On this Day in History ... 28th September
28 Sep is in September.
1014 Death of King Sweyn "Forkbeard"
1528 Sweating Sickness Outbreak
1599 Robert Devereux Earl Essex loses the Plot
Events on the 28th September
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1014. This year King Sweyne (age 54) ended his days at Candlemas, the third day before the nones of February; and the same year Elfwy, Bishop of York, was consecrated in London, on the festival of St. Juliana. The fleet all chose Knute (age 19) for king; whereupon advised all the counsellors of England, clergy and laity, that they should send after King Ethelred (age 48); saying, that no sovereign was dearer to them than their natural lord, if he would govern them better than he did before. Then sent the king hither his son Edward, with his messengers; who had orders to greet all his people, saying that he would be their faithful lord-would better each of those things that they disliked-and that each of the things should be forgiven which had been either done or said against him; provided they all unanimously, without treachery, turned to him. Then was full friendship established, in word and in deed and in compact, on either side. And every Danish king they proclaimed an outlaw for ever from England. Then came King Ethelred (age 48) home, in Lent, to his own people; and he was gladly received by them all. Meanwhile, after the death of Sweyne (age 54), sat Knute (age 19) with his army in Gainsborough [Map] until Easter; and it was agreed between him and the people of Lindsey, that they should supply him with horses, and afterwards go out all together and plunder. But King Ethelred (age 48) with his full force came to Lindsey before they were ready; and they plundered and burned, and slew all the men that they could reach. Knute (age 19), the son of Sweyne (age 54), went out with his fleet (so were the wretched people deluded by him), and proceeded southward until he came to Sandwich, Kent [Map]. There he landed the hostages that were given to his father, and cut off their hands and ears and their noses. Besides all these evils, the king ordered a tribute to the army that lay at Greenwich, Kent [Map], of 21,000 pounds. This year, on the eve of St. Michael's day, came the great sea-flood, which spread wide over this land, and ran so far up as it never did before, overwhelming many towns, and an innumerable multitude of people.
On 28 Sep 1106 King Henry I "Beauclerc" England (age 38) defeated his older brother Robert Curthose III Duke Normandy (age 55) at the Battle of Tinchebray at Tinchebray, Orne.
William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey and Robert Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester Count Meulan (age 66). Elias La Flèche De Baugency I Count Maine commanded the reserve. The following fought for Henry:
William "Brito aka Breton" D'Aubigny (age 20).
Alan Canhiart IV Duke Brittany (age 43).
Raoul Tosny (age 26).
William "Pincerna aka Butler" D'Aubigny (age 42).
Robert Grandesmil (age 28), and.
William Normandy I Count Évreux.
Robert Curthose III Duke Normandy (age 55) was captured and spent the next twenty-eight years in prison; never released.
William Mortain Count Mortain 2nd Earl Cornwall (age 22) was also captured. He spent the next thirty or more years in prison before becoming a monk. Earl Cornwall forfeit.
King Edgar Ætheling II of England (age 55) was captured and subsequently released; Henry had married to Edgar's niece Edith aka Matilda Dunkeld Queen Consort England (age 26) in 1100.
Robert II Belleme 2nd Count Ponthieu 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 50) escaped.
Robert Stuteville was captured.
On 28 Sep 1197 Henry Hohenstaufen VI Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) died.
Flowers of History 1233. Of the escape of Hubert de Burgh (age 63)/h.
About this time Peter bishop of Winchester, who above all things desired the death of Hubert de Burgh, who was a prisoner in Devizes castle [Map], without mentioning Hubert's name, earnestly begged of the king to give him charge of the said castle, being, as was said, in hopes of thus obtaining a chance of putting him to death. Hubert however was forewarned of all these plans by his friends at the king's court, and disclosed them to two retainers of the garrison of the castle who attended on him, and they, pitying his sufferings, devised a plan by which he might escape from death. They therefore watched their opportunity, and on the night of Michaelmas eve, when the garrison were asleep, one of them, whilst the other kept watch, took Hubert, fettered as he was, on his shoulders, and descended from the tower carrying his pious theft with which he passed entirely through the castle, unheard by the garrison, till he reached the great gate, where he went out, and, crossing a deep trench, though with much difficulty, made his way to the parochial church, and did not set down his burden till he arrived before the great altar. The two men who had set Hubert at liberty then refused to leave him, considering that it would be to their glory if they should suffer a temporal death for preserving the life of such a great man.
On 28 Sep 1330 Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia (age 38) died.
Paston Letters Volume 5 782. SIR JOHN PASTON (age 29) TO JOHN PASTON3
To hys well belovyd John Paston, Esquier, at Norwyche, or to Mestresse Margret, his Modre.
28 Sep 1471
I COMANDE me to yow, letyng yow weet that, &c.4
I wolde ffayne have the mesur wher my ffadre lythe at Bromholm; bothe the thyknesse and compase off the peler at hys hed, and ffrom that the space to the alter, and the thyknesse off that alter, and imagery off tymbre werk; and what hyght the arche is to the grounde off the ilde, and how hye the grounde off the qwyr is hyer than the grownde off the ilde.
Item, I praye yowe late the me sur by pekthred be taken or elt mesured by yerde, how moche is ffrom the northe gate, ther the brygge was, at Gressham to the sowthewall, and in lyke fforme ffrom the este syde to the west, also the hyght off the estewall, and the hyght of the sowthest towr ffrom the grownde, iff ye maye easely. Also what bred de every towr is within the wall, and whych towr is moor then other within.
Alsso how manye ffote, or what brede eche towr takythe within iche corner off the quadrate1 ovyrthwert the dorys, and how many taylors yards is from the moote syde, wher the brygg was, to the hyghe weye, or to the heddge all a longe the entre, and what brede the entre is be twyen the dykys. I praye yow, iff ye have a leyser in any wyse, se thys doone yowrselffe iff ye maye; or ellys iff Pampyng do it, or who that ye thynke can doo it, I wolle spende xxd. or as ye seme to have the sertayn off every thyng her in. And as for my Hiders tombe, I charge yow se it yowr selffe, and when I speke with yow I woll tell yow the cawses why that I desyr thys to be doon.
As ffor tydyngs, the Kyng, and the yen, and moche other pepell, ar ryden and goon to Canterbery, nevyr so moche peple seyn in Pylgrymage hertofor at ones, as men seye.
Alsso it is seyde that the Erle of Penbroke (age 39)2 is taken on to Brettayn; and men saye that the Kynge schall have delyvere off hym hastely, and som seye that the Kynge off France woll hym saffe, and schall sett hym at lyberte ageyn.
Item, Thomas Fauconbrydge (deceased) hys hed was yesterdaye sett uppon London Brydge, lokyng into Kent warde; and men seye that hys brother was sor hurte, and scope to seyntwarye [sanctuary] to Beverle [Map].
Sir Thomas FulfForthe escaped owt of Westminster with an C. sperys, as men seye, and is in to Devenshyr; and ther he hathe strekyn off Sir John Crokkers hed, and kylt an other knyght off the Corteneys, as men seye. I wolde ye hadd yowr verry pardon at onys; wherfor I praye yow ffayle not to be at London within iiij. daye afftr Seynt Feythe;1 ye schall do goode in many thynges, and I praye yow sende me worde heroff by the next mas senger; and if it come to Mestresse Elysabeth H yggens, at the Blak Swan, sche schall conveye it to me, fFor I woll not fFayle to be ther at London ageyn within thys vj. dayes.
Mestresse Elysabeth hathe a son, and was delyveryd within ij. dayes afFtr Seynt Bertelmew;2 and hyr dowtr A. H. was the next daye afftr delyveryd off an other sone, as sche seythe, xj. weks er hyr tyme; it was crystened John, and is ded. God save all! No mor tyll I speke with yow.
Wretyn at London on Mychellmesse Evyn.
J. P., K.
Item, I praye yow late some wytty felaw, or ellys yowrselff, goo to the townes ther as thes ij. women dwelle, and inquire whether they be maryed syns and ageyn or not, ffor I holde the hoorys weddyd; and iff they be, than the appelys wer abbatyd ther by. I remembr not ther names; ye knowe them better then I. Alsso in the Schreffvys bookys ther maye ye ffynde off them
Note 3. [From Fenn, ii. 80.] The evidences of date in this letter are the same as in the last.
Note 4. Here follows an account that the Duchess of Suffolk and Duke of Norfolk intend again commencing appeals against Sir John Paston and his brother, etc., concerning Caister, etc.-F.
Note 2. Jasper Tudor.
Note 1. A drawing is here given in the original letter, apparently designed as a plan of the quadrangle of Gresham, of which the subjoined is a facsimile.
Note 1. 5 th of October.
Note 2. 24 th of August.
Letters and Papers 1528. 28 Sep 1528. Cal. B. I. 84. B. M. 4790. Henry Earl Of Cumberland (age 35) to Wolsey.
Reminds him that he was appointed by the King last term to settle the differences that arose between himself and lord Dacres (age 35) touching his office of warden of the West Marches. The term being adjourned in consequence of the sweating sickness, he received a summons for this next term; but, fearing that Dacres would ill treat the King's tenants in these parts, he procured a letter from the King to Dacres, commanding him not to interfere1; nevertheless, Dacres sends bailiffs, with from 10 to 400 persons, to cut down their corn, has imprisoned some of the tenants in the castle of Naward, and would show no authority for so doing. Would have been glad to defend the tenants, but it seemed to touch the honesty of himself and his brother Sir Thos. Clifford. Obtained letters from the duke of Richmond (age 9) to Dacres (age 35), commanding him in the King's name to desist, but to no purpose. A sessions of peace was appointed by warrant addressed to Sir Edw. Musgrave, the sheriff, in the names of Sir Thos. Clifford, Sir Christ. Dacre, Sir John Lowther, and Geoffrey Lancaster, justices; but Dacres wrote to the sheriff, commanding him to repair to Naward castle for the King's affairs, so that he should be absent on the day appointed, and also kept the said Geoffrey, justice of the quorum and custos rotulorum of the county, at the said castle, as appears by Lancaster's letters to Sir Thos. Clifford, the bearer of this. Begs Wolsey not to give credit to evil reports against him. Will be with him at the beginning of next term. Carleton, 28 Sept. Signed.
Pp. 5. Add.: "To my lord Legat." Endd.
Note 1. See 26 Jun 1528.
Diary of Edward VI. 28 Sep 1550. The lord treasaurour (age 67) sent to London to geve order for the preservacion of the cite with th'elp of the mayor.
On 28 or 29 Sep 1551 Robert Crowley (age 34) was ordained by Bishop Nicholas Ridley (age 51).
Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1553. The xxviij day of September the Qwen('s) (age 37) grace removed from Sant James, and so to Whyt Hall, and ther her grace took her barge unto the Towre, and ther all the craftes and the mare and the aldermen in bargurs with stremars and mynstrells, as trum pets, wettes, shames, and regalls, and with a gret [shooting] of gunes tyll her grace cam in-to the Towr, and ...
Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1554. The xxviij day of September the Kyng (age 27) and the Quen (age 38) removyd from Hamtun court [Map] unto Westmynster tho her grace('s) plasse.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1559. The xxviij day of September, was Myghellmas-evyn, was the old bysshope of Durram doctur Dunstall (age 85) was deposyd of hys bysshope-pryke of Durram, be-cause he shuld not reseyff the rentes for that quarter.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1559. The xxviij day of September ther was preparyd for the berehyng of yonge lade Cobham (deceased), ix baners of sondre armes, and a viij dosen of skochyons of armes, and a x dosen penselles for her herse at Cobham, the wyche was never shyche [such] sene with lyke fassyon.
On 28 Sep 1599 Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex (age 33) presented himself to Elizabeth (age 66) in her bedchamber at Nonsuch Palace [Map] where he found the queen newly up, the hair about her face. Elizabeth had just a simple robe over her nightdress, her wrinkled skin was free of cosmetics and, without her wig. Essex saw her bald head with just wisps of thinning grey hair 'hanging about her ears'. The Queen confined the Earl to his rooms with the comment that "an unruly beast must be stopped of his provender.".
Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. 17 Feb 1623. There happened on Monday, the 17th day of the month, so strange an accident as after ages will scarce believe it. For Charles Prince of Wales (age 22) began his journey from London into Spain on Monday, the 17th day of February, with the beloved Marquis of Buckingham (age 30), Sir Francis Cottington (age 44), and Mr. Endimion Porter (age 36), only in his campaign; who only, besides the King himself, were the alone men aquainted with the Prince's resolution. Their going was so secretly carried as none, I believe, knew of it in England till they were landed in France, through which kingdom they passed by posthorse into Spain.1 The journey was thought so dangerous, being above 1100 English miles by land, besides the crossing of the seas between Dover and Calais, as all men were generally ensaddened at the ad- venture, often wishing it had been better advised upon; although they knew the Spaniards durst do the Prince no harm, so long as his royal sister and her illustrious oflspring survived. Soon after followed the Lord Hays (age 43), Earl of Carlisle, and passed into France to excuse to that King the Prince's sudden and secret passing through his kingdom without giving him a visit. All men now took it for granted, that the Prince's marriage with the Infanta Maria, the King of Spain's sister, was concluded on, and that he went over only to consummate it; no man imagining that he would take up such a resolution upon uncertainties, especially occasioning so vast and unnecessary expense at a time when the King's wants pressed him much. But God, whose decree binds princes as well as peasants, had otherwise disposed, so as our royal suitor, arriving at Madrid in Spain on Friday the 7th (or 17th) of March, about three weeks later his departure from London, and taking ship for his return to England on the 18th (or 28th) of September, then next ensuing, stayed in Spain about seven months; in all which time he seldom saw or spoke with the Spanish Princess, nor could ever receive a fair or sincere denial from her brother, although her marriage had been absolutely disposed of by her father's last will and testament; he bequeathing her to Ferdinand, son and heir of Ferdinand the Second, Emperor of Germany, who afterwards did accordingly espouse her.
Note 1. "And now behold a, strange adventure and enterprise! The Prince and the Marquis of Buckingham, accompanied with Cottington and Endimion Porter, post in disgiuse to Spain to accelerate the marriage. The 17th of February they went privately from Court, and the next day came to Dover, where they embarked for Boulogne, and from thence rode post to Paris, where they made some atop. The Prince, shadowed under a bushy peruque, beheld the splendour of that court, and had a full view of the Princess Henrietta Maria (age 13), who was afterwards his royal consort. For, besides the great privacy of the journey, they had so laid the English ports, that none should follow or give the least advertisement, until they had got the start of intelligencers, and passed the bounds of France. Howbeit they escaped narrowly, and a swift intelligence sent to the King of Spain from Don Carlos Coloma was even at their heels before they arrived at Madrid. The Prince and Buckingham being in the territories of Spain, to make but little noise, rode post before their company. The 7th of March they arrived at Madrid, the royal residence, and were conveyed with much secrecy into the Earl of Bristol's (age 43) house-Rushworth, i. p. 76. A fuller account of this extraordinary adventure will be found elsewhere.
On 15 Aug 1642 Henry Bourchier 5th Earl Bath (age 55) rejected a summons from the House of Lords which required his attendance at Parliament. On 23 Aug 1642 his arrest was ordered. On 28 Sep 1642 he was arrested at Tawstock Court, Devon and imprisoned at the Tower of London [Map].
Evelyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1648. I went to Albury, to visit the Countess of Arundel (age 38), and returned to Wotton, Surrey [Map].
Evelyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1651. I was shown a collection of books and prints made for the Duke of York (age 17).
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1660. Office Day. This morning Sir W. Batten (age 59) and Col. Slingsby (age 49) went with Col. Birch (age 45) and Sir Wm. Doyly to Chatham, Kent [Map] to pay off a ship there. So only Sir W. Pen (age 39) and I left here in town. All the afternoon among my workmen till 10 or 11 at night, and did give them drink and very merry with them, it being my luck to meet with a sort of drolling workmen on all occasions. To bed.
On 28 Sep 1663 Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton was born illegitimately to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 33) and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 22).
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1663. So to White Hall, where Sir J. Minnes (age 64) and I did spend an hour in the Gallery, looking upon the pictures, in which he hath some judgment. And by and by the Commissioners for Tangier met: and there my Lord Teviott, together with Captain Cuttance, Captain Evans, and Jonas Moore (age 46), sent to that purpose, did bring us a brave draught of the Mole to be built there; and report that it is likely to be the most considerable place the King of England (age 33) hath in the world; and so I am apt to think it will. After discourse of this, and of supplying the garrison with some more horse, we rose; and Sir J. Minnes (age 64) and I home again, finding the street about our house full, Sir R. Ford (age 49) beginning his shrievalty to-day and, what with his and our houses being new painted, the street begins to look a great deal better than it did, and more gracefull.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1663. Up, though with pain in my head, stomach, and ear, and that deaf so as in my way by coach to White Hall with Sir J. Minnes (age 64) I called at Mr. Holliard's (age 54), who did give me some pills, and tells me I shall have my hearing again and be well.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1664. So to dinner, and after dinner by coach to White Hall, thinking to have met at a Committee of Tangier, but nobody being there but my Lord Rutherford, he would needs carry me and another Scotch Lord to a play, and so we saw, coming late, part of "The Generall", my Lord Orrery's (age 43) (Broghill) second play; but, Lord! to see how no more either in words, sense, or design, it is to his "Harry the 5th" is not imaginable, and so poorly acted, though in finer clothes, is strange. And here I must confess breach of a vowe in appearance, but I not desiring it, but against my will, and my oathe being to go neither at my own charge nor at another's, as I had done by becoming liable to give them another, as I am to Sir W. Pen (age 43) and Mr. Creed; but here I neither know which of them paid for me, nor, if I did, am I obliged ever to return the like, or did it by desire or with any willingness. So that with a safe conscience I do think my oathe is not broke and judge God Almighty will not think it other wise.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1665. Up, and being mightily pleased with my night's lodging, drank a cup of beer, and went out to my office, and there did some business, and so took boat and down to Woolwich, Kent [Map] (having first made a visit to Madam Williams, who is going down to my Lord Bruncker (age 45)) and there dined, and then fitted my papers and money and every thing else for a journey to Nonsuch [Map] to-morrow.
Evelyn's Diary. 28 Sep 1665. To the General (age 56) again, to acquaint him of the deplorable state of our men for want of provisions; returned with orders.
On 28 Sep 1667 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 16). On 13 Jan 1668 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain died. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1668. By and by comes Sir W. GoDolphin to see Mr. Sidney, who, I perceive, is much dissatisfied that he should come to town last night, and not yet be with my Lord Arlington (age 50), who, and all the town, hear of his being come to town, and he did, it seems, take notice of it to GoDolphin this morning: so that I perceive this remissness in affairs do continue in my Lord's managements still, which I am sorry for; but, above all, to see in what a condition my Lord is for money, that I dare swear he do not know where to take up £500 of any man in England at this time, upon his word, but of myself, as I believe by the sequel hereof it will appear. Here I first saw and saluted my Lady Burlington (age 55), a very fine-speaking lady, and a good woman, but old, and not handsome; but a brave woman in her parts. Here my Lady Hinchingbroke tells me that she hath bought most of the wedding-clothes for Mrs. Pickering (age 26), so that the thing is gone through, and will soon be ended; which I wonder at, but let them do as they will. Here I also, standing by a candle that was brought for sealing of a letter, do set my periwigg a-fire, which made such an odd noise, nobody could tell what it was till they saw the flame, my back being to the candle.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1668. Thence to Westminster Hall [Map] and there walked a little, and to the Exchequer, and so home by water, and after eating a bit I to my vintner's, and there did only look upon su wife, which is mighty handsome; and so to my glove and ribbon shop, in Fenchurch Street [Map], and did the like there. And there, stopping against the door of the shop, saw Mrs. Horsfall, now a late widow, in a coach. I to her, and shook her by the hand, and so she away; and I by coach towards the King's playhouse, and meeting W. Howe took him with me, and there saw "The City Match"; not acted these thirty years, and but a silly play: the King (age 38) and Court there; the house, for the women's sake, mighty full. So I to White Hall, and there all the evening on the Queen's (age 29) side; and it being a most summerlike day, and a fine warm evening, the Italians come in a barge under the leads, before the Queen's (age 29) drawing-room; and so the Queen (age 29) and ladies went out, and heard them, for almost an hour: and it was indeed very good together; but yet there was but one voice that alone did appear considerable, and that was Seignor Joanni. This done, by and by they went in; and here I saw Mr. Sidney Montagu kiss the Queen's (age 29) hand, who was mighty kind to him, and the ladies looked mightily on him; and the King (age 38) come by and by, and did talk to him. So I away by coach with Alderman Backewell (age 50) home, who is mighty kind to me, more than ordinary, in his expressions. But I do hear this day what troubles me, that Sir W. Coventry (age 40) is quite out of play, the King (age 38) seldom speaking to him; and that there is a design of making a Lord Treasurer, and that my Lord Arlington (age 50) shall be the man; but I cannot believe it. But yet the Duke of Buckingham (age 40) hath it in his mind, and those with him, to make a thorough alteration in things; and, among the rest, Coventry (age 40) to be out. The Duke of York (age 34) did this day tell me how hot the whole party was in the business of GaudenGawden; and particularly, my Lord Anglesey (age 54) tells me, the Duke of Buckingham (age 40), for Child against Gawden; but the Duke of York (age 34) did stand stoutly to it.
Pepy's Diary. 28 Sep 1668. Thence to my Lord Burlington's (age 55) houses the first time I ever was there, it being the house built by Sir John Denham (age 53), next to Clarendon House; and here I visited my Lord Hinchingbrooke (age 20) and his lady; Mr. Sidney Montagu (age 18) being come last night to town unexpectedly from Mount's Bay, where he left my Lord well, eight days since, so as we may now hourly expect to hear of his arrival at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map]. Sidney (age 18) is mighty grown; and I am glad I am here to see him at his first coming, though it cost me dear, for here I come to be necessitated to supply them with £500 for my Lord. He sent him up with a declaration to his friends, of the necessity of his being presently supplied with £2000; but I do not think he will get one. However, I think it becomes my duty to my Lord to do something extraordinary in this, and the rather because I have been remiss in writing to him during this voyage, more than ever I did in my life, and more indeed than was fit for me.
On 28 Sep 1688 James Butler 2nd Duke Ormonde (age 23) was appointed 496th Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 54).
Roger Whitley's Diary. 28 Sep 1690. Sonday, I was not at church; no company with us all day.
On 28 Sep 1691 Anna Walpole (age 35) died. She was buried at All Saints Church, Narborough [Map].
Anna Walpole: On 18 Apr 1656 she was born to Edward Walpole of Houghton and Susan Crane. Before 28 Sep 1691 Mundeford Spelman and she were married.
On 28 Sep 1714 Frederica Louise Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia (age 26) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia (age 27). She a granddaughter of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.31%.
Between 28 Sep 1781 and 19 Oct 1781 the 1781 Battle of Yorktown was fought was a decisive victory by a combined force of the American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington (age 49) and Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, and French Army troops led by Comte de Rochambeau over British Army troops commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis (age 42).
Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis (age 42) and Charles Gould aka Morgan 2nd Baronet (age 21) were captured.
On 28 Sep 1796 Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 31) and Louise Auguste possible father Johann Friedrich Struensee Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 25) at Copenhagen. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1840 George Edward Waldegrave 7th Earl Waldegrave (age 24) and Frances Braham Countess Waldegrave (age 19) were married at Gretna Green, Dumfrieshire thereby avoiding the constraint of the 1835 Marriage Act. He being the legitimate younger brother of her first husband John James Waldegrave; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of John James Waldegrave 6th Earl Waldegrave. He a great x 4 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.
The Diary of George Price Boyce 1851. 28 Sep 1851. September 28. Discussion with Mr. Topham (age 43) on Ruskin (age 32), and his opinion seemed to be that he was a very clever writer but no artist, and not having any pretension to constituting himself a judge in art matters.
Adeline Horsey Recollections. On September 28, 1858, my marriage took place at the Military Chapel Gibraltar, and I was the first Countess of Cardigan to be married on foreign soil, I wore a white silk gown draped with a blue scarf, and a large hat adorned with many feathers; Lord Cardigan's (age 60) friends, Stuart Paget, Mrs, Paget and the Misses Paget, were present, and we gave a ball on the yacht in the evening. We spent a very gay week at Gibraltar, and then left for Cádiz, touching at Malacca and Alicante; then we took rail to Madrid [Map], where we arrived on October 16 in time to witness a review of 30,000 troops on Queen Isabella's (age 27) birthday. After a short stay at Madrid we rejoined the Airedale at Barcelona [Map], and went 500 miles by sea to Leghorn. We experienced bad weather and many storms, and every one on board was ill except myself. The cook was a great sufferer, and his absence was naturally felt by those who were able to look at food without aversion.
From Leghorn we went to Elba, when I saw the place Napoleon embarked from after the "hundred days". We left the Airedale at Civiti Vecchia and started for Rome, Italy [Map] in our travelling-carriage with six horses, escorted by some of the Papal Guard sent by the Pope to protect us. I met many of my friends in the Eternal City; I saw everything worth seeing during my delightful sojourn there, and before we left Lord Cardigan and I were blessed by the Pope at an audience we had with his Holiness. As I wished to go to Genoa by sea, we returned to Civita Vecchia and set out in the yacht for Genoa, where we landed; we went from there to Turin, and on by rail by the Mont Cenis route to Paris [Map].
Paris was then a city of delight, revelling in the palmy days of the Second Empire, and I greatly enjoyed my visit there. One night I went to the Opera with Cardigan and we saw Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Trelawney in a box. Mrs. Trelawney was the famous Miss Howard, once the English mistress of Louis Napoleon (age 50), who paid her £250,000 when he renounced her to marry Eugenie de Montijo (age 32). Mrs. Trelawney annoyed the Emperor (age 50) and Empress (age 32) as much as she dared by sitting opposite the Royal box at the Opera, and driving almost immediately behind the Empress's (age 32) carriage in the Bois de Boulogne. She was a very fat woman, and her embonpoint increased to such an extent that the doors of her carriage had to be enlarged to allow her to get in and out with comfort.
Clarence Trelawney was a friend of mine, and the poor fellow came to a sad end. After his wife's death he married an American lady, but unfortunately he got into debt. He appealed to his relations, who were very wealthy but apparently equally mean, for they refused to lend him the £400 he asked for, and driven desperate by worry he blew out his brains.
From Paris we came to London and stayed at Lord Cardigan's town-house in Portman Square Marylebone; then we went to Deene [Map] on December 14, where we met with a royal reception, six hundred tenants on horseback escorting our carriage from the station to the house.
After 28 Sep 1878. St Mary's Church, Chirk [Map]. Memorial to Thomas Myddelton-Biddulph (deceased).
Thomas Myddelton-Biddulph: On 29 Jul 1809 he was born to Robert Myddelton-Biddulph and Charlotte Myddelton. On 16 Feb 1857 he and Mary Frederica Seymour were married. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 10 Mar 1863 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire being knighted on 27 Mar 1863. On 28 Sep 1878 he died.
On 28 Sep 1915 Thomas Agar-Robartes (age 35) was wounded in the Battle of Loos.
Births on the 28th September
After 28 Sep 1361 Beatrice Stewart Countess Douglas and Avondale was born to Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany (age 21) and Margaret Graham Countess Menteith and Fife (age 27).
On 28 Sep 1570 Richard Hoghton 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Hoghton of Hoghton Tower in Lancashire and Anne Keighley (age 21).
On 28 Sep 1578 Margaret Lennard was born to Samson Lennard Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 34) and Margaret Fiennes 11th Baroness Dacre of Gilsland (age 37).
On 28 Sep 1610 Henry Hastings 1st Baron Loughborough was born to Henry Hastings 5th Earl Huntingdon (age 24) and Elizabeth Stanley Countess Huntingdon (age 22) at Loughborough.
On 28 Sep 1626 Elizabeth Murray Duchess Lauderdale was born to William Murray 1st Earl Dysart (age 26).
On 28 Sep 1663 Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton was born illegitimately to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 33) and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 22).
On 28 Sep 1667 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 16). On 13 Jan 1668 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain died. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
On 28 Sep 1677 Helen Hope Countess Haddington was born to John Hope of Hopetoun and Margaret Hamilton.
On 28 Sep 1686 Mary Murray was born to John Murray 1st Duke Atholl (age 26) and Catherine Hamilton Duchess Atholl (age 24).
On 28 Sep 1690 James Murray 2nd Duke Atholl was born to John Murray 1st Duke Atholl (age 30) and Catherine Hamilton Duchess Atholl (age 28).
On 28 Sep 1705 Rowland Hill 1st Baronet was born to John Hill (age 26).
On 28 Sep 1705 Henry Fox 1st Baron Holland was born to Stephen Fox (age 78).
On 28 Sep 1714 Frederica Louise Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia (age 26) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia (age 27). She a granddaughter of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.31%.
On 28 Sep 1732 Edward Dering 6th Baronet was born to Edward Dering 5th Baronet (age 27) and Elizabeth Henshaw Lady Dering.
On 28 Sep 1735 Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton was born to Augustus Fitzroy (age 18) and Elizabeth Cosby (age 14). He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 01 Sep 1738 Elizabeth Temple was born to Field Marshal Richard Temple 1st Viscount Cobham (age 62) and Anne Halsey Viscountess Cobham. She was baptised at St James' Church, Piccadilly on 28 Sep 1738.
On 28 Sep 1744 Charles Marsham 1st Earl Romney was born to Robert Marsham 2nd Baron Romney (age 32) and Priscilla Pym Baroness Romney.
On 28 Sep 1765 Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 44) and Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg at Augustenborg, Als Island.
On 28 Sep 1770 William Craven 1st Earl Craven was born to William Craven 6th Baron Craven (age 32) and Elizabeth Berkeley Margrave Brandenburg Ansbach (age 19). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1770 Thomas James Twisleton was born to Major-General Thomas Twisleton 7th or 13th Baron Saye and Sele (age 35).
On 28 Sep 1774 Charles Leslie Pepys 2nd Baronet was born to Lucas Pepys 1st Baronet (age 32) and Jane Elizabeth Leslie 12th Countess of Rothes (age 24).
On 28 Sep 1774 Anna Bennett was born to Charles Bennet 4th Earl Tankerville (age 30) and Emma Colebrooke Countess Tankerville (age 22).
On 28 Sep 1780 Henry Cockayne-Cust was born to Brownlow Cust 1st Baron Brownlow (age 35) and Frances Bankes Baroness Brownlow.
On 28 Sep 1783 Luise Oldenburg was born to Friedrich Karl Ludwig Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 26) and Friederike Schlieben Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck.
On 28 Sep 1785 Gregory Osborne Page-Turner 4th Baronet was born to Gregory Page-Turner 3rd Baronet (age 37).
On 28 Sep 1789 Louise Caroline Hesse-Kassel Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg was born to Charles Hesse-Kassel (age 44) and Louise Oldenburg (age 39). She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.89%.
On 28 Sep 1791 Charles Fitzroy was born to George Henry Fitzroy 4th Duke Grafton (age 31) and Charlotte Maria Waldegrave (age 29). He a great x 3 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1794 Edward Robert Petre of Stapleton Park was born to Robert Edward Petre 9th Baron Petre (age 52) and Juliana Barbara Howard Baroness Petre (age 25). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1796 Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 31) and Louise Auguste possible father Johann Friedrich Struensee Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 25) at Copenhagen. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1804 Charles Fitzroy 3rd Baron Southampton was born to George Fitzroy 2nd Baron Southampton (age 43) and Frances Isabella Seymour Baroness Southampton. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.56%.
On 28 Sep 1816 George John Hamilton-Gordon 5th Earl Aberdeen was born to George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl Aberdeen (age 32) and Harriet Douglas Countess Aberdeen (age 24).
On 28 Sep 1822 Thomas Lyon Bowes 12th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne was born to Thomas George Lyon Bowes (age 21) and Charlotte Grimstead (age 25).
On 28 Sep 1823 Alexandre Cabanel was born.
On 28 Sep 1831 George Philip Cecil Arthur Stanhope 7th Earl Chesterfield was born to George Stanhope 6th Earl Chesterfield (age 26) and Anne Weld-Forester Countess Chesterfield (age 29).
On 28 Sep 1836 Edward Partington 1st Baron Doverdale was born.
On 28 Sep 1839 Walter Talbot Kerr was born to John Kerr 7th Marquess Lothian (age 45) and Cecil Chetwynd-Talbot Marchioness Lothian (age 31).
On 28 Sep 1861 Constance Hamlyn-Fane Baroness Manners was born to Colonel Henry Edward Fane aka Hamlyn-Fane (age 44).
On 28 Sep 1864 Henry Pelham-Clinton 7th Duke Newcastle-under-Lyme was born to Henry Pelham Alexander Pelham-Clinton 6th Duke Newcastle-under-Lyme (age 30) and Henrietta Adela Hope Duchess Newcastle under Lyne (age 21).
On 28 Sep 1877 Walter Bennet Wrottesley was born to Arthur Wrottesley 3rd Baron Wrottesley (age 53) and Augusta Elizabeth Denison Baroness Wrottesley (age 44).
On 28 Sep 1906 William Hare 5th Earl of Listowel was born to Richard Granville Hare 4th Earl of Listowel (age 40).
On 28 Sep 1923 Walter Francis Montagu-Douglas-Scott 9th Duke Buccleuch 11th Duke Queensberry was born to Walter Scott 8th Duke Buccleuch 10th Duke Queensberry (age 28) and Vreda Lascelles Duchess Buccleuch and Queensbury (age 23).
On 28 Sep 1924 John Michael Robert Best-Shaw 10th Baronet was born to John James Kenward Shaw aka Best-Shaw 9th Baronet (age 29) and Elizabeth Mary Theodora Hughes Lady Shaw (age 28).
On 28 Sep 1927 Thomas Henry Stanley 8th Baron Stanley, 8th Baron Sheffield, 7th Baron Eddisbury was born to Oliver Hugh Stanley (age 47) and Alice Kathleen Violet Thynne (age 36).
On 28 Sep 1937 Michael Hugh Paulet St John-Mildmay 12th Baronet was born to Michael Paulet St John-Mildmay (age 36).
On 28 Sep 1938 Edward Philip Antrobus 8th Baronet was born to Philip Coutts Antrobus 7th Baronet (age 30).
On 28 Sep 1941 Mary Penelope Verney-Cave 8th Baroness Braye was born to Thomas Adrian Verney-Cave 7th Baron Braye (age 39).
Marriages on the 28th September
On 28 Sep 1162 Floris Gerulfing III Count Holland (age 21) and Ada Dunkeld Countess Holland (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess Holland. She the daughter of Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria (age 42). He the son of Dirk Gerulfing VI Count Holland and Sophie Salm Countess Holland (age 42).
On 28 Sep 1361 Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany (age 21) and Margaret Graham Countess Menteith and Fife (age 27) were married. He by marriage Earl Menteith. She the daughter of John Graham Earl Menteith and Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar. He the son of King Robert II of Scotland (age 45) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. He a great x 4 grandson of King John "Lackland" of England.
On 28 Sep 1364 Jean Bourbon I Count La Marche (age 20) and Catherine Vendome were married. She by marriage Countess La Marche. He the son of James Bourbon Count La Marche and Ponthieu and Jeanne Chatillon Countess La Marche (age 44). He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
After 28 Sep 1604 William Murray 2nd Earl Tullibardine (age 30) and Dorothea Stewart Countess Tullibardine were married. She the daughter of John Stewart 5th Earl Atholl and Mary Ruthven Countess Atholl. He the son of John Murray 1st Earl Tullibardine and Catherine Drummond Countess Tullibardine. They were second cousin once removed.
On 28 Sep 1670 Orlando Bridgeman 1st Baronet (age 20) and Mary Cave Lady Bridgeman (age 16) were married. He the son of Bishop John Bridgeman.
On 28 Sep 1727 Halswell Tynte 3rd Baronet (age 21) and Mary Waters Lady Tynte were married. She by marriage Lady Tynte of Halswell in Somerset. They had two daughters
Before 28 Sep 1744 Robert Marsham 2nd Baron Romney (age 32) and Priscilla Pym Baroness Romney were married. She by marriage Baroness Romney.
On 28 Sep 1749 Bourchier Wrey 6th Baronet (age 35) and Mary Edwards Lady Wrey were married at St Stephen's Church, Walbrook. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. There was no issue from the marriage.
On 28 Sep 1755 John Molesworth 5th Baronet (age 26) and Frances Smyth were married.
On 28 Sep 1799 Robert Shirley 7th Earl Ferrers (age 43) and Elizabeth Mundy Countess Ferrers were married. She by marriage Countess Ferrers. He the son of Robert Shirley 6th Earl Ferrers and Catherine Cotton Countess Ferrers.
Before 28 Sep 1804 George Fitzroy 2nd Baron Southampton (age 43) and Frances Isabella Seymour Baroness Southampton were married. She by marriage Baroness Southampton. They were second cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1840 George Edward Waldegrave 7th Earl Waldegrave (age 24) and Frances Braham Countess Waldegrave (age 19) were married at Gretna Green, Dumfrieshire thereby avoiding the constraint of the 1835 Marriage Act. He being the legitimate younger brother of her first husband John James Waldegrave; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of John James Waldegrave 6th Earl Waldegrave. He a great x 4 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Sep 1848 John Manners-Sutton 2nd Baron Manners (age 30) and Lydia Sophia Dashwood (age 23) were married. They were fourth cousins.
On 28 Sep 1853 Claude Bowes-Lyon 13th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 29) and Frances Dora Smith Countess Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 21) were married.
On 28 Sep 1905 Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex (age 21) and Mary Eveline Stewart Freeman were married. He the son of George Capell 7th Earl of Essex (age 47) and Ellenor Harriet Maria Harford.
On 28 Sep 1939 Edward FitzClarence 6th Earl of Munster (age 39) and Vivian Scholfield were married. There was no issue from the marriage. He a great x 2 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.
On 28 Sep 1974 Arthur Gore 9th Earl of Arran (age 36) and Eleanor van Cutsem (age 25) were married. He the son of Arthur Gore 8th Earl of Arran (age 64) and Fiona Colquhoun Countess of Arran (age 56).
Deaths on the 28th September
On 28 Sep 1197 Henry Hohenstaufen VI Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) died.
On 28 Sep 1330 Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia (age 38) died.
On 28 Sep 1359 Maud Pateshull Baroness Fauconberg (age 36) died.
On 28 Sep 1381 Taddea Visconti Duchess Bavaria (age 30) died.
After 28 Sep 1429 Cymburgis Masovia Duchess Austria (age 35) died.
On 28 Sep 1464 Margaret Percy Baroness Grey Codnor (age 55) died.
On 28 Sep 1485 Margaret Fenne Baroness Bergavenny died.
On 28 Sep 1652 Ralph Hopton 1st Baron Hopton (age 56) died.
On 28 Sep 1702 Robert Spencer 2nd Earl of Sunderland (age 61) died at Althorp House, Northamptonshire [Map]. His son Charles Spencer 3rd Earl of Sunderland (age 27) succeeded 3rd Earl of Sunderland, 5th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Anne Churchill Countess Sunderland (age 19) by marriage Countess of Sunderland.
On 28 Sep 1716 Edward Acton 3rd Baronet (age 66) died. His son Whitmore Acton 4th Baronet (age 39) succeeded 4th Baronet Acton of Aldenham Hall.
On 28 Sep 1725 Diana Verney Lady Schuckburgh died.
On 23 or 28 Sep 1728 Garret Wesley (age 63) died. His estates were inherited by Richard Colley aka Wesley 1st Baron Mornington (age 38) who adopted the surname Wesley as a condition of the will.
On 28 Sep 1733 Charles Howard 9th Earl Suffolk (age 58) died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son Henry Howard 10th Earl Suffolk (age 26) succeeded 10th Earl Suffolk.
On 28 Sep 1741 Edward Bayly 1st Baronet (age 57) died. His son Nicholas Bayly 2nd Baronet Bayly of Plas Newydd in Anglesey (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baronet Bayly of Plas Newydd in Anglesey.
On 28 Sep 1747 John Drummond 4th Duke Perth (age 33) died unmarried. His uncle John Drummond 5th Duke Perth (age 67) succeeded 5th Duke Perth.
On 21 Sep 1759 Elizabeth Orde Lady Blackett died. She was buried on 28 Sep 1759 at the Cathedral Church St Nicholas, Newcastle upon Tyne [Map].
On 28 Sep 1784 Thomas Moncrieffe 4th Baronet (age 52) died.
On 28 Sep 1844 George Henry Fitzroy 4th Duke Grafton (age 84) died. His son Henry Fitzroy 5th Duke Grafton (age 54) succeeded 5th Duke Grafton, 5th Earl Euston, 5th Viscount Ipswich, 5th Baron Sudbury, 6th Earl Arlington, 6th Viscount Thetford, 6th Baron Arlington of Arlington in Middlesex and 6th Baron Arlington of Arlington in Middlesex. Mary Caroline Berkeley Duchess Grafton (age 49) by marriage Duchess Grafton.
On 28 Sep 1846 George Edward Waldegrave 7th Earl Waldegrave (age 30) died. His uncle William Waldegrave 8th Earl Waldegrave (age 57) succeeded 8th Earl Waldegrave, 9th Baron Waldegrave Chewton Somerset, 12th Baronet Waldegrave of Hever Castle. His wife Frances Braham Countess Waldegrave (age 25) inherited Strawberry Hill House.
On 28 Sep 1848 Richard Noel-Hill 4th Baron Berwick (age 73) died. He was buried at St Eata's Church, Atcham. His son Richard Noel Noel-Hill 5th Baron Berwick (age 47) succeeded 5th Baron Berwick of Attingham in Shropshire.
On 28 Sep 1858 Charles Des Voeux 2nd Baronet (age 79) died. His son Henry William Des Voeux 3rd Baronet (age 51) succeeded 3rd Baronet De Vouex of Indiaville in Queen's County. Sophia Catherine Coventry Lady Gresley and Des Voeux by marriage Lady De Vouex of Indiaville in Queen's County.
On 28 Sep 1872 Delaval Loftus Astley 18th Baron Hastings (age 47) died. His son Bernard Edward Delaval Astley 19th Baron Hastings (age 17) succeeded 19th Baron Hastings, 9th Baronet Astley of Hill Morton.
On 28 Sep 1907 Frederick Grand Duke of Baden (age 81) died.
On 28 Sep 1933 Winifred Anne Henrietta Christina Herbert Baroness Burghclere (age 69) died.
On 28 Sep 1941 Admiral Edward Fitzherbert 13th Baron Stafford (age 77) died unmarried. His nephew Basil Fitzherbert 14th Baron Stafford (age 15) succeeded 14th Baron Stafford.
On 28 Sep 1978 Violet Miriam Nightingale Clay Baroness Vernon (age 83) died.
On 28 Sep 1984 Gerard Wallop 9th Earl of Portsmouth (age 86) died. His grandson Quentin Wallop 10th Earl of Portsmouth (age 30) succeeded 10th Earl Portsmouth, 10th Viscount Lymington, 10th Baron Wallop of Farley Wallop Hampshire.
On 28 Sep 1985 Thomas Littleton 7th Baron Hatherton (age 77) died. His first cousin once removed Edward Littleton 8th Baron Hatherton (age 35) succeeded 8th Baron Hatherton.
On 28 Sep 1992 William Douglas-Home Baron Dacre (age 80) died.