1650-1659 Battle of Worcester and the Protectorate
1650-1659 Battle of Worcester and the Protectorate is in 17th Century Events.
1650 Battle of Dunbar
03 Sep 1650. The Battle of Dunbar was fought between the English New Model Army, under Oliver Cromwell and a Scottish army commanded by David Leslie, on 3 September 1650 near Dunbar, Scotland. The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the English.
The prisoners were taken to England and 3,000 were imprisoned at Durham Cathedral [Map]; many died on the march south, or in captivity.
Charles II Crowned King Scotland
On 01 Jan 1651 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 20) was crowned II King Scotland at Scone Abbey [Map].
Battle of Carbisdale
On 27 Apr 1650 the Battle of Carbisdale was fought between the Scottish Royalists commanded by James Graham 1st Marquess Montrose (age 37) and an army of the Scottish government. The Scottish government army was victorious.
On 21 May 1650 James Graham 1st Marquess Montrose (age 37) was hanged at Edinburgh [Map] following his capture at the Battle of Carbisdale. His body was dismembered following his death. His son James Graham 2nd Marquess Montrose (age 19) succeeded 2nd Marquess Montrose.
Cromwell's Act of Grace
In 1651 Hugh Montgomerie 7th Earl Eglinton (age 38) was captured by the English and excluded from Cromwell's Act of Grace.
Battle of Worcester
Between Sep 1651 and Nov 1651 a rebellion against the Royalist leader of the Isle of Man James Stanley 7th Earl of Derby (age 44) who had been captured at the Battle of Worcester. His wife Charlotte Thouars Countess Derby (age 51) resisted the rebels with the aid of Philip Musgrave 2nd Baronet (age 44) and Illiam Dhone (her husband's Receiver General). The Countess eventually surrendered after hearing of her husband's death. Illiam Dhone changed sides and worked with Parliamentarian soldiers to achieve a bloodless coup. Illiam Dhone was eventually arrested by the Earl's son Charles Stanley 8th Earl of Derby (age 23) and execy=uted by firing squad at Hango Hill on 02 Jan 1663.
On 03 Sep 1651 at Worcester, Worcestershire [Map] the Battle of Worcester Oliver Cromwell (age 52) commanded the Parliamentary army with Charles Howard 1st Earl Carlisle (age 22). In the Royalist army Francis Talbot 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 28), Thomas Blagge (age 38) and Archibald Campbell 9th Earl Argyll (age 22) fought. Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Cleveland (age 60) was captured. Giles Strangeways (age 36) provided 300 gold pieces to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 21) following his defeat to aid his escape.
Henry Lyttelton 2nd Baronet (age 27) fought for the Royalists, was captured and spent 17 months imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map].
Philip Musgrave 2nd Baronet (age 44) fought for th Royalists.
On 12 Sep 1651 William Hamilton 2nd Duke Hamilton (age 34) died from wounds received at the Battle of Worcester. His niece Anne Hamilton 3rd Duchess Hamilton (age 19), daughter of the 1st Duke, succeeded 3rd Duchess Hamilton. Earl Cambridge, Baron Innerdale extinct.
Evelyn's Diary. 29 Oct 1651. Came news and letters to the Queen and Sir Richard Browne (age 46) (who was the first that had intelligence of it) of his Majesty's (age 21) miraculous escape after the fight at Worcester; which exceedingly rejoiced us.
1651 Manx Rebellion
Between Sep 1651 and Nov 1651 a rebellion against the Royalist leader of the Isle of Man James Stanley 7th Earl of Derby (age 44) who had been captured at the Battle of Worcester. His wife Charlotte Thouars Countess Derby (age 51) resisted the rebels with the aid of Philip Musgrave 2nd Baronet (age 44) and Illiam Dhone (her husband's Receiver General). The Countess eventually surrendered after hearing of her husband's death. Illiam Dhone changed sides and worked with Parliamentarian soldiers to achieve a bloodless coup. Illiam Dhone was eventually arrested by the Earl's son Charles Stanley 8th Earl of Derby (age 23) and execy=uted by firing squad at Hango Hill on 02 Jan 1663.
Sinking of Defiance
In Sep 1652 Peyton Carteret and Maurice Palatinate Simmern (age 31) drowned in the Virgin Islands Caribbean when HMS Defiance sank.
Barebones Parliament
In 1653 Colonel Thomas Blount (age 49) was elected MP Kent in the Barebones Parliament.
In 1653 Philip Sidney 3rd Earl of Leicester (age 33) was elected MP Kent during the Barebones Parliament.
Three Days' Battle aka Battle of Portland
The Three Days' Battle aka Battle of Portland took place between 18 and 20 Feb 1653. The English fleet was attacked by the Dutch fleet.
Vice-Admiral William Goodson captained the Entrance.
Cromwell becomes Lord Protector
On 16 Dec 1653 Oliver Cromwell (age 54) was appointed Lord Protector.
First Protectorate Parliament
In 1654 John Wray 3rd Baronet (age 34) was elected MP Lincolnshire during the First Protectorate Parliament.
In 1654 John Bernard 2nd Baronet (age 23) was elected MP Huntingdon in the First Protectorate Parliament.
In 1654 John Glynne (age 52) was elected MP Caernarfonshire during the First Protectorate Parliament.
In 1654 Robert Pye (age 34) was elected MP Berkshire during the First Protectorate Parliament.
In 1654 Francis Bacon (age 53) was elected MP Ipswich in the First Protectorate Parliament.
In 1654 John Hobart 3rd Baronet (age 25) was elected MP Norfolk in the First Protectorate Parliament.
In Sep 1654 William Pierrepont of Thoresby (age 46) was elected MP Nottinghamshire during the First Protectorate Parliament.
On 03 Sep 1654 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 29) was elected MP Grimsby during the First Protectorate Parliament.
Penruddock Uprising
In Mar 1655 Andrew Newport (age 35) was imprisoned for supporting the King. during the Penruddock Uprising.
Discovery of Saturn's Moon Titan
On 25 Mar 1655 Christian Huygens (age 25) discovered Saturn's moon Titan; he named it Luna Saturni, literally Moon of Saturn, using a 2" telescope he and his brother had constructed in Feb 1656. It was the sixth moon discovered, the first being the Earth's moon, and the second to fifth, being the moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo in Mar 1610.
Capture of Jamaica
In May 1655 the English under Admiral William Penn (age 34) captured Jamaica. Vice-Admiral William Goodson was present.
Second Protectorate Parliament
In 1656 John Hobart 3rd Baronet (age 27) was elected MP Norfolk in the Second Protectorate Parliament.
In 1656 John Bernard 2nd Baronet (age 25) was elected MP Huntingdon in the Second Protectorate Parliament.
In 1656 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 31) was elected MP Grimsby during the Second Protectorate Parliament.
William Wyndham 1st Baronet (age 24) was elected MP Somerset during the Second Protectorate Parliament.
Thomas Crew 2nd Baron Crew (age 32) was elected MP Northamptonshire during the Second Protectorate Parliament.
Francis Bacon (age 55) was elected MP Ipswich in the Second Protectorate Parliament.
Treaty of Brussels
On 02 Apr 1656 the Treaty of Brussels agreeing mutual support between England (Royal) and Spain was signed by Henry Wilmot 1st Earl Rochester (age 43) and James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 45) on behalf of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 25), and Alonso Cárdenas on behalf of Philip IV King Spain (age 50).
Royalist Conspiracy
Evelyn's Diary. 31 May 1658. I went to visit my Lady Peterborough (age 55), whose son, Mr. Mordaunt (age 31), prisoner in the Tower [Map], was now on his trial, and acquitted but by one voice; but that holy martyr, Dr. Hewer, was condemned to die without law, jury, or justice, but by a mock Council of State, as they called it. A dangerous, treacherous time!
Evelyn's Diary. 08 Jun 1658. That excellent preacher and holy man, Dr. Hewer, was martyred for having intelligence with his Majesty (age 28), through the Lord Marquis of Ormond (age 47).
Battle of the Dunes
On 14 Jun 1658 the French and English Commonwealth armies were victorious over the Spanish and English Royalist armies at the Battle of the Dunes near Dunkirk. Vice-Admiral William Goodson took part.
Death and Funeral of Oliver Cromwell
Evelyn's Diary. Death and Funeral of Oliver Cromwell03 Sep 1658. Died that arch-rebel, Oliver Cromwell (age 59), called Protector.
On 03 Sep 1658 Oliver Cromwell (age 59) died at Whitehall Palace [Map]. His son Richard Cromwell Lord Protector (age 31) succeeded Lord Protector.
Evelyn's Diary. 22 Oct 1658. Saw the superb funeral of the protector (deceased). He was carried from Somerset House [Map] in a velvet bed of state, drawn by six horses, housed with the same; the pall held by his new lords; Oliver lying in effigy, in royal robes, and crowned with a crown, sceptre, and globe, like a king. The pendants and guidons were carried by the officers of the army; the imperial banners, achievements, etc., by the heralds in their coats; a rich caparisoned horse, embroidered all over with gold; a knight of honor, armed cap-a-pie, and, after all, his guards, soldiers, and innumerable mourners. In this equipage, they proceeded to Westminster: but it was the most joyful funeral I ever saw; for there were none that cried but dogs, which the soldiers hooted away with a barbarous noise, drinking and taking tobacco in the streets as they went.
Cromwell Resigns his Protectorate
On 25 May 1659 Richard Cromwell Lord Protector (age 32) resigned as Lord Protector.
Booth's Uprising
In Aug 1659 Booth's Uprising was a unsuccessful Cheshire rebellion led by George Booth 1st Baron Delamer (age 36) to restore King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 29) to throne as part of a national uprising led by John Mordaunt 1st Viscount Mordaunt (age 33). Its supprters included John Owen (age 59).
John Marlay (age 69) was briefly imprisoned suspected of surporting the uprising.
Battle of Winnington Bridge
On 19 Aug 1659 the Battle of Winnington Bridge was fought between the 5000 strong Parliamentary Army of General John Lambert (age 39) and the 4000 strong Royalist army led by George Booth 1st Baron Delamer (age 36).
Brothers Piers Legh (age 28) and Thomas Leigh fought. Thomas Leigh was killed.
Edward Morgan of Golden Grove was killed. He was buried at the Church of St Deiniol, Hawarden, Flintshire.