19 Jan 1550. Mr. Paget² surrendring his controllership, Was made lord Paget of Beaudesert, and cited into the hier house by a writte of parliement.

Note 2. "The 19 of January sir John Russell (age 65), lord privie seale, was created Earl of Bedford; William Paulet (age 67), lord Saint John, lord great master, was created earle of Wiltshire; and sir William Paget (age 44), comptroller of the King's house, was made lord Paget." Stowe's Chronicle.

02 Feb 1550. Sir Anthony Wingfeld (age 63), before visechamberlaine, made controller. Sir Thomas Darcy (age 43) made visechamberlaine.³

Note 3. "On Candlemas day, [Feb. 2] William lord Saint John (age 67) earl of Wiltshire, lord great master, president of the councell, was made Lord Treasurer; John Dudley (age 46) earl of Warwich, lord great chamberlain, was made Lord Great Master; William Parre (age 38), marques of Northampton, was made Lord Great Chamberlain; lord Wentworth was made Lord Cham

15 Oct 1549. I passed through London the 15 of October. At Ampton courte the lord of Warwike made lord admirall.¹

Note 1. These passages are struck through by the King's pen. He had entered them already (see p. 244).

1550. Guidotty made divers harauntes² from the constable of Fraunce (age 56)³ to make peace with us, upon wich were appointed fower commissionaires to treate, and they after long debatement made a treaty as foloweth: (The rest of the page cut away.)

Note 2. i.e. errands.

Note 3. Anne duc de Montmorency (age 56).

02 Apr 1550. The parliement proroged to the secund day of the terme in Octobre next ensuyng.

03 Apr 1550. Nicholas Ridley (age 50), befor of Rochester, made bishop of London, and received his othe.¹

Thomas Thirlby (age 44), befor of Whestmuster², made bishop of Norwich, and received his othe.

Note 1. "Item the xij^th day of Aprill, he that was byshoppe of Rochester, Nicolas Rydley, was stallyd [bishop of London] by one of the byshoppe of Ely('s) chaplynes." (Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, where several curious notices will be found of the changes which the new bishop soon made in his church and diocese.) The letters patent of Ridley's translation are printed by Rymer, xv. 222.

Note 2. Dr. Thirlby's resignation of the bishopric of "Westminster, dated 80th March, is printed in Rymer, xv. 219, from the Close roU, 4 Edw. VT. p. 1, m. 11; and at p. 221 are letters patent dated 1 April, translating him to the bishopric of Norwich, which was then vacant "by the free resignation of William (Rugge, alias Repps) late bishop" thereof. Bishop Rugge died on the 21st Sept. following.

05 Apr 1550. The bishop of Chichestre³, befor a vehement affirmer of transubstantiation, did preach against (it) at Whestmuster in the preching place.

Removing to Grenwich from Whestmuster.

Note 3. George Day (age 49), already noticed in p. 37 of the present volume.

06 Apr 1550. Our hostiages passed the narowseas between Dover and Cales [Map].

07 Apr 1550. Mon. de Periiin⁴, gentilman of the kinges privi chamber, passed from the French king by England to the Scottish quen, to tel her of the paix.

An ambassadour came from Gostav the Suethin King, called Andre, for a surer amiti touching marchandis.

In the council book this name occurs under a very diiferent form: "vij April. Warraunt to (blank) for xxxll. to (blank) herrald at armes, imprest for his charges in the conduction of mons^r de Funette gentleman of France into Scotland."

09 Apr 1550. The hostiages delivered on both the sides, for the ratification of the league with Prannce and Scoteland, forbicaus som said to mon. Rochepot, lieutenant, that mon. de Guyse (age 53)¹, father to the marquis of Means (age 31), was ded, and therefor the delivery was put over a day.

Note 1. Claude duc of Guise (age 53) was dangerously ill: he died on the 12th of April.

08 Apr 1550. My lord Warwic (age 46) made general warden of the North², and mr. Herbert (age 49) president of Walis, and the one had graunted to him a 1000 marc lahd, th'other 500, and lord War(wick) 100 horsmen at my (altered to King) charge.

Note 2. Warwick, though glad to accept this important and influential office, was unwilling to encounter the exile from the chief administration of affairs which its personal execution would have involved: see hereafter, under July 18. Sir William Herbert (age 49) also did not proceed to his seat of government for some time: see under June 13.

09 Apr 1550. Licencies signed for the whole counsel, and certaine of the privi chamber, to kepe amonge them 2290 (above is written 2340) retainers.³

Note 3. Other arrangements as to this matter of retainers occur in subsequent pages. One of the licences granted on the present occasion is printed in Rymer's collection, xv. 235. It is that given to the duke of Somerset, dated on the 5th of June, and allows him two hundred retainers beyond his household servants and the keepers of his parks, &c. Eot. Pat. 4 Edw. VI. p. 6, m. 15.

10 Apr 1550. My lord Som(erset) taken into the counsel.⁴ Guidotti⁵, the beginner of the talk for peax, recompensed with knightdom, a thousand crounes reward, a 1000 crounes pension, and his son with 250 crounes pencion. Certen prisoners for light maters dismissed. Agreed for delivery of French prisoners taken in the warris. Petre Van sent embassadour to Venice.' Lettres directed to certein Irish nobles to take a blind legat coming from the pope, calling himself bishop of Arcman.^ Commissions for the delivery of Boulein, Lodres, and Dunglas.

Note 4. "The 8 of April, the duke of Somerset came to the court to the King's majesty at Greenwich, where he was honourably received of the King and his councell, and dined with the King, and was swome of the privy councell." Stowe.

Note 5. Letters of protection granted to Guidotti for two years from the 30th May, 1549, are printed in Rymer's Foedera, &c. vol. xv. p. 185. He is styled therein Anthony Guidotti, merchant of Florence and of the town of Southampton. On the 17th April, 1550, a yearly pension of 250l. was granted to him, under the name of sir Anthony Guidotti, and another of 37l. 10s. to his son John Guidotti esquire. Ibid. pp. 227, 228. (These two last letters patent bear Teste Rege apud Lieghes; but it may be remarked that they do not show that the King was there in person, but only that the lord chancellor (age 53) had then the great seal at his country mansion — Leez [Map] in Essex.) On the 1st of April the council issued "a warrant to (blank) for xlviij li. to mr. Perrot for a flaggon chaine bought of him to be bestowed upon Anthony Guydott at the time of the order of knighthood given unto him."

06 Apr 1550. Thre Fleminges men of war wold have passed our shippes without veling bonet, wich the(y) seing, shot at them, and drove them at lenght to vaile bonet, and so depart.

11 Apr 1550. Mon. Trimoul, mon. vicedam de Ohar(tres), and mon. Henaudie(re), cam to Dover; the rest taried at Cales [Map] til thei had leave.

12 Apr 1550. Order taken that whosoever had benefices given them³ shuld preach befor the King in or out of Lent, and every Sonday ther shuld be a sermon.

Note 3. "Understand it, not by private patrons, but either presented by the King or lord chancellor (age 53)." Note on this passage by Dr. Fuller in his Church History.

16 Apr 1550. The thre hostiages aforsaid cam to London, being met at Detford with the lord Graye of Wilton (age 41), lord Bray, with divers other gentihnen to the nomber of twenty, and serving men an hundred, and so brought into the cite, and lodged there, and kept houses every man by themself.

18 Apr 1550. Mr. Sidney⁴ and Mr. Nevel⁵ made gentlemen of the privey chamber. Commission given to the lord Chobham deputy of Cales [Map], sir William Petre (age 45) chef secretary, and sir Jhon Mason (age 47), French secretary, to see the French king take his oth, with certein instrucion; and that sir Jhon Mason (age 47) shuld be embassadour ligier.

Commission to sir John (Maurice) Denis (age 42) and sir Wiliam Sharington (age 55) to receive the first paiment and deliver the quittannce.^1a

Note 4. Afterwards sir Henry Sidney (age 21), and K.G.

Note 5. Afterwards sir Henry Neville.

Note 1a. On the 17th of April the council had directed "letters to mr. Dennys (age 42) treasurer of Callays, that he and mr. Sharyngton (age 55) be joyned in commission for the CC m¹ French crowns to be received, of the goodness, purity, and weight as they be currant in France." On the 20th, "A letter to sir Morice Denys (age 42) and sir William Sherrington (age 55) knights, commissioners appointed for the receipt of the first payment now to be made by the Frenche, that if mons^r Gondie, master of the French king's finances, do come withall (as it is thought he doth) they shall give him in rewarde from the Kinges Majestie two thousand orownes, because he was the first motioner and procurer of this Peace. And in case it be not he, then to give the bringer of the said money such reward under the said summe of two thousand crownes as to their wisedomes shall seem convenient." (Council Book.)

19 Apr 1550. Sir Jhon Mason (age 47) taken into the previe counsel, and William Thomas mad(e) clerk of the same.²

Wheras the emperour's embassadour desired leav(e) by lettres patentes that my ladi Mary might have mass, it was denied³ him; and wher he said we brake the legue with him by making peax with Scotland, it was answered, tliat the French king and not I did comprehend them, saving that I might not invad(e) them without occasion.

Note 2. "April xix. An order was taken and determined by his Majestie, by the advise of his said counsaile, that there should be a clerke attendant upon the saide counsaille, to write, enter, and regisier all such decrees, determinacions, and other things as he shulde be appoincted to enter in a book to remaigne aUwaies as a leger, aswell for the dischardge of the said counsaillors tooching such things as they shulde passe from time to time, as also for a memoriall unto them of theire own proceedings."

"April XX. It was agreed that, forasmuch as the due observacion of the registre of aU such things as shulde passe by ordre of the counsaiUe is an office that shall require a speciall diligence. Therefore the forenamed William Thomas is discharged of all other manner of businesse, to th'entent that, havinge nothing else to attend unto, he may the better appHe his charge to see that nothing worthy to be recorded be omitted or left unwritten: And specially, to th'intent no warrant shulde escape unregistered, it was ordred that lettres shulde be written to the threasorers not to paye any warrant, though it be signed by the counsaill, unlesse it be also subscribed with the hand of the said William Thomas." (Council Book.)

Note 3. i.e. refused.

10 Apr 1550. Lodres being besieged of the Scotis, the captain, hering that the peax was proclaimed in England, deliverid it as the peax did will him, taking sureties that al the bargaines of the peax shuld be kept.

18 Apr 1550. Monsiur de Guyse died.

20 Apr 1550. Ordre taken for the chambre that three of th' utter previe-chamber gentlemen shuld alwaies be here, and tow lie in the palat, and fill the rom(e) of on(e) of the foare knightes;¹ that the esquieres shuld be diligent in ther office, and 5 gromes shuld be alwaies present, of wich on(e) to watch in the bedchamber.

Note 1. See before, p. 243.

23 Apr 1550. Mons. Trimouille and the vicedam of Chartres and mons. Henaudiere cam to the court, and saw the ordre of the garter¹ and the knightes with the souverain receive the communion.

Note 1. "At a chaptre holden at Grenwiche on St. George's daye at eveninge, being the xxiijd day of Aprille, and likewise the next day by the soreraigne of the noble order of the Garter, then present with the Soveraigne the duke of Somerset, the marques of Dorsett (age 33), the marques of Northampton (age 38), th'erle of Bedford, th'erle of Wiltishere, the lord Pagett, sir Thomas Chenye, sir John Gage, sir Anthony Wingfelde, and sir Anthony Sentleger." See further in Anstis, Register of the Order of the Garter, ii. 445.

27 Apr 1550. The marquis du Means (age 31), conte d' Anguien, and the constable's son wer received at Blakheth by my lord of Rutland (age 23), my lord Gray of Wilton (age 41), my lord Bray, my lord Lisle (age 23), and divers gentlemen, with al the pensionaries to the nombre of 100, besid a great nomber of serving men.

It was grauntid that my lord of Somerset shnld have al his movebal goodes and lesses (leases), except thos that be alredie given.²

Note 2. "April xxvii. It was agreed by the whole counsaill that the Kinges majestie shulde be moved for the restitucion of the duke of Somersett unto all his goods, his debts, and his leases yet ungiven." (Council Book.) By "yet ungiven" was meant not granted out to other parties.

29 Apr 1550. The conte d' Anguien brother to the duke of Vendosm, and next heir to the croun after the kinges children, the marquis de Means (age 31) brother to the Scottish quen, and mons. Montmorency (age 19) the constable's sone, cam to the court, where thei war received with mucli musike at diner.

26 Apr 1550. Certein wer taken that went about to have an insurrection in Kent upon May-day following, and the priest who was the cheaf worker ran away into Essex, wher he was laid for.

30 Apr 1550. Dunglas was deliverid, as the treaty did require.

06 May 1550. The M^r of Askin (age 22)¹ and mon. Morret's brother came out of Scoteland for th'acceptacion of the peax, who after had pasport to goe into Fraunce.

Note 1. Thomas Erskine (age 22), second but at this time eldest surviving son of John fourth lord Erskine (age 62), and elder brother to John afterwards restored to the earldom of Marr. He died in 1551, before his father. Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, (edit. Wood,) ii. 211.

07 May 1550. The councel drue a boke for every shier, who shuld be lieutenants in them, and who shuld tary with me;² but the lieutenants wer appointed to tary till Chastillon's, Sarcy, and Bouchetel's coming, and then to depart.

Note 2. At this period lords lieutenant were only incidentally appointed, either on occasion of insurrections (as before in p. 228, &c.) or when the King was going a journey or progress, as was now the case. The appointments made at the present date are not stated in the Council Book; but subsequent entries disclose who the noblemen were. The earl of Warwick took care that the duke of Somerset should be away from the King: and he was stationed at Reading, as lieutenant of Oxfordshire and some adjoining counties (see hereafter, under July 26). After Michaelmas the lords were recalled to court. In the minutes of the council held at Oatlands [Map] on the 24th Sept. is mention of "a letter for the revocation of the duke of Somerset dated the 6th Septembre;" and "a letter for revocation of my lord wardein to repair to the court at his libertie." The next day, "letters of revocation to the lord marquess of Northampton (age 38) touching his lieutenantship; and the like to the lord chancellour (age 53), th'erle of Oxford, and sir Thomas Darcie."

09 May 1550. Proclamation was mad that the soldiars should returne to their mansions;¹ and the mair of London had charge to loke thorowgh al the wardes, to take them, and send them to thear countries.

Note 1. So the MS. It must have been a term then equivalent to "barracks."

09 May 1550. The det of thirty thousand pound and ode money was put over an yere, and ther was bought 2600 cinqtales of pouder.²

Note 2. Mr. Burgon (Life of Sir Thomas Greshiam, i. 69) supposes that this powder was bought as a consideration to the merchants or bankers for the payment of the debt being deferred: some purchase being always expected by them on such occasions, as will further appear in a passage of the following April.

11 May 1550. Proclamation was made that al wolwinders³ shuld take an oth that the(y) wold make good cloth ther as the lord chauncelour (age 53) wold apoint them, according to an acte of parliement made by Edward the thirde.

Note 3. April xxviij. Complaint was made by certain clothiers that the merchaunts adventurers by agreement had set such a price upon their clothes that without the loss of xxs. in a piece they could not utter them; for the more perfect knowledge whereof all manor of clothiers that then were in London appered at the Starre Chamber by commaundment, where the more part denied to be privie or of counsaill with the said complaint; finding great fault with the multitude of clothiers lately encreased in the realme; affirming that as longe as every man that wolde had libertie to be a clothier as they have now it was impossible to have good clothe made in the realme, for he that is not bred up in that facultie must trust his factors, and so is commonly deceaved; and nowe the good making is decayed, the clothes are out of estimacion, by reason whereof the prices must also decaye. Wherefore it was concluded that some device should be had for a law that none shulde meddle with clothe-making but such as had been prentises to th'occupacion. Further, divers reasons were made by them tooching the decay of our money by exchange: with other devises tooching the common wealth; which they were commanded to put in writing.

07 May 1550. The lord Cobham (age 53), the secretary Petre (age 45), and sir Jhon Mason (age 47) cam to the French king to Amyens, going on his journey, wher thei were received of al the nobles, and so brought to thear loginges, wich were wel dressed.

12 May 1550. Our embassadours departid from the French court, leving sir Jhon Mason (age 47) as legier.

14 May 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50) was taken into the prive chambre, and likewise was the lord admirall (Clinton (age 38)).¹

Note 1. "Maye xj. 1550. And where it had pleased the King's majestie to call the lorde Clynton (age 38) to be High Admirall, which office his lyving did not throughly extende to mainteigne, forasmuch as his service at Bulloigne deserved notable consideracion, therefore the counsaill determined to be meanes unto the King's majestie to give him cc li. lande, and to accept him of his privie chamber.

"And likewise syns it had also pleased his highness to call the duke of Somersett (age 50) again into his privie counsaill, they likewise determined to be sutors for him, that he might be again admitted of the privie chamber." (Council Book.)

15 May 1550. It was apointed that al the light horsmen of Bolein [Boulogne] and the men of armes shuld be paid their wages, and be led by the lord marquis of Northampton (age 38), capitain of the pensionaries, and al the gard of Bolein [Boulogne] under the lord admiral. Also that the chiefest capitaines shuld be sent, with 600 with them, to the strenghthening of the frontieres of Scoteland.

The comprehension of peax with Scoteland¹ was accepted so fare as the league went, and sealed with the (unfinished).

Note 1. The act of comprehension of Scotland in the peace with France, dated at Edinburgh 13 kal. Maii 1555, and sealed with the great seal of Scotland, is printed in Rymer's Foedera, &c. xv. 255.

16 May 1550. The maister of Eskin² departed into Fraunce.

Note 2. "May xj. This day the M^r of Erskyn (age 22), sent as ambassador out of Scotlande, presented the ratificacion of the comprehension concluded in the treatie made at Bulloigne, under the great scale of Scotland, and delivered withall certain articles of request, according to his instruccions from the Queene and counsaill of Scotlande, which he was promised to have answer of with expedicion.

"Maye xvj. The M^r of Erskyn, ambassador of Scotlande, was dispatched with letters and an instrument of ratificacion of the comprehension, as ferreforth as the articles of the treatie at Bulloigne did, and no farther; and his requests made on the counsaill's behalf of Scotland were answered." (Council Book.)

17 May 1550. Removing to Whestmuster from Grenwich.

18 May 1550. The French king (age 31) came to Bolein [Boulogne] to visit the pieces lately delivred to him, and to apoint an ordre and stay in thinges there; wich done, he departid.

19 May 1550. Peter Van³ went as embassadour to Venice, and departid from the court with his instruccions.

Note 3. Peter Vanne, by birth an Italian, was employed by Henry VIII. some years before this date. He was appointed the King's Latin secretary by letters patent dated 13 Dec. 3 Edw. VI. 1549. He held several prebends and other church preferments, and died dean of Sahsbury in 1563. On the present occasion a warrant was issued on the 4th of May "to mr. Petre (age 45), threasorer of the first fruictes and tenths, to pay unto mr. Peter Vanne, now appoincted the Kings Majesties Ambassador for Venice, the rate of xls. by the dale for his dietts from the first of this moneth, and so forwards." (Council Book.)

20 May 1550. The lord Cobham (age 53) and sir Wiliam Petre (age 45) cam horn from ther journey, delivering both the oth, the testimoniall of the oth [oath], witnessid by divers noblemen of Fraunce, and also the treaty, sealed with the great seal of Fraunce; and in the oth was confessid that I was Suprem Hed of the Church of England and Irian (d), and also King of Irland.

25 May 1550. One that, by way have mariage¹, had thought to assemble the peple, and so to make an insurrection in Kent, was taken by the gentlemene of the shier, and afterward punished.

Note 1. So in the MS. Burnet printed it "of marriage," but without elucidating the sense. — "Maye xxiij. Letters were receaved from mr. Culpepper, sheriff of Kent, declaring that a conspiracj was wrought amonge the commons as well of that shire as of Sussex, to assemble at Hethfield upon Whitson mondaye next. Wherefore severall lettres were addressed to the same mr. Culpepper, to the lord le Warre, and to mr. Pelham sherriff of Sussex, to assemble the gentlemen and to prevent the insurrection." (Council Book.)

04 Jun 1550. Sir Robert Dudeley (age 17), third sonne to th'erle of Warwic (age 46), maried sir Jon Robsartes daughter (age 17)¹, after wich mariage ther were certain gentlemen that did strive who shuld first take away a gose's heade, wich was hanged alive on tow crose postes.

Note 1. Whlst popular tradition, the ballad by Mickle, and Sir Walter Scott's romance of Kemlworth, had made the name of Amy Robsart exceedingly familiar, very little was formerly known of her actual history. That deficiency was in some measure supplied by a memoir of her, published in the Gentleman's Magazine for Dec. 1845, New Series, vol. xxiv. p. 595, to which was subsequently appended, in vol. xxxiv. p. 123, the account of her funeral at Oxford. Five letters relative to her mysterious death were also published in 1850, — nearly simultaneously in a new edition of Pepys's Diary, by Lord Braybrooke; and also in The Romance of the Peerage, by Mr. G. L. Craik (see the Gentleman's Magazine, New Series, vol. xxxiii. p. 255).

05 Jun 1550. Ther was tilt and tornay on foot with as great staves as the(y) run withal on horsbake.

06 Jun 1550. Removing to Grenwich.

08 Jun 1550. The gestis² of my progres wer set fourth, wich were thes(e); from Grenwich to Westmuster, from Whestmuster to Hampton court, from Hamp(ton court) to Windsore, from Wind(sor) to Guileford, from Guileford to Otland, from Otland to Richemond, etc.

Note 2. Sir John Hanmer, in commenting on a passage in Shakspere's Winter's Tale, defines the Gests as "the roll or journal of the several days and stages prefixed in the progresses of our kings: many of them being still extant in the Heralds' office," and Johnson derives the word from the French giste. The practice of prearranging the gests was maintained in the reign of James the First; and several such tables will be found by reference to the index, p. 1128, of the Progresses, &c. of that monarch. On the 10th of June, 1550, in preparation for the progress, the council issued "a warrant to sir Philip Hobie, knight, m^r of th'ordonaunce, and to his deputies, to deliver unto John Pers, clerk of the Checke, ccc livery bowes, ccc sheefs of arrows, with girdells and cases to the same, and also ccc halberds, for the furniture of ccc of the King's majesties yeomen extraordinarie to attend on his highness person during his pleasure." On the 6th September was issued "a warrant to sir Edmund Peckham for vj Cxx li. to the yomen of the garde extraordinarye for wayting this progresse, for Julie and August."

08 Jun 1550. Also the vicedam (age 28)¹ made a great souper to the duke of Somerset (age 50) and the marquis of Northampton (age 38), with divers masques and other conceites.

Note 1. The vidame of Chartres (age 28) seems to have signalised himself among the French visitors by his hospitality. On the 4th of June the council sent "a letter to the customers of London to suffer the visdame to take and lande xliij tonnes of Gascon wine for his own provision without oustome-paying." Again on the 7th Jan. 1550-1, xxv or xxvj tonne.

09 Jun 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50), marquis Northampton (age 38), lord tresorer (age 67) (St. John, the earl of) Bedford, and the secretary Petre (age 45), went to the bishope of Winchester (age 67)², to know to what he wold stike. He mad(e) answer that he wold obey, and set furth al thinges set furth by me and my parliement; and if he were troubled in conscience he wold revele it to the counsel, and not reason openly against it.³

Note 2. Gardiner (age 67) was now a prisoner in the Tower. The King paid great attention to the course of the proceedings directed by the council against the bishop, in relation to which several passages will occur in the succeeding pages. Foxe, in the first edition of his Actes and Monuments, inserted the record of these proceedings at very great length; which in subsequent editions was materially abridged, but in the last, by the Rev. S. E. Cattley, it is restored to its place, and occupies pp. 24-267 of the sixth volume. The depositions of many of the principal nobility and courtiers who had been present at Gardiner's (age 67) trial sermon (already noticed in p. 59), contain many remarkable statements and biographical particulars.

Note 3. See the report made by the duke of Somerset and the rest, in Foxe, (edit. Cattley,) iv. 79, and Gardiner's own more particular account of this conference at p. 113.

09 Jun 1550. The first payment of the French was laid up in the Towr, for al chauncis.

10 Jun 1550. The bokis of my procedings⁴ was sent to the bishop of Winchester (age 67), to see whether he wold set his hand to it, or promes to set it forth to the peple.

Note 4. The book so designated by the King was the Book of Common Prayer. Gardiner was also required to give his opinion upon "another book, for the making of priests."

11 Jun 1550. Order was gevin for fortifieng and vitalling Cales [Map] for 4 monthes; and also sir Hary Paulmer and sir (Richard) Alee were sent to the frontieres of Scoteland to take a veu of al the fortes there, ^ and to report to the councel where thei thought best to

12 Jun 1550. The marquis de Means (age 31) came from Scoteland, in post, and went his way into Fraunce.

13 Jun 1550. Commissions were signed to sir Wiliam Herbert (age 49) and 30 other, to intreat of certain matters in Wales², and also instructions to the same how to behave himself in the presidentship.

14 Jun 1550. Atwood and Lambert were sent to take view of Aldernay, Syllay, Jernsey, Gernsei, and th'il of Gitto.

14 Jun 1550. The duke of Somerset, with 5 other of the counsel, went to the bishop of Winchester (age 67), to whom he made this answer:— "I, having deliberatly seen the book of common praier, although I wold not have made it so my self, yet I find such thinges in it as satisfieth my conscience, and therefor both I wil execut it myself, and also see other my parishoners to doe it." This was subscribed by the foresaid counsailurs, that they herd him saing thies wordes.²

Note 2. "Parish, in the dialect of a bishop, is notoriously known to be his diocese. Yet I deny not but that the numerous parishioners of St. Mary Ovary's (wherein Winchester house) are herein particularly intended." Note on this passage of the Journal by Dr. Fuller, in his Church History.

16 Jun 1550. The lord marquis, mr. Herbert (age 49), the vicedam (age 28), Henadpy, and divers other gentlemen went to th'erle of Warwike's¹, wher thei wer honorablie received, and the next day thei rane at the ring a great nomber of gentlemen.

Note 1. Probably at Syon [Map].

19 Jun 1550. I went to Detford [Map], being bidden to supper by the lord Clinton (age 38), where before souper I saw certain stand upon th' end of a bote without hold of any thing, and rane one at another till one was cast into the water. At supper mons. vicedam (age 28) and Henadoy supped with me. After supper was ther a fort made upon a great lighter on the Temps, wich had three walles and a watch towre in the middes, of wich mr. Winter (age 25)² was captain, with forty or fifty other souldiours in yelow and blake. To the fort also apperteined a galey of yelow colour, with men and munition in it, for defence of the castel. Wherefor ther cam 4 pinessis with their men in wight ansomely dressed, wich entending to geye assault to the castel, first drove away the yelow piness, and after with cloddes, scuibes, canes of fire, dartes made for the nonce, and bombardes, assaulted the castel; and at lenght came with their pices, and burst the utter walles of the castill, beating them of the castil into the second ward, who after issued out and drove away the pinessis, sinking one of them, out of wich al the men in it, being more than twenty, leaped out, and swamme in the Temps. Then came th' admiral of the navy with three other pinessis and wanne the castil by assault, and burst the tope of it downe, and toke the captain and undercaptain. Then the admiral went forth to take the yelow ship, and at lenght clasped with her, toke her, and assautid also her toppe, and wane it by composicion, and so returned home.

Note 2. William Wynter (age 25), surveyor of the ships: see hereafter under August 23.

20 Jun 1550. The mair of London caused the watchis to be increased every night becans of the great frayes, and also one alderman to see good rule kept every nigbt.

22 Jun 1550. Ther was a privie serch made thorough al Sussex for al vagaboundes, egiptians, conspiratours, propbetes, il plaiers, and such like.

24 Jun 1550. Ther were certain in Essex about Romford went about a conspiracy, wich were taken, and the matter staid.

25 Jun 1550. Removing to Grenwich.

23 Jun 1550. Sir Jhon Gatis, sherief of Essex¹, went downe with lettres to see the bishop's of London injunctions performed, wich touched pluking downe of superaltaries, altars, and such like ceremonies and abuses.²

Note 1. "July xiij. Upon enformaoion of matter of great importance, sir John. Gates, knight, was sent downe into Essex, and for his better furniture of service there appoincted to be allowed th'enterteignment of xxx men in the King's majesties waige between this and Mighelmas. A lettre to sir Thomas Darcie, knight, vice-chamberlaine, to give credite to sir John Gates, and to conferre with him touching the matter that he was sent thither for." (Council Book.)

Note 2. Bishop Ridley's (age 50) Injunctions, 1550, are in Burnet, Eecords No. 52, and in his Works (Parker Soc. edit. p. 319). In Foxe (edit. Cattley), vi. 5, are "Certain reasons why the reverend father Nicholas bishop of London, amongst other his injunctions given in his late visitation, did exhort those churches in his diocese where the altars as then did remain, to conform themselves to those other churches which had taken them down, and had set up, instead of the multitude of their altars, one decent table in every church." Foxe (p. 6) treats the bishop's injunctions and the "reasons" as consequent upon the letters of council dated 24 Nov. 4 Edw. VI. (and mentioned hereafter under that date); but it is clear that the bishop took the initiative, and that the council seconded him. The altar in St. Paul's cathedral was pulled down on the night of St. Barnabas day (June 11), a table being at the same time erected: see the Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, p. 75. On the 22d July the council sent "a letter to the college and town of Windsor to deface their altars out of hand."

29 Jun 1550. It was apointed that the Germaines shuld have the Austin frieres for ther churche to have ther service in, for avoyding of al sectes of Anabaptistes and such like.³

Note 3. "Master John à Lasco arrived in England on the 13th of May. His coming was greatly to the delight of all godly persons. He has determined to remain in London, and establish a German church, of which he is appointed the superintendent." Letter of Martin Micronius to Henry Bullinger, from London, May 20, 1550, in Zurich Letters, 1847, iii. 560. The letters patent, dated on the 24th July, are printed in Rymer's Foedera, xv. 242, and in Burnet's Hist, of the Reformation, iv. 308. The church was to be called "templum domiai Jesu;" John à Lasco was constituted the first superintendent, and Gualter de Boemis, Martin Flandrus, Francis Riverius, and Rodolph Gallus, the four first ministers. See further on this subject in the General Index to the Parker Society's Works, under the heads of Confession, à Lasco, and London; also the General Index to Strype's TRBrks.

17 Jun 1550. [Note. Mistake for 27th]. The French quene (age 31) was deliverid of a third sone, called mons. d'Angoulesme.¹

Note 1. "The 27th day of this present, between three and five in the morning, the queen (age 31) was delivered of a man-child, whom they call Monsieur d'Engoulesme. Here is divers talks who shall be godfathers. They that know much say that the queen is desirous to have the King our master to be one of them, and that for that purpose a gentleman shall be shortly sent from here to England." Letter from sir John Mason (age 47) to the council, dated at Poissy June 29, 1550 (new style), in Tytler, i 307.

13 Jun 1550. Th' emperour departed from Argentin to Augusta.

30 Jun 1550. Jhon Poynet made bishop of Rochester, and receivid his othe.²

Note 2. The letters patent nominating John Ponet (age 36) to the see of Rochester, dated the 6th June, are printed by Rymer, xv. 237; followed by the letters of Signiflcavit addressed to the archbishop of Canterbury, dated the 27th of the same month; and at p. 240 are letters patent dated the 4th July, authorising the bishop to hold in commendam until the feast of the Annunciation in 1555, the vicarage of Ashford in the diocese of Canterbury, the rectory of Towen in the diocese of Bangor, the rectory of St. Michael [Map] near Crooked-lane in the city of London, and a prebend of the church of Canterbury. "June xxvij. 1550, upon consideracion that mr. Poynett nowe elected busshope of Rochester hath no house to dwell in, and his lyving small, it was agreed he shulde enjoye his benefice in commendam; but from henseforth it is decreed that no busshope shall keepe other benefice than his busshopprick only." (Council Book.) Ponet was translated to Winchester on the 23d March, 1550-1. On the domestic scandal connected with Ponet's marriage, see Machyn's Diary, pp. 8, 320, and the Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, p. 70.

05 Jul 1550. There was mony provided to be sent into Irland for paiment of the souldiours there, and also ordre taken for the dispatch of the straungers in London.

09 Jun 1550. The erle of Warwick (age 46), the lord treasorer (age 67), sir Wiliam Herbert (age 49), and the secretari Petre (age 45) went to the bishop of Winchester (age 67) with certain articles signed by me and the counsel, conteining the confessing of his faut, the supremici, the establissing of holy dayes, the abolishing of sixe articles, and divers other, wherof the copie is in the counsel chest¹, wherunto he put his hand, saving to the confes(sion).

10 Jul 1550. Sir Wiliam Herbert (age 49) and the secretary Petre (age 45) were sent unto him, to tell him I marvailed that he wold not putt his hand to the confession: to whom he made answere that he wold not put his hand to the confession forbicaus he was innocent; and also the confession was but the preface of th' articles.

11 Jul 1550. The bishop of London (age 50), the secretary Petre (age 45), mr. Cicel, and Goderik, wer commaundid to make certein articles according to the lawis, and put them in the submission.²

Note 2. See "the copy of the last articles sent to the bishop of Winchester," in Foxe (edit. Cattley), vi. 82.

12 Jul 1550. It was apointed that under the shadow of preparing for the sea matiers there should be sent 5,000 poundes to the protestauntes to get their good will.

14 Jul 1550. The bishop of Winchestir (age 67) did deny the articles that the bishop of London (age 50) and the other had made.³

Note 3. See the report of the master of the horses and master secretary Petre (age 45) in Foxe (edit. Cattley), iv. 84; in p. 75, Gardiner's own account of the interview in his answer to the 14th article subsequently objected against him; and also, in p. 116, his farther account in paragraph Ixxiv. of his justificatory narrative.

13 Jul 1550. Sir Jhon Gatis sent into Essex to stope the going away of the ladie Marie (age 34), bicause it was credibly informed that Scipperus⁴ shuld stele her away to Antwerp, divers of her gentlemen were there, and Scipperus a litle befor came to see the landing placis.

Note 4. Scipperus (mentioned again by the King under the dates of the 27th July and 14th August) must have been a naval commander in the emperor's service. Sir John Hayward, misinterpreting the present passage, translates it, "Divers of her gentlemen departed thither (to Antwerp) before, and certain shippers (as they are termed) were discovered to view the English coast." (Life and Reign of King Edward VI.) "The emperor privately sent to England in July a certain Scepper, one of his principal councillors, for the purpose of carrying away the King's eldest sister, Mary (age 34); but, by God's blessing, the thing was discovered and prevented. Unless God had watched over his people, it would have been all over with them." Martin Micronius to Henry Bullinger, from London, Aug. 18, 1550, in Zurich Letters, ui. 568.

16 Jul 1550. It was apointed that the tow hundred with the duke of Somerset, and 200 with the lord prevy seal, and 400 with mr. Sentleiger, shuld be sent to the sea cost.

17 Jul 1550. It was agreed that on Wensday next we shuld goe in one day to Windsore, and dine at Sion [Map].

18 Jul 1550. It was thought best that the lord Bowes (age 58) should tary in his wardenship still, and the erl of Warwic shuld tary here and be recompensed.¹

Note 1. On the 2d May the council had sent "a lettre to sir Robert Bowes declaring the King's ma^ties determination touching the placing of th'erle of Warwick in the North, and that in respect of his (sir Robert's) good service there his highness had appointed him a convenient pencion unto such time as he shulde finde occasion better to employ him." But now (on the 19th July, according to the Council Book), "forasmuch as it was not thought convenient that th'erle of Warrewick shulde according to the former order go into the Northe, but rather for many urgent consideracions attende on the Kinges persone, therefore his highness resolved by th'advise of the whole counsaill that sir Robert Bowes shulde remaigne Wardeigne of the th'East and Middle marches as he was before."

19 Jul 1550. The bishop of Winchester (age 67) was sequestred from his frutes for 3 monthes.²

Note 2. This took place "at the time of even-song, in the chapel of the court of Westminster," whither the bishop was brought before the lords of the council: see his answer to the 15th article objected against him, in Foxe (edit. Cattley), iv. 75, and paragraph Ixxvi. of his justificatory narrative, at p. 116.

20 Jul 1550. Houper (age 55) was made bishop of Gloucestre.³

Note 3. The letters patent nominating John Hoper (age 55), S. T. Prof, to the bishopric of Gloucester, dated the 3d July, are printed in Rymer, xv. 240.

20 Jul 1550. The marchauntes were commaundid to stay as much as thei could ther vent into Flaundres, bicaus th'emperour had made many straight lawes against them that professed the gospel.

21 Jun 1550. Sir Jhon Wallop, Frauncis Hall, and doctor Coke were apointed commissioners to apoint the limites betwene me and the French king.

23 Jul 1550. Removing to Windsore [Map].

22 Jul 1550. The secretary Petre (age 45) and lord chauncelour (age 53) were apointed to goe to the lady Mary (age 34) to cause her to cume to Oking, or to the court.

27 Jul 1550. Because the rumour came so much of Scipperus comming, it was apointed that thei of th'amiralty shuld set my shippes in redines.¹

Note 1. Nearly a month later we read in the Council Book: "August xxij. A lettre to William Wynter (age 25), surveyor of the shippes, to repaire unto Portesmouth, there to take the charge of the King's shippes appoincted to be removed to Gillingham water, and further to follow such order as the lorde admirall shall prescribe unto him. Three severall lettres to captaines Cuffe, Gonyers, and Barrey to repayre with their CCC. men to Portesmouthe for the furniture of the shippes through the narrow sea, as they shall be there directed by the lorde admirall or his deputie, and that by the iiij^th day of September next: which doon they shall retourne to the places wheare they be nowe, onlesse they have other order from hense the meane time. A lettre to the duke of Somerset declaring howe Cuffe and Conyers, with their bands, being now within his charge, are appoincted to Portesmouth for the cause before rehearsed." (Council Book.)

26 Jul 1550. The duke of Somerset went to set ordre ia Oxfordshier, Sussex, Wiltshier, and Hampshier.²

Note 2. "Jul 25th. A warrant to th'officers of th'ordonaunce to deliver unto the duke of Somerset, towards his furniture in the lieutenauntshippe committed unto him, these parcells following: — One fawconett of brasse, twoo fawcons of brasse, twoo sacres of brasse, xx dowble harquebutts with staies, vC weight of serpentine powder, one C^th weight of fine corne powder, di. C^th of matches or lunts, lx shott of yron for fawconet, CL^tie shott of yron for fawcons, Cxx shot of yron for sacres. All this is to be delivered into their office upon the retorne of the said duke of Somerset from his said charge after Mighelmas." —

"Sept. xvii. A lettre to mr. Fleming for the fetching away of th'ordinaunce from Reding, which was delivered to the duke of Somersett." (Council Book.)

28 Jul 1550. The lady Mary (age 34) after long communication was content to cume to Leis³ to the lord chauncelour (age 53), and then to Hunsdon, but she utterly denied⁴ to come to the court or Oking at that time.

Note 3. Leez [Map] in Essex, the house of the lord chancellor Rich (age 53).

Note 4. i.e refused.

31 Jul 1550. Th'erl of Southampton (deceased)⁵ died.

Note 5. Thomas Wriothesley (deceased), formerly lord chancellor (see before, p. 211). See a description of his funeral in Machyn's Diary, p. 1; and the note, p. 313. Mr. J. Payne Collier has an old copy of his will, which was made 21 July, 4 Edw. VI. and proved 14 May, 1551, by Jane (age 41) his widow and sir Edmund Peckham (age 55). In early life he had been clerk to Peckham, then cofferer of the household (21 Hen. VII.). Trevelyan Papers, p. 168.

14 Jul 1550. Andrew Dory toke the cyti of Africa from the pirat Draguntra¹, who in the meane season burnt the country of Genoa.

Note 1. This news was premature: the King mentions the siege again under the 27th of August and the 18th of September.

08 Jul 1550. Th'emperour came to Auspurg.

04 Aug 1550. Mr. Setlienger (age 54)² was apointed by mi lettres patentes to be deputy there (in Ireland), and had his commission, iastructions, and lettres to the nobles of Irland for the same purpose.

Note 2. Sir Anthony St. Leger (age 54), K.G. had been lord deputy of Ireland for several periods since the year 1540. He had been replaced by sir Edward Bellingham (see before, p. 221) by patent dated 22 April, 2 Edw. VI. (1548). Sir Edward was now dead, and sir Anthony was reappointed by patent 4 Aug. 4 Edw. VI. (1550). He was succeeded by sir James Croft (age 32) on the 29th April following, but again became lord deputy after the accession of Mary. On the 28th June, 1550, the council had resolved, "That in consideration of the greate chardge the lorde deputie of Irelande doth and shall susteigne in th'execucion of his office there, his fee shall be augmented CC marks, to make it up full a thousand pounds a yere." (Council Book.)

05 Aug 1550. The same deputy (age 54) departed from the castel of Windesore [Map].

06 Aug 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50) departid to Reding to take an ordre there.

07 Aug 1550. It was apointed that of the mony delivered to me by the French king there shuld be takin on(e) 100,000 crounes, to pay 10,000 pound at Callais [Map], . 000³ in the Northe, and 2000 in th'amiralty, and 8000 in Irland.

Note 3. The first figure is left blank.

08 Aug 1550. Mons. Henadoy toke his leave to depart to Callais [Map], and so upon the paiment to be delivered home; and Tremouille (age 29), being sike, went in a horslitter to Dover.⁴

Note 4. Hunaudaye, Tremouille (age 29), and the vidame of Chartres (age 28) had been residing in England at perfect liberty from the 7th of May, on which day the council, "Being determined for divers good consideracions to take the faith of monsieur Tremoyle (age 29) and the other ij Frenche hostaiges, that they shulde be trewe hostaiges having their libertie within the realme, the lorde privye seale and the lorde Paget were appoincted to go unto them to receave their faith and promise in that behalfe." (Council Book.) On the 7th Aug. the council addressed "A lettre to sir Maurice Denys (age 42) to prepare lodgings for the French hostaiges now sent to Caleys [Map] for th'enoounter of the second payment, and not onely to entretaine them well, but also to be sure of them that they escape not before the money received." (Ibid)

09 Aug 1550. The French embassadour came to Windsore to sue for a pasport for the douagier of Scotteland (age 34); wich being graunted, so she came like a frend, he required 300 hors to passe, with 200 kepers, wich was not holly graunted, but only 200 hors with 150 kepers in on(e) companie, cumming into this realme as shuld be apointed, shuld without let passe into Fraunce, and not returne this way.¹

Note 1. This plan was reversed. The queen sailed from Edinburgh (to visit her daughter Mary queen of Scots (age 7), who was then in France,) on the 7th Sept. 1550, and landed at Dieppe on the 19th. On her return she came through England, landing at Portsmouth on the 2d Nov. 1551: under which date we shall meet her again.

11 Aug 1550. The vidame of Chartres (age 28) shewed his licence to tary hiere, and a lettre written to the same purpose.²

Note 2. In the following month the vidame proceeded to Scotland. — "Sept. viij. A pasporte for the Visdamme into Sootlande, and xxx^ti in his trayne, with commission to take up hierde horses. A lettre to the warden of the marches for to see him well and honorablie used both going and coming, he and his said numbre. A lettre to Henry Dudley, signifyeing the Kinges majesties licence for his going with the saide Visedamme into Scotland. An ordre taken for the sending of Hussey, oon of the groomes of the chambre, to be furrer or harbenger to the saide Visdamme, with commission to prepare his lodgings in every place by the way, with chardge that he be obeyde. A warrant to (blank) to deliver xxli. unto Henry Duddley towards his chardges goinge before the Visdamme into Scotlande. A warrant to (blank) to deliver vli. unto Lawrence Hussey, groome of the chambre, towards his charges going as harbenger before the Visdamme into Scotlande." (Council Book.)

10 Aug 1550. The embassadour of France departid, not a litle contented with his gentle answeris.

12 Aug 1550. Removing to Guileford [Map].

13 Aug 1550. The parliement was prorogued to the 20 of February next folowing.³ Mr. Cok(e) master of requestes and certain other law(y).ers were apointed to make a short table of the la wis and actis that were not (w)holly unprofitable, and to present it to the bord.

Note 3. At this date the parliament stood prorogued from the 2d May to the 13th October.

The above shows merely an intention of the council: to which the lord chancellor (age 53) made some objection: for in a council held at Guildford on the 17th August, "Upon a letter received from the lord chancellor (age 53) of his opinion that it were not convenient to proroge the parliament, another letter was addressed unto him, nevertheless to precede in making out the writtes and despatching of them according to the former order." See the final arrangement hereafter, p. 295.

01 Aug 1550. The lord chauncellour (age 53) fell sore sike, with 40 more of his house, so that the lady Mary (age 34) came not thither at that time.

14 Aug 1550. There came divers advertisments from Chamberlain, embassadour with the quene of Hungary (age 44)¹, that there very intent was to take away the lady Mary (age 34), and so to begin an outward warr, and an inward conspiracy; insomuch that the quene said Scipperus was but a coward, and, for feare of one gentleman that came downe, durst not goe furth with his entreprice to my lady Mary (age 34).

Note 1. The emperor's (age 47) sister, regent of the Netherlands.

16 Aug 1550. The erle of Maxfeild² came downe to the North borders with a good power to overthrow the Cremis³, who were a certein family that were yelden to me. But the lord Dacre⁴ stode befor his face with a good band of men, and so put him frome his purpos, and the gentilmen called Cremis skirmished with the said erle, slaying certein of his men.

Note 2. It appears from the Council Book (August 14) that this invasion of "the Debatable land" was made by the lord Maxwell (who was not an earl), on the plea of correcting Scotch fugitives. On the 21st the council addressed "a letter to the French ambassador, declaring the invasion made by the lord Maxwell with iiijC Frenchmen and a great nombre of Scotts upon the Debatable land: lamenting their folic to attempte the thinge that shulde be cause of their owne displeasure, the fault whereof beginneth of themselves." At the same time a letter was sent to lord Dacre directing him to comfort Sandie Armstronge with his associates to contynewe the Kinges faithefull subjects, and in other respects to make the best defence he could. James [Robert?] fifth lord Maxwell had succeeded his father in 1546, and died Sept. 14, 1552.

Note 3. The Graemes, or Grahams.

Note 4. Warden of the West march (by patent 3 Edw. VI.)

17 Aug 1550. The counsel apointed among themselfis that non of them shuld speak in any man's behalf for land to be gieven, revercion of oflaces, leasses of maners, or extraordinary anmiites, except for certain capitains who seryed at Bolein [Map], ther answere being differred to Michelmas next.

18 Aug 1550. A proclamacion that til Michelmas al straung(er)is that sued for pencions shuld go there way.

20 Aug 1550. Removing to Oking.¹

Note 1. Having remained at Guildford from the 12tli of the month, as is shewn by the Council Book.

27 Aug 1550. Andrea Doria (age 83) gave a bote assault to the towne of Africa, kept by the pirat called Dragodrayes, but was repulsed by the townsemene.

29 Aug 1550. The pirat gave a bote assaulte to Andrea Doria (age 83) by night, and slew the captain of Thunes (Tunis), with divers other notable men.

31 Aug 1550. The duke Maurice made answere to th' emperour, that if the councel² were not fre he would not come at it.

Note 2. The Catholic Council at Trent: see p. 294.

02 Sep 1550. Maclamore in Irland, before a rebel, by the meanes of mr. Babarson (Brabazon) surrendered himself and gave pledgis.

06 Sep 1550. Mr. Wotton gave up his secretaryship, and mr. Cicil (age 29) toke it.³

Note 3. "Septr. V. This daye mr. William Sicile (age 29) was sworne secretarye in stede of mr. Wotton, by the King's ordre appointed stiU to remaigne of the counsaill." (Council Book.)

08 Sep 1550. Removing to Nonesuch [Map].

15 Sep 1550. Removing to Oteland [Map].

22 Sep 1550. A proclamation was set forth, by the wich it was commandid, first that no kind of vituaile, no wax, talow candels, nor no such thing shuld be caried over except to Cales [Map], putting in sureties to goe thither. Secondarilie, that no man shuld bie or sel the self-same thinges againe, except broggers (brokers), who shuld not have more then 10 quarters of graine at once. Thirdly, that al justices shuld devide themselfes into hundredes, rapes, and wapentakes, to loke in their quarteirs what superfluous corne were in every barne, and apoint it to be sold at a reasonable price. Also that one of them must be in every market to see the corne brought. Furthermore, whosoever shipped over anything aforesaid, to the parties of beyond say, or Scoteland, after 8 dayes folowing the publication of the proclamation, shuld forfait his ship and the ware therein, haulf to the lord of the fraunchez, and half to the finder thereof. Whoso bought to sel again after the day, aforesaid shuld forfait al his goodes, fermes, and lesses to th'use, on(e) half of the finder, th' other of the King. Whoso brought not in come to the market as he was apointed shuld forfait ten pound, except the pourviours¹ toke it up, or it was sold to his neighbours.²

Note 1. i.e. the purveyors for the King's household.

Note 2. This proclamation, dated xxiiij Sept. is preserved in Grafton's collection, 1550, 12mo.

25 Sep 1550. Lettres sent out to the justices of peax for the due execution thereof.³

Note 3. "Oct. ij. Lettres addressed to certain justices of peace within every countie to be diligent for the setting fiirthe of the Proclamacion for Victels." — "Oct. viij. A second lettre to certein justices of the peace within every countie to put in execucion the Proclamacion for Victells in suche wise as it appereth by the mynute thereof." — "Oct. xiiij. Lettres of second charge to the justices of peace for th'excucion of the Proclamacion for Victells at th'especiall commaundement of the Kinges ma^tie, as appeareth by the mynute." On the 23rd Oct. letters were sent to divers counties for the provisions of London, and other letters for provision of victuals to be made at Calais. (Council Book.)

18 Sep 1550. Andrea Doria (age 83) had a repulse from the towne of Africa¹ and lost many of his men, and the capitaine of Thunes (Tunis), and nevertheless left not yet the siedge.

Note 1. "Africa was taken by assault the 20th of September, with the loss of many men. In the town were slain above the number of four thousand, one and other." (See more in a letter of sir John Mason, in Tytler, i. 328.) The town of Africa, the ancient Aphrodisium, was on the coast of the kingdom of Tunis, seventy miles south-east of the capital; and has since been called Mahadia. It was one of the strongholds of the famous corsair, Dragut Rey. The expedition against it was commanded by Andrea Doria (age 83) and Juan de Vega, viceroy of Sicily. On the capture an immense booty was taken.

24 Sep 1550. Order was gevin for the vitailing of Cales [Map].

26 Sep 1550. The lord Willoughby (age 35)², deputy of Cales, departed, and toke his journey thitherward.

Note 2. William lord Willoughby of Parham (age 35) was appointed lieutenant of Calais by letters patent dated 13th Aug. 1550. (Rot. Pat. 4 Edw. III. pars 8.)

28 Sep 1550. The lord treasaurour (age 67) sent to London to geve order for the preservacion of the cite with th'elp of the mayor.

15 Sep 1550. Wheras th'emperour (age 50) required a counsel (council), thei³ were content to receive it so it were free, and ordinary, requiring also that every man might be restored to his right and a general peax proclaimed. Thei desired also that in the meane season no man might be restrained to use his (the emperor's) faschion of religion.

Note 3. We can only conjecture the parties whose sentiments the King is reporting. He seems to mean the Protestant princes of Germany. Charles V (age 50). was eagerly urging the re-assembling of the Council of Trent. (On the 6th Sept. sir John Mason (age 47) writes, "the emperor is still hot about the comioil." — Tytler, i. 330.) It was re-assembled by Julius III. in a bull dated 4th Nov. 1550, the terms of which gave great offence to the Protestant princes.

18 Sep 1550. Th'emperour (age 50) made answer, that the counsel shuld be to the glorie of God, and maintenaunce of th'empire, at Trent. He knew no title to any of his territories. Peax he desiered, and in the meane season wold have them observe th'Interim⁴, and last councel of Trent; he wold also, that they of Breame and Hamburoughe, with their adsociats, shuld leve ther seditions and obey his decrees.

Note 4. The Interim was a formulary of faith, consisting of twenty-six chapters, decreed at the diet held at Augsburg in 1548. (See Sarpi's Histoire du Concile de Trente, edit. Courayer, 1751, i. 524)

21 Sep 1550. George duke of Mechelburg (age 22)¹ cam(e) with 8,000 men of ware to the cite of Madeburg, being Protestant, against whom went furth the count of Mansfeld and his brother, with 6,000 men and 8 gunnes, to drive him from pillage. But thetother, abiding the battail, put the counte to flight, toke his brother prisoner, and slew 3,000 men as it is reported.

Note 1. George (age 22) younger brother of John-Albert I. duke of Mecklenburg (age 24).

04 Oct 1550. Removing to Richemond.

05 Oct 1550. The parliement prorogued to the twenty of January.²

Note 2. It was now judged advisable not to defer the next session of parliament as was before proposed (p. 290) It met for business on the ensuing 23d of January.

06 Oct 1550. The Prench king made his entrie into Roane.³

Note 3. "The first of October he made his entry, which was so brave and so rich, as the likes, by the common report of this court, hath not been seen." Sir John Mason proceeds to describe the pageants and the naval fights on the river: see Tytler, i. 326.

10 Oct 1550. It was agreed that Yorke, master of one of the mintes at the Towre, should make this bargain with me, viz. To make the profit of silver rising of the bullion that he himself brought, should pay al mi dettes, to the some of 120,000⁴ pound, or above, and remain accountable for the overpluse, paying no more but 6 s and 6 pens the ounce, till the exchaung were equal in Flaundres, and after 6 s. and 2 d. Also that he shold declare al his bargains to any should be apointed for to oversee hime, and lieve of (leave off) whan I wold. For wich I should give him 15,000 pound in prest, and leve to cari 8 thousand over sea to abase th'exchaung.

Note 4. In MS. 1200000.

16 Oct 1550. Removing to Whestmuster.

19 Oct 1550. Prices were sett of all kind of graines, butter, chese, and pultry ware by a proclamacion.⁵

Note 5. In Grafton's Collection, 1550, 12mo. "xx Oct."

20 Oct 1550. The Frenchmen came to Sangliefield and Fins-wood⁶, to the nombre of 800, and there on my ground did spoile my subjectes tliat were relieved by the wode.

Note 6. Sandingfield and Fines-wood, in the marches of Calais [Map], towards Boulogne.

26 Oct 1550. The French embassadour came to excuse the foresaid men, saying thei thought it not mete that that wode shold be spoiled of us, being thought and claimed as thers, and therfor thei lay there.

24 Oct 1550. There were 1,000 men embarked to goe to Cales [Map], and so to Guines and Hammes, Risbanke, Neumanbridge, the Causie, and the bulwarkes, with vitail for the same.

19 Nov 1550. There were lettres sent to every bishope to pluke down th'aulters.¹

Note 1. See these letters, under the King's signet, and dated the 24th of November, printed in Foxe's Actes and Monuments.

20 Nov 1550. There were lettres sent downe to the gentlemen of every shiere for th'observation of the last proclamacion touching corne, bicause there came none to the markets, commaunding them to punish th'offendours.

29 Nov 1550. Upon the lettres written bake by the same the proclamacion was abolished.²

Note 2. The attempt to fix prices by proclamation was, from the nature of things, unsuccessful. The true principles of political economy had not yet obtained a majority in the privy council, though there was one member at least — but he was absent — who had arrived at wiser conclusions. "I hear (writes sir John Mason (age 47) to secretary Cecill) a great bruit of the discontentation of our people upon a late proclamation touching cheese and butter; of a little thing we make here a great matter. And surely, if there be no other thing than I do see in the thing, the matter might even as well have been spared. I have seen so many experiences of such ordinances; and ever the end is dearth, and lack of the thing that we seek to make 'good cheap.' Nature will have her course, etiam si furca expellatur [even if the fork is driven], and never shall you drive her to consent that a penny-worth of new shall be sold for a farthing. If 'good cheap' follow this devise, then hereafter will I think it were good the like were still used; but this I am sure, the thing shall not be so plentiful as it was, and then I report me to you whether it will be better cheap. For who will keep a cow that may not sell the milk for so much as the merchant and he can agree upon? See what a babbling I make, being clean ignorant of the case! I doubt not but my lords saw what they did, and therefore I may hold my peace like a fool." (Letter dated from Bloys, Dec. 4, 1550, in Tytler, i. 341.)

15 Dec 1550. Ther was lettres sent for the taking of certeine chapelins of the lady Mary (age 34) for saiing masse, wich she denied.¹

Note 1. The lady Mary's denial, or explanation, respecting her chaplains was in the following words, in a letter dated from Beaulieu (otherwise called New-hall, in Essex) on the 4th Dec.: — "The one of them (Berkeley) was not in my house these four months; and dr. Mallet, having my license, is either at Windsor, or at his benefice; who, as I hear, was indicted for saying mass out of my house: which was not true. But indeed, the day before my removing from Woodham Walter, my whole household in effect being gone to New-hall, he said mass there by mine appointment." This letter, and that of the council mentioned in the text, in which the matter is argued at great length, will be found in Foxe; the latter was despatched on the 25th Dec, — doubtless from Westminster, not "Winchester." The lady Mary's previous letter of the 23rd Nov., which does not occur in Foxe's series, has been published by Mr. Tytler, i. 346.

On the 22d March, 1550-1, "Mr. Rochester, comptroller to my ladie Marie's grace, was examined before the counsaill, how many ordinarie chaplens her grace had, who answered iiij., viz. doctor Mallet, Hopton, Barker (Berkeley), and Ricardes." (Council Book.)

20 Dec 1550. Ther was apointed a band of horsmen divided amongest the nobles¹, an 100 to the duke of Somerset. 50 to my lord marcus. ... to th'erle of Warwic. ... North(ampton). Lord prevy seal. Lord ma(rquess) Dorset (age 33). Mr. Herbert. Erl of Wilt(shire). Mr. treasaurour. Lord Wentworth. (To the lord treasaurier, erased.) Lord admiral. Lord Paget. Mr. Sadelier. Mr. Darcy.

Note 1. On the 5th June following the council issued "a warraunt to (blank) to paie vC. li. to the duke of Somersett, the lord threasorer, the lord great master, the lord privie seale, the the lord great chamberlayn, the lord wardein, and the master of t'horse,for the intertayne- ment of c. men at armes, due for one quarter's waieges at Midsomer next. And cc. li. a piece to th'erle of Huntington, th'erle of Rutlande, the lord admyrall, the lord chamberlayn, the lord Cobham, and the lord Pagett, for their quarter's entertaynement ended at Midsomer next. Whiche amounteth in th'ole to the some of vM¹. li." So that the total cost of this "band of horsemen" was 20,000l. per annum.

21 Dec 1550. Removing to Grenewich.

26 Dec 1550. Peax concluded bitweene th'emperour and the Scottes.