricted [c. 1].
36. Against servants embezzling [c. 2].
37. Power to allot townships in Wales [c. 3].
38. Repeal of statute for dowlas and lokerams [c. 4].
39. For prentices [c. 5].
40. For continuing the Statute of Beggars and other Acts [c. 6].
41. The Succession [c. 7].
42. For continuing statutes against exportation of copper, &c. [c. 8].
43. For continuing statutes against perjury and others [c. 9].
44. For extinguishing the authority of the Bishop of Rome [c. 10].
45. For restitution of first-fruits during vacancies to next incumbent [c. 11].
46. Declaring the limits of the King's palace of Westminster [c. 12].
47. Against non-residence of spiritual persons [c. 13].
48. Prices of wines [c. 14].
49. Punishment of pirates [c. 15].
50. Dispensations from Rome [c. 16].
51. The King's successors when 24 years of age to have power to annul Acts of Parliament made during their minority [c. 51].
Letters 1536. 20 Jun 1536. R. O. 1171. "Obligations." A list of bonds owing by different persons, the latest in date being 20 June 28 Henry VIII. The first is dated 14 Jan. 26 Henry VIII., and falls due at Christmas 1536. The names are as follows: Nicholas Stathame, Sir John Gage, Edmund Lynney, John Adams and Thomas Dethike, Thomas Cornewall, John Clifforde, Thomas Adington, John Watson, brewer, William Barlow, rector of Cressyngham, Richard Parker, cook, Raynolde Vaughan, Robert Sharpe, John Hughes, John Chekyn, Chr. à Lye, William Simondes, John Gate, clerk, Chr. Coo, John Harwood, Humfrey Farrar, Edward Leighton, clk., Robert Bolles, Thomas Tong, herald, Edward Leyton, priest, William Dod, Perpoint Donaunter, Sir John Russell, the Bishop of Winchester, Richard Long, Chr. Bendolos, Sir Edward Baynton (age 44), Alan Hawte, Chas. Knevett, Thomas Somer, stockfishmonger, William Dod, Robert Carter, and Thomas Tanner, of Oxford. Ant. Knyvett, Thomas Leyton, gent, William Houynes, and Richard Couper, Sir John Wallop, Florencius Volusenus, John Aylman, Sir John Seyntloo, Robert Sharparowe, and Robert Harding. The prior of St. Sepulchre, Warwick, Chr. Halles, Sir John Dudley, the prior of Lenton, Sir Francis Bigott, Thomas Wyat, the mayor of Oxford, John Tregian, Chr. Jenney, the prior of St. Swithins, George and Nicholas Gifforde, George Carrowe, Edward Rogers and John Zouche, Sir Arthur Darcy, Sir Edward Seymer (age 36), Richard Atzell, Sir Francis Brian, and Sir Richard Bulkeley.
Pp. 11.
Letters 1536. 24 Jun 1536. R. O. 1193. John Husee to Lady Lisle (age 42).
Has this day received her letter by Corbet, and with it £4, which he has delivered to Basset, "who is now, lauded be God, merry and in good health at Lincoln's Inn." This will pay all his debts and what he has borrowed for his commons. "And it is not to be doubted but he will be husband good enough, for he is both discreet, sober, and wise, and not too liberal in spending." Can keep nothing secret from her ladyship. Finds that Basset has not been half so well treated as he was at Mr. Danastre's, "but hath been grontyd and grudgid at, and laid in a worse lodging than he was wont to be." Finds he has no mind to return thither "by reason of a dunne cowe that is in the house, by whom he hath had five or six calves, so that she thought all too much that was set before him, and would have Mr. Danastre spare for to bring up her calves. God send them good weaning! But I had little thought Mr. Danastre had been a man of so vile and dissimuling a nature," else he should not have been so fat fed. Hopes to get "him" (Basset) an honest lodging within seven miles of London against the vacation, but Mr. Skerne and his wife have shown themselves at all times to be one manner of people. Will learn of my lady Sarum the [his sister] Queen's (age 27) pleasure about your coming over to the coronation. Will do all he can about Hide for my lord and my lady's profit. As to your ladyship's daughter, you will receive herewith my lord Montague's letter showing both my lady's and his meaning. My lord said the Queen had appointed all her maidens already, and that on the next vacancy he would get my lady to do her best for your daughter's preferment. This was all his answer. Mentioned the matter to Lady Rutland (age 41), Mrs. Margery, and Mrs. Arundell, but is sure no one moved it except lady Sarum and Mr. Hennage. Did not press Lord Beauchamp (age 36), who would scarce give him a hearing. Will show Mr. Hennage that Mrs. Catharine is of sufficient age. Will work by Mrs. Margery's counsel and Mrs. Goldyng's if he find her friendly. Is sorry Skutt has disappointed her about her gown. He promised repeatedly it should be made like the Queen's gowns. Is sure the "velot" (velvet) will be found satisfactory. God have mercy on Mr. Norres's (deceased) soul! for my lord may say he lost a friend. Hopes, however, his new friends will be good at length. Begs that William Sendy, Lady Lisle's man, may have the profits of making the passports. Has delivered the hogshead for lord Daubeney to Thomas Seller, who has cellared it till he know my lord's pleasure. Has written to lord Daubeney about it, and about the quails sent by my lady, which were given to his friends as he was so far off. Seller said he would undertake to redeem Bekonholt Wood for £40, or that if you would write to Mr. Hatche that my lord Dawbny should do his pleasure with Waram Wood, Bekonholt might be allowed to stand without money. Geofford is in town. Will speak with him in the morning. London, 24 June.
If her ladyship would send the Queen her bird and her dog, thinks they would be well received. Hol., pp. 4. Add.
Letters 1536. 26 Jun 1536. R. O. 1208. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 72).
I have with much difficulty and many delations recovered "out of Mr. Hoollys (?) hands" the band in which Mr. Skryven was bound to him. The Viscount Beauchamp, now Lord Privy Seal1, hath stayed it till now, saying that he never did hitherto overread his writings. God keep all true meaners out of their danger!" I enclose the said band, which please to re-deliver to Mr. Skryven with hearty thanks. I have little comfort yet of your suit; your advocates are thick of hearing, yet I look daily for your Lordship's answer. If Mr. Treasurer be not content with my deputy at Oy Search, let another be put in. Please tell me if the controller and vicetreasurer are satisfied with Mr. Treasurer's letter for my check; if not, I would they had room and all. London, 26 June. Hol., p. 1. Add.
Note 1. The earl of Wiltshire (age 59) was appointed Lord Privy Seal 24 Jan. 1530, quamdiu Regi placuerit, and held the office till 24 June 1536. The writer was mistaken, however, in supposing that Lord Beauchamp (age 36) was appointed in his place. Cromwell was his successor, but was not formally, appointed till 2 July.—Rym. xiv. 571.
Hall's Chronicle 1537. 1537. Also, this yere the Viscount Beauchamp (age 37) was created erle of Hertford and Sir William Fitzwilliam (age 47) High Admiral created Earle of Southampton.
On 12 Oct 1537 [his son] Edward Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 37) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 40).
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1536. 15 Oct 1537. This yeare, the 25thd daie of October, being Moundaie, the Prince was christened in the Kinges chappell at Hampton Court, the Archbishopp of Canterberie (age 48) and the Duke of Norfoike (age 64) godfathers at the font, and my Ladie Maries grace (age 21), the Kinges daughter by Queene Katherin, godmotherb, and the Duke of Suffolke, godfather at the confirmation, the Princes name being Edwarde, proclaymed after his christning by the King of Haroldesa, "Edward, sonne and heire to the King of Englande, Duke of Cornewall, and Earle of Chester." The goodlie solempnitie of the lordes and ladies done at the christning was a goodlie sight to behoulde, everie one after their office and degree; the Ladie Elizabeth (age 4), the Kinges daughter, bearing the chrisome on her breast, the Viscoumpt Beauchampe (age 37), brother to the Queeneb, bearing her in his armes, the Earle of Essex (age 52) bearing the salte, the Ladie Marques of Exceter (age 34) bearing the Prince to the church and home againe, the Duke of Norfolke staying his head, as she bare him, and the Duke of Suffolke (age 53) at his feete.
Note d. Evidently a clerical error for the 15th, which was Monday, whereas the 25th would haye been Thursday.
Note e. It is cnrions to note the incongruity of the sponsors: these were Archbishop Cranmer, the head of the Protestant Reformers, the Duke of Norfolk, leader of the lay Catholics, and the Princess Mary, a bigoted Catholic, who had been bastardised by her father.
Note a. Thomas Hawley, Clarencieux King-at-Arms.
Note b. Edward Seymour, elder brother of Queen Jane, and so brother-in-law of Henry VIII was created Viscount Beauchomp, of Hache, co. Somerset, 5th June, 1536. He was lineally descended from Sir Roger Seymour (temp. Edward III.) who married Cicely, sister and eldest coheir of John de Beauchamp, last Baron Beauchamp.
On 15 Oct 1537 the future Edward VI was christened by Bishop John Stokesley (age 62) at the Chapel Royal in Hampton Court Palace [Map]. Archbishop Thomas Cranmer (age 48) performed the Baptismal Rites, and was appointed Godfather. Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 64) and Queen Mary I of England and Ireland (age 21) were Godparents.
King Edward VI of England and Ireland was created Duke of Cornwall, 1st Earl Chester.
Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu carried the Salt. Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) was Godfather and supported the Marchioness of Exeter. Richard Long (age 43) was knighted. Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Essex (age 52), Philip Boteler (age 45), John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford (age 66) and John Gage (age 57) attended. Mary Scrope (age 61) carried Lady Mary's train. Robert Radclyffe 1st Earl of Sussex (age 54) carried a covered basin. Robert Radclyffe 1st Earl of Sussex carried the canopy.
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 37) helped his young niece the future Elizabeth I to carry the Crisom. Henry Courtenay 1st Marquess Exeter (age 41) supported his wife Gertrude Blount Marchioness of Exeter (age 34) to carry the child. Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 60) bore a taper of virgin wax. William Fitzalan 18th Earl of Arundel (age 61) carried the train of the Prince's robe. Christopher Barker proclaimed the Prince's titles.
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset was created 1st Earl Hertford.
Nicholas Carew (age 41), Francis Bryan (age 47), Anthony Browne (age 37) and John Russell 1st Earl Bedford (age 52) surrounded the font.
Henry Knyvet of Charlton Wiltshire (age 27), Edward Neville (age 66), [his brother] Thomas Seymour 1st Baron Seymour (age 29), Richard Long and John Wallop (age 47) carried the canopy.
Arthur Hopton (age 48), Bishop Robert Parfew aka Warton and Bishop John Bell attended.
William Fitzwilliam 1st Earl of Southampton (age 47) was created 1st Earl of Southampton. Mabel Clifford Countess Southampton (age 55) by marriage Countess of Southampton.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1536. 18 Oct 1837. Also, on Saint Lukes daiec, being Thursdaie, the Prince was proclaymed at the court "Edward, sonne and heire to King Henrie the Eight, Prince of Wales, Duke of Comewall, and Earle of Chesterd." Also the King made that daie tow earles and six knightes, that is to saie: Mr. Fittes Williams, Lord Admirall and Vice-Treasorer, was made Earle of Hamptone, and the Queenes brother, Viscount Beawchamp, was made Earle of Hertfordef and Mr. Powlett was made Vice-Treasorer,a and Sir John Russell, Controler of the Kinges howse, Mr. Henageb, Mr. Longc, and Mr. Knevett of the Kinges Privie Chamber, knightes, and Mr. Coffin, and Mr. Listred, knightes and [his brother] Mr. Semere, the Queenes brother, knight..
Note c. October 18th.
Note d. This passage would seem to countenance the common account that the infant prince was almost immediately invested with these titles, whereas he himself tells us in his journal that he was only about to be created so when his father died, in which he is confirmed by Burnet, who says that Edward was called Prince of Wales, as the heirs to this crown are, yet he was not invested with that dignity by a formal creation.
Note e. William Fitzwilliam, descended from the ancestor of the present Earl Fitswilliam, was created Earl of Southampton, October 18th, 1537.
Note f. By which title he is known until the accession, in 1547, of his nephew Edward VI. when he was created Duke of Somerset, and was made Lord Protector of the Kingdom.
Note a. Sir William Poulet, Comptroller of the Household, was made Treasurer of the Household in 1587, when the Comptrollership was conferred on Sir John Russell, Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, who eventually became first Earl of Bedford.
Note b. Thomas Hennage.
Note c. Richard Long, Master of the Buckhonnds.
Note d. Richard Lister, Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
Note e. The Queen's younger brother, Thomas Seymour.
In 1538 [his daughter] Anne Seymour Countess of Warwick was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 38) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 41).
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1538. 22 May 1538. Also the 22th daie of Maie, being Wednesdaie this same yeare, the said Friar Forrest was drawen from Newgate to the place of execution in Smythfielde, where was a noble sermon made by the Bishopp of Worcestre (age 51), afore writton, to have drawen the said Friar Forrest from his opinions; but he, obstinatlie standing still and stiffe in his opininons, and beinge asked by the said bishopp in what state he would die, he openlie declaring their with a lowde voyce to the Bishopp as followeth: That if an angell should come downe from heaven and shew him any other thing then that he had beleeved all his liffe tyme past he would not beleeve him, and that if his bodie should be cutt joynt after joynt or membre after membre, brent, hanged, or what paine soever might de donne to his bodie, he wold neaver turne from his old sect of this Bishopp of Rome; and also seaven yeare agone hea durst not have made such a sermon for his lief. And then after this, being a false traitor to his Praynce, an hereticke, and a seditious person to the Kinges leighe people, was had to the place of executionb and their hanged about the middle in chains of iron on a paire of gallowes alive, a great fire made under him and about him, and so was burned for his said heresie and treason.
Also their was brent with him an idollc that was brought out of Gidarne was North Wales, which idoll was of woode like a man of armes in his armes in his harneies having a litle speare in his hande and a caskett of iron about his necke hanging with a ribond, the which people of North Walles honored as a sainct. The name of the idoll was called in Walch Darvell Gadarn.d Present at this execution were the Duke of Norfolke (age 65), the Duke of Suffolke (age 54), the Erle of Sussex (age 31), the Earle of Hartford (age 38) being Vicount Beawchampe, the Bishoppe of London, with other of the Kinges Counsell, the Major (age 53)e of London, with the most part of the aldermen and shrives, and, as I thinke, tenne thousand persons and more; also the place of execution where the gallowes and fire was made was railed round about; and their was a skaffold made to sett the pulpitt on where the preacher stoode, and an other against itt where the friar stoode all the sermon tyme, and a long skaffold next to Sainct Bartholomewes spittell gate, where the Lordes of the Privie Counsell sate with the major and aldermen and other gentlemen and commons of the cittie.
Note a. Bishop Latimer.
Note b. Compare this with the account of the burning of Friar Forest in Harleian MS. 530, f. 120.
Note c. The Welshmen had a prophesy that this image should set a whole forest a fire, which prophesie now toke effect, for it set this Frier Forest on fyre, and consumed him to nothing. Hall, p 826.
Note d. Usually written Darvell or David Gatheren.
Note e. Sir Richard Gresham.
In 1539 Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire [Map] was dissolved. Its lands were granted to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 39).
On 22 May 1539 [his son] Edward Seymour 1st Earl Hertford was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 39) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 42) at Wulf aka Wolf Hall, Wiltshire [Map].
Around 1540 [his son] Henry Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 40) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 43) at Wulf aka Wolf Hall, Wiltshire [Map].
In 1540 [his daughter] Margaret Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 40) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 43).
In 1541, probably around St George's Day, 23 Apr 1541, King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 49) created four new Knights of the Garter:
306th. Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 41).
307th. Henry Howard (age 25).
308th. John Gage (age 61).
309th. Anthony Wingfield (age 54).
In 1541 [his daughter] Jane Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 41) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 44).
In 1544 Robert Constable (age 50) was knighted by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 44) at Butterdean, Coldingham.
In May 1544 Nicholas Poyntz (age 34) sent by the Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 44) to burn at Kinghorn, Fife.
Tudor Tracts Chapter 3. The next day, being the 4th day of May [1544], the said army landed two miles by west of the town of Leith, at a place called Grantham Crag [Map]: every man being so prompt thereunto, that the whole army was landed in four hours. And, perceiving our landing to be so quiet, which we looked not for; having our guides ready, we put ourselves in good order of war marching forwards towards the town of Leith in three battles — whereof my Lord Admiral led the Vanguard, the Earl of Shrewsbury (age 44) the Arrieregard; and the Earl of Hertford (age 44) being Lord Lieutenant, the Battle — having with us certain small pieces of artillery, which were drawn by force of men: which enterprise we thought necessary to be attempted first of all other, for the commodious lodging of our navy there, and the landing of our artillery and victail.
After 07 May 1544 Edward Clinton 1st Earl Lincoln (age 32) was knighted by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 44) at Edinburgh [Map].
In 1546 John Thynne (age 31) was appointed Steward to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 46). He continued in this role until Seymour's execution in 1552.
On 30 Dec 1546 Henry VIII (age 55) made his last revision to his will signed using the Dry Stamp that was used increasingly commonly. The will confirmed the succession as King Edward VI of England and Ireland (age 9), Queen Mary I of England and Ireland (age 30) and Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 13).
The will appointed sixteen executors: Anthony Browne (age 46), Archbishop Thomas Cranmer (age 57), Anthony Denny (age 45), John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 42), William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke (age 45), Edward Montagu (age 61), Edward North 1st Baron North (age 50), William Paget 1st Baron Paget Beaudasert (age 40), William Paulet 1st Marquess Winchester (age 63), John Russell 1st Earl Bedford (age 61), Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 46), Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall (age 72) and Thomas Wriothesley 1st Earl of Southampton (age 41).
Annales of England by John Stow. 28 Jan 1547. Edward (age 9) the first borne at Hampton court [Map] (by the decease of k. Henry (age 55) his father) began his raigne the 28 of January, and was proclaimed k. of England, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, and of the churches of England and also of Ireland the supreme head immedlatly in earth under God, & on the last day of January, in the yere of Christ after the Church of England 1546 but after the accompt of them that begin the yere at Chatfimas 1547 being then of the age of nine yéeres. And the same day in the afternoone the saide young king came to the tower of London [Map] from Hertford, and rode into the City at Aldgate, and so along the wall by the crossed Friars [Map] to the Tower hill, & entred at the red bulwarke [Map], where be was received by sir John Gage (age 67) constable of the tower, and the lieutenant on horseback, the Earle of Hertford (age 47) riding before the king, and sir Anthony Browne (age 47) riding after him: and on the bridge next the warde gate, the archbishop of Canterbury (age 57), the lorde Chancellor (age 41), with other great lords of the Councell received him, and so brought him to his chamber of pretence, there they were sworne to his majesty.
Annales of England by John Stow. The first daie of February the earle of Hertford (age 47) lord protector in the tower of London [Map], endued King Edward (age 9) with the order of knighthod: and then immediatly the king standing up, under the cloth of estate, Henry Hoblethorne lord Major of London was called, who kneeling downe, the king toke the sword of the lord protector and made him knight, which was the first that ever he made. Then the lords called the judges and communed with them, and then every one of them came before the king, who put forth his hand,and every of them kissed it: then master William Porteman one of the judges of the kings bench was called forth, whom the king made knight, and then the king moving his cap departed to his privie chamber againe.
Annales of England by John Stow. The first of February, the earle of Hertford (age 47) was nominate, elected and chosen, by all the executors to be potector and chiefe governor of the kings person, untill became to his lawfall age of 18 yeeres, and so was be prclaimed.
On 16 Feb 1547, three weeks's after the death of King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (deceased), the new Council promoted themselves ...
Thomas Wriothesley 1st Earl of Southampton (age 41) was created 1st Earl of Southampton in accordance with Henry VIII's will for which he was nominated executor. Jane Cheney Countess Southampton (age 38) by marriage Countess of Southampton.
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47) was created 1st Duke Somerset. Since he was Protector and head of the Privy Council at the time he effectively created himself Duke. [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 50) by marriage Duchess Somerset.
William Willoughby 1st Baron Willoughby of Parham (age 32) was created 1st Baron Willoughby Parham. Elizabeth Heneage Baroness Willoughby of Parham (age 29) by marriage Baroness Willoughby Parham.
After 16 Feb 1547. The date uncertain but likely to be after the funeral of Henry VIII (deceased) King Edward VI of England and Ireland (age 9) made a number of new appointments although given King Edward VI of England and Ireland was only nine years old at the time, the titles were, in effect, bestowed by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47).
William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton (age 35) was created 1st Marquess Northampton.
[his brother] Thomas Seymour 1st Baron Seymour (age 39) was created 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley and appointed Lord High Admiral.
New Garter Knights:
318th Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 30).
319th Edward Stanley 3rd Earl of Derby (age 37).
320th Thomas Seymour 1st Baron Seymour.
321st William Paget 1st Baron Paget Beaudasert (age 41).
John Carey (age 56) and Henry Huberthorne were knighted by King Edward VI of England and Ireland.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1547. The sixth daie of March the great scale of England was taken Lord Sir Thomas Wrythesley, Earle of Southampton (age 41) and Chauncelor of office, of Englande, which daie was the second Soundaie of Lente, and so was brought to my Lord Protecter (age 47), and on the morrowe it was delivered to my Lord Sainct John (age 64), my gret mastera, to keepe as conservator of the same till the counsell had sett further order therin.
Diary of Edward VI. May 1547. Ther was great preparation mad to goe into Scoteland2 and the lord Protectour (age 47)3, th'erl of Warwic (age 43)4, the lord Dacres5, the lord Gray,1a and mr. Brian,2a went with a great nomber of nobles and gentlemen to Berwic, wbere, the first day after his conaming, he mustered al his company, wich wer to the nomber of 13,000 footmen and 5000 horsmen.3a The next day he marched on into Scoteland, and so passed the Pease.4 Then he burnt tow castels1b in Scoteland, and so passed a straight of a brig2b wher 300 Scottis light horsmen set upon him behind him, who wer discomfited. So he passed to Musselburough, where the first day after he come he went up to the hill, and saw the Scottis, thinking them, as thei were indeed, at lest 36,0003b men, and my lord of Warwic was almost taken, chasing th'erl of Huntley, by an ambush. But he was rescued by on(e) Bertivell,4b with twelve hagbusiers on horsbake, and the ambush ran away. The 7 day of September, the lord Protectour thought to get the hil; wich the Scottis seeing, passed the brig over the river of Muselburough, and strove for the hier ground, and almost gott it. But our horsmen set upon them, who although the(y) staled them, yet wer put to flight, and gathered together again by the due of Somerset lord Protectour, and th'erl of Warwic, and wer redie to give a new onset. The Scottis being amasid with this, fledde ther wayes, some to Edenburough, som to the see, and some to Dalkeith, and ther wer slain 10,000 of them.1c But of Englishe men 51 horsmen, wich were almost al gentilmen, and but one foteman.2c Prisoners were taken the lord Huntley3c chauncellour of Scoteland, and divers other gentlemen, and slain of lardes a 1000.1d And mr. Brian,2d Sadleir,3d and Vane4d were mad(e) Barnels5d [bannerets].
Note 2. The history of this campaign was related in "The Expedicion into Scotlande of the most woorthely fortunate prince Edward Duke of Somerset, uncle to our most noble sovereign lord the Kinges Majestie Edward the VI., Goovernour of hys Hyghnes persone, and Protectour of hys Grace's realmes, dominions, and subjectes; made in the first yere of his Majesties most prosperous reign, and set out by way of Diarie, By W. Patten, Londoner. Printed at London, 1548;" 12mo. and reprinted in Dalzell's Fragments of Scotish History, 1798. Patten was one of the judges of the marshalsea in the army, the other being William Cecill, afterwards the great Burghley. His narrative is largely quoted in Holinshed, and followed in Sir John Hay ward's Life and Reign of Edward VI. The Sieur Berteville has also left a memoir of the campaign: see note hereafter in p. 217.
Note 3. The duke of Somerset was experienced in the warfare of the Scotish border. He had been lord warden of the marches in 1542, when James the Fifth lost his life at Solway moss. The next year, accompanied by the lord Lisle, he visited the towns of Leith and Edinburgh with fire and devastation. And in 1544 as lord-lieutenant he commanded the expedition sent into Scotland, in which the towns of Leith and Edinburgh were again burnt, with those of Preston, Haddington, and Dunbar, and various castles, of which expedition a narrative, printed in the same year, is reprinted in Dalzell's Fragments of Scotish History, 1798, 4to. See the duke's military atchievements further particularised in the preface to the work of Patten, mentioned in the preceding note. On the present occasion he went as "general of the armie, and capitayn of the battalle, having in it iiii. m. fotemen." (Patten.) Letters patent constituting him "Lieutenant and Captain-generall of the warres both by sea and land," passed the great seal on the 11th of August (Burnet erroneously says the 21st); and they are printed in Rymer's Fœdera under the wrong year, 1548 instead of 1547, an error which misled Rapin (vol. ii. p. 12), who applied them to a time when (as he supposed) the Protector required authority to send the earl of Shrewsbury (age 47) as Lieutenant-general, on the second year's campaign in Scotland.
Note 4. The earl of Warwick was Lieutenant of the army, and captain of the foreward of iii. M. footmen. (Patten.)
Note 5. William lord Dacre had the command of the rearward of iii. m. footmen.
Note 1a. The lord Grey of Wilton (age 38) was high marshal of the army, and captain-generall of all the horsemen. See the account given of his conduct in the "Commentarie of the Services of William Lord Grey de Wilton," edited by Sir Philip Grey Egerton, Bart, for the Camden Society, 1847, p. 10. After the close of the campaign, lord Grey was left in Scotland in the chief command of the English forces.
Note 2a. Sir Francis Bryan was the captain of the light horsemen, being in number ii. m. (Patten.) He shortly after became marshal of Ireland (having married the countess dowager of Ormonde), and on the 27th December, 1549, was constituted lord justice of that kingdom; but during an expedition into Tipperary he died at Clonmell on the 2nd February following.
Note 3a. The King wrote 12,000 and 2000, and the figures are altered as above. The Sieur Berteville estimated the English army as about 12,000 (he at first wrote 14,000) footmen, 1300 men of arms, i.e. cavalry (he at first wrote "viii. centz." and so it is misprinted in the Bannatyne Club book hereafter noticed), and 2,500 light horsemen. These numbers may be compared with Patten's accoimt, p. xxv. of the several forces.
Note 4a. The lord protector, having left Berwick on Sunday the 4th of September, "marched that dale a six miles, and camped by a village called Rostan, in the baronrie of Boukendall." ..."The fift of September they marched an eight miles, untill they came to the Peaths, a clough or vallie running for a six miles west streight eastward, and toward the sea a twentie score brode from banke to banke above, and a five score in the bottome, wherein runs a little river. Steepe is this vallie on either side, and deep in the bottome." (Holinshed, following Patten.) The pass is called "the Pethes" in a letter of sir Ralph Sadler (age 40) to the earl of Shrewsbury, printed in Lodge's Illustrations of British History, vol. i. pp. 120, 122. It is now called Cockburn's Path, anciently it is said Colbrand's Path; and the bridge which was built there in 1786 crosses a chasm in some parts more than 160 feet deep. It was this pass which the lord admiral told the King that his brother was not likely to surmount, "without losse of a great nombre of men, or of hymself" (see before, p. 58): it was, however, accomplished without difficulty, as Matthew Home, the captain of Dunglas castle, which commanded the pass, surrendered without a struggle.
Note 1b. Dunglas castle was defaced, and the next day the piles of Thornton and Anderwick.
Note 2b. Linton brig, on the 7th of September.
Note 3b. The King first wrote 23,000. Patten states that he heard some of the Scots confess that their army consisted of "above xxvi. ii. fighting footmen, beside ii. M. horsemen prickers (as they cal them), and hereto iii. thousande Irish archers brought by th'erle of Argile." Preface, p. xii.
Note 4b. This occurred (as Patten tells us) on the 7th of September, in a skirmish at the passage of the river Lin, near Hailes castle, when the earl of Warwick was accompanied by scant sixteen horses, whereof Berteville and John de Ribaud, Frenchmen, were two, seven or eight light horsemen more, and the rest his own servants. Berteville was "hurt in the buttok." And it is added that "As Bartevil that day had righte honestly served, so did the lordes righte honorably quite yt, for straight upon the overtakynge of my lordes Grace (i.e. Somerset) my lorde Lieutenant (i e. Warwick) did get him a surgion, and drest he was, straight after layde and conveyed in my lordes Grace's owne chariot, that was both right sumptuous for cost and easy for caryage." This gentleman has himself left a memoir of the campaign, but his modesty has not permitted him to insert this adventure. The memoir was contributed by David Constable, esq. to the Bannatyne Club, entitled "Recit de l'Expedition en Escosse, I'an MDXLVI. et de la Batayle de Muscleburgh, par le Sieur Berteville," and printed in 1825, accompanied by a fac-simile of a large contemporary engraving of the battle of Musklebroghe (or Pinkey, as it has been more frequently termed). The original of this memoir is preserved in the Cottonian Library, Cleopatra A. xi. It commences with an epistle from the author to the King, above which is written "Liber Georgii fferrers ex dono Regis Edouardi:" which shows that it was given by the King to George Ferrers, well known as the Christmas Lord of Misrule (whose magnificence is amply commemorated in the Loseley Manuscripts), as a contributor to the Chronicles of Hollnshed, and as the principal poet of The Mirroiir for Magistrates. He was himself in this campaign; and Patten, describing him as "George Ferrers a gentleman of my lord Protector's, and one of the commissioners of the carriages in this army," tells a story of his smothering some Soots hid in a cavern near Leith (p. 44). To return to Berteville: he was one of those knighted by the earl of Warwick at Berwick in September, when Patten calls him sir John Bartevile. He is noticed in a letter of dr. Wotton printed by Tytler, p. 91. His name occurs again in the King's Journal in connection with the charges made against the Protector by Warwick.
Note 1c. Sir James Balfour says "the Scotts lost 8000 men of all sortes, and weire 1000 prisoners taken." Aunales of Scotland, printed in 1825, 8vo. vol. i. p. 285.
Note 2c. Patten commemorates particularly the deaths of Edward Shelley, the lord Grey's lieutenant of the men of arms of Boulogne, upon whom he gives a long eulogium (p. 72); and another Bullener "little Preston," who was "found with both his handes cut of by the wreastes, and knowen to be he, for that it was knowen he had of each arme a bracelet of golde, for the which they so chopt him."
Note 3c. George Gordon, fourth earl of Huntly, constituted lord chancellor of Scotland in 1546. He was distinguished as a soldier, particularly by his victory over sir Robert Bowes (age 55) at Haddenrig in 1542. On the 9th Sept. 1547 (the day before the battle of Pinkey or Musselburgh), the earl of Huntly challenged the duke of Somerset, to "fight for the whole quarrel, xx. to xx., x. to x., or els hymselfe alone with your Grace man to man." The Protector refused, "beynge of such estate by the sufferaunce of God as (to) have so weighty a charge of so precious a jewel, the governaunce of a Kynges person, and the protection of all his reames." See the incident related at considerable length by Patten, p. 49. The earl escaped from prison at Morpeth in 1548, and was killed in battle with the regent Moray at Corrichie in 1562.
Note 1d. At first -written 2000.
Note 2d. Sir Francis Bryan, already noticed.
Note 3d. Sir Ralph Sadleyr was treasurer of the army. Berteville bears this testimony to his valour: "En cest bataille monseigneur Sadeler le tresseurier monstra que son sens et proesse ne gist tant en office du finances qu'en experience de guerre." (p. 17.) Attached to sir Ralph Sadleyr's monument at Standon in Hertfordshire was a banner-staff of extraordinary height, said to have been a trophy of the field of Mussleburgh.
Note 4d. Sir Ralph Vane is described by Patten as "Lieutenaunt of all the men of armes and dimilaunces, beyng in number iiij. M." in which number there is perhaps un error. Berteville speaks of "la maison du roy, duquoy estoit chef Monsr de Vannez, ung aussi vaillant et saige capitaine." (p. 26.) But sir Thomas Darcy, according to Patten, was the "capitayn of all the Kynges majesties pencioners and men of armes."
Note 5d. Besides these three bannerets — "a dignitie (as Patten remarks) above a Knight, and next to a Baron," the duke of Somerset also made the following Knights in the camp at Roxburgh on the 28th of September: —
The lord Grey of Wilton, high marshal.
The lord Edward Seimour, my lordes grace's [eldest] son [by his first wife].
The lord Thomas Howard.
The lord Walldyke, a Clevelander.
Sir Thomas Dacre.
Sir Edward Hastings.
Sir Edmund Brydges.
Sir John Thynne, my lord's grace's steward of household.
Sir Miles Partridge.
Sir John Conway.
Sir Giles Poole.
Sir Ralph Bagnall.
Sir Oliver Lawrence.
Sir Henry Gates.
Sir Thomas Chaloner, one of the clerks of the council, and in this army chief secretary.
Sir Francis Flemmyng, master of the ordnance.
Sir Eichard Towneley.
Sir Marmaduke Constable.
Sir George Awdeley.
Sir John Holcroft (joint commissioner of the musters. Patten, p. xxvi )
Sir John Southworth
Sir Thomas Danby.
Sir John Talbot.
Sir Rowland Clerk.
Sir John Gresham.
Sir William Skipwith.
Sir John Buttes.
Sir George Blaag (joint commissioner of the musters. Patten, p. xxvi.)
Sir William Frauncis.
Sir Francis Knolles.
Sir William Thornborow.
Sir George Howard, who did bear the King's standard in the battail.
Sir James Wylforde (provost marshal of the army. Patten, p. xxv.)
Sir Ralph Coppinger (a pensioner.)
Sir Thomas Wentworth.
Sir John Mervyn.
Sir Nicholas Lestrange.
Sir Charles Stourton.
Sir Hugh Ascough.
Sir Francis Salvayn.
Sir John Horsle.y (captain of Bamborough castle. Patten, p. 28.)
Sir John Forster.
Sir Christopher Dies, Spaniards.
Sir Peter Negroo, Spaniards.
Sir Alonzo de Vile, Spaniards.
Sir Henry Hussey
Sir James Granado
Brabander
Sir Walter Bonham.
And at Newcastle, on the duke's return, he knighted the mayor, sir Robert Brandling.
Subsequently, the earl of Warwick, when lieutenant-general, made five knights at Berwick, — sir Thomas Neville (the lord Neville's brother), sir Andrew Corbet, sir Anthony Strelley, sir Arthur Mainwaring, sir Richard Verney, and sir John Berteville the Frenchman. (Patten, corrected by Holinshed.)
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1547. This yeare, in August, the Kinges Majestie (age 9), with the advise of my Lord Protector (age 47) and other of his Counsell, sent out throughe this realme of Englande certaine godlie injunctions for reformation of the cleargie, the true preaching and settingc fourth of Godes wordc, and utter abolishing of idolatrie, which were clene putt downe in everie parish church of this realme of Englande, and also the going in procession was left [off], the gospell and epistle read in Englishe everie holidaie, with divers other, as in the said proclamation or injunction appeareth.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1547. This yeare also the Lord Protectors Grace (age 47) went into Scotlande with an armie riall in the beginning of September, and the 20th daie of September [Note. Mistake for 10 Sep 1547] he had battell with the Scottes within fower miles of Edenboroughe, where, by the power of God, he had the victorie, and there was slaine of the Scottes fiftene thousande, and tow thousand taken prisoners. The Erle of Huntley (age 33), Chauncelor of the Scottes, was one, the Earl of Cassells slaine [Note. Gilbert Kennedy 3rd Earl Cassilis (age 32) was captured.], and the Lord Fleeming (age 53). And of Englishemen their were not slaine above an hundred persons in all. The Scottes were numbred above fortie thousande, and the Englishmen not above sixteene thousande; and also they tooke there shipps and all their ordinance, with all the spoile of the fielde, and certeyne castells were yelded to him.
On 10 Sep 1547 an English army commanded by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47) defeated a Scottish army commanded by James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran (age 31) and Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 58) at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh at Musselburgh.
The English army included John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 43), Francis Talbot 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 47), Miles Partridge and Thomas Wentworth 2nd Baron Wentworth (age 22). John Thynne (age 32) and Edmund Brydges 2nd Baron Chandos (age 25) were knighted.
William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 26) accompanied Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset.
Edward Shelley of Worminghurst Park (age 44) was killed.
John Forbes 6th Lord Forbes (age 82), Christopher Coningsby (age 31) and Edward Clere were killed.
John Thynne was knighted after the battle.
The Scottish army included John Gordon 11th Earl Sutherland (age 22) who commanded the Rearguard and Gilbert Kennedy 3rd Earl Cassilis (age 32). John Stewart, Robert Douglas (age 41), John Livingston, Thomas Hamilton of Priestfield and Hugh Montgomerie were killed. John Hay 4th Lord Hay was captured but soon released.
Malcolm Fleming 3rd Lord Fleming (age 53) was killed. His son James Fleming 4th Lord Fleming (age 13) succeeded 4th Lord Fleming. Barbara Hamilton Lady Fleming by marriage Lord Fleming.
Robert Graham Master of Montrose was killed.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1547. The eight daie of October my Lord Protectors Grace (age 47) came from North home, and in Finsburie Fields my lord major, with the aldermen in their skarlett gownes, with certaine of the comens in their liveries with their hoodes, mett his Grace, the major and aldermen on horsebacke, and he ever tooke one of them by the handea, and after my lord major rode with him to the pounde in Smythfield [Map], where my Lord Protector tooke his leve of them, and so rode that night to his place at Shene [Map], and the morrowe after to the King (age 9) at Hampton Court [Map].
Note a. Probably a clerical error for "he tooke every one of them by the hand."
In 1548 [his son] Edward Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 48) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 51).
On 16 Jan 1549 [his brother] Thomas Seymour (age 41), the King's (age 11) uncle, was caught trying to break in to the King's apartments at Hampton Court Palace, Richmond [Map]. He entered the privy garden and awoke one of the King's pet spaniels. In response to the dog's barking, he shot and killed it. He was arrested and taken to the Tower of London [Map].
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 49) was arrested on various charges, including embezzlement at the Bristol mint.
Diary of Edward VI. 06 Oct 1549. In the meane season in Englond rose great sturres, like to increase much if it had not been well forseen.1 The counsel, about 19 of them, were gathered in London, thinking to mete with the lord Protectour (age 49), and to make him amend some of his disordres. He, fearing his state, caused the secretary [Petre (age 44)] in my name to be sent to the lordes, to know for what cause they gathered their powres togethers, and, if they ment to talke with him, that they should come in peacable maner. The next morning, being the 6 of October, and Saturday [Sunday], he commaunded the armoure to be brought downe out of th'armury of Hampton court, about 600 harnesses, to arme both his and my men withal, the gates of the hous to be rempared; peple to be raysed. Peple came abundantly to the house. That night, with al the peple, at 9 or 10 a cloke at night, I went to Windsore [Map], and there was watch and ward kept every night. The lordis sat in open places of London, calling for gentlemen before them, and declaring the causes of accusation of the lord Protectour, and caused the same to be proclaimed. After wich time few came to Windsore, but only myn owne men of the garde, whom the lordes willed, fearing the rage of the peple so lately quietid. Then begane the Protectour to treate by letters, sending Sir Philip Hobbey (age 44), lately cum from his ambassad in Flaundres to see to his famyly, who brought in his returne a letter to the Protectour very gentle, wich he delivered to hime, another to me, another to my house, to declare his fautes, ambicion, vain glorie, entriag into rashe warres in mine youth, negligent loking on Newhaven, enriching of himself of my treasour, folowing his owne opinion, and doing al by his owne authorite, et [?]; wich lettres was openly redd, and immediately the lordes came to Windsore, toke him, and brought him through Holborn to the Tower. Afterward I came to Ampton court [Map], wheir they appointed by my consente six lordes of the counsel to be attendant on me, at lest tow, and fower knightes; lordes, the marches Northampton (age 37), th'erles of Warwike (age 45) and Arondel, lordes Russel (age 64), Seintjone, and Wentworth; knigh(tes) sir Andrew Dudely (age 42), sir Edward Rogers (age 51), sir Thomas Darcy, sir Thomas Wroth.1a After I came through London to Westmuster.2a The lord of Warwike made Admyral of England.3a Sir Thomas Cheiney sent to the em perour for relief4, wich he could not obteine. Mr. Wotton5 made secretary. The lord Protectour, by his owne agreement and submission, lost his protectourship, treasourirshipe, marchalshipe, al his moveables, and niere 2,000 pound lande, by acte of parliement.
Note 1. Under the influence of the earl of Warwick, seconded by the ex-chancellor Southampton and the Romanist party, a majority of the council now undertook to terminate the supreme dictatorship assumed by the Protector. It appears that Somerset's suspicions of his insecurity were first alarmed by learning that the councillors in London dined at each others' houses (see Tytler, p. 249); he consequently took measures on the 5th October, if not before (see the documents quoted in p. 285 hereafter), to strengthen his military resources. According to the record of the council, entered in their register, they had appointed on the morning of Sunday the 6th of October "to repayr to Hampton court, accompanied with their ordinary numbers of servants, to have had friendly communication with the lord Protectour about the reformation of the state;" when, "as they were booted and ready to have mounted upon their horses," they "were certainely advertised, as well as credible reportes of diverse gentlemen, as by letters subscribed by the hands of the said lord Protectour, that he, having some intelligence of their lordships' intents, and moved with the conscience of his ill-government, whereof he would abyde no reformation, had suddenly raised a power of the commons, to the intent, if their lordships had come to the court, to have destroyed them; which power he had levyed as well by letters whereunto he caused his Matie to set his most gracious hand, as by most sedicious bills, which he had devised for that purpose, the tenor whereof word for word foloweth. Good People," &c. (not entered in the Council Book, but preserved in the State Paper office, see hereafter, p. 242). Their lordships consequently determined to remain in London, assembling themselves at Ely Place, then the mansion of the earl of Warwick, in Holborn, where the following councillors were present: lord St. John, lord great master (who had been with the Protector at Hampton court only two days before), the earls of Warwick, Arundel (age 37), and Southampton, mr. secretary Petre, sir Edward North, sir Richard Southwell (age 46), sir Edmund Peckham (age 54), sir Edward Wotton (age 59), and mr. doctor Wotton dean of Canterbury. Their first step was to unfold their views to the magistrates of London, who consequently held a court of aldermen at Guildhall that same afternoon, and their proceedings will be found detailed at full by Stowe. The council sent out various letters to countermand and counteract the orders issued by the Protector, and also to levy forces on their own party; and, sending for the lieutenant of the Tower of London sir John Markham, they "required him to suffer certain others to enter for the good keeping thereof to his Majesties use; whereunto the said lieutenant according, sir Edmund Peckham knight and Leonard Chamberlayne esquire, with their servants, were commanded to enter into the Tower, as associates to the said lieutenant, for the better presidy and guard of the same."
The next morning, Monday Oct. 7, the council met at Mercers' hall in London, in number sixteen, there being present, in addition to those of the day before, the lord chancellor (age 52) (Rich), mr. treasurer (Cheyne), sir John Gage, sir Edward Mountagu, sir Ralph Sadler (age 42), and sir John Baker. They were informed that, during the previous night, the lord Protector had hastily conveyed the King from Hampton court to Windsor castle, and they directed to Windsor the letters hereafter noticed.
On the 8th, at 9 a.m. they met at Guildhall, with the further accession to their company of the marquess of Northampton and the earl of Shrewsbury. The mayor, aldermen, and common council were ordered to attend them, and, the lord chancellor and others (as Stowe relates) having declared divers abuses of the lord Protector, they persuaded the citizens to take their part. "The lords dined with master Yorke, one of the sheriffes, and in the afternoone proclamation was made in divers places of the cittie, with trumpets, heraults, and kings at armes, wherein was contained divers articles touching the evill government of the lord Protector."
On the 9th the council was held "at the house of mr. Yorke, sheriff of London" (this was the ancient mansion, then belonging to the Crown, called the Duke's Place in Southwark, the new sheriff being master of the mint then established there). The names of the lord privy seal (Russell), the master of the horses (Herbert (age 48)), the lord Wentworth, and the vice-chamberlain (Wingfield), are also entered as present in council; but the two former were certainly this day at Wilton, as shown by their autograph signatures to the letter mentioned hereafter, and none of the four signed the council's letters of this day.
"The tenth of October (says Stowe, but this certainly should be the 9th), by a common councell at the guild-hall, was granted five hundred men of the citie (one hundred to be horsemen) to be readie on the next morrow: and this day the lords dined with master Yorke, one of the sheriffes of London."
On the 10th, "the same appearance of the councell as before" assembled "at the house of the lord St. John, lord great master, being in London," when they were informed" that, through their former letters, and other means by them devised, and by the dihgent travail also of the archbishop of Canterbury and sir William Paget, then being at Windsor, the Kinges Matie owne servants were again restored to their places of attendance about his Matie person, and that the duke of Somerset's servants and others of the bands were sequestered from his Majtie Having received the private communication from Paget, noticed hereafter, they this day sent to Windsor sir Anthony Wingfield the vice-chamberlain, sir Anthony Sellenger one of the gentlemen of the privy chamber, and sir John Williams treasurer of the augmentations and revenues of the crown, with their servants, for the better guard of the King's person, and for the prevention of Somerset's escape. These officers effected the arrest of the duke the next morning; and, on Sunday the 12th, the lords in a body repaired to Windsor "and presented themselves forthwith before the King's Matie, most humbly on their knees, declaring to the same the occasion and order of their doings, the which his Matie did accept in most gratious part, giving to their lordships his Matie most hearty thanks." Calling before them sir Thomas Smith, sir Michael Stanhope, sir John Thynne (age 34), Edward Wolfe one of his Matie privy chamber, and William Gray esquire, of Reading, "adherents of the said duke, and the principal instruments and councellours that he did use, both at this time, and otherwise also in the affairs of his government," they charged them with their offences, and ordered them to the Tower of London, sir Thomas Smith being at the same time sequestered from the council, and deprived of his secretaryship.
On the 13th, the duke himself "being sent for t'appeare before their lordships, and charged by them with his faults, was with the others before named sent to the Tower of London, under the conduct of the earls of Sussex (not Southampton, as some of the chroniclers state) and Huntingdon, the lords Grey and Burgayny, sir John Gage constable of the Tower, and certain other gentlemen and their bands. This day also the King's Matie departed from Windsor to Hampton court."
Such is the account of this revolution which the privy council were pleased to place upon record. The course of these important events may be further traced by abundant documentary evidence, the greater part of which has been published, but scattered in various places. The two letters placed first in the annexed list may be regarded as a portion of the series — the first clouds that foreboded the coming storm: —
May 8, 1549. A letter of warning from sir William Paget to the lord Protector, remonstrating on his angry and snappish conduct towards those of the council who differed from him or ventured to express their own sentiments. Transcript in MS. Cotton. Titus F. m.; printed by Strype, Memorials, ii. Appendix GG.
July 7. A second, and very long, letter of expostulation and advice, written by Paget when abroad, upon hearing of the insurrection in the West. Transcript in MS. Cotton. Titus F. m.; another in State Paper office. Domestic Edw. VI. vol. viii. art. 4; printed by Strype, Memorials, ii. App. HH.
Oct. 1 [or 5 ?] a letter, signed by the King and the Protector, summoning all the King's loving subjects with all haste to repair to Hampton Court, "in most defensible array, with harness and weapons, to defend his most royal person, and his most entirely beloved uncle the lord Protector, against whom certain hath attempted a most dangerous conspiracy." It is plainly dated "the furstoi October; "but was received (by a party unnamed) on "the vj of October, of George Dunstalle my lord of Canterbury's servant." In the State Paper office. Domestic Edw. VI. vol. ix. art. 1; printed in Tytler's "England under Edward VI. and Mary," i. 205. Another (transcript) copy in the State Paper office, dated Oct. 5, is addressed "To all Justices of peace, mayers, shrives, balives, constables, hed boroughes, and all other the Kynges Matie officers and subjects."
Oct. 4. A letter from the lords at Hampton court to lord Cobham (age 52), deputy of Calais, directing him to select twenty gunners from Calais, and send them to lord Clinton (age 37) (at Boulogne), is signe.d by the Protector, archbishop Cranmer, W. St. John, Wm. Paget, and Wm. Petre. Original in MS. Harl. 284, fol. 46, printed by Tytler, i. 211.
Oct. 5. Letter of the Protector to the lord privy seal and sir William Herbert, then in command of the forces lately employed against the "Western rebels, requesting both of them to come to Hampton court, and the latter by post, and his servants to follow. In the State Paper office. Domestic Edw. VI., vol. ix. art. 5; unpublished.
Letter signed by the Protector, the King's signature being prefixed by a stamp, to Sir Harry Seymour, to levy horse and foot. In State Paper office, art. 3, partly printed by Tytler, p. 213.
Oct. 6. Circular letter, of the like form, summoning those to whom it was sent to repair to Hampton court. In State Paper office, printed by Tytler, p. 214.
Letter under the King's signet, dated from Hampton court, addressed to the lord mayor, aldermen, and citizens of London, requiring them to levy men, to watch their gates, and to send one thousand, well harnessed, and with good and convenient weapons, to be at Hampton court that night, or at least on the morrow before noon. This was accompanied by a letter requiring credence to the bearer, Owen Claydon, signed EDWARD and SOMERSET; printed in Poxe's Actes and Monuments, under the head of "The troubles of the duke of Somerset;" and in Hollnshed's Chronicle.
Letter under the King's signet to the lord privy seal and sir William Herbert, announcing that "suche a henous and grevus conspiracye as never was seen, is attempted against us," &c. Transcript in the State Paper office, art. 9.
Another like letter to the same parties, desiring them to assemble with all expedition as many men, both horse and foot, as they could, and bring them to Hampton court. Transcript in the State Paper office, art. 8.
A third letter to the same, representing the matter more at fuU, and desiring them to repair "with such force as ye have" to Windsor castle. Contemporary transcript in the State Paper office, art. 6; printed by Foxe, Actes and Monuments.
A shorter letter of the same date desiring the same parties to give credence to lord Edward Seymour, the Protector's eldest son, who was the bearer of one or more of the preceding letters. Transcript in the State Paper office, art. 7.
A letter from the Protector to the earl of Shrewsbury, requiring his aid; printed in Lodge's Illustrations of British History, i. 135.
Letter of certain of the council to the lord mayor, &c. denouncing the conduct of the Protector, and requiring that no harness, weapons, or munitions should be sent to him. It is signed by nine councillors — St. John, Northampton, Warwick, Arundel, Southampton, Petre, North, Gage, and Southwell; printed in Foxe and Holinshed.
Circular letter of the council in London, being a summons to arm in support of their side of the dispute. An original copy, undirected, but having the autograph signatures of R. Ryche, cane, W. Seint John, W. Northt., J. Warwyk, Arundell, F. Shrewesbury (age 49), Henry Sussex, T. Cheyne, Edward North, and John Gage: in the State Paper office, art. 10.
Oct. 7. Circular letters from the council to the sheriffs, forbidding the levies ordered to be raised by the Protector. One undirected is preserved in the State Paper office, art. 20, bearing the autograph signatures of the same councillors as above, except Cheyne.
Another letter nearly of the same import, addressed to certain commissioners: signed Kke the last, excepting that it wants the names of the earls of Arundel and Shrewsbury, and has that of Edward Mountagu. Ibid. art. 21.
Letters under the signet, signed both by the King and Somerset, directing levies to be made by the bailiffs of Uxbridge, Hillington, and Cullam. Dated "at our castle of Windsor." Original in State Paper office, art. 15.
Letter of the lord Protector, now at Windsor, to the lords in London, declaring his intention, "if you will take no other way but violence, to defend us (as nature and our allegiance doth bind us) to extremity of death, and to put all to God's hand, who giveth the victory as it pleaseth him." He desires an answer either by secretary Petre, whom he had sent with a message, or, if they would not let him leave them, by the bearer. Original in the State Paper office, art. 16, signed only by the Protector's hand, printed by Tytler, p. 214; also previously pubHshed by Foxe, Holinshed, and Stowe.
The lords of the council in London to those at Windsor, requiring the duke of Somerset to absent himself from his Majesty, and to disperse the force which he had levied. "Consider, my lords, for God's sake, we heartely pray you, that we be almost the hole Councell," viz. the chancellor Eich, lord great master St. John, marquess of Northampton, earls of Warwick, Arundel, Shrewsbury, and Southampton, sir Thomas Cheyne, sir William Petre, sir Edward North, sir John Gage, sir Ealph Sadleyr, sir Richard Southwell, and dr. Nicholas Wotton — in all fourteen. Sent by master Hunnings, a clerk of the council. Original in MS. Cotton. Calig. B. vn. fol. 404; printed in Strype's Ecclesiastical Memorials, vol. ii. App. No. 44; Ellis's Letters, I. ii. 166. Draft copy in State Paper office, art. 22.
Letter to the King, signed by the same councillors, with the addition of sir Edward Mountagu. Original in MS. Cotton. Titus, B. ii. fol. 35; three draft copies in State Paper office, Nos. 17, 18, and 20; printed in Burnet's History of the Keformation, Part II. Book I. Eecords, No. 41.
To this day (Oct. 7) probably belongs a document which Mr. Tytler has edited, i. 207, with the date Oct. 4, from the State Paper office, art. 13, being suggestions for a letter to be written by the King strongly justifying the general conduct of the Protector. On the second leaf of the same sheet are various memoranda in the same handwriting, (but not copied by Tytler,) consisting partly of informations and partly of suggestions, apparently intended for the eye of the Protector. Among the latter are these: —
"Also that the Kinges matie wold make a letter unto the Maior, sherifes and aldremen of the citie, and to be delyvered unto the messenger by the Kinges own hande.
"Also lettre unto the lordes wylleng that asm any of them as are his treue honorable [subjects] shuld repayre unto him against his ennemys, or else they sought his blode aswell as his uncle's."
A previous paragraph states, "Also that upon sondaie [Oct. 6] my lorde grete m"^ [St. John] entered into the Tower of London to the Kinges use, and have made mr. Peckeham [sir Edward Peckham, treasurer of the mint,] lieutenant therof, and given him allowance for a table."
"Also the disobedyence of mr. Markham [the lieutenant of the Tower] in his office.
"Also that sir Thomas Darcy is laid in the Tower as a traytor."
Oct. 8. Circular letters to counties, countermanding the duke of Somerset's orders for levies, and charging all men to follow their vocations peaceably. Two copies (undirected), each bearing the autograph signatures of — E. Eyche, cane. W. Seint John, W. Northt., J. Warwyk, Arundell, F. Shrewesbury, Thomas' Southampton, William Petre, Nicholas Wotton, Edward Mountagu, Jo. Baker, are in the State Paper office, art. 28, 29.
Autograph letter of Harry lord Morley, acknowledging the council's summons, and expressing his readiness "with that pore power I have within one bower's warnyng, so ether to lyve or to dy." Dated from Mark hall. In State Paper office, art. 30.
Reply of the lord privy seal and sir William Herbert, written from Andover, to the lord Protector: after having received other letters from the lords dated the same day (Oct. 6) as the Protector's letter to them. Contemporary transcript in the State Paper office, printed by Tytler, p. 217: the substance given in Foxe's Actes and Monuments.
Letter from the lords at Windsor (Cranmer, Paget, and Smith) to those in London, in answer to theirs sent the day before. Original in the State Paper office, art. 26, printed by Tytler, p. 223; contemporary transcript in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. vii. fol. 406; also printed in Stowe's Chronicle, and by Todd, in his Life of Cranmer, 1832, vol, iii. p. 57, Strype and Sharon Turner having considered the archbishop to have been the writer of it.
Letter from the King to the lords in London, entreating them to hold a moderate course; being accompanied by "certain articles exhibited unto us by our said uncle, signed with his own hand." Original in the State Paper office, art. 24; printed by Tytler, p. 220. Draft copy in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. vn. fol. 405.
"Articles offered by me the lord Protector to the King's majestic, in the presence of his highnes counsail and other his majesties lordes and gentlemen at Wyndesor, to be declared in my behalf to the lordes and the reste of his highnes counsail remayning in London." Original in the State Paper office, marked 24 i. It is signed both at the beginning and end by the King, and at the foot by Somerset: contemporary copy in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. vn. fol. 407; printed in Burnet, No. 42; Ellis, I. ii. 173.
Private letter from the duke of Somerset to the earl of Warwick, soliciting reconciliation. Printed in Stowe's Chronicle.
Private letter from secretary Smith to secretary Petre, earnestly begging him to advocate moderation. Original in the State Paper office, art. 27, printed by Tytler, p. 228. There is also (art. 39) a second letter of Smith to Petre, which commences with thanking "my lords of Warwicke, Arondell, and yow, that my brother George had leave to come and visite me." It is written in a tone somewhat less anxious than the other, yet it is difficult to say whether a few hours before or a few hours after.
Sir Philip Hoby was the bearer of these five documents. On the same day the council were actively proceeding in their prosecution of the Protector, by issuing a public proclamation. The charges it contained against him are given by Foxe and by Stowe.
Oct. 9. The following anecdote regarding this day is related on the authority of sir Thomas Smith, who remained faithful to the Protector: —
"Sir Phillip Hobby, [having] receaved an answere of the lordes in London by letter, came out of London, and by the way, faininge he had loste his letter out of his poquet, said to his man he would returne for a newe, and willed him to goe to the courte and tell the Counsell all should be well. This excuse was of purpose before devised by the lords, to the end they might winne tyme the better that they might doe their feates. The next daye he came to the courte with a letter to the Kinge from the lordes, and before he delivered said thus —
"Sir Phillip Hobby's saying or mesuage declared to the duke of Somerset, the archebishop of Canterbury, sir W. Pagett mr. comptrolor, sir Thomas Smithe secretary, in the presence of mr. Cecill, sir John Thinne, sir Richard Cotton, and divers others; reported by sir Thomas Smith.'" MS. Harl. 353, fol. 77; printed by Tytler, p. 238.
Letter from the lords in London, to the King. Printed from the Council Book, by Burnet, No. 43. Draft copy in the State Paper office, art. 35.
Reply of the lords in London to those at Windsor, sent by sir Philip Hoby. Original, with fifteen autograph signatures, in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. vii. fol. 408; draft copy in State Paper office, art. 37; printed from the former in Ellis's Letters, I. ii. 169; and from the Council book by Burnet, No. 44.
Letter from the lord privy seal and sir William Herbert to the lords of the council, dated from Wilton, they having retired farther with their military forces, instead of advancing. Original in State Paper office, art. 31, printed by Tytler, p. 231.
Letter of the lord privy seal and sir W. Herbert to the sheriff of Gloucestershire. "The like letters are goone unto other shirrefes, not only to the sherrifes, but also to every justice of peace and gentleman privately." Summoning levies to repair to Wilton, from which town the letter is dated. Contemporary copy in the State Paper office, art. 31 i.
Letters, addressed to the lady Mary and the lady Elizabeth respectively, relating, on the part of the council, the events that had occurred, and denouncing the pride and ambition of the Protector. Original draft in the State Paper office, art. 33; printed by Tytler, p. 248.
Oct. 10. Letter of the archbishop of Canterbury, sir William Paget, and sir Thomas Smith, the lords at Windsor, acknowledging the receipt of the letter brought by sir Philip Hoby, and professing themselves ready to obey the directions of those in London. Sir Philip Hoby returned with their submission. Original in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. VII. fol. 412; printed in Ellis's Letters, I. ii. 171; also printed, from the Council Book, by Burnet, No. 45.
Letter from the lords in London to sir William Paget, acknowledging a credence sent them by his servant Bedill, and desiring him to give firm credence to the bearer mr. vicechamberlain sir Anthony Wingfield, who was also captain of the guard. In a postscript (to wliicli the council repeated their signatures), it was intimated to Paget that "if yow shall see any good oportunite for this purpose, and if it may be conveniently doon, as by your sei-vant's message it semed," the duke should be apprehended, and also secretary Smith, sir John Thynne, Richard Whalley, and William Cycill, who was then the duke's private secretary and master of his court of requests. Original in MS. Cotton. Caligula, B. vn. fol. 410; printed by Ellis, I. ii. 173.
A Proclamacion, set furth by the body and state of the Kynges majesties privey counsayle, concernyng the devisers, writers and casters abrode of certain vile, slaunderous, and moste trayterous letters, billes, scrowes, and papers, tendyng to the seducement of the Kynges majesties good and lovyng subjectes: persons "whiche do labor now to maintain the trayterous doynges of the duke of Somerset," for that purpose "doon devise the moste vile, false, and traiterous billes, papers, and bokes that ever wer hard of, strawyng the same in the stretes, as well within the citie of London as in diverse tounes and other places in the country, wherein thei do falsely and traitorously travaile to slaunder the Kynges majesties oounsaill, thinkynge thereby to amase and abuse his majesties good subjects, whiche bee in areadinesse to joyne with the said counsaill for delivery of the Kyng our sovereigne lordes most royall persone, remainyng to his greate perill and daunger in the saied duke's custody." A reward of one hundred crounes is offered for the apprehension of every offender. This document, of which the draft is in the State Paper office, art. 40, is extant in an original broadside copy preserved in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries, It is subscribed by the names of all the following councillors:
The Lorde Riche, Lord Chancellor.
The Lorde Sainct Jhon, Lorde Great Master, and President of the Counsaill.
The Lorde Eussell, Lorde Privey Scale,
The Lorde Marques of Northampton.
The Erle of Warwicke, Lorde Greate Chamberlain.
The Erle of Arundell, Lorde Chamberlain.
The Erle of Shrewsbery,
The Erle of Southampton,
The Lorde Wentworth.
Sir Thomas Cheiney, Knight of the Order, and Threasaurer of the Kynges Maiesties house, and Lord Warden of the Cinque Portes.
Sir Willyam Herbert, Knight, Master of the Kynges Majesties horses.
Sir Anthony Wingfeld, Knight of the Order, the Kynges Majesties vice Chamberlein, and Capitain of the Garde.
Sir Jhon Gage, Knight of the Order, Constable of the Towre.
Sir Willyam Petre, Knight, Secretary.
Sir Edward North, Knight.
Sir Edward Montague, Knight, Chief Justice of the Comon Place.
Sir Raufe Sadler, Knight.
Sir Jhon Baker, Knight.
Sir Edward Wotton, Knight.
Master doctor Wotton, Deane of Cantorbury.
Sir Richard Southwell, Knight.
Sir Edmund Peckham, Knyght, high Threasaurer of all the Kynges Majesties Myntes.
Of the handbills mentioned in this proclamation, two are preserved in the State Paper office: one (art. 11 of the volume so often cited) commencing, "Moste loving and trew Ynglishmen," and signed, "By the Kynges true and loving subject to his poure, Henry A." This is supposed to have been "cast about" in the city of London (see before, p. 233), and it is indorsed. Rede itt and gyve itt furth. (Printed by Tytler, p. 209: the word "conspire" in p. 210, should be read serve?) The other (art. 12) is indorsed, "The copie of the bill sowed emongest the commons" (printed by Tytler, p. 210, where, for "the extortions of gentlemen," read "the extortiouse gentylmen"). There can be little doubt that this was the very bill which the lord privy seal found at Andover; where, he tells the council, "The gentlemen had received like letters from the King's majestie as we had done; and the commons had found bills that were sown abroad, to raise them in the Kinges name and the Protector's quarrel, as by a copy of one of the same bills, which ye shall also receive herewith, your Lordships may more plainly perceive." In his letter written to the duke of Somerset the day before, Russell had directly taxed him with the authorship of these papers: "Your Grace's proclamations and billets sent abroad for the raising of the commons we mishke very much." It is to be considered that the nobility, with great effort and much difficidty, had very recently succeeded in suppressing various insurrections, which they attributed in part to the Protector's former conduct towards the comnion people; they now detected him in acts calculated to provoke a repetition of such troubles. This indiscretion had the effect of arraying them against him, and throwing them into the hands of the more subtle and insidious Warwick.
Oct. 11. Letter written partly by Wingfield, and partly by Paget, signifying to the council the arrest of the duke, and describing the King's behaviour. It is signed also by Cranmer. Original in the State Paper office, art. 42; printed by Tytler, p. 241.
Minute of the whole discourse of the duke of Somerset's doings, addressed to the English ambassadors abroad. In the State Paper office, art. 41.
A circular letter from the council to counties, announcing the dispersal of the forces assembled by the duke of Somerset, and staying any further musters. Contemporary copy in MS. Cotton. Titus, B, ir. fol. 30.
Another circular letter announcing the duke's arrest, and directing the parties addressed "to staye your nombres at home, without taking eny further traveile for this matter." One with the autograph signatures of eleven councillors in State Paper office, art. 44.
Oct. 14. Letter of the council to the lieutenant of the Tower, that he sujBfer no one to speak with the duke of Somerset or any other prisoner. Ibid. art. 45.
Articles objected to the duke of Somerset. These have never been edited accurately. The most perfect printed copy is that in Stowe's Chronicle (but in article 12 for Iniunction read Commission; in article 26 the 6 instead of "9 of October," and there are other errors.) In Foxe's Actes and Monuments, the 29 articles are reduced to 20, by the omission of the 10th, 20th, 21st, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, and 29th. Hohnshed follows Foxe. Hay ward's copy (Life and Eeign of King Edward VI.) is imperfect, by the omission of the 28th article, as well as by a modernization of the language throughout; and Burnet copies Hayward. Strype in his Life of Cramner, p. 265, has pointed out the significance of the 10th article, which charged the Protector with having laid the blame of the insurrections on the nobility; and it is to be regretted that Strype did not print the draft copy which he had seen. It was, as he imagined, in the handwriting of bishop Gardiner: but this was a very bold surmise. Strype is in error in attributing these articles to the time of the duke's "second apprehension and trial." There is an old transcript of the whole 29 articles in MS. Addit. Brit. Mus. 9069; which is worth consulting if no other can be recovered.
Dec. 23. The duke of Somerset's submission, having read and considered the said 29 articles. Printed in Stowe's Chronicle.
Feb. 2. His second submission, dated from the Tower. Also in Stowe.
Feb. 6. His recognizance in 1000/. to reside at the King's manor of Sheen or his own house at Syon, without passing the limit of four miles from either house. In the Eegister of the Privy Council.
The 6 of February the duke of Somerset was delivered out of the Tower, and that night he supped at sir John Yorke's, one of the sheriffes of London," (Stowe,) where, it appears from the council book, the lords assembled to welcome him.
Feb. 16. A pardon to the duke by letters patent under this date is printed in Rymer, Foedera, &c. xv. 205.
Note 1a. Of the "four principal gentlemen of his Highness' privy chambre" (the knights) it was also ordered that "two at the least should be continually attendants, .. to whom was advanced, above their accustomed fee of L li. by the yeare, the yearly fee of L li. more, in consideration of the singular care and travail that they should have about his Majesties person." (Council Book.) See further arrangements under the 20th April, 1550, hereafter.
On 12 Nov 1549 Walter Mildmay (age 28) was ordered by the Privy Council to examine the Westminster Palace [Map] which had been in the custody of Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 49).
Annales of England by John Stow. 02 Feb 1550. On Candlemas day, William L. Saint-John earle of Wiltshire (age 67), L. great master, and president of the Counsell, was made Lord Treasurer: John Dudley earle of Warwike (age 46), lord great chamberlaine, was made lorde great master; William Parre Marques of Northhampton (age 38), was made Lorde great Chamberlaine: Lord Wentworth (age 49) was made L. chamberlaine of houshold: Sir Anthony Wingfield (age 63) captaine of the guard, was made comptroller of the kings house; and Thomas Darcy (age 43) knight, was made viz chamberlaine, and captaine of the Guard: and the earle of Arundel late lord Chamberlaine, with the Earle of Southampton (age 44), were put of the counsell, and commanded to heepe their houses in London.
The submission of the D. of Somerset (age 50) prisoner in the tower, made the 2, of Febuary.
Annales of England by John Stow. 06 Feb 1550. The 6. of February the D. of Somerset (age 50) twas delivered out of the tower, and that night be supped at Sir Io. Yorks one of the sherifs of London
Diary of Edward VI. 14 May 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50) was taken into the prive chambre, and likewise was the lord admirall (Clinton (age 38)).1
Note 1. "Maye xj. 1550. And where it had pleased the King's majestie to call the lorde Clynton to be High Admirall, which office his lyving did not throughly extende to mainteigne, forasmuch as his service at Bulloigne deserved notable consideracion, therefore the counsaill determined to be meanes unto the King's majestie to give him cc li. lande, and to accept him of his privie chamber.
"And likewise syns it had also pleased his highness to call the duke of Somersett again into his privie counsaill, they likewise determined to be sutors for him, that he might be again admitted of the privie chamber." (Council Book.)
Diary of Edward VI. 29 May 1550. The embassadours had a fair souper made them by the duke of Somerset (age 50), and afterward went into the tems (on the Thames) and saw both the beare hunted in the river, and also wilfier cast out of botis, and many prety conceites.
On 03 Jun 1550 [his son-in-law] John Dudley 2nd Earl Warwick (age 23) and [his daughter] Anne Seymour Countess of Warwick (age 12) were married at Sheen Palace [Map]. She the daughter of Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 50) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 53). He the son of John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 46) and Jane Guildford Duchess Northumberland (age 41). She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
The Gentleman's Magazine Volume 179 Pages 595 600. [04 Jun 1550]. Lord Robert Dudley (age 17), at the period of his marriage, was eighteen years of age, and it is probable that the lady [Amy Robsart (age 17)] was not older. The wedding took place on the 4th of June, 1550, the day after the memorable alliance had been accomplished between the [his son-in-law] Lord Lisle (age 23), Lord Robert's elder brother, and the Lady [his daughter] Anne Seymour (age 12), which it was vainly hoped would have cemented the reconciliation of the rival statesmen their fathers,—Edward Seymour (age 50) Duke of Somerset, and John Dudley (age 46) Earl of Warwick, afterwards Duke of Northumberland. The second marriage, which was celebrated, like the former, at the royal palace of Sheen [Map], is thus noticed by King Edward VI. in his diary:
"June 4. Sir Robert Dudely, third sonne to th’erle of Warwic, maried sir John Robsartes daughter; after wich mariage ther were certain gentlemen that did strive who shuld first take away a gose’s heade wich was hanged alive on tow crose postes."
Diary of Edward VI. 08 Jun 1550. Also the vicedam (age 28)1 made a great souper to the duke of Somerset (age 50) and the marquis of Northampton (age 38), with divers masques and other conceites.
Note 1. The vidame of Chartres seems to have signalised himself among the French visitors by his hospitality. On the 4th of June the council sent "a letter to the customers of London to suffer the visdame to take and lande xliij tonnes of Gascon wine for his own provision without oustome-paying." Again on the 7th Jan. 1550-1, xxv or xxvj tonne.
Diary of Edward VI. 09 Jun 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50), marquis Northampton (age 38), lord tresorer (age 67) (St. John, the earl of) Bedford, and the secretary Petre (age 45), went to the bishope of Winchester (age 67)2, to know to what he wold stike. He mad(e) answer that he wold obey, and set furth al thinges set furth by me and my parliement; and if he were troubled in conscience he wold revele it to the counsel, and not reason openly against it.3
Note 2. Gardiner was now a prisoner in the Tower. The King paid great attention to the course of the proceedings directed by the council against the bishop, in relation to which several passages will occur in the succeeding pages. Foxe, in the first edition of his Actes and Monuments, inserted the record of these proceedings at very great length; which in subsequent editions was materially abridged, but in the last, by the Rev. S. E. Cattley, it is restored to its place, and occupies pp. 24-267 of the sixth volume. The depositions of many of the principal nobility and courtiers who had been present at Gardiner's trial sermon (already noticed in p. 59), contain many remarkable statements and biographical particulars.
Note 3. See the report made by the duke of Somerset and the rest, in Foxe, (edit. Cattley,) iv. 79, and Gardiner's own more particular account of this conference at p. 113.
Diary of Edward VI. 06 Aug 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50) departid to Reding to take an ordre there.
On 21 Jan 1551, the day before his execution, Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 51), wrote an inscription on the fly-leaf of an almanac: "Fere of the lord is the b[e]genning of wisdume, Put thi trust in the lord w[i]t[h] all thine hart, Be not wise in thyne owne conseyte but fere the lord and fle frome euele [evil], frome the toware, the day before my deth, 1551 [1552]". E: Somerset.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 03 May 1551. The iij day of May ther was a grett tryhumpe at Grenwyche [Map]. The Kyng (age 13) and alle ys compeny wher alle blacke and whyt, fott men and trumpeters, hats, clokes, and baners blacke and whytt, and speres; and the thodur parte was the yerle of Harfford (age 51), and a grett compeny of lords and knyghts, alle yonge men, and trompeters, ther hats, baners, and fott men alle in yelow, and so they rayne [at the] rynge, and at tornay with swords-the v yer K. E. vjth.
A great triumph at Greenwich. Thus noticed in the King's diary:
"March 31. A chaleng made by me that I, with 16 of my chaumbre, shuld runne at base, shote, and rune at ring, with any 17 of my servauntes, gentlemen in the court." —
"May 3. The chaleng at running at ringe performed, at the wich first came the kinge, 16 footmen, and 10 hor[se]men, in blake silk cootes pulled out with wight tafeta; then al lordes, having three [sic. qu. their] men likewise appareled, and al gentlemen, ther footmen in whit fustian pulled out with blake taveta. The tother side came al in yelow tafta. At lenght the yelow band toke it thrise in 120 courses, and my band tainted often, wich was counted as nothing, and toke never, wich seemed very straunge, and so the price was of my side lost. After that turnay folowed, betwen 6 of my band and sixe ofthers."
11 Oct 1551, the day before his fourteenth birthday, King Edward VI (age 13) celebrated at Hampton Court Palace [Map] by rewarding his guardians; it may have been a case of his guardians rewarding themselves.
John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 47) was created 1st Duke Northumberland. Jane Guildford Duchess Northumberland (age 42) by marriage Duchess Northumberland. His son Henry Dudley (age 25) was knighted.
Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 34) was created 1st Duke Suffolk for having married King Edward VI's first cousin Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk (age 34). Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk by marriage Duchess Suffolk.
William Paulet (age 68) was created 1st Marquess Winchester. Elizabeth Capell Marchioness Winchester by marriage Marchioness Winchester.
His guardian William Herbert (age 50) was created 1st Earl Pembroke. Anne Parr Countess Pembroke (age 36) by marriage Countess Pembroke.
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 51), the King's uncle attended.
Henry Dudley was knighted at Hampton Court Palace, Richmond [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 15 Oct 1551. The xv day of October was had to the Towre the duke of Somersett (age 51) and the lord Gray (age 42).
Note. The duke of Somerset, &c. sent to the Tower. On the particulars of these state trials it is only necessary to refer to several passages in the King's diary, and to Strype and our general historians.
On 16 Oct 1551 the King's (age 14) uncle Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 51) was arrested. He was acquitted of treason, but convicted of felony for raising a contingent of armed men without a licence. He was executed three months later.
Annales of England by John Stow. The 16, of October [1551], Edward Seimer Duke of Somerset (age 51), the Lord Gray of Wilton (age 42), Sir Ralph Vane, Sir Thomas Palmer, Sir Myles Partridge, [his brother-in-law] Sir Michael Stanhope (age 44), Sir Thomas Arundell (age 49) knightes, and divers other Gentlemen, were brought to the Tower of London [Map]. The next morrowe, the [his wife] Dutchesse of Somerset (age 54) was also brought to the Tower [Map].
The liberties of the Stilpard [Map] were ceased into the kings hands for divers causes forfeited, contrarie to the enter-course.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Oct 1551. The xxij day of October was alle the craftes [of London] commandyd to go to ther halles, and ther yt was [shewed] them that the duke of Somersett (age 51) wold have taken the Towre, and to have taken the brod-selle, and to have [destroyed] the cete, and then to go to the ylle of Whyth; and so evere craft to ward at evere gatt in London, and to have a rydyng wache thrugh the cete,-the v K. E. the vjth.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 30 Nov 1551. The xxx day of November ther was a grett skaffold mad in Westmynster halle agaynst the next day, that was [the] ffurst day of Desember, for the duke of Somersett (age 51), the [which] was raynyd of tresun and qwyt of ytt, and cast of fe[lony], and ther was shyth a shutt of men and women, for they thowght that he had byne qwytt, for [they] thruw a C. caps on he for gladnes, for ther was mony lost ther .... and the stret hangyd with blake ... mantyll frysse gowne boyth ... meny blake gownes, and then cam the cors with ... of armes borne a-bowt her, and a gret ... and ther was the compeny of the Clarkes, and a gret ...
Note. Funeral of lady Locke. The imperfect funeral in this page probably belongs to the widow of sir William Locke, who has been noticed in p. 313. She was buried by his side on the 5th Dec. 1551. (Malcolm, ii. 156.) "Lady Elyzabeth Locke, latte wyf of sir William Locke knyght, decesyd on saynt Androwes daye at iij. of the cloke at afternone in good memory, the v. yere of the rayne of kyng Edward the vj. executors Rycharde Spreyngham and Thomas Nycolles the elder: and buryed in the churche of our laydy of Bowe [Map] within the quyre. Cheffe morner, Mary Spryngened (sic); [other mourners,] Elyzabeth Nycolles, Elyzabeth Fyld, Ellen Meredyth, Jone Rawlyns." (MS. I. 3. in Coll. Arm. f. 846.)
Chronicle of Greyfriars. 01 Dec 1551. Item the furst day of day of December was browte the deuke of Somersett (age 51) owte of the towre [Map] by watter at v. a clocke in the mornynge, and j. or ij. drownyd by the waye in the Tems betweene the tower and Westmester; and there he (was) araynyd before the cowncell, and so pletyd for hym selfe that he was qwytt for the treson, and comytted unto the tower of London [Map] agayne.
Diary of Edward VI. 01 Dec 1551. The duke of Somerset (age 51) cam to his triall at Westmyster halle. [The record mentions three indictments: 1) that he had designed to have seized the King's person, and to have governed all affairs; 2) that he, with one hundred others, intended to have imprisoned the earl of Warwick, afterwards duke of Northumberland; and 3) that he had designed to have raised an insurrection in the city of London.]
01 Dec 1551. He answered he did not entend to raise London, [...] His assembling of men was but for his owne defence. He did not determin to kill the duke of Northumberland (age 47), the marquis (age 39), etc., but spake of it and determined after the contrary; and yet seamid to confess he went about there death. The lordis went togither. The duke of Northumberland wold not agree that any searching of his death shuld bee treason. So the lordis acquited him of high treason, and condemned him of treason feloniouse, and so he was adjuged to be hangid. He gave thankis to the lordis for there open trial, and cried mercy of the duke of Northumberland, the marquis of Northampton, and th'erle of Penbroke (age 50) for his ill meaning against them, and made suet for his life, wife and children, servauntes and dettes, and so departed without the ax of the Toure. The peple, knowing not the matter, shouted hauf a douzen times, so loud that frome the halle dore it was hard at Chairing crosse plainly, and rumours went that he was quitte of all.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1551. 01 Dec 1551. The first daye of December, beinge Tuesday, the Duke of Somersett (age 51) was had from the Tower of London [Map] by water and shott London bridge at v of the clocke in the morninge, and so went to Westminster, where was made ready a great scaffold in Westminster Hall [Map], and there the sayd Duke appeared, afore the Lordes and Peeres of the Realme, the Lord William Pawlet (age 68), Marques of Winchester and Lord High Treasurer of England, that daye sittinge under the cloath of estate as High Stuard of England; the indytement of the sayd duke beinge read, he was imedyately arraigned on the same for felony and treason, and after tryed by his peeres the nobles there presenta, which did quitt him of the treason but found him guilty of the felonyb, whereupon after their verdite giuen he had iudgment giuen to be had [thence to] the place [he came from] and from thence to the place of execution, there to be hanged till he were dead; but the people in the hall, supposinge that he had bene clerely quitt, when they see the axe of the Tower put downe, made such a shryke and castinge up of caps, that it was hard into the Longe Acre beyonde Charinge Crosse, and allso made the Lordes astonyed, and word likewise sent to London, which the people reioysed at; and about v of the clocke at night the sayd Duke landed at the Crane in the Vintre, and so [was] had thorough Can[dle]wyke Streete to the Tower, the people cryinge God saue him all the way as he wentj thinkinge that he had clerely bene quitt, but they were deceyued, but hoopinge he should haue the Kinges pardon.
Note a. His judges were Northumberland (age 47), Northampton (age 39), Pembroke (age 50), and the other leading members of the government, - the very parties against whom he was said to have conspired, - and the witnesses against him were not produced, bnt only their written depositions read, as was frequently the custom in those days.
Note b. For having designed the killing of the Duke of Northumberland and the others, although on consideration he had determined to abandon it; "yet," adds Edward VI. in his Journal, "he seemed to confess he went about their death."
Chronicle of Greyfriars. 22 Jan 1552. Item the xxij. day of the same monyth was be[heddyd] at the Towre hyll [Map] before viij. a clocke Edwarde deuke of Somersett (age 52) [erle of Hertjforde and unkyll unto the kynges (age 14) grace]. And also there was a commandment thorrow London that alle howsolders with their servantes shulde kepe their howses unto it was ....
Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Jan 1552. The xxij of January, soon after eight of the clock in the morning, the duke of Somerset (age 52) was beheaded on Tower hill [Map]. There was as] grett compeny as have bene syne .. the kynges gard behynge there with ther ha[lbards, and a] M [Note. 1000]. mo with halbards of the prevelege of the Towre, [Ratcliffe,] Lymhowsse, Whytchapell, Sant Kateryn, and Strettford [Bow], as Hogston, Sordyche; and ther the ij shreyfs behyng th[ere present] seyng the execusyon of my lord, and ys hed to be [smitten] of, and after shortely ys body was putt in to a coffin, [and carried] in to the Towre, and ther bered in the chyrche, of [the north] syd of the qwyre of sant Peters [Map], the wyche I beseeche [God] have mercy on ys sowlle, amen! And ther was [a sudden] rumbelyng a lytyll a-for he ded, as yt had byn [guns] shuttyng [Note. shooting] and grett horsys commyng, that a M [Note. 1000]. fell [to the] grond for fere, for thay that wher at the on syd [thought] no nodur butt that one was kyllyng odur, that [they fell] down to the grond on apon anodur with ther halb[ards], they thought no nodur butt that thay shuld .... sum fell in to [the] dyche of the Towre and odur plasys, ... and a C. [Note. 100] in to the Towre-dyche, and sum ran a way for [fear.]
Note. The duke of Somerset's execution. A narrative of this, with the last speech delivered by the duke, somewhat different from that in Stowe, has been printed from the Cottonian charters, by Sir Henry Ellis, in his Second Series of Original Letters, vol. ii. p. 215.
Annales of England by John Stow. 22 Jan 1552. The 22 of January Edward duke of Somerset (age 52) was beheaded on the tower hill [Map]. The same morning early the consables of every warde in London (according to a precept directed from the counsell to the Mayor) streightly charged every householde of the same citie not to depart any of them out of their houses before ten of the clocke of that Day, meaning thereby to restraine the great number of people, that otherwise were like to have bene at the said execution: notwithstanding by seven aclock the tower hill [Map] was covered with a great multitude, repairing from all parts of the citie, as well as out of the suburbs, and before 8 of the clocke the duke was brought to the scaffold inclosed with the kings gard, the sherifs officers, the warders of the Tower, & other with halbards: the Duke being ready to have been executed, suddenly the people were driven into a great feare, few or none knowing the cause: wherfore I thinke it good to write what I saw concerning that matter.
Thee people of a certaine hamlet, which were warned to be there by 7. of the clocke to give their attendance on the liuetenant, now came through the posterne, & perceiving the D. to be alreadie on the scaffold, the foremost began to run, crying to their followes to fellow fall after, which suddennes of there men being weaponed with bils and halbards thus running, caused the people which first saw them, to thinke some power had come to have rescued the duke from execution, and therefore to crie away, away, whereupon the people ran some one way some another, many fell into the tower ditch, and they which tarried thought some pardon had been brought, some saide it thundered, some that a great rumbling was in the earth under them, some that the ground moved, but there was no such matter, more than the trampling of their feete, which made some noise.
Diary of Edward VI. 22 Jan 1552. The duke of Somerset (age 52) had his head cat of apon Towre hill [Map] betwene eight and nine a cloke in the morning.
On 22 Jan 1552 Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 52) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map]. Duke Somerset, Earl Hertford, Viscount Beauchamp forfeit. His great-grandson [his great grandson] William Seymour 2nd Duke of Somerset was restored to the titles in 1660.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1551. 22 Jan 1552. Fryday, the 22 of January, 1551-[2], Edward Seimer (age 52), Duke of Somersett, was beheaded at the Tower Hill [Map], afore ix of the clocke in the forenone, which tooke his death very patiently, but there was such a feare and disturbance amonge the people sodainely before he suffred, that some tombled downe the ditch, and some ranne toward the houses thereby and fell, that it was marveile to see and hear; but howe the cause was, God knoweth.
In 1552 [his daughter] Elizabeth Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 52) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 55) in the year in which her father was executed.
In 1552 [his daughter] Mary Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 52) and [his wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 55).
Henry Machyn's Diary. 19 Dec 1552. The xix day of Desember was bered master [his son] John Semer (age 25), the eldest sune unto the duke of Somersett latt dyssesyd, and bered at the hospetall of Savoy, and ther was a dolle.
Note. Funeral of master John Seymour. His will, dated Dec. 7, 1552, and proved April 26, 1553, is recorded in the prerogative court of Canterbury, and briefly quoted in Collins's Peerage. He died unmarried, making his whole brother sir Edward Seymour, the ancestor of the present duke of Somerset, his heir.
On 01 Jan 1562 the New Years Gift Giving was held. Those who gave gifts provide an interesting who's who of the Elizabethan Court soon after Elizabeth I's Coronation. Queen Elizabeth (age 28) was present since a number are described as "With the Qene her Majestie."
For 'dimy' read 'demi' ie half-sovereigns.
Neweeyeur's Gyftes gevon to the Quene her Majestie by those Parsons whose Names hereafter ensue, the first of January, the Yere above wrytten.
By the Lady Margaret Strainge (age 22), a little round mounte of golde to conteyne a pomaunder in it. With the Qene her Majestie. Note. Lady Margaret Strange married Henry Stanley Lord Strange (age 30) on 07 Feb 1555. In 1561 he had not succeeded to Earldom of Derby and was known by the courtesy title Lord Strange. She is listed first since she was one of the few remaining direct descendants of Henry VII, being a great-granddaughter by his daughter Mary Tudor. Margaret Clifford was first in line to succeed in 1568 but died in 1596 before Elizabeth I.
Dukes, Marquises and Earls.
By the Duke of Norfolke (age 25), in a purse of purple silke and golde knit, in sundry coynes of golde £20 0s 0d.
By the Marquis of Winchester (age 79), High Threasourer of Englande, in a purse of crymsen satten, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Marquis of Northampton (age 50), in a purse of crymsen silke and gold knit, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Arundell (age 49), Lord Steward, in a paper, in angels, £30 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Shrewesburye (age 34), in a red silke purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Darbye (age 52), in a purse of crymsen satten, embraudered with golde, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Pembroke (age 61), in a purse of black silk and silver knit, in new angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Bedforde (age 35), in a purse of black silk and golde knytt, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Rutlande (age 35), in a purse of red silk and golde knytt, in dimy soveraigns and angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Huntingdon, in a red silk purse, in angells £15 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Westmerlande (age 37), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £10 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Oxforde (age 46), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £10 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Northumberlande (age 34), in a purse of black silke and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d. With the Quene her Highness.
By the Earle of Warwike (age 32), a smocke wrought with black silk, a peire of slevis, and a partelett wrought with gold, silver, and black silke. Delivered to the Baroness Cobham (age 23).
By the Viscounte Mountague (age 33), in a purse of cloth of golde, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
Bishops. The list of Bishops ends with "With her said Majestie"; unclear whether this refers to all the Bishops listed.
By the Archbusshop of Caunterbury (age 57), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £40 0s 0d.
By the Archbusshop of York (age 61), in soveraigns £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Duresme (age 42), in a purse of crymson silk and gold knytt, in angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Ely (age 69), in a red vellat purse, in angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Wynchester (age 52), in a purse of crymsen silk and gold knytt and set with pearles, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of London (age 43), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Salisbury (age 39), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Worcester (age 43), in a black vellat purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Lyncoln (age 42), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Chychester (age 64), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Norwich (age 50), in a blew silk purse £13 6s 8d.
By the Busshop of Hereforde (age 52), in a green silk purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Lychfield and Coventry (age 48), in a red satten purse, in angells £13 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Rochester (age 48), in a red purse, in gold £13 6s 8d.
By the Busshop of Saint Davies (age 55), in a red silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Bathe, in a purse of red silk, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Exetour, in a blew silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Peterborowe, in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Chester, in a red purse, in angells and soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
Duchesses and Countesses.
By the Duchess of Norfolke (age 22), in a prse of crymsen silk and gold knyt, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the [his former wife] Duchess of Somerset (age 65), in a purse of silver and black silk, in royalls and ducketts £14 0s 0d. Probably the Dowager Duchess of Somerset since her husband Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset had been executed in 1552, and their children disinherited as a result.
By the Countess of Surrey, in a purse of tawny silk and gold, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d. Dowager since her husband Henry Howard 1516-1547, by courtesy Earl Surrey, had been executed in 1547.
By the Countess of Pembroke (age 38), in a cherry bag of crymsen satten, in new angells £15 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Bedford (age 36), in a purse of crymsen silk and silver knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Darby (age 51), in a purse of crymson sattin embrodred with gold, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Oxford (age 36), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Shrewisbury, Dowager (age 62), in a purse of black silk knytt, in dimy soveraignes £12 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Shrewisbury (age 37), in a red silk purse knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Huntingdon, Dowager (age 51), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Huntingdon (age 24), in a red purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Northumberland (age 24), in a purse of black silk and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Rutland (age 29), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £13 6s 8d.
Viscountesses.
By the Vicountess Hereford, Dowager (age 42), six hankercheffes edged with gold delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Vicountess Mountague (age 24), in a purse of cloth of gold, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
Lordes.
By the Lorde Keeper of the Great Seale, Bacon (age 51), in a purse of silver knytt, in angells £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde William Howard, Lord Chamberlen (age 52), in a purse of crymsen silk and gold knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Pagett (age 56), in a greene purse in dimy soveraignes £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde Clynton, Lord Admyrall (age 50), in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Riche (age 65), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde North (age 66), in a purse of purple silk and silver, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Lumley (age 29), in a paper, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Hastings of Loughboro (age 41), in a red silk purse, in French crowns £13 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Stafford (age 60), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Windsor (age 30), in a purse of crymsn silk and gold knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
by Lorde John Graye (age 38), a haunce pott of allabaster garnished with silver gilt. Delivered in charge to John Asteley, Esq Master and Threasourer of her Highnes Jewels and Plate. Lord John Grey assumed to be a courtesy title his father being Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset.
By the Lorde Barkeley (age 27), in a red purse, in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Mountejoye (age 29), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Abergavennye (age 36), in a purse of red silke, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Scrowpe (age 28), in a purse of blak silk and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Caree of Hundesdon (age 35), in a purse of crymsen silk, in double ducketts £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde Strainge, in a purse of red silk and gold, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d. Lord Strange being the courtesy title for the Earldom of Derby. He wouldn't inherit until 1572.
By the Lorde Darcey of Chichey (age 30), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes, £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Shefild (age 24), in a red silk purse, in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Shandowes (age 40), in a blak silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
Ladyes.
By the Baroness Howarde (age 47), in a purse of crymsen silk and knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Baroness Clinton (age 35), a peire of sleevis of gold, pulled out with lawne. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Baroness Genevillet, in gold £6 13s 4d.
By the Lady Barkeley (age 24), Lord Barkeley's wife, in gold £5 0s 0d.
By the Lady Mountejoye (age 30), in a red silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lady Abergavenny, in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lady Caree of Hundesdon (age 33), in a blak purse knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lady Taylboyes, Sir Peter Carewe's (age 48) wyfe, in a purse of blak silk and silver, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Baroness Cobham, a partelett and a peire of sleeves of sypers wrought with silver and blak silke. Re-delivered to herself.
By the Lady Dakers (age 21), a warming ball of gold, per oz. 3 oz. dim. With her said Majestie.
By the Lady Shefilde (age 20), a paire of sleeves wrought with fringe of blak silk and lozeng of gold. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Margaret Baroness Scrope (age 18), in a purse of blak silk and silver, in angells £7 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Lady Shandowes (age 38), a peire of sleeves and a partlett of gold and silver knytt, cawle fashion. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Lady Knowlles (age 38), a feyne carpett of needleworke, theverende frienged and buttoned with gold and silk. Delivered to John Torneworth, Groom of the Privy Chamber.
By the Lady Butler, in a little white purse, in French crowns £6 0s 0d. With her said Majestie. Unclear as to who Lady Butler refers to.
By the Lady Raclyef, a peire of sleeves of cameryk, all over sett with purle, and two sweet bags. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
On 16 Apr 1587 [his former wife] Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 90) died.
Pepy's Diary. 16 Oct 1665. Up about seven o'clock; and, after drinking, and I observing Mr. Povy's (age 51) being mightily mortifyed in his eating and drinking, and coaches and horses, he desiring to sell his best, and every thing else, his furniture of his house, he walked with me to Syon [Map]1, and there I took water, in our way he discoursing of the wantonnesse of the Court, and how it minds nothing else, and I saying that that would leave the King (age 35) shortly if he did not leave it, he told me "No", for the King do spend most of his time in feeling and kissing them naked... But this lechery will never leave him.
Note 1. Sion House [Map], granted by Edward VI to his uncle, the Duke of Somerset. After his execution, 1552, it was forfeited, and given to John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. The duke being beheaded in 1553, it reverted to the Crown, and was granted in 1604 to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland. It still belongs to the Duke of Northumberland.
John Constable was knighted by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset.
[his daughter] Catherine Seymour was born to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset and Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset.
NO IMAGE. Or, on a pile gules between six fleur de lys azure three lions of England. Augmentation of honour granted to Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset when his sister [his sister] Queen Jane Seymour married King Henry VIII of England and Ireland. Source.
Letters 1536. 22 April. R. O. 708. Lord Lisle to Hussey.
I have written to Master Wyndsor to send over my rent by my brother Aylmer, or, if he will not come, to deliver it to you, as you will see by his letter enclosed. Calais, 22 April.
Has also written to Mr. Page to request the King not to let young Whetyll have any room in Calais while Lisle is there; and Lisle will hereafter appoint no spear without sending him over immediately to the King, to be replaced by another if his Grace like him not. I hope you have received my last with the copy of Mr. Palmer's letter, which I trust will pacify the King. States that he has appointed no more spears than in his Letter No. 707, of which the third was given to Wynybank. Sends a bill for receipt of £60 of Sir Edward Seymour, of which £16 are to be paid to Mr. Wyllson, the parson of St. Martin's. The rest is for the King. Is to ask Mr. Norrys to move the King to give Lisle the Priory of Maudylis of Barstabyll [Map], paying the King £20 for a New Year's gift. Thinks it will not be long out of the King's hands.
Pp. 2. Add.: To my friend John Husse, at the sign of the Red Lion, in Southwark. Endd.: The copy of John Husse letter and Sir Richard Page, knight, the 22d day of April.
Letters 1536. 25 May. R. O. 963. John Husee to Lord Lisle.
Yesterday I received your letter of my fellow Fysher. Mr. Treasurer [William Fitzwilliam] is ridden to Guildford, and will not return to court till Whitsuntide, so that I cannot get his letter that you write for without going to him. I cannot tell what he means, for if he had informed the King before he left, this matter would have been at a stay; but if Snowden come over I will ride to Mr. Treasurer with him. You may say meanwhile you have written to the King, and can make no direct answer without knowledge of his pleasure. Mr. Wyndsor is now in the city, and, if he remain till 31 May, will receive your money of Sir Edward Seymour; if not, Mr. Smythe must. As to your liveries, Rob. Coddgrave can inform you, who spoke with the party that made the cloths, for whom I tarried in Canterbury almost two days. I left £20 in Canterbury with Roger Wellis to pay the clothier if the cloths were approved, and the said Robert would deliver them 10 days before Whitsuntide. Your Lordship never wrote for the 20 bows of which my lady writes; but I have searched, and good bows cannot be got under 5 marks the score. The wine and quails are home, and I shall see them delivered as I think best for you. There is enough for both Mr. Russell and Mr. Hennage. I wrote long since about your coming over. Mr. Russell says Peretre's pardon is granted, and you shall shortly have a letter missive for it; but his Grace willeth the law to proceed upon him to the last point of execution before announcing it. Please let me know what has been done about my office of search and check, and which abbey or priory you will make suit for, when I will ride into Hampshire. London, 25 May.
Hol., pp. 2. Add.
Kings Wessex: Great x 14 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 11 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 17 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 12 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Great x 6 Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 13 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 11 Grand Son of Louis VII King Franks
Kings France: Great x 8 Grand Son of Philip IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Seymour 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Seymour 9 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Seymour 10 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Esturney
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Seymour 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabel Williams
GrandFather: John Seymour 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Coker
Father: John Seymour 9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Darell
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Darell
Great x 1 Grandfather: George Darell of Littlecote
GrandMother: Elizabeth Darell 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Stourton 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Stourton 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Stourton 1st Baron Stourton 6 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Stourtron 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Wentworth
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Wentworth
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Tyas
Great x 2 Grandfather: Roger Wentworth
Great x 3 Grandmother: Agnes Dronsfield
Great x 1 Grandfather: Philip Wentworth 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip Despencer 1st Baron Despencer 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Philip Despencer 2nd Baron Despencer 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Unknown Baroness Despencer
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margery Despencer 3rd Baroness Despencer, Baroness Ros 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Tiptoft 3rd Baron Tibetot 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Tiptoft Baroness Despencer 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Deincourt Baroness Tibetot 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
GrandFather: Henry Wentworth 4th Baron Despencer 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Clifford 5th Baron Clifford 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Clifford 6th Baron Clifford 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Beauchamp Baroness Clifford 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Clifford 7th Baron Clifford 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Ros 4th Baron Ros Helmsley 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Ros Baroness Clifford 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Stafford Countess Desmond 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Mary Clifford Baroness Despencer 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry "Hotspur" Percy 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Neville 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Percy Countess of Westmoreland 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl Ulster 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Mortimer Baroness Camoys Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 5th Countess Ulster Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Mother: Margery Wentworth 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey Saye 2nd Baron Say
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Saye 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Beauchamp Baroness Say 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Saye 7 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Boteler 3rd Baron Wem and Oversley 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Boteler Baroness Ferrers Wem 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Saye 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
GrandMother: Anne Saye Baroness Despencer 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Henry Cheney
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Cheney
Great x 2 Grandfather: Lawrence Cheney
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cheney 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Cockayne
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Cockayne
Great x 4 Grandmother: Cecilia Vernon
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cockayne 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Reginald Grey 2nd Baron Grey Ruthyn 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ida Grey 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alianore Strange Baroness Grey Ruthyn 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England