Between 21 Aug 1234 and 30 Aug 1234 Bishop Ralph de Maidstone was elected Bishop of Hereford.

On 21 Aug 1463 Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 35) arrived at Dover, Kent [Map] with King Edward IV of England (age 21).

Calendars. 21 Aug 1484. Commission to Robert Brakenbury, knight of the body, and John Kendall, one of the yeomen of the crown, to enquire about any lands, rents, possessions, goods and chattels which came into the king's hands by reason of the attainder or forfeiture of any persons in the counties of Surrey, Sussex and Kent and which have not been granted away, and to take the same into the king's hands. By K.

On 21 Aug 1489 Bishop Richard Hill was elected Bishop of London, Dean Chapel Royal.

Letters and Papers 1528. 21 Aug 1528. R. O. 4656. Sir Francis Bryan to Wolsey.

"I dyd intyttyll shuche things as your Grace dyd gyve me in charge." As for the horsemen of Calais, who are to meet the Cardinal at Monstrell, in my foolish opinion it will be more honorable if Sir John Walloppe, marshal of Calais, were employed for that purpose. He can well be spared, as he is not coming to court these four or six weeks. "I wonderston that Sir John Walloppe will be here, or else your Grace shall have him at Leds till Monday." London, 21 Aug.

Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.

R. O. 2. Instructions given by Wolsey on the King's behalf to Sir Francis Brian, whom the King now sends to France.

The King is informed by letters from Dr. Stephyns and Sir Gregory Cassailles how the Pope is sending hither cardinal Campegius, who took shipping at Cornet, the 24th July last, for Marseilles. By this time he is probably past Lyons, and well on his way to Paris. Brian is sent with a mule for the Cardinal's use to Calais, where he shall instruct the Deputy and Council to furnish him with as many spears and horsemen as they can spare; and with these shall pass from Calais to Boulogne, and so by Monstrell and Abbeville to Paris, unless they meet the Cardinal on the way. On meeting him he is to thank him for his diligence on behalf of the King and Wolsey, to deliver the King's letters and the mule, and conduct him to Calais, accompanied by the said spears and horsemen.

On 21 Aug 1535 Nicholas Poyntz (age 25) visited by Henry VIII (age 44) and Queen Anne Boleyn of England (age 34) at Acton Court Iron Acton, Gloucestershire [Map].

Henry Machyn's Diary. 21 Aug 1559. The xxj day of August dyd the veseturs [visitors] sat at sant Brydes, doctur Horne (age 49) and ij [2] more, for ij [2] churche-wardens and ij [2] more wher sworne to bryng a truw envetore [inventory] of the chyrche.

On 21 Aug 1565 William Devereux of Merevale (age 40) was knighted at Kenilworth Castle [Map] by Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester (age 33).

Archaeologia Cambrensis 1820 Page 464. Aug. 21. "The Montgom forces invaded again Meirionyddshyre, and lay for a week at Bala, until they were driven out of the country by Sir John Owen and the North Wales men.

"In this voyage the Parlm burnt Caer Gai¹.

Note 1. Caer Gai, supposed to have been a Roman station, was at this time the seat of Rowland Vychan, Esq. a staunch loyalist, who suffered much in the royal cause.—See Camero-Briton, No. 6, p. 231, Note.—Ed.

Evelyn's Diary. 19 Aug 1649. I went to salute the French King (age 10) and the Queen Dowager (age 47); and, on the 21st, returned in one of the Queen's coaches with my Lord Germain, Duke of Buckingham (age 21), Lord Wentworth (age 37), and Mr. Croftes (age 38), since Lord Croftes.

Evelyn's Diary. 21 Aug 1655. I went to Ryegate [Map], to visit Mrs. Cary, at my Lady Peterborough's (age 33), in an ancient monastery well in repair, but the park much defaced; the house is nobly furnished. The chimney-piece in the great chamber, carved in wood, was of Henry VIII., and was taken from a house of his in Bletchingley. At Ryegate, was now the Archbishop of Armagh, the learned James Usher (age 74), whom I went to visit. He received me exceeding kindly. In discourse with him, he told me how great the loss of time was to study much the Eastern languages; that, excepting Hebrew, there was little fruit to be gathered of exceeding labor; that, besides some mathematical books, the Arabic itself had little considerable; that the best text was the Hebrew Bible; that the Septuagint was finished in seventy days, but full of errors, about which he was then writing; that St. Hierome's was to be valued next the Hebrew; also that the seventy translated the Pentateuch only, the rest was finished by others; that the Italians at present understood but little Greek, and Kircher was a mountebank; that Mr. Selden's best book was his "Titles of Honor"; that the church would be destroyed by sectaries, who would in all likelihood bring in Popery. In conclusion he recommended to me the study of philology, above all human studies; and so, with his blessing, I took my leave of this excellent person, and returned to Wotton, Surrey [Map].

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1660. This morning I went to White Hall with Sir W. Pen (age 39) by water, who in our passage told me how he was bred up under Sir W. Batten (age 59). We went to Mr. Coventry's (age 32) chamber, and consulted of drawing my papers of debts of the Navy against the afternoon for the Committee. So to the Admiralty, where W. Hewer (age 18) and I did them, and after that he went to his Aunt's Blackburn (who has a kinswoman dead at her house to-day, and was to be buried to-night, by which means he staid very late out). I to Westminster Hall [Map], where I met Mr. Crew (age 62) and dined with him, where there dined one Mr. Hickeman, an Oxford man, who spoke very much against the height of the now old clergy, for putting out many of the religious fellows of Colleges, and inveighing against them for their being drunk, which, if true, I am sorry to hear. After that towards Westminster, where I called on Mr. Pim, and there found my velvet coat (the first that ever I had) done, and a velvet mantle, which I took to the Privy Seal Office, and there locked them up, and went to the Queen's Court, and there, after much waiting, spoke with Colonel Birch (age 44), who read my papers, and desired some addition, which done I returned to the Privy Seal, where little to do, and with Mr. Moore towards London, and in our way meeting Monsieur Eschar (Mr. Montagu's man), about the Savoy, he took us to the Brazennose Tavern, and there drank and so parted, and I home by coach, and there, it being post-night, I wrote to my Lord to give him notice that all things are well; that General Monk (age 51) is made Lieutenant of Ireland, which my Lord Roberts (age 54) (made Deputy) do not like of, to be Deputy to any man but the King himself. After that to bed.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1661. From thence about two o'clock to Mrs. Whately's, but she being going to dinner we went to Whitehall and there staid till past three, and here I understand by Mr. Moore that my Lady Sandwich (age 36) is brought to bed yesterday of a young Lady, and is very well. So to Mrs. Whately's again, and there were well received, and she desirous to have the thing go forward, only is afeard that her daughter is too young and portion not big enough, but offers £200 down with her. The girl is very well favoured,, and a very child, but modest, and one I think will do very well for my brother: so parted till she hears from Hatfield, Hertfordshire from her husband, who is there; but I find them very desirous of it, and so am I Hence home to my father's, and I to the Wardrobe, where I supped with the ladies, and hear their mother is well and the young child, and so home.

Evelyn's Diary. 21 Aug 1662. I was admitted and then sworn one of the Council of the Royal Society, being nominated in his Majesty's (age 32) original grant to be of this Council for the regulation of the Society, and making laws and statutes conducible to its establishment and progress, for which we now set apart every Wednesday morning till they were all finished. Lord Viscount Brouncker (age 51) (that excellent mathematician) was also by his Majesty (age 32), our founder, nominated our first President. The King (age 32) gave us the arms of England to be borne in a canton in our arms, and sent us a mace of silver gilt, of the same fashion and size as those carried before his Majesty (age 32), to be borne before our president on meeting days. It was brought by Sir Gilbert Talbot (age 56), master of his Majesty's jewel house.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1663. Up betimes and among my joyners, and to my office, where the joyners are also laying mouldings in the inside of my closet. Then abroad and by water to White Hall, and there got Sir G. Carteret (age 53) to sign me my last quarter's bills for my wages, and meeting with Mr. Creed he told me how my Lord Teviott hath received another attaque from Guyland at Tangier [Map] with 10,000 men, and at last, as is said, is come, after a personal treaty with him, to a good understanding and peace with him.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1663. After dinner altered our design to go to Woolwich, Kent [Map], and put it off to to-morrow morning, and so went all to Greenwich, Kent [Map] (Mrs. Waith excepted, who went thither, but not to the same house with us, but to her father's, that lives there), to the musique-house, where we had paltry musique, till the master organist came, whom by discourse I afterwards knew, having employed him for my Lord Sandwich (age 38), to prick out something (his name Arundell), and he did give me a fine voluntary or two, and so home by water, and at home I find my girl that run away brought by a bedel of St. Bride's Parish, and stripped her and sent her away, and a newe one come, of Griffin's helping to, which I think will prove a pretty girl. Her name, Susan, and so to supper after having this evening paid Mr. Hunt £3 for my viall (besides the carving which I paid this day 10s. for to the carver), and he tells me that I may, without flattery, say, I have as good a Theorbo viall and viallin as is in England. So to bed.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1665. Thence, after dinner, I by water to Sir W. Warren's and with him two hours, talking of things to his and my profit, and particularly good advice from him what use to make of Sir G. Carteret's (age 55) kindnesse to me and my interest in him, with exceeding good cautions for me not using it too much nor obliging him to fear by prying into his secrets, which it were easy for me to do.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1665. Called up, by message from Lord Bruncker (age 45) and the rest of my fellows, that they will meet me at the Duke of Albemarle's (age 56) this morning; so I up, and weary, however, got thither before them, and spoke with my Lord, and with him and other gentlemen to walk in the Parke, where, I perceive, he spends much of his time, having no whither else to go; and here I hear him speake of some Presbyter people that he caused to be apprehended yesterday, at a private meeting in Covent Garden [Map], which he would have released upon paying £5 per man to the poor, but it was answered, they would not pay anything; so he ordered them to another prison from the guard.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1665. Thence to my Lord Bruncker (age 45), at Greenwich, Kent [Map], and Sir J. Minnes (age 66) by appointment, to looke after the lodgings appointed for us there for our office, which do by no means please me, they being in the heart of all the labourers and workmen there, which makes it as unsafe as to be, I think, at London. Mr. Hugh May (age 43), who is a most ingenuous man, did show us the lodgings, and his acquaintance I am desirous of.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1667. Then to the office, my Lord Bruncker (age 47) and I all the morning answering petitions, which now by a new Council's order we are commanded to set a day in a week apart for, and we resolve to do it by turn, my Lord and I one week and two others another.

Pepy's Diary. 21 Aug 1668. After dinner I by coach to my bookseller's in Duck Lane [Map], and there did spend a little time and regarder su moher, and so to St. James's, where did a little ordinary business; and by and by comes Monsieur Colbert (age 43), the French Embassador, to make his first visit to the Duke of York (age 34), and then to the Duchess (age 31): and I saw it: a silly piece of ceremony, he saying only a few formal words. A comely man, and in a black suit and cloak of silk, which is a strange fashion, now it hath been so long left off: This day I did first see the Duke of York's (age 34) room of pictures of some Maids of Honour, done by Lilly (age 49): good, but not like¹.

Note 1. The set of portraits known as "King Charles's Beauties", formerly in Windsor Castle, but now at Hampton Court [Map]. B.

Evelyn's Diary. 21 Aug 1674. In one of the meadows at the foot of the long Terrace below the Windsor Castle [Map], works were thrown up to show the King (age 44) a representation of the city of Maestricht, newly taken by the French. Bastians, bulwarks, ramparts, palisadoes, graffs, horn-works, counter-scarps, etc., were constructed. It was attacked by the Duke of Monmouth (age 25) (newly come from the real siege) and the Duke of York (age 40), with a little army, to show their skill in tactics. On Saturday night they made their approaches, opened trenches, raised batteries, took the counter-scarp and ravelin, after a stout defense; great guns fired on both sides, grenadoes shot, mines sprung, parties sent out, attempts of raising the siege, prisoners taken, parleys; and, in short, all the circumstances of a formal siege, to appearance, and, what is most strange all without disorder, or ill accident, to the great satisfaction of a thousand spectators. Being night, it made a formidable show. The siege being over, I went with Mr. Pepys (age 41) back to London, where we arrived about three in the morning.

After 21 Aug 1780. Memorial to George Venables-Vernon 1st Baron Vernon (deceased) at All Saints Church, Sudbury [Map].

Sheen. On the 21st of August we examined a very large barrow [Map] [Brund Low [Map]] near Sheen, in Staffordshire, about 35 yards diameter and more than 9 feet deep, wholly composed of earth, which, near the natural surface, was mixed with charcoal, and varied by layers of moss. The latter in a great measure retained its natural colour, and contained many beetles, some of which were well preserved. About a yard from the bottom a thin ferruginous seam ran through the mound, perfectly solid and hard like pottery, which might possibly be the effect of heat. No interment was found, but there is little doubt of the existence of a deposit of calcined bones in some part of the mound.

The London Gazette 22538. 13 Aug 1861. War Office.

The Queen (age 41) has been graciously pleased to signify Her intention to confer the decoration of the Victoria Cross on the under-mentioned Officers and Soldiers, whose claims to the same have been submitted for Her Majesty's approval, on account of Acts of Bravery performed by them in China, on the occasion of the assault and capture of the North Taku Fort on the 21st of August, 1860, as recorded against their several names; viz.:

Table of Regiment, Rank and Name, Act of Bravery for which recommended.

67th Regiment (now of the 100th Regiment). Ensign (now Lieutenant) John Worthy Chaplin (age 21). For distinguished gallantry at the North Taku Fort. This Officer was carrying the Queen's Colour of the Regiment, and first planted the Colours on the breach made by the storming party, assisted |by Private Lane, of the 67th Regiment, and subsequently on the cavalier of the Fort, which he was the first to mount. In doing this, he was severely wounded.

After 26 Apr 1865. Monument to Emily Eglantine Balfour (deceased) who probably died in childbirth, or as a consequence of childbirth, having given birth to three children since her marriage on 21 Aug 1861. Sculpted by James Forsyth (age 37). Holy Cross Church, Burley-on-the-Hill [Map].

Emily Eglantine Balfour: On 21 Aug 1841 she was born to Colonel John Balfour 7th of Balbirnie and Georgiana Campbell. On 21 Aug 1861 George Henry Finch and she were married at St Peter's Church, Pimlico. They were half second cousin twice removed. On 26 Apr 1865 Emily Eglantine Balfour died at Burley-on-the-Hill, Rutlandshire.

Henry Chaplin A Memoir: 2 Family and Social Life Part II. 21st. [Aug 1876]—Our expedition to Frankfurt was on the whole a success, excepting that José Little and I lost every bet that we made. I may as well confess my shortcomings at once, as that mischievous Duchess [Teresa Colonna], who never leaves me in peace for a moment, threatens to write to you about me every hour of my life, but you may be comforted, for it was with difficulty I could get on more than a fiver a time, and my losses amounted to Z15 in all. We were a party of eight, and went in a conveyance chartered by the Duke, with four horses driven by a Homburg coachman, assisted by the " Ducal Courier "—that is to say, one held the whip, the other the reins, which you know, my dear Florrie, we should not consider to be at all orthodox anywhere else, I suppose, except here. How we got there and back safely I don't know till this moment, but such a turnout altogether I'm sure you never saw in your life. How can I describe it? A large waggonette, fit to hold six, but crammed with eight people, luckily most of them small ones, like me! an awning composed of stuff which looked like dirty green and white curtains: a hump-backed courier and an unwashed-looking coachman, with a cockade in his hat, and whiskers so long that you could have tied them behind his neck, completed the most aristocratic turn-out that was to be seen on Frankfurt race-course. Then the races themselves were 3/4 of them what I should call nothing but "—a ramp, I must explain, means something very ramps much like a robbery. I find they are quite as much if not more up to that kind of thing here as they are even in England, and consequently José and I, not being in the swim, lost our money upon each occasion.