Biography of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723

Paternal Family Tree: Stewart

1662 Marriage of Charles II and Catherine of Braganza

1685 Death and Burial of Charles II

On 29 May 1630 [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland was born to [his grandfather] King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 29) and [his grandmother] Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England (age 20) at St James's Palace [Map]. He was created Duke Cornwall and Duke Rothesay the same day.

Marriage of Charles II and Catherine of Braganza

On 29 Jul 1672 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond was born illegitimately to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 42) and Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth (age 22).

On 19 Aug 1673 [his mother] Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth (age 23) was created 1st Duke Portsmouth, 1st Earl Fareham, 1st Baron Petersfield by [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 43) for life for being his mistress and for having given birth to his son Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 1).

On 09 Aug 1675 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 3) was created 1st Duke Richmond, 1st Earl March, 1st Baron Settrington by [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 45).

In 1681 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 8) was appointed 485th Knight of the Garter by [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 50).

Evelyn's Diary. 24 Jan 1682. This evening I was at the entertainment of the Morocco Ambassador at the [his mother] Duchess of Portsmouth's (age 32) glorious apartments at Whitehall [Map], where was a great banquet of sweetmeats and music; but at which both the Ambassador and his retinue behaved themselves with extraordinary moderation and modesty, though placed about a long table, a lady between two Moors, and among these were the King's (age 51) natural children, namely, [his illegitimate half-sister] Lady Lichfield (age 17) and [his illegitimate half-sister] Sussex (age 20), the Duchess of Portsmouth (age 32), Nelly (age 31), etc., concubines, and cattle of that sort, as splendid as jewels and excess of bravery could make them; the Moors neither admiring nor seeming to regard anything, furniture or the like, with any earnestness, and but decently tasting of the banquet. They drank a little milk and water, but not a drop of wine; they also drank of a sorbet and jacolatt [Note. This may be chocolate?]; did not look about, or stare on the ladies, or express the least surprise, but with a courtly negligence in pace, countenance, and whole behavior, answering only to such questions as were asked with a great deal of wit and gallantry, and so gravely took leave with this compliment, that God would bless the Duchess of Portsmouth (age 32) and the Prince (age 9), her son meaning the little Duke of Richmond. The King (age 51) came in at the latter end, just as the Ambassador was going away. In this manner was this slave (for he was no more at home) entertained by most of the nobility in town, and went often to Hyde Park [Map] on horseback, where he and his retinue showed their extraordinary activity in horsemanship, and flinging and catching their lances at full speed; they rode very short, and could stand upright at full speed, managing their spears with incredible agility. He went sometimes to the theaters, where, upon any foolish or fantastical action, he could not forbear laughing, but he endeavored to hide it with extraordinary modesty and gravity. In a word, the Russian Ambassador, still at Court behaved himself like a clown compared to this civil heathen.

Evelyn's Diary. 24 Oct 1684. I din'd at Sir Stephen Fox's (age 57) with the [his illegitimate half-brother] Duke of Northumberland (age 18). He seem'd to be a young gentleman of good capacity, well bred, civil, and modest: newly come from travell, and had made his campaigne at the siege of Luxemburg. Of all his Ma*s (age 54) children (of which he had now six Dukes) this seem'd the most accomplish'd and worth the owning. He is extraordinary handsome and well shap'd. What ye Dukes of Richmond (age 12) and [his illegitimate half-brother] St. Alban's (age 14) will prove, their youth does not yet discover; they are very pretty boys.

Death and Burial of Charles II

On 06 Feb 1685 [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 54) died at 1145 in the morning at Whitehall Palace [Map] attended by Charles Scarburgh (age 69). His brother [his uncle] King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 51) succeeded II King England Scotland and Ireland. Mary of Modena Queen Consort England Scotland and Ireland (age 26) by marriage Queen Consort England Scotland and Ireland. His brother King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 51), William Chiffinch (age 83), Richard Mason (age 52) and Archbishop William Sancroft (age 68) were present. Duke York merged with the Crown.

On 08 Jan 1692 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 19) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 21) were married. She by marriage Duchess Richmond. He the son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland and Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth (age 42).

On 24 Dec 1694 [his daughter] Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 22) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 23). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 18 May 1701 [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 28) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 30). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 24 Jun 1703 [his daughter] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 30) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 32). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

In 1709 [his illegitimate daughter] Renee Lennox was born illegitimately to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 36) and Jacqueline Mezieres. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 13 Feb 1711 [his son-in-law] James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley (age 31) and [his daughter] Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Berkeley. She the daughter of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 38) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 40). He the son of Charles Berkeley 2nd Earl Berkeley and Elizabeth Noel Countess Berkeley (age 57). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 04 Dec 1719 [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 18) and [his daughter-in-law] Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond (age 14) were married at The Hague. He was, apparently, forced into the marriage to pay off his, or his father's debts since she brought a considerable dowry. She the daughter of William Cadogan 1st Earl Cadogan (age 47) and Margaret Cecilia Munter Countess Cadogan. He the son of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 47) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 48). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 21 Feb 1722 [his son-in-law] William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 19) and [his daughter] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 18) were married at Caversham, Reading. She by marriage Countess Albermarle. She the daughter of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 49) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 51). He the son of Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle and Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 27 May 1723 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 50) died. His son [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 22) succeeded 2nd Duke Richmond, 2nd Earl March, 2nd Baron Settrington. [his daughter-in-law] Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond (age 17) by marriage Duchess Richmond.

Charge of the Light Brigade

Adeline Horsey Recollections. I believe my husband replaced a great deal of the original furniture at Deene [Map] with more modern examples, but many valuable old pieces still remain. The pictures are very beautiful, including a priceless Vandyke representing [his grandmother] Queen Henrietta Maria, in the happy days of her early married life, as a regal, gracious figure arrayed in shimmering satin. There is a lovely portrait of [his mother] Louise de Keroualle and her son, the Duke of Richmond, who married a Brudenell, and there are many examples of Lely, Sir Joshua Reynolds and other eighteenth- and nineteenth-century artists. One painting by Sant represents the Prince Consort and the Royal children listening to the account of the Charge of the Light Brigade by Lord Cardigan, and there are also some interesting pictures of hunting-field incidents, depicting Cardigan and his friends on their favourite mounts.

Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland 1566-1625

King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685

Royal Ancestors of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723

Kings Wessex: Great x 18 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 15 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 21 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 16 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings England: Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Kings Scotland: Great x 11 Grand Son of Robert "The Bruce" I King Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 14 Grand Son of Louis VII King Franks

Kings France: Great Grand Son of Henry IV King France

Royal Descendants of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723

Queen Consort Camilla Shand x 1

Diana Spencer Princess Wales x 2

Ancestors of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Stewart 3rd Earl Lennox 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Matthew Stewart 4th Earl Lennox 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel or Elizabeth Stewart Countess Lennox 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry "Lord Darnley" Stewart Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus 10 x Great Grand Son of King John "Lackland" of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Douglas Countess Lennox Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 1 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King James IV of Scotland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: King James V of Scotland Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandmother: Mary Queen of Scots Great Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

GrandFather: King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Frederick I of Denmark

Great x 3 Grandfather: Christian III King Denmark 10 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna of Brandenburg 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick II King Denmark 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway

Great x 1 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Albrecht VII Duke Mecklenburg

Great x 3 Grandfather: Ulrich Mecklenburg-Schwerin 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna Hohenzollern Duchess Mecklenburg 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Sophie Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Father: King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Francis Bourbon Count Vendôme and Soissons 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles Bourbon Duke Vendôme 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Luxemburg Countess Vendôme and Soissons 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Antoine King Navarre 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Rene Valois Duke Alençon 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Françoise Valois Countess Vendôme 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Lorraine Duchess Alençon 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Jean III King Navarre 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry II of Navarre 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Catherine Grailly I Queen Navarre 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Charles Valois Orléans Count Angoulême 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Marguerite Valois Orléans Queen Consort Navarre 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Louise of Savoy Countess Angoulême 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

GrandMother: Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Joanna "The Mad" Trastámara Queen Castile 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Joanna of Austria Grand Duchess Tuscany 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Vladislaus II King Hungary 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Jagiellon Holy Roman Empress 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna Foix Queen Consort of Hungary and Bohemia 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

GrandFather: Guillaume de Penancoët Seigneur de Kéroualle

Mother: Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth

Great x 1 Grandfather: Sébastien de Plœuc Marquis du Timeur et de Kergolay

GrandMother: Marie de Plœuc