On this Day in History ... 30th March

30 Mar is in March.

1296 Capture of Berwick

1485 Richard III publicly denies that he intended to marry his niece Elizabeth

1534 First Act of Succession

1661 Charles II Continues to Reward those who Supported His Restoration

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 30th March

On 30 Mar 1296 Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford (age 21) captured Berwick on Tweed [Map] from William "Hardy" Douglas 2nd Lord Douglas (age 56). Richard Cornwall (age 44) was killed during the course of the siege.'When the town had been taken in this way and its citizens had submitted, Edward spared no one, whatever the age or sex, and for two days streams of blood flowed from the bodies of the slain, for in his tyrannous rage he ordered 7,500 souls of both sexes to be massacred. So that mills could be turned by the flow of their blood.' - Account of the Massacre of Berwick, from Bower's Scotichronicon.

After 30 Mar 1461. Monument in Church of St Oswald, Methley [Map] to Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles (deceased) and Joan or Cecily Waterton. He with bobbed hair typical of the period resting on great helm, livery collar of linked chain, standard (the chain mail around the neck), wearing a coat of arms (or (gold) a lion sable (black)), leg garter at the knee, fluted period with tassets that protect the thighs, his feet on a lion. She wearing a horned headdress, her head resting on a cushion supported by angels, small linked collar. Both with hands clasped in prayer with lots of rings. Little dog chewing at her dress. Chest with Angels with Rounded Wings holding Shields. Dogs chewing at her dress with Studded Collar. Angels Supporting Pillow.

Joan or Cecily Waterton: she was born to Robert Waterton Constable and Cecily Fleming. Before 14 Apr 1447 Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles and she were married. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 30 Mar 1465 Isabella Clermont Queen Consort Naples (age 41) died.

On 30 Mar 1485 King Richard III of England (age 32) publicly rebutted rumours in front of the Mayor and citizens of London that he intended to marry his niece Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (age 19). Her sister Cecily York Viscountess Welles (age 16) was probably also included in the rebuttal.

Calendars. March 30. [1533] Sanuto Diaries, v. lviii. p. 45. 867. Carlo Capello to the Signory.

In the Parliament of the Ecclesiastics [the Convocation of theologians and canonists ?] they are attending daily with the utmost diligence to the affair of the divorce, and to deprive the Pope of his appeal and authority in this kingdom. It is supposed they will settle thus; and should his Holiness not assent to the divorce, they will withdraw their obedience. For this purpose the Marchioness's brother [George Boleyn Lord Rochford (age 30)?] went to France to have a Latin work printed about these, matters, and to urge King Francis likewise to withdraw his obedience to the Pope.

Tomorrow the ArchBishop of Canterbury will be consecrated; and on the first Sunday after Easter (la domenica delli Apostoli) the Parliament [query, Convocation] will meet again, and settle the matter in a few days1. On the 24th, and yesterday, the Duke of Norfolk warned the Papal Nuncio here, that of necessity this must be done, as the Pope will not take heed for the salvation of this kingdom.2

It is believed that the affairs of Scotland will be adjusted. Five days ago, a Scottish lord named Stuart—of the family opposed to the Earl of Angus—arrived here, on his way to France for this purpose, and they are expecting Mons. de Beove [Beauvoir ?].

The Scots lately captured seven vessels, laden by English merchants with wines, wax, and other merchandise.

Four days ago, a Doctor, late English ambassador to the King of Denmark, [Frederick I. who died at Gottorp, 3rd April 1533] accompanied by a Danish Envoy, arrived here to confirm the peace and goodwill between the two crowns.

Advices have been received from Dantzic that King Christian, the Emperor's brother-in-law, has been fettered hand and foot, for having written to the Hollanders, to come and release and restore him to his kingdom; and the Danes were preparing for war, and had engaged a considerable band of Lansquenets from Guelders, against the Hollanders. All this proceeds from the most Christian King, and the stir made by the King of Scotland, from the Emperor.

London, 30th March. Registered by Sanuto, 29th April.

[Italian.]

Note 1. In the year 1533, the first Sunday after Easter was the 20th of April, and as it was not customary to transact important public business in Passion week or Easter week it had perhaps been originally intended to prorogue the "Convocation" and the Parliament until after the holidays, but on Monday the 31st March, the day of Cranmer's consecration, something occurred, causing the two Houses of Convocation and Parliament to continue their sittings during the 5th week in Lent, and to decide the divorce case on the Monday in Passion week, whereupon Parliament was prorogued until the 6th June, as seen by Capello's letter of the 12th April.

Note 2. "Poi che 'l Papa non vol avertir alia salute di questo Regno."

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Extracts from The Life of Anne Boleyn. [30 Mar 1534] And after this again, at the prorogation of the parliament, the thirtieth of March13, he had every lord, knight, and burgess sworn to an act of succession, and their names subscribed to a schedule fixed to the same statute, where it was enacted, that his daughter princess Elizabeth, he having none other heir male, should succeed him to the crown. And after were commissioners sent to all parts of the realm to take the like oath of all men and women in the land. Neither also were her virtues only enclosed in her own breast or shut up in her own person. She had procured to her chaplains14, men of great learning and of no less honest conversing, whom she with hers heard much, and privately she heard them willingly and gladly to admonish her, and them herself exhorted and encouraged so to do. Also at the first, she had in court drawn about her, to be attending on her, ladies15 of great honour, and yet of greater choice for reputation of virtue, undoubted witnesses of her spousal integrity, whom she trained upon with all commendations of well ordered government, though yet above all by her own example she shined above them all, as a torch that all might take light of, being itself still more bright. Those that have seen at Hampton Court the rich and exquisite works by her self, for the greater part wrought by her own hand and needle, and also of her ladies, esteem them the most precious furniture that are to be accounted amongst the most sumptuous that any prince may be possessed of. And yet far more rich and precious were those works in the sight of God which she caused her maids and those about her daily to work in shirts and smocks for the poor. But not staying here her eye of charity, her hand of bounty passed through the whole land; each place felt that heavenly flame burning in her; all times will remember it, no place leaving for vain flames, no times for idle thoughts. Her ordinary amounted to fifteen hundred pounds at the least, yearly, to be bestowed on the poor. Her provisions of stock for the poor in sundry needy parishes were very great. Out of her privy purse went not a little to like purposes. To Scholars in exhibition very much: so as in three quarters of a year her alms was summed to fourteen or fifteen thousand pounds.

Note 12. So it is in the Calendars prefixed to the Book of Common Prayer in Queen Elizabeth's reign. Lord Herbert says it was the sixth, Sanders the eighth, and Archbishop Cranmer the thirteenth or fourteenth.

Note 13. A. D. 1534.

Note 14. Shaxton and Latimer.

Note 15. To every one of these she gave a little book of devotions, neatly written on vellum, and bound in covers of solid gold enamelled, with a ring to each cover to hang it at their girdles for their constant use and meditation.

One of these little volumes, traditionally said to have been given by the queen when on the scaffold to her attendant, one of the Wyatt family, and preserved by them through several generations, was described by Vertue as being seen by him in the possession of Mr. George Wyatt of Charterhouse Square, in 1721. Vide Walpole's Miscellaneous Antiquities, printed at Strawberry Hill, 1772, No. II. p. 13. It was a diminutive volume, consisting of one hundred and four leaves of vellum, one and seven-eighths of an inch long by one and five-eights of an inch broad; containing a metrical version of parts of thirteen Psalms: and bound in pure gold richly chased, with a ring to append it to the neck-chain or girdle. It was in Mr. Triphook's possession in the year 1817.

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Foxe's Book of Martyrs. Before 30 Mar 1554. The which day and place the said bishop and true servant of God, Master Ferrar, personally there appearing, was demanded of Henry, the pretended bishop of St, David's, whether he would renounce and recant his heresies, schisms, and errors, (as he called them,) which hitherto he had maintained, and if he would subscribe to the catholic articles, otherwise than he had done before.

After this the said godly bishop, Master Ferrar, did exhibit a certain schedule written in English, and remaining in the Acts; appealing withal by express word of mouth from the bishop, as from an incompetent judge, to Cardinal Pole, &c. All which notwithstanding, the said bishop, proceeding in his rage, pronounced the definitive sentence against him, contained in writing, and there left in the Acts: by the which sentence he pronounced him as a heretic excommunicate, and to be given up forthwith to the secular power; namely, to the sheriff of the town of Caermarthen, Master Leyson.

Foxe's Book of Martyrs. 30 Mar 1554. Thus this godly bishop, being condemned and degraded, was committed to the secular power, who not long after was brought to the place of execution in the town of Caermarthen, where he, in the market place in the south side of the market-cross, the thirtieth day of March, being Saturday next before Passion Sunday, most constantly sustained the torments and passion of the fire.

Touching the which constancy of this blessed martyr, this is moreover to be added and noted, that one named Richard Jones, a knight's son, coming to Master Ferrar a little before his death, seemed to lament the painfulness of the death he had to suffer: unto whom the bishop answered again to this effect, saying, that if he saw him once to stir in the pains of his burning, he should then give no credit to his doctrine. And as he said, so he right. well performed the same; for so patiently he stood that he never moved, but even as he stood, (holding up his stumps,) so still he continued, till one Richard Gravell with a staff dashed him upon the head, and so struck him down.

On 30 Mar 1610 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle (age 74) died. On 14 May 1635 Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton (deceased) was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle: In 1536 he was born to Edward Gorges and Mary Poyntz in Wraxall, Somerset. In 1573 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle acquired the manor of Longford, Wiltshire which had been owned by the Servington aka Cervington family. In 1576 after his marriage to Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton they commissioned the building of a house on the triangular Swedish style on the banks of the Wiltshire River Avon with money from a shipwreck of the Spanish Armada. In 1576 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle and Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton were married secretly. In 1586 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle was knighted at Beddington, Surrey.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 30 Mar 1617. The 30th I spent in walking and sitting in the Park having my mind more contented than it was before my Lord (age 28) came from Buckhurst.

In early 1661 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rewarded of further tranche of those who supported his Restoration ...

On 02 Jan 1661 Henry Bedingfield 1st Baronet (age 46) was created 1st Baronet Bedingfield of Oxburgh in Norfolk.

On 10 Jan 1661 Andrew Rutherford 1st Earl Teviot was created 1st Baron Rutherford with special remainder to his heirs and assignees whatsoever, and that under what provisions, restrictions, and conditions the said Lord Rutherford should think fit.

On 23 Jan 1661 John Cole 1st Baronet (age 41) was created Baronet Cole of Newland.

On 23 Feb 1661 Edward Smythe 1st Baronet (age 41) was created 1st Baronet Smythe.

On 04 Mar 1661 Compton Reade 1st Baronet (age 36) was created 1st Baronet Reade of Barton in Berkshire. Mary Cornwall Lady Reade (age 31) by marriage Lady Reade of Barton in Berkshire.

On 10 Mar 1661 Brian Broughton 1st Baronet (age 42) was created 1st Baronet Broughton of Broughton in Staffordshire.

On 20 Mar 1661 Thomas Rich 1st Baronet (age 60) was created 1st Baronet Rich of Sonning in Berkshire.

On 29 Mar 1661 Robert Cholmondeley 1st Viscount Cholmondeley (age 21) was created 1st Viscount Cholmondeley of Kells in County Meath.

On 30 Mar 1661 James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 50) was created 1st Duke Ormonde by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30). Elizabeth Preston Duchess Ormonde (age 45) by marriage Duchess Ormonde.

On 30 Mar 1661 John Fettiplace 1st Baronet (age 35) was created 1st Baronet Fettiplace of Childrey in Berkshire. Anne Wenman Lady Fettiplace (age 31) by marriage Lady Fettiplace of Childrey in Berkshire.

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Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1661. At the office we and Sir W. Rider to advise what sort of provisions to get ready for these ships going to the Indies. Then the Comptroller (age 50) and I by water to Mr. Coventry (age 33), and there discoursed upon the same thing.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1663. So to my office where all the morning and at the Glass-house, and after dinner by coach with Sir W. Pen (age 41) I carried my wife and her woman to Westminster, they to visit Mrs. Ferrers and Clerke, we to the Duke, where we did our usual business, and afterwards to the Tangier Committee, where among other things we all of us sealed and signed the Contract for building the Mole with my Lord Tiviott, Sir J. Lawson (age 48), and Mr. Cholmley. A thing I did with a very ill will, because a thing which I did not at all understand, nor any or few of the whole board. We did also read over the propositions for the Civill government and Law Merchant of the town, as they were agreed on this morning at the Glasshouse by Sir R. Ford (age 49) and Sir W. Rider, who drew them, Mr. Povy (age 49) and myself as a Committee appointed to prepare them, which were in substance but not in the manner of executing them independent wholly upon the Governor consenting to.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1663. Thence to see my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who I found very merry and every day better and better.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1664. Up very betimes to my office, and thence at 7 o'clock to Sir G. Carteret (age 54), and there with Sir J. Minnes (age 65) made an end of his accounts, but staid not dinner, my Lady having made us drink our morning draft there of several wines, but I drank: nothing but some of her coffee, which was poorly made, with a little sugar in it.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1665. Up, and to my Lord Ashly (age 43), but did nothing, and to Sir Ph. Warwicke (age 55) and spoke with him about business, and so back to the office, where all the morning.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1666. Thence home and eat one mouthful, and so to Hales's (age 66), and there sat till almost quite darke upon working my gowne, which I hired to be drawn in; an Indian gowne, and I do see all the reason to expect a most excellent picture of it.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1667. At noon home to dinner, and thence with my wife's knowledge and leave did by coach go see the silly play of my Lady Newcastle's (age 44), called "The Humourous Lovers"; the most silly thing that ever come upon a stage. I was sick to see it, but yet would not but have seen it, that I might the better understand her. Here I spied Knipp and Betty, of the King's house, and sent Knipp oranges, but, having little money about me, did not offer to carry them abroad, which otherwise I had, I fear, been tempted to. So with Sir W. Pen (age 45) home (he being at the play also), a most summer evening, and to my office, where, among other things, a most extraordinary letter to the Duke of York (age 33) touching the want of money and the sad state of the King's service thereby, and so to supper and to bed.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1668. Up betimes, and so to the office, there to do business till about to o'clock, and then out with my wife and Deb. and W. Hewer (age 26) by coach to Common-garden Coffee-house, where by appointment I was to meet Harris (age 34); which I did, and also Mr. Cooper, the great painter, and Mr. Hales (age 68): and thence presently to Mr. Cooper's house, to see some of his work, which is all in little, but so excellent as, though I must confess I do think the colouring of the flesh to be a little forced, yet the painting is so extraordinary, as I do never expect to see the like again. Here I did see Mrs. Stewart's (age 20) picture as when a young maid, and now just done before her having the smallpox: and it would make a man weep to see what she was then, and what she is like to be, by people's discourse, now. Here I saw my Lord Generall's picture, and my Lord Arlington (age 50) and Ashly's, and several others; but among the rest one Swinfen, that was Secretary to my Lord Manchester (age 66), Lord Chamberlain, with Cooling, done so admirably as I never saw any thing: but the misery was, this fellow died in debt, and never paid Cooper (age 59) for his picture; but, it being seized on by his creditors, among his other goods, after his death, Cooper (age 59) himself says that he did buy it, and give £25 out of his purse for it, for what he was to have had but £30. Being infinitely satisfied with this sight, and resolving that my wife shall be drawn by him when she comes out of the country, I away with Harris (age 34) and Hales to the Coffee-house, sending my people away, and there resolve for Hales to begin Harris's (age 34) head for me, which I will be at the cost of.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Mar 1669. Up, and to Sir W. Coventry (age 41), to see and discourse with him; and he tells me that he hath lately been with my Lord Keeper, and had much discourse about the Navy; and particularly he tells me that he finds they are divided touching me and my Lord Brouncker (age 49); some are for removing; and some for keeping us. He told my Lord Keeper that it would cost the King (age 38) £10,000 before he hath made another as fit to serve him in the Navy as I am; which, though I believe it is true, yet I am much pleased to have that character given me by W. Coventry (age 41), whatever be the success of it. But I perceive they do think that I know too much, and shall impose upon whomever shall come next, and therefore must be removed, though he tells me that Sir T. Clifford (age 38) is inclined well enough to me, and Sir T. Osborne (age 37); by what I have lately done, I suppose. This news do a little trouble me, but yet, when I consider it, it is but what I ought not to be much troubled for, considering my incapacity, in regard to my eyes, to continue long at this work, and this when I think of and talk with my wife do make me the less troubled for it. After some talk of the business of the navy more with him, I away and to the Office, where all the morning; and Sir W. Pen (age 47), the first time that he hath been here since his being last sick, which, I think, is two or three months; and I think will be the last that he will be here as one of the Board, he now inviting us all to dine with him, as a parting dinner, on Thursday next, which I am glad of, I am sure; for he is a very villain.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1673. At the sermon coram Rege, preached by Dr. Sparrow (age 61), Bishop of Exeter, to a most crowded auditory; I stayed to see whether, according to custom, the Duke of York (age 39) received the Communion with the King (age 42); but he did not, to the amazement of everybody. This being the second year he had forborne, and put it off, and within a day of the Parliament sitting, who had lately made so severe an Act against the increase of Popery, gave exceeding grief and scandal to the whole nation, that the heir of it, and the son of a martyr for the Protestant religion, should apostatize. What the consequence of this will be, God only knows, and wise men dread.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1676. Dining with my Lady Sunderland (age 30), I saw a fellow swallow a knife, and divers great pebble stones, which would make a plain rattling one against another. The knife was in a sheath of horn.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1676. Dr. North (age 30), son of my Lord North (age 74), preached before the King (age 45), on Isaiah liii. 57, a very young but learned and excellent person. Note. This was the first time the Duke (age 42) appeared no more in chapel, to the infinite grief and threatened ruin of this poor nation.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1684. Easter day. The Bp. of Rochester [Dr. Turner] (age 46) preach'd before, the King (age 53) after which his Ma*, accompanied with three of his natural sonns, the Dukes of Northumberland (age 18), Richmond, and St. Alban's (age 13) (sons of Portsmouth (age 34), Cleaveland (age 43), and Nelly (age 34)), went up to the Altar; ye three boyes entering before the King (age 53) within the railes, at the right hand, and three Bishops on the left, viz. London (age 52) (who officiated), Durham (age 51), and Rochester (age 46), with the Sub-dean Dr. Holder. the King (age 53) kneeling before the Altar, zaking his offering, the Bishop first receiv'd, and then his Ma* after which he retir'd to a canopied seate on the right hand. Note, there was perfume burnt before the Office began. I had receiv'd ye Sacrament at Whitehall early with the Lords and Household, ye Bp. of London officiating. Then went to St. Martin's [Map], where Dr. Tenison (age 47) preach'd (recover'd from yc small-pox); then went againe to Whitehall as above. In the afternoone went to St. Martin's againe.

Roger Whitley's Diary. 30 Mar 1690. I went to church after noone; a stranger preached; after sermon I went with the Sheriffe, his brother & Traverse to the Greyhound, stayd there an houer; about 7, Morgan came from London.

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant addressed to the Attorney General to prepare a bill for re-granting and confirming to the mayor and commonalty of Colchester their lands and ancient privileges, as granted to them by the charter passed in 15 Charles II.; also for granting to the said corporation a market to be held once a fortnight and a fair once a year on the 13th July. Memorandum that another warrant to the same effect was signed by the Queen on the 13th of April. [H.0. Warrant Book 6, p. 589.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant addressed to Sir Henry Goodrick, to cause a train of brass ordnance, with all necessary equipage, etc., to be provided for the service in Flanders. [H.O. Military Entry Book 2, p. 351.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Dublin. Viscount Sydney to the Earl of Nottingham. I have received your letter of the 18th, and have obeyed the King's commands in proroguing the parliament to the 6th of June. His other commands shall be likewise observed as soon as possible. If you sent me any letters, either on the 21st or 23rd, I think you will have to repeat them, for it is believed that the packet boat is lost; the greatest storm known for many years has been raging this last week. [S.P. Ireland 355, No. 28.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to prepare a bill for a grant to John, Lord Cutts, of the office of captain and governor of the Isle of Wight in the place of Sir Robert Holmes, knt., deceased. [Ibid., p. 541.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. London. Memorial by Mons. Bonet, chargé d' affaires of the Hlector of Brandenburg, for the release of two ships belonging to the Brandenburg Company, viz.,l' Africain, Captain Michel Chalopin,and Le Chur Prince, Captain Théophile Thomas, returning with cargoes of sugar, &c., from St. Thomas, and seized on coming to anchor in Plymouth Roads by John Michel, commanding the Rook frigate. [Ibid. 6, No. 5a.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Sir Charles Hedges to [the Earl of Nottingham], transmitting the cases of the six Swedish ships. [H.O. Admiralty 2, p. 659.] Enclosing:—

(i.) Note of the cases of the six Swedish ships. (1) The Whale, laden, with oak planks from Gothenburg to St. Malo taken by the Crown frigate, Captain Warren. (2) The Maria. (8) The Orange-tree, ordered to be restored to David Amta of Gottenburg. (4) The Wrestling Jacob laden with tar and iron for some French port. (5) The Vineyard laden with clapboards and pipe staves from Bordeaux. (6) The Margaret, Andreas Humble, master, pretending to be bound to St. Sebastian's with coal and wheat. [Ibid., p. 655.]

(ii.) The voluntary deposition of John Garrette, skipper of the ship Whale of Stockholm, Jacob Johnson, mate of the said ship, and Pedry Backoft, merchant, taken at Portsmouth, 17 March, 1692-8, before Lewis Barton, gent., deputy mayor of the said borough, with regard to the cargo's destination and capture of the Whale. [Ibid., p. 663.]

(iii.) Note on the case of the ship Maria; Jacob Kanier and John paca shippers of goods thereon, claim their said goods. [Ibid., p. 667.]

(iv.) Johan Kohlar to Count Oxenstiern; London, 23 March 1692-8, touching the release of the ship Orange-tree, bound from Gottenburg to Oporto, captured by the Adventure, Captain Lake. [Ibid., p. 671.]

(v.) Hinrich Moller, master of the ship Wrestling Jacob, to [the same]; not dated. His ship was bound from Stockholm to Rochelle, and was taken by the Experiment, Captain John Giles. He begs for a discharge.][Ibid., p. 675.]

(vi.) Jurgen Berens [?] to the same, not dated, praying for a discharge of lus ship the Vineyard. [Ibid., p. 679.] 7

(vii.) Andreas Humble to the same, not dated. His ship, the St. Margaret, sailed from Stockholm to Dundee, and was captured on her way from Scotland to St. Sebastian. He begs assistance in obtaining release. [Ibid., p. 683.]

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Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Spithead. Sir George Rooke to [J. Sotherne]. On receiving their lordships' orders for sending ten ships with the Virginia fleet 30 leagues beyond Scilly, [ appointed six English ships, and Rear-admiral Van der Goes named four Dutch ships for that service. In consequence of the later order forbidding any of the Straits squadron to be employed I applied to Vice-admiral Collenburg for four others in their stead; but he seems scrupulous to allow them to proceed without the King's direction therein. I hope I shall prevail with him to let them go. The Rear-admiral's willingness to comply in this matter was from directions he lately had from the King to follow my orders. [H.O. Admiralty 4, p. 400.]

Calendars. 30 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Passes for Dirck Mulder to go to Harwich and Holland; for Moses Arary, ditto; for Captain Philip de Plato, ditto; for Matthew Bergstadt, ditto [S.P. Dom. Warrant Book 37, p. 11]; for Dirck Duyvendyck, ditto; and for Eggert Menchen, ditto [Ibid., p. 12].

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1694. I went to the Duke of Norfolk (age 39), to desire him to make cousin Evelyn of Nutfield (age 52) one of the Deputy-Lieutenants of Surrey, and entreat him to dismiss my brother (age 76), now unable to serve by reason of age and infirmity. The Duke (age 39) granted the one, but would not suffer my brother (age 76) to resign his commission, desiring he should keep the honor of it during his life, though he could not act. He professed great kindness to our family.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1699. The Duke of Devon (age 59) lost £1,900 at a horse race at Newmarket, Suffolk.

Evelyn's Diary. 30 Mar 1699. The King (age 48) preferring his young favorite Earl of Albemarle (age 29) to be first Commander of his Guard, the Duke of Ormond (age 33) laid down his commission. This of the Dutch Lord (age 29) passing over his head, was exceedingly resented by everybody.

After 30 Mar 1775. Monument to William Irby 1st Baron Boston (deceased) at St Nicholas Church, Whiston [Map] sculpted by Joseph Nollekens (age 37).

On 30 Mar 1782 Georgiana Augusta Frederica Seymour was born to King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 19) and Grace Elliott. Alternatively she may have been the daughter of George Cholmondeley 1st Marquess Cholmondeley (age 32); both men claimed paternity. Paternity was also claimed by Charles William Wyndham (age 21) among others.

On 30 Mar 1803 Aglae de Polignac "Guichette" Duchess Gramont (age 34) died in a house fire at her home in Edinburgh [Map].

On 30 Mar 1806 Georgiana Spencer Duchess Devonshire (age 48) died at Devonshire House [Map]. She was buried at Derby Cathedral [Map].

The London Gazette 19842. Whitehall, March 30, 1840.

The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Duchess of the United Kingdom of Great Britaip and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Lady Cecilia Letitia Underwood (age 55) (eldest surviving daughter of Arthur Saunders, second Earl of Arran, by Elizabeth, his third wife, daughter of Richard Underwood, late of the city of Dublin,Esq.), and the heirs male of her body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Duchess of Inverness.

Before 30 Mar 1842 Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun (age 86). Portrait of Corisande Armandine Sophie Léonie Hélène Gramont Countess Tankerville (age 59).

Corisande Armandine Sophie Léonie Hélène Gramont Countess Tankerville: On 05 Oct 1782 she was born to Antoine 8th Duke Gramont and Aglae de Polignac "Guichette" Duchess Gramont. On 28 Jul 1806 Charles Augustus Bennet 5th Earl Tankerville and she were married at Devonshire House. She the daughter of Antoine 8th Duke Gramont and Aglae de Polignac "Guichette" Duchess Gramont. He the son of Charles Bennet 4th Earl Tankerville and Emma Colebrooke Countess Tankerville. On 10 Dec 1822 Charles Bennet 4th Earl Tankerville died. His son Charles Augustus Bennet 5th Earl Tankerville succeeded 5th Earl Tankerville, 6th Baron Ossulston of Ossulston in Middlesex. She by marriage Countess Tankerville. On 23 Jan 1865 she died.

Before 30 Mar 1842 Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun (age 86). Self-Portrait.

Sharp Lowe. March 30th. - Another barrow about a mile from the preceding, and very much resembling it in every respect but the height, was opened: it was about four feet in elevation at the thickest part, and appeared perfect and undisturbed; yet by digging it proved the contrary, as the bones of two skeletons were found in a heap upon the level of the ground, lower than which no one had penetrated since the mound was formed. Around the bones were many fragments of iron which had been broken and left as worthless by former excavators, they appear to have been principally nails or rivets, and buckles; one piece of larger size is evidently part of a flat ring or disk, which has been riveted upon wood, the grain being very visible on one side. - These have probably been the metal fittings of a shield.

About the centre of the barrow were two large limestones, covering an oval cist, sunk down about three feet through the easily removed upper beds of the limestone rock; in which depository were calcined bones, forming the original interment; with them was a very neatly ornamented food vase, which, owing to the grave being full of large stones, had long been crushed - it is now repaired, all the pieces having been carefully gathered up - there was also a piece of stag's horn inside the grave, but no implements or weapons whatever.

30 Mar 1848, Saturday. Marylebone. – Extraordinary Charge Of Indecent Assault Against The Earl Of Kingston (age 51). – Yesterday, amongst the charges brought up by Inspector Tedman from the Marylebone-lane Station-house (D division) was one of a very extraordinary and serious nature, preferred against no less a personage than Robert King, Earl of Kingston, 35, Alpha-road, Regent's Park, and of Mickelstown Castle, county Cork, for having indecently assaulted a young man named Cull, with intent to commit an unnatural offence. – The accused, when brought in, was placed at the bar; he was attired in black, and appeared to be about sixty years of age. He was asked if he had any witnesses, and the answer he made was, "No, I have none; I deny it all." – Mr. Long remarked that as the case was one of misdemeanour, the defendant was at liberty to leave the situation in which he was placed, and stand in front of the bar, which he did. A gentleman, said to be a Member of the House of Commons, sat close to him during the proceedings, pending which he more than once addressed Sir James Hamilton, who attended to be sworn in as a special constable, and who sat near the worthy magistrate. The noble defendant seemed by no means ill at ease, although he was locked up all night at the station, and had not provided himself with the assistance of his own private solicitor. Mr. Justins, from the firm of Maples, Stevens, and Co., Old Jewry, happened, however, to be sitting at the attorneys' table owing to an engagement which he had respecting a railway robbery, and he was upon the instant specially engaged to conduct the case for his Lordship.

30 Mar 1851. Census. 5 Propsect Place.

William Holman Hunt (age 23). 22. Historical Painter.

30 Mar 1851. Census. Fishtoft, Boston.

Keomi aka Keytumas Gray (age 10). Aged 2.

On 30 Mar 1863 George I King Greece (age 17) succeeded I King Greece.

On 12 Jan 1884 Robert Nicholas Hamond (age 74) died. On 01 Mar 1893 his wife Sophia Caroline Musters (age 71) died.

On 13 Dec 1869 Anthony Hamond (age 65) died. On 31 Jan 1900 his wife Mary Anne Musters (age 77) died.

On 30 Mar 1895 Anthony Hamond (age 61) died.

Memorials in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map].

The London Gazette 26001. BENGAL STAFF CORPS. To be Lieutenants.

30 Mar 1888. Lieutenant Vere Bonamy Fane (age 24), from the Manchester Regiment. Dated 30th March, 1888, but to rank from 12th November, 1884.

On 30 Mar 1895 Arthur Gore 6th Earl of Arran (age 26) was commissioned a Captain in the Royal Horse Guards.

On 20 Aug 1914 Reverend Edmund Thomas Daubeney (age 74) died. On 30 Mar 1926 Mary Castle (age 86) died. They were buried in churchyard of Church of St George, South Acre [Map].

Reverend Edmund Thomas Daubeney: On 14 Jul 1840 he was born to Edmund Joseph Daubeney. Before 20 Aug 1914 he and Mary Castle were married.

Mary Castle: Around 1840 she was born.

On 30 Mar 1917 Captain Lawrence Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth (age 29) was killed in action at Vimy Ridge. He was buried at the Villers Station Cemetery, CWGC Cemetery/Memorial, Villers Au Bois, France.

On 30 Mar 1918 Lieutentant Edward Wodehouse (age 19) was killed in action.

On 30 Mar 1945 Major Thomas Mitford (age 36) was killed in action.

Births on the 30th March

On 30 Mar 1562 Cardinal Charles Bourbon Conti was born to Louis Bourbon Prince Condé (age 31) and Eléanor de Roucy de Roye Princess Condé (age 27).

On or before 30 Mar 1689, the date she was baptised, Elizabeth Widdrington was born to William Widdrington 3rd Baron Widdrington (age 33) and Alathea Fairfax Baroness Widdrington.

On 30 Mar 1691 Charles Hamilton Comte d'Arran was born illegitimately to James Hamilton Duke Hamilton, 1st Duke Brandon (age 32) and Barbara Fitzroy (age 18) at Cleveland Row. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Mar 1746 Francisco Goya was born.

On 25 or 30 Mar 1750 Jane Tollemache was born to Lionel Tollemache 4th Earl Dysart (age 41) and Grace Carteret Countess Dysart (age 36).

On 30 Mar 1750 John Tollemache was born to Lionel Tollemache 4th Earl Dysart (age 41) and Grace Carteret Countess Dysart (age 36).

On 30 Mar 1763 George Markham was born to Archbishop William Markham (age 44).

On 30 Mar 1773 John Hayford Thorold 10th Baronet was born to John Thorold 9th Baronet (age 38) and Jane Hayford Lady Thorold.

On 30 Mar 1782 Georgiana Augusta Frederica Seymour was born to King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 19) and Grace Elliott. Alternatively she may have been the daughter of George Cholmondeley 1st Marquess Cholmondeley (age 32); both men claimed paternity. Paternity was also claimed by Charles William Wyndham (age 21) among others.

On 30 Mar 1785 Henry Hardinge 1st Viscount Hardinge was born.

On 30 Mar 1791 Mary Beauclerk Countess Coventry was born to Aubrey Beauclerk 6th Duke St Albans (age 25) and Jane Moses (age 23). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Mar 1805 Henrietta Laura Wodehouse was born to John Wodehouse 2nd Baron Wodehouse (age 34) and Charlotte Norris Baroness Woodhouse.

On or before 30 Mar 1845 Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark was born.

On 30 Mar 1859 Almeric Edmund Frederic Rich 5th Baronet was born to Frederick Dampier Rich (age 41) and Jacinthia Catherine Hesketh Lethbridge (age 39). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 30 Mar 1864 Hermione Wilhelmina Duncombe Duchess Leinster was born to William Duncombe 1st Earl Feversham (age 35) and Mabel Violet Graham Countess Feversham (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 1.57%.

On 30 Mar 1886 Irene Lubbock was born to John Lubbock 1st Baron Avebury (age 51) and Alice Lane Fox-Pitt Baroness Avebury (age 24)

On 30 Mar 1901 Serena Lumley was born to Aldred Beresford Lumley 10th Earl Scarborough (age 43) and Lucy Cecilia Dunn-Garnder Countess Scarborough.

On 30 Mar 1908 Anne Hicks-Beach Baroness Leigh was born to Ellis Hicks-Beach (age 33).

On 30 Mar 1921 Elizabeth Sutherland 24th Countess of Sutherland was born to Alastair Sutherland-Leveson-Gower (age 31) and Elizabeth Demarest (age 28). Her father died a month later.

On 30 Mar 1962 Andrew Ian Henry Russell 15th Duke Bedford was born to Henry Robin Ian Russell 14th Duke Bedford (age 22) and Henrietta Joan Tiarks Duchess Bedford.

On 30 Mar 1965 Aeneid Book 8 Lines was born to Garret Wellesley 7th Earl Cowley (age 30).

Marriages on the 30th March

Before 30 Mar 987 Arnulf II Count Flanders (age 27) and Rozala of Italy (age 37) were married. She by marriage Countess Flanders. He the son of Baldwin III Count Flanders and Matilda Billung Countess Flanders (age 47).

Before 30 Mar 1699 William Whitmore 2nd Baronet (age 61) and Mary Harvey Lady Whitmore were married. She by marriage Lady Whitmore of Apley.

On 30 Mar 1751 Henry Herbert 1st Earl Powis (age 47) and Barbara Herbert Countess Powis (age 15) were married. She by marriage Countess Powis. The difference in their ages was 32 years. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Mar 1761 Richard Henry Bedingfield 4th Baronet (age 40) and Mary Browne (age 39) were married. They were half fourth cousins.

On 30 Mar 1761 Thomas Woods Knollys 7th Earl Banbury (age 33) and Mary Porter (age 18) were married at St Thomas Church, Winchester. He the son of Charles Knollys 5th Earl Banbury (age 58) and Martha Hughes (age 57).

On 30 Mar 1799 James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie 1st Baron Wharncliffe (age 22) and Elizabeth Caroline Mary Crichton Baroness Wharncliffe were married. She the daughter of John Crichton 1st Earl Erne (age 68) and Mary Caroline Hervey Countess Erne (age 46).

On 30 Mar 1844 William Frederick Pollock 2nd Baronet (age 28) and Juliet Creed were married.

On 30 Mar 1909 Guy Larnach Neville 4th Marquess Abergavenny (age 25) and Isabel "Nellie" Larnach Marchioness Abergavenny (age 18) were married.

After 30 Mar 1929 Captain Edward Pleydell-Bouverie (age 29) and Alice Pearl Crake Baroness Montagu (age 34) were married. He the son of Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie 6th Earl Radnor (age 60) and Julian Eleanor Adelaide Balfour.

On 30 Mar 1978 Edward Charles Fitzroy 7th Baron Southampton (age 22) and Rachel Caroline Vincent Millett Baroness Southampton were married. She by marriage Baroness Southampton.

Deaths on the 30th March

On 30 Mar 987 Arnulf II Count Flanders (age 27) died. His son Baldwin "Bearded" IV Count Flanders (age 7) succeeded IV Count Flanders.

On 30 Mar 1296 Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford (age 21) captured Berwick on Tweed [Map] from William "Hardy" Douglas 2nd Lord Douglas (age 56). Richard Cornwall (age 44) was killed during the course of the siege.'When the town had been taken in this way and its citizens had submitted, Edward spared no one, whatever the age or sex, and for two days streams of blood flowed from the bodies of the slain, for in his tyrannous rage he ordered 7,500 souls of both sexes to be massacred. So that mills could be turned by the flow of their blood.' - Account of the Massacre of Berwick, from Bower's Scotichronicon.

On 30 Mar 1465 Isabella Clermont Queen Consort Naples (age 41) died.

On 30 Mar 1472 Amadeus "Happy" Savoy IX Duke Savoy (age 37) died. His brother Philip "Landless" Savoy II Duke Savoy (age 34) succeeded II Duke Savoy.

On 30 Mar 1486 Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 68) died at Knole House, Sevenoaks. He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral [Map].

On 30 Mar 1543 Andrew Windsor 1st Baron Windsor (age 76) died. On 30 Mar 1543 His son William Windsor 2nd Baron Windsor (age 44) succeeded 2nd Baron Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire. Margaret Sambourne Baroness Windsor (age 42) by marriage Baroness Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire.

On 30 Mar 1610 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle (age 74) died. On 14 May 1635 Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton (deceased) was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle: In 1536 he was born to Edward Gorges and Mary Poyntz in Wraxall, Somerset. In 1573 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle acquired the manor of Longford, Wiltshire which had been owned by the Servington aka Cervington family. In 1576 after his marriage to Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton they commissioned the building of a house on the triangular Swedish style on the banks of the Wiltshire River Avon with money from a shipwreck of the Spanish Armada. In 1576 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle and Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton were married secretly. In 1586 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle was knighted at Beddington, Surrey.

On 30 Mar 1636 Dorothy Devereux Lady Shirley (age 36) died.

On 30 Mar 1673 John Tyrrell 1st Baronet (age 38) died. His son Charles Tyrrell 2nd Baronet (age 13) succeeded 2nd Baronet Tyrrell of Springfield.

On 30 Mar 1699 William Whitmore 2nd Baronet (age 61) died without issue. Baronet Whitmore of Apley extinct.

On 30 Mar 1721 Robert Eden 1st Baronet died. His son John Eden 2nd Baronet (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baronet Eden of West Auckland.

On 30 Mar 1746 William Gordon 2nd Earl Aberdeen (age 67) died. His son George Gordon 3rd Earl Aberdeen (age 23) succeeded 3rd Earl Aberdeen. Catherine Elizabeth Hanson Couness Aberdeen (age 16) by marriage Countess Aberdeen.

On 30 Mar 1775 William Irby 1st Baron Boston (age 68) died. His son Frederick Irby 2nd Baron Boston (age 25) succeeded 2nd Baron Boston, 3rd Baronet Irby of Whaplode and Boston.

On 30 Mar 1795 Lewis Watson 1st Baron Sondes (age 66) died. His son Lewis Watson 2nd Baron Sondes (age 40) succeeded 2nd Baron Sondes.

On 30 Mar 1803 Aglae de Polignac "Guichette" Duchess Gramont (age 34) died in a house fire at her home in Edinburgh [Map].

On 30 Mar 1806 Georgiana Spencer Duchess Devonshire (age 48) died at Devonshire House [Map]. She was buried at Derby Cathedral [Map].

On 30 Mar 1819 Walter Farquhar 1st Baronet (age 80) died. He was buried at St Martin in the Fields [Map]. His son Thomas Harvie Farquhar 2nd Baronet (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baronet Farquhar of Cadogan House.

On 30 Mar 1842 Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun (age 86) died in Paris [Map].

On 30 Mar 1868 Frederick Richard Say (age 63) died.

On 30 Mar 1879 Penelope Smyth Baroness Tenterden (age 39) died.

On 30 Mar 1894 Nelson Rycroft 4th Baronet (age 63) died. His son Richard Nelson Rycroft 5th Baronet (age 34) succeeded 5th Baronet Rycroft of Calton in Yorkshire.

On 30 Mar 1903 Joseph John Elliott (age 67) died

On 30 Mar 1913 Julia Frances Somerville Lady Blackett (age 69) died.

On 30 Mar 1935 Georgina Harriet Deffell Lady Pollock died.

On 30 Mar 1942 Mabel Addington Lady Orr-Ewing died.

On 30 Mar 1954 Guy Larnach Neville 4th Marquess Abergavenny (age 70) died. His son John Henry Guy Neville 5th Marquess Abergavenny (age 39) succeeded 5th Marquess Abergavenny, 9th Earl Abergavenny, 9th Viscount Neville, 5th Earl Lewes, 25th Baron Bergavenny, 23rd Baron Bergavenny. Mary Patricia Harrison Marchioness Abergavenny (age 38) by marriage Marchioness Abergavenny.

On 30 Mar 1955 Reverend Aubrey Neville St John-Mildmay 10th Baronet (age 90) died. Verus Arundell Maunder St John-Mildmay (age 49) de jure Baronet St John-Mildmay of Farley in Southampton. It appears he never claimed the title.