1360-1369 Black Monday Hailstorm
1360-1369 Black Monday Hailstorm is in 14th Century Events.
1360 Creation of Garter Knights
In 1360 King Edward III of England (age 47) created new Garter Knights:
31st Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred (age 68).
32nd Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny (age 50).
33rd Frank Hale.
34th Thomas Ufford (age 27).
Black Monday Hailstorm
On 13 Apr 1360 a freak weather event known as Black Monday Hailstorm occurred as the army of King Edward III of England (age 47) were camped outside Chartres [Map]. Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 47), William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton (age 50), Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster (age 50), Edward "Black Prince" (age 29) and Walter Mauny were present. Around one thousand English were killed, with up to six thousand horses. King Edward III of England believed the event to be an Act of God and proceeded to negotiate with the French resulting in the Treaty of Brétigny.
On 28 Apr 1360 Guy Beauchamp died from injuries received during the Black Monday Hailstorm.
Treaty of Brétigny
On 08 May 1360 King Edward III of England (age 47) and King John "The Good" II of France (age 41), and their eldest sons Edward "Black Prince" (age 29) and the future King Charles V of France (age 21), ratified the Treaty of Brétigny at Calais [Map]. Louis Valois Anjou I Duke Anjou (age 20) and John Valois 1st Duke Berry (age 19) were given as hostages.
Philip "Bold" Valois II Duke Burgundy (age 18) was ransomed. The treaty confirmed lands held by King Edward III of England including Aquitaine.
King John "The Good" II of France was ransomed for three million écus being released after the payment of the first third.
Bishop William of Wykeham (age 40) was present.
The Treaty was signed on 24 Oct 1360 at Calais.
Release of King John II of France
On 30 Jun 1360 King John "The Good" II of France (age 41) left the Tower of London [Map] and proceeded to Eltham Palace, Kent [Map] where Queen Philippa (age 46) had prepared a great farewell entertainment. Passing the night at Dartford, Kent [Map], he continued towards Dover, Kent [Map], stopping at the Maison Dieu of St Mary at Ospringe, and paying homage at the shrine of St Thomas Becket at Canterbury [Map] on 04 Jul 1360. He dined with the Black Prince (age 30) at Dover Castle [Map], and reached English-held Calais [Map] on 08 Jul 1360.
1361 Creation of Garter Knights
In 1361 King Edward III of England (age 48) created three of his sons as Garter Knights ...
35th Lionel Plantagenet 1st Duke of Clarence (age 22).
36th John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 20).
37th Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York (age 19).
38th Edward Despencer 1st Baron Despencer, Baron Burghesh (age 25).
1361 Plague Outbreak
On 04 Oct 1361 John Mowbray 3rd Baron Mowbray (age 50) died of plague. His son John Mowbray 4th Baron Mowbray Baron Segrave (age 21) succeeded 4th Baron Mowbray.
On 05 Oct 1361 Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham (age 66) died of plague at Lingfield, Surrey. He was buried at Lingfield, Surrey. His son Reginald Cobham 2nd Baron Cobham (age 13) succeeded 2nd Baron Cobham.
On 07 Sep 1362 Joan of the Tower Queen Consort Scotland (age 41) died of plague at Hertford Castle [Map]. She was buried at either Christ Church, Greyfriars [Map] or Greyfriars Church Farringdon Within [Map].
Death of Henry of Grosmont
On 23 Mar 1361 Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster (age 51) died at Leicester Castle [Map]. He was buried at Church of the Annunciation of our Lady of the Newark [Map].
Duke Lancaster, Earl Lincoln extinct.
Blanche Duchess of Lancaster (age 18) succeeded 5th Countess Lancaster and 2nd Countess Derby. John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 21) by marriage Earl Lancaster, Earl Derby.
Maud Plantagenet Duchess Lower Bavaria (age 20) succeeded 5th Countess of Leicester.
Marriage of Edward "The Black Prince" and Joan "The Fair Maid of Kent"
On 10 Oct 1361 Edward "Black Prince" (age 31) and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales (age 33) were married at Windsor Castle [Map]. She by marriage Princess of Wales. His first wife, her second (or third depending on how you count them) husband. She had four children already. They had known each other since childhood. Thirty-one and thirty-three respectively. A curious choice for the heir to the throne; foreign princesses were usual. They were married nearly fifteen years and had two children. She the daughter of Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent and Margaret Wake Countess Kent. He the son of King Edward III of England (age 48) and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 47). They were half first cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
Pleading in English Act 36 Edward III c 15
In 1362 the Pleading in English Act 36 Edward III c 15 required Parliamentary and judicial business to be conducted in English rather than Norman French.
St Marcellus' Flood
Around 16 Jan 1362 St Marcellus' Flood was an intense extratropical cyclone, coinciding with a new moon, which swept across the British Isles, the Netherlands, northern Germany, and Denmark causing at least 25,000 deaths. In England the town of Dunwich, Suffolk was destroyed.
Pepy's Diary. 14 Aug 1662. Up early and to look on my works, and find my house to go on apace. So to my office to prepare business, and then we met and sat till noon, and then Commissioner Pett (age 52) and I being invited, went by Sir John Winter's (age 62) coach sent for us, to the Mitre [Map], in Fenchurch street, to a venison-pasty; where I found him a very worthy man; and good discourse. Most of which was concerning the Forest of Dean, and the timber there, and iron-workes with their great antiquity, and the vast heaps of cinders which they find, and are now of great value, being necessary for the making of iron at this day; and without which they cannot work: with the age of many trees there left at a great fall in Edward the Third's time, by the name of forbid-trees1, which at this day are called vorbid trees.
Note 1. TT. Possibly forbidden trees. Trees that were felled in a great storm of 1362 which miners were forbidden from taking.
Battle of Brignais
On 06 Apr 1362 at the Battle of Brignais ...
James Bourbon Count La Marche and Ponthieu (age 43) was killed. His son Jean Bourbon I Count La Marche (age 18) succeeded I Count La Marche. His son Pierre Bourbon (age 20) was killed.
Catherine of Braganza's Arrival in London
Pepy's Diary. 23 Aug 1662. Anon come the King (age 32) and Queen (age 23) in a barge under a canopy with 10,000 barges and boats, I think, for we could see no water for them, nor discern the King nor Queen. And so they landed at White Hall Bridge, and the great guns on the other side went off: But that which pleased me best was, that my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 21) stood over against us upon a piece of White Hall, where I glutted myself with looking on her. But methought it was strange to see her Lord (age 28) and her upon the same place walking up and down without taking notice one of another, only at first entry he put off his hat, and she made him a very civil salute, but afterwards took no notice one of another; but both of them now and then would take their child, which the nurse held in her armes, and dandle it.
Pepy's Diary. 23 Aug 1662. So we parted, and Mr. Creed by appointment being come, he and I went out together, and at an ordinary in Lombard Street [Map] dined together, and so walked down to the Styllyard [Map], and so all along Thames-street, but could not get a boat: I offered eight shillings for a boat to attend me this afternoon, and they would not, it being the day of the Queen's (age 23) coming to town from Hampton Court [Map].
Edward III Creates two sons as Dukes
On 13 Nov 1362, his fiftieth birthday, King Edward III of England (age 50) created two sons as Dukes ...
Lionel Plantagenet 1st Duke of Clarence (age 23) was created 1st Duke Clarence. Elizabeth Burgh Duchess of Clarence (age 30) by marriage Duchess Clarence.
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 22) was created 1st Duke Lancaster. Blanche Duchess of Lancaster (age 20) by marriage Duchess Lancaster.
Death of John II King France
On 01 Jul 1364 King John "The Good" II of France was informed that his son had escaped from his captivity. John announced he would return to England as a matter of honour. He left around Dec 1363 arriving in London to parades and feasts.
On 08 Apr 1364 King John "The Good" II of France died at Savoy Palace [Map]. His son King Charles V of France (age 25) succeeded V King France: Capet Valois.
Hundred Years War Breton War of Succession
Battle of Auray
On 29 Sep 1364 Battle of Auray decided the Breton Succession in favour of John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 25). The Breton and English army was commanded by John Chandos (age 44) and included William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby (age 34), Miles Stapleton (age 44) and Hugh Calverley (age 40). Charles "Saint" Chatillon Duke Brittany (age 45) was killed. Bertrand Geusclin (age 44) surrendered.
1366 Creation of Garter Knights
On 23 Apr 1366 King Edward III of England (age 53) created new Garter Knights:
42nd Enguerrand de Coucy 1st Earl Bedford 1st Count Soissons (age 26).
43rd Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 24).
Castillian Civil War
Battle of Nájera
On 03 Apr 1367 the forces of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile (age 32) commanded by Edward "Black Prince" (age 36) defeated the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile (age 33) at the Battle of Nájera at Nájera [Map]. The English forces included John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 27), William Scrope, Peter Courtenay (age 21), John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux (age 30), John Savile of Shelley and Golcar (age 42), Bernard Brocas (age 37) and Thomas Banastre (age 33).
The forces of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile included Bertrand Geusclin (age 47). The battle achieved little since Bertrand Geusclin escaped.
John Ferrers 4th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 36) was killed. His son Robert Ferrers 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 9) succeeded 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley. Margaret Despencer Baroness Ferrers of Chartley by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
Edward "Black Prince" thereafter returned home, taking Peter's daughters Constance (age 13) and Isabella (age 12) as hostages to ensure Peter would pay the money owed to Edward. Constance married John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster, Isabella married Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York (age 25).
1368 Creation of Garter Knights
In 1368 King Edward III of England (age 55) created new Garter Knights:
44th Ralph Basset 3rd Baron Basset Drayton (age 33).
45th Richard Pembridge (age 48).
Battle of Montiel
On 14 Mar 1369 the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile (age 35) defeated that of his half-brother Peter "Cruel" I King Castile (age 34) at the Battle of Montiel. Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile 1334-1379's army was commanded by Bertrand Geusclin (age 49). Peter "Cruel" I King Castile escaped to the castle of Montiel, La Mancha.
Death of Peter I King Castile
On 23 Mar 1369 Peter "Cruel" I King Castile (age 34) was murdered by his half-brother Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile (age 35) outside the wall of the castle of Montiel, La Mancha. His half brother Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile succeeded II King Castile.
1369 Creation of Garter Knights
On 23 Apr 1369 King Edward III of England (age 56) created new Garter Knights
46th John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby (age 32).
47th Robert Dampierre (age 46).
48th John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 21). Some sources say 1370 but that would be inconsistent with the numbering?
49th Thomas Grandison 4th Baron Grandison (age 30).
50th Guy de Bryan (age 50). Possibly on 31 Dec 1369?.