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The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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John Roebuck 1861-

Around 1861 John Roebuck was born.

On 14th January 1890 John Roebuck [aged 29] and Emma Marsh [aged 29] were married.

5th April 1891. Census. Bank Vale, Hayfield [Map]

John Roebuck [aged 30]. Head. 37. Married. Labourer Paper Mill. Born Chapel-en-le-Frith.

[his wife] Emma Roebuck [aged 30]. Wife. Married. 30. Born Thornsett.

On 23rd September 1896 Albert Roebuck was born to John Roebuck [aged 35] and [his wife] Emma Marsh [aged 35].

In 1899 John Roebuck [aged 38] and Anne m Roebuck [aged 28] were married. His first wife Emma Marsh [aged 38], who he married on 14th January 1890, appears to have died before 1899. In the Census of 1911 it is stated they, John and Anne, have been married twelve years which suggests they were married in 1899? Which would suggest his children Mary Emma, John William and Albert Roebuck [aged 2] were born to Emma Marsh.

31st March 1901. Census. Bank Vale, Hayfield [Map].

John Roebuck [aged 40]. Head. 40. Married. Labourer at Paper Mills. Born Chapel-en-le-Frith.

[his wife] Anne Roebuck [aged 30]. Wife. 30. Married. Born Barnsley, Yorkshire.

Albert Roebuck [aged 4]. Son. 5.

2nd April 1911. Census. Bank Vale, Hayfield [Map].

John Roebuck [aged 50]. Head. 50. Married. Labourer.

[his wife] Anne Roebuck [aged 40]. Wife. 34. Married. [Note. Age of 34? Possibly 40?]

Albert Roebuck [aged 14]. Son. 14.