COI 25% and Higher is in Coefficient of Inbreeding.
COI 25% and Higher. An individual who is the child of brother and sister, or father and daughter, or mother and son, or equivalent to.
The best known case of individuals with a COI higher than 25 is the five children of Philip IV King Spain and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain who had a COI of 25.39% going back ten generations with fifty-three common ancestors (see study undertaken by the University of Santiago de Compostela in Jan 2010). Taking their ancestry back further to eighteen generations they have a COI of 25.89% with two hundred and sixty four common ancestors.
Of the five children one died after 14 days, one died aged nearly four years old, one died aged nine months. Two, King Charles "Bewitched" II of Spain and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress, grew to adulthood.
Only one had children, Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress, who married her uncle and cousin Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor. They had four children of which one died the day they were born, one died after fourteen days, one died aged three months and one, Maria Antonia of Austria, who had a COI of 30.98 died aged nearly twenty-three years having given birth to three children two of whom died at birth and one died aged seven years.
On 20th February 1670 Johann Leopold Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 29] and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress [aged 18]. He died the same day. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
On 18th January 1669 Maria Antonia of Austria was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 28] and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress [aged 17]. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%. She married 15th July 1685 her second cousin Maximilian Wittelsbach II Elector Bavaria and had issue.
On 28th September 1667 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 27] and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress [aged 16]. On 13th January 1668 Ferdinand Wenzel Habsburg Spain died. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
On 9th February 1672 Maria Anna Antonia Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 31] and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress [aged 20]. She died on 23rd February 1672 aged two weeks. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
In 142BC Ptolemy IX Soter 142BC 81BC was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC [aged 42] and Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC [aged 18]. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%. He married (1) 119BC Cleopatra IV 138BC 112BC and had issue (2) 115BC Cleopatra Selene of Syria 135BC 130BC and had issue.
In 140BC or 139BC Ptolemy X Alexander I 140BC 88BC was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC [aged 44] and Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC [aged 20]. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%.
Tryphaena- was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC and Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%.
Around 138BC to 135BC Cleopatra IV 138BC 112BC was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC [aged 46] and Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC [aged 22]. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%. She married (1) 119BC Ptolemy IX Soter 142BC 81BC and had issue.
Around 135BC to 130BC Cleopatra Selene of Syria 135BC 130BC was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC [aged 49] and Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC [aged 25]. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%. She married 115BC Ptolemy IX Soter 142BC 81BC and had issue.
Around 160BC to 155BC Cleopatra III 160BC 101BC was born to Ptolemy VI 186BC 145BC [aged 25] and Cleopatra II 186BC 115BC [aged 26]. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%. She married 142BC her uncle Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC and had issue.
Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV 1393-1406
The Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV offers a vivid contemporary account of one of the most turbulent periods in late medieval England. Covering the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV, the chronicle records royal ceremonies, political conflict, rebellion, war, taxation, religious controversy, executions, popular unrest and remarkable portents. Its pages include a detailed description of Richard II’s coronation, the fall and deposition of the king, Henry IV’s seizure of the throne, the Percy rebellion, the execution of Archbishop Richard Scrope, the campaigns of Owain Glyndŵr, and England’s relations with Scotland, France, Portugal and Scandinavia. Alongside affairs of state, the annalist preserves reports of miracles, eclipses, prophecies, supernatural events and the experiences of ordinary townspeople, clergy, soldiers and travellers. Written from a monastic perspective, the work combines political observation with moral judgement, presenting victories and disasters as evidence of divine favour or punishment. At once a historical record and a reflection of medieval belief, the Annals provides an invaluable window into the challenges, ceremonies and conflicts of England at the turn of the fifteenth century.
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Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator was born to Ptolemy VIII Physcon 184BC 116BC and Cleopatra II 186BC 115BC. Coefficient of inbreeding 28.54%.
Anthony "Bastard" Armagnac was born illegitimately to Jean V Count Armagnac and Isabelle Armagnac. Coefficient of inbreeding 27.31%.
Rose Armagnac was born illegitimately to Jean V Count Armagnac and Isabelle Armagnac. Coefficient of inbreeding 27.31%.
John Armagnac was born illegitimately to Jean V Count Armagnac and Isabelle Armagnac. Coefficient of inbreeding 27.31%.
On 9th October 210BC Ptolemy V Epiphanes 210BC 180BC was born to Ptolemy IV Philopator 244BC 204BC [aged 34] and Arsinoe III 246BC 204BC [aged 36]. Coefficient of inbreeding 26.66%.
On 6th November 1661 King Charles "Bewitched" II of Spain was born to Philip IV King Spain [aged 56] and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 26]. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.39%.
The very high coefficient of inbreeding of 25.39% [25.89% if you go back more generations] a consequence of successive uncle-niece, or in one case, aunt-nephew, marriages.
The fifty-three common ancestors of his parents, and their contribution to his coefficient of inbreeding is as follows:
Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain: 6.25
Philip III King Spain: 6.25
Charles Habsburg Spain II Archduke Austria: 1.5625
Maria Anna Wittelsbach: 1.5625
Albert V Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria: 0.3906
Anna Habsburg Spain Duchess Bavaria: 0.3906
Charles V Holy Roman Emperor: 0.3906
Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain: 0.3906
Anne Jagiellon: 1.9531
Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor: 1.9531
Joanna "The Mad" Trastámara Queen Castile: 1.0498
Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile: 1.0498
Ferdinand II King Aragon: 0.3479
Isabella Queen Castile: 0.3479
Albert Wittelsbach III Duke Bavaria: 0.0061
Anna Brunswick Grubenhagen Duchess Bavaria: 0.0061
Eleanor Aviz Holy Roman Empress: 0.1007
Frederick "Peaceful or Fat" Habsburg III Holy Roman Emperor: 0.1007
John II King Aragon: 0.1068
Agnes Valois Duchess Bourbon: 0.0053
Charles Bourbon I Duke Bourbon: 0.0053
Cymburgis Masovia Duchess Austria: 0.0307
Edward "The Philosopher" I King Portugal: 0.0618
Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal: 0.0618
Ernest "The Iron" Habsburg I Duke Austria: 0.0307
Isabella of Braganza: 0.0572
Prince John Aviz Constable Portugal: 0.0572
Albert Habsburg IV Duke Austria: 0.0038
Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon: 0.1093
Ferdinand I King Aragon: 0.1093
Frederick II Duke Saxony: 0.0008
Joanna Sophia Wittelsbach Duchess Austria: 0.0038
John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy: 0.0174
John Bourbon I Duke Bourbon: 0.0027
King John I of Portugal: 0.2137
Margaret Wittelsbach Duchess Burgundy: 0.0174
Margaret of Austria: 0.0008
Marie Valois I Duchess Auverge: 0.0027
Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal: 0.1322
Albert Wittelsbach I Duke Lower Bavaria: 0.0119
Algirdas Grand Duke of Lithuania: 0.017
Archambaud Grailly Count Foix: 0.0061
Beatrice Regina della Scala: 0.0062
Bernabò Visconti: 0.0062
Charles Metz II Duke Lorraine: 0.0002
Eleanor Barcelona Queen Consort Castile: 0.0575
Isabelle Countess Foix: 0.0061
John I King Castile: 0.0575
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster: 0.0544
Margaret Dampierre Duchess Burgundy: 0.0032
Margaret of Silesia Duchesa Lowwer Bavaria: 0.0119
Philip "Bold" Valois II Duke Burgundy: 0.0032
Uliana of Tver: 0.017 He married (1) November 1679 his first cousin once removed Marie Louise Bourbon Queen Consort Spain, daughter of Philip Bourbon I Duke Orléans and Princess Henrietta Stewart Duchess Orléans (2) August 1689 his third cousin once removed Maria Anna Neuburg Queen Consort Spain.
On 12th July 1651 Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress was born to Philip IV King Spain [aged 46] and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 16]. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.39%. She married 1666 her uncle Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor, son of Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress, and had issue.
On 7th December 1655 Maria Ambrosia Habsburg Spain was born to Philip IV King Spain [aged 50] and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 20]. She died 14 days later. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.39%.
On 28th November 1657 Philip Prospero Habsburg Spain Prince Asturias was born to Philip IV King Spain [aged 52] and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 22]. He died four years later. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.39%.
On 23rd December 1658 Ferdinand Thomas Charles Habsburg Spain was born to Philip IV King Spain [aged 53] and Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 24]. He died ten months later. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.39%.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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Around 1630 Mary Cornwall Lady Reade was born to Gilbert Cornwall 13th Baron Burford [aged 32] and Anne Lyttelton Baroness Burford [aged 61]. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%. She married 1650 her half first cousin Compton Reade 1st Baronet and had issue.
Around 1341BC Tutankhamun 1341BC 1323BC was born to Akhenaten KV55 1336BC and The Younger Lady. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%.
Around 1636 William Jobson 2nd Baronet was born to Thomas Jobson [aged 36] and Mary Witham 1st Baronetess Bolles [aged 56] at Heath. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%. He married before 1666 Lucy Tindall Lady Jobson Lady Jackson and had issue.
In 1073 Isabel Montlhéry was born to Milo I "The Great" Montlhéry [aged 29] and Hodierna of Gometz. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%. She married before 1106 Thibaut Dampierre and had issue.
On 28th January 1618 James Ley 3rd Earl Marlborough was born to Henry Ley 2nd Earl of Marlborough [aged 22] and Mary Pettie. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%.
Henrietta Molesworth was born to Richard Molesworth 3rd Viscount Molesworth and Letitia Coote. Coefficient of inbreeding 25.00%. She married 1774 John Staples and had issue.