1190-1200 Crusade and Richard I Captured

1190-1200 Crusade and Richard I Captured is in 12th Century Events.

Massacre of the Jews at Stamford

On 07 Mar 1190 at Stamford [Map] during the Easter Fair a significant number of the Jewish population were murdered.

Massacre of the Jews at York

On 17 Mar 1190 at York [Map] the Jewish population sought protection from violence in Clifford's Tower. The tower was besieged by the mob of crusaders preparing to leave on the Third Crusade. The Jewish men killed their wives and children, after which they set fire to the wooden keep. Those who did escape were murdered.

Massacre of the Jews at Bury St Edmunds

On 18 Mar 1190 at Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk [Map] fifty-seven of the Jewish population were murdered.

Siege of Acre

In 1190 at the Siege of Acre Routrou Chateaudun IV Count Perche (age 55) and Raoul Coucy (age 55) were killed.

William Ferrers 3rd Earl of Derby (age 54) was killed. His son William Ferrers 4th Earl of Derby (age 22) succeeded 4th Earl Derby. Agnes Gernon Countess Derby by marriage Countess Derby.

In 1191 Waleran V de Beaumont Count of Meulan died at the Siege of Acre.

On 15 Oct 1191 Raoul I Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (age 51) was killed during the Siege of Acre.

Richard I Takes Messina

On 04 Oct 1190 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 33) attacked and captured Messina, Sicily [Map].

Richard I arrives Limasol

On 01 May 1191 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 33) arrived in Limassol [Map] where he met with Guy I King Jerusalem (age 41).

Wedding of King Richard I and Berengaria of Navarre

On 12 May 1191 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 33) and Berengaria of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 26) were married at Chapel of St George at Limassol Castle [Map]. She was crowned Queen Consort England. She the daughter of Sancho "Wise" King Navarre (age 59) and Sancha Ivrea. He the son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 69). They were half fourth cousins.

Richard's sister Joan Plantagenet Queen Consort Sicily (age 25) was present.

Richard I Lands at Acre

On 08 Jun 1191 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 33) landed at Acre [Map].

Attempt of Jerusalem

In Jun 1192 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 34) and the crusader army advanced on Jerusalem [Map] coming within sight of it before factionalism caused the army to retreat.

Capture of Richard I

On 09 Oct 1192 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 35) left the Holy Land for England. Bad weather forced him to land at Corfu [Map]. Richard sailed from Corfu but his ship was wrecked at Aquileia [Map] from where he travelled overland.

Around 25 Dec 1192 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 35) was captured near Vienna [Map] by Leopold V Duke of Austria (age 35) who blamed Richard for the death of his cousin Conrad of Montferrat. Further, Richard had offended Leopold by casting down his standard from the walls of Acre. Leopold imprisoned Richard at Dürnstein Castle [Map]. Leopold was excommunicated by Pope Celestine III for having imprisoned a crusader. He, Richard, had travelled from Aquileia [Map] which suggests he was taking an easterly route around the Alps rather than travelling westerly through Lombardy, or across the Alps, both of which would have been shorter.

On 28 Mar 1193 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 35) was handed over to Henry Hohenstaufen VI Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) who imprisoned him in Trifels Castle [Map].

Richard I's Ransom

In Dec 1193 Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 71) left Orford, Suffolk [Map] with her son Richard's (age 36) ranson of 100,000 marks in silver and 200 hostages. She was accompanied by Archbishop Walter de Coutances and Bishop William Longchamp. Hubert Walter Bishop of Salisbury (age 33) was Regent of England in her absence.

Richard I Released

On 04 Feb 1194 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 36) was released from his captivity; his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 72) having brought the ransom of 100,000 pounds of silver. On release King Philip II of France (age 28) is said to have sent a message to the future King John (age 27) "Look to yourself; the devil is loose".

Richard Lionheart Returns to England

On 04 Mar 1194 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 36) and his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 72) sailed from Antwerp [Map] on board the Trenchemer. The royal admiral, Stephen of Turnham, who was commanding in person, had to employ experienced pilots to take her through the coastal islets and out into the estuary of the Scheldt. It was a long crossing, perhaps deliberately so, to avoid ambush. The Trenchemer was escorted by a large cog from the Cinque port of Rye [Map].

King Richard "Lionheart" I of England and his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England landed in England at Sandwich, Kent [Map].

Richard I Re-crowned

Death of Richard I

On 06 Apr 1199 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 41) was besieging Châlus Chabrol Castle, Domfront. During the course of the evening King Richard "Lionheart" I of England was shot by a crossbow. The wound quickly became gangrenous; Richard died in the arms of his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 77). His brother King John of England (age 32) succeeded I King England.

There was a brother between Richard and John named Geoffrey Duke of Brittany who had a son Arthur (age 12), who was around twelve, and a daughter Eleanor (age 15), who was around fifteen, whose mother was Constance Penthièvre Duchess Brittany (age 38).

King Philip II of France (age 33) had planned for Eleanor to marry his son, probably to bring Brittany into the French Royal family, possibly to pursue a claim on England.

King Philip II of France supported Arthur's claim to the English throne. In the resulting war Arthur was captured, imprisoned and never seen again. Eleanor was captured, probably around the same time as Arthur, and imprisoned, more or less, for the remainder of her life, even after King John's death through the reign of King Henry III since she represented a threat to Henry's succession.

Coronation of King John

On 27 May 1199 King John of England (age 32) was crowned I King England by Archbishop Hubert Walter (age 39) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Bishop Herbert Poore attended.