The History of King Richard the Third by Thomas More. When these lords [Note. William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 52), John Grey] with diverse others of both parties were come into his presence, the King (age 40), lifting up himself and propped up with pillows, as it is reported, after this fashion said unto them:

My lords, my dear kinsmen and allies, in what plight I lie, you see, and I feel. By which, the less while I expect to live with you, the more deeply am I moved to care in what case I leave you, for such as I leave you, such be my children like to find you. That if they should (God forbid) find you at variance, might by chance fall themselves at war before their discretion would serve to set you at peace. You see their youth, of which I reckon the only security to rest in your concord. For it suffices not that all you love them, if each of you hate the other. If they were men, your faithfulness by chance would suffice. But childhood must be maintained by men's authority, and slippery youth supported with elder counsel, which neither they can have unless you give it, nor can you give it if you do not agree. For where each labors to break what the other makes, and for hatred of each other's person impugns each other's counsel, it must needs be long before any good conclusion go forward. And also while either party labors to be chief, flattery shall have more place than plain and faithful advice, of which must needs ensue the evil bringing up of the Prince, whose mind in tender youth infected shall readily fall to mischief and riot, and draw down with this noble realm to ruin-unless grace turn him to wisdom, which if God send, then they who by evil means before pleased him best shall after fall furthest out of favor, so that ever at length evil plans drive to nothing and good plain ways prosper.

The History of King Richard the Third by Thomas More. King Edward of that name the Fourth (age 40), after he had lived fifty and three years, seven months, and six days, and thereof reigned two and twenty years, one month, and eight days, died at Westminster the ninth day of April, the year of our redemption, a thousand four hundred four score and three, leaving much fair issue, that is, Edward the Prince (age 12), thirteen years of age; Richard Duke of York (age 9), two years younger; Elizabeth (age 17), whose fortune and grace was after to be queen, wife unto King Henry the Seventh (age 26), and mother unto the Eighth; Cecily (age 14) not so fortunate as fair; Brigette (age 2), who, representing the virtue of her whose name she bore, professed and observed a religious life in Dertford [Map], a house of cloistered Nuns; Anne (age 7), who was after honorably married unto Thomas (age 10), then Lord Howard and after Earl of Surrey; and Katherine (age 3), who long time tossed in either fortune-sometime in wealth, often in adversity-at the last, if this be the last, for yet she lives, is by the goodness of her nephew, King Henry the Eighth, in very prosperous state, and worthy her birth and virtue.

Diary of Edward VI. 09 Apr 1550. Licencies signed for the whole counsel, and certaine of the privi chamber, to kepe amonge them 2290 (above is written 2340) retainers.³

Note 3. Other arrangements as to this matter of retainers occur in subsequent pages. One of the licences granted on the present occasion is printed in Rymer's collection, xv. 235. It is that given to the duke of Somerset, dated on the 5th of June, and allows him two hundred retainers beyond his household servants and the keepers of his parks, &c. Eot. Pat. 4 Edw. VI. p. 6, m. 15.

Diary of Edward VI. 09 Apr 1550. The hostiages delivered on both the sides, for the ratification of the league with Prannce and Scoteland, forbicaus som said to mon. Rochepot, lieutenant, that mon. de Guyse (age 53)¹, father to the marquis of Means (age 31), was ded, and therefor the delivery was put over a day.

Note 1. Claude duc of Guise (age 53) was dangerously ill: he died on the 12th of April.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 09 Apr 1561. The sam day was bered in Mylkstrett mastores Dock[wra?], with the clarkes of London, and she had vj skochyons of armes, and ther was geyffen for gownes to the pore men and women, and the byshope of Duram (age 41) dyd pryche ther.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1619. 09 Apr 1619. The 9th my Lord (age 30) went from Knole to London, the next day he went to Royston to the King, with whom he watched that night. My Lord of Warwick (age 31) and my Lord North (age 36) watched with him. The King used him very well so that my Lord (age 30) came not back till the 13th to London, there he stayed till I came up.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1661. Both the King (age 30) and the Duke of York (age 27) took notice of us, as he saw us at the window. The show being ended, Mr. Young did give us a dinner, at which we were very merry, and pleased above imagination at what we have seen. Sir W. Batten (age 60) going home, he and I called and drunk some mum¹ and laid our wager about my Lady Faulconbridge's name³, which he says not to be Mary, and so I won above 20s. So home, where Will and the boy staid and saw the show upon Towre Hill, and Jane at T. Pepys's, The. Turner (age 9), and my wife at Charles Glassecocke's, in Fleet Street. In the evening by water to White Hall to my Lord's, and there I spoke with my Lord. He talked with me about his suit, which was made in France, and cost him £200, and very rich it is with embroidery. I lay with Mr. Shepley, and CORONACION DAY.

Note 1. Mum. Ale brewed with wheat at Brunswick. "Sedulous and stout With bowls of fattening mum". J. Phillips, Cyder, Vol. ii. p. 231.

Note 2. Mary (age 24), third daughter of Oliver Cromwell, and second wife of Thomas Bellasis (age 62), second Viscount Fauconberg, created Earl of Fauconberg, April 9th, 1689.

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1662. Sir George Carteret (age 52), Sir Williams both and myself all the morning at the office passing the Victualler's accounts, and at noon to dinner at the Dolphin, where a good chine of beef and other good cheer. At dinner Sir George showed me an account in French of the great famine, which is to the greatest extremity in some part of France at this day, which is very strange¹.

Note 1. On the 5th of June following, Louis, notwithstanding the scarcity, gave that splendid carousal in the court before the Tuileries, from which the place has ever since taken its name. B.

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1667. Up. and to the office a while, none of my fellow officers coming to sit, it being holiday, and so towards noon I to the Exchange [Map], and there do hear mighty cries for peace, and that otherwise we shall be undone; and yet I do suspect the badness of the peace we shall make. Several do complain of abundance of land flung up by tenants out of their hands for want of ability to pay their rents; and by name, that the Duke of Buckingham (age 39) hath £6000 so flung up. And my father writes, that Jasper Trice, upon this pretence of his tenants' dealing with him, is broke up housekeeping, and gone to board with his brother, Naylor, at Offord; which is very sad.

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1667. So home to dinner, and after dinner I took coach and to the King's house, and by and by comes after me my wife with W. Hewer (age 25) and his mother and Barker, and there we saw "The Tameing of a Shrew", which hath some very good pieces in it, but generally is but a mean play; and the best part, "Sawny"¹, done by Lacy (age 52), hath not half its life, by reason of the words, I suppose, not being understood, at least by me.

Note 1. This play was entitled "Sawney the Scot, or the Taming of a Shrew", and consisted of an alteration of Shakespeare's play by John Lacy (age 52). Although it had long been popular it was not printed until 1698. In the old "Taming of a Shrew" (1594), reprinted by Thomas Amyot for the Shakespeare Society in 1844, the hero's servant is named Sander, and this seems to have given the hint to Lacy (age 52), when altering Shakespeare's "Taming of the Shrew", to foist a 'Scotsman into the action. Sawney was one of Lacy's (age 52) favourite characters, and occupies a prominent position in Michael Wright's (age 49) picture at Hampton Court [Map]. Evelyn, on October 3rd, 1662, "visited Mr. Wright, a Scotsman, who had liv'd long at Rome, and was esteem'd a good painter", and he singles out as his best picture, "Lacy (age 52), the famous Roscius, or comedian, whom he has painted in three dresses, as a gallant, a Presbyterian minister, and a Scotch Highlander in his plaid". Langbaine and Aubrey both make the mistake of ascribing the third figure to Teague in "The Committee"; and in spite of Evelyn's clear statement, his editor in a note follows them in their blunder. Planche has reproduced the picture in his "History of Costume" (Vol. ii., p. 243).

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1668. Up, and to the office, where all the morning sitting, then at noon home to dinner with my people, and so to the office again writing of my letters, and then abroad to my bookseller's, and up and down to the Duke of York's playhouse, there to see, which I did, Sir W. Davenant's corpse carried out towards Westminster, there to be buried. Here were many coaches and six horses, and many hacknies, that made it look, methought, as if it were the buriall of a poor poet. He seemed to have many children, by five or six in the first mourning-coach, all boys. And there I left them coming forth, and I to the New Exchange, there to meet Mrs. Burroughs, and did take her in a carosse and carry elle towards the Park, kissing her..., but did not go into any house, but come back and set her down at White Hall, and did give her wrapt in paper for my Valentine's gift for the last year before this, which I never did yet give her anything for, twelve half-crowns, and so back home and there to my office, where come a packet from the Downes from my brother Balty (age 28), who, with Harman (age 43), is arrived there, of which this day come the first news. And now the Parliament will be satisfied, I suppose, about the business they have so long desired between Brouncker (age 48) and Harman (age 43) about not prosecuting the first victory. Balty (age 28) is very well, and I hope hath performed his work well, that I may get him into future employment. I wrote to him this night, and so home, and there to the perfecting my getting the scale of musique without book, which I have done to perfection backward and forward, and so to supper and to bed.

Evelyn's Diary. 09 Apr 1668. I heard Sir R. Howard (age 42) impeach Sir William Penn (age 46), in the House of Lords, for breaking bulk, and taking away rich goods out of the East India prizes, formerly taken by Lord Sandwich (age 42).

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1669. Thence out, and slipped out by water to Westminster Hall [Map] and there thought to have spoke with Mrs. Martin, but she was not there, nor at home. So back again, and with W. Hewer (age 27) by coach home and to dinner, and then to the office, and out again with W. Hewer (age 27) to the Excise-Office, and to several places; among others, to Mr. Faythorne's (age 53), to have seen an instrument which he was said to have, for drawing perspectives, but he had it not: but here I did see his work-house, and the best things of his doing he had by him, and so to other places among others to Westminster Hall [Map], and I took occasion to make a step to Mrs. Martin's, the first time I have been with her since her husband went last to sea, which is I think a year since.... But, Lord! to hear how sillily she tells the story of her sister Doll's being a widow and lately brought to bed; and her husband, one Rowland Powell, drowned, sea with her husband, but by chance dead at sea, cast When God knows she hath played the whore, and forced at this time after she was brought to bed, this story.

Pepy's Diary. 09 Apr 1669. Up, and by water to White Hall, end there, with the Board, attended the Duke of York (age 35), and Sir Thomas Allen (age 36) with us (who come to town yesterday); and it is resolved another fleete shall go to the Streights forthwith, and he command it. But his coming home is mighty hardly talked on by the merchants, for leaving their ships there to the mercy of the Turks: but of this more in my White-Booke.

Roger Whitley's Diary. 09 Apr 1690. Wednesday, Mr Thomas sent his man with a letter to borrow money; I sent him 2 guineys; one Grice, & another came about changing lifes in Bellis, his lease at Shordley; Harry Siddall brought me a fatt oxe from Sir William Aston; brought it home; the tenant: of Avanly came to desire my carte to carry some corne to Shotwick, Cheshire.

Calendars. 09 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Passes for Stephen Mauré to go to Harwich and Holland. [,S.P. Dom. Warrant Book 37, p. 18.]

Calendars. 09 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Mons. Bonet, charge d'affaires for Brandenburg, to sy Lbs two Brandenburg vessels seized in Plymouth Roads, and a third now expected, are warships with commissions direct from the Elector, as have all the naval and military officers on board; their crews are in proportion amounting to 170 men on the two ships. Both vessels entered the roads with colours flying, and saluted the castle, which returned their salute. They were therefore taken by the privateer whilst under the protection of their Majesties. Other ships belonging to the said company, taken under similar circumstances were released, viz., La Dorothée, arrested in 1690, by Captain Robinson, commanding the Samson, and Le Marechal Dorfling, retaken from the French in 1692-8, by Captain Whitaker, in command of the Dover. [H.O. Admiralty 6, No. 10.]

The Journal of the Reverend John Wesley 1755. 09 Apr 1755. Wed. 9. In the evening I preached at Manchester. The mob was tolerably quiet, as long as I was speaking, but immediately after, raged horribly. This I find has been their manner for some time. No wonder; since the good Justices encourage them.

Cansisk's Monumental Inscriptions Volume 1 St Pancras Old Church. St Pancras Old Church [Map]. Near this Monument are interred the remains of the Honb. Rowland Belasyse, Who departed this life Ap^l y^e 9^th 1768 aged 65. He was only Brother to the present Earl of Fauconberg (age 68). As also the remains of Lady Barbara Barnewall Second daughter of the above Earl. Reqidescant in pace.

History of Somerset: Stanton Drew. This part, though in itself immense, and occupying a large extent of ground, appears to be only the centre of the stupendous building. Doubtless there were many avenues to it, and Hautville's-coit seems to have served as part of a portal to one of them. There were also other outworks, one of which [Stanton Drew Cove [Map]], consisting of three prodigious stones, placed in a triangular form, still remains on a small eminence, in an orchard belonging to Mr. Fowler, southwest from the church. Two of these ftones are standing; the largest measuring ten feet in height, and six feet and a half in width; the one that is fallen is fourteen feet long, and eight feet wide.¹

Note 1. Notes taken April 9, 1789.

After 09 Apr 1789. St Oswald's Church, Ashbourne [Map]. Monument to Phoebe Hollins Lady Boothby and Brooke Boothby 5th Baronet (deceased) sculpted by Josuah Evans.

Phoebe Hollins Lady Boothby: On 04 Oct 1716 she was born to William Hollins. In 1742 Brooke Boothby 5th Baronet and she were married. On 05 May 1788 she died.

Greville Memoirs. 09 Apr 1832. Saw Lord Harrowby yesterday morning. He can't make up his mind what is best to be done, whether to go into Committee or not. He rather wishes to get through Schedule A, but he won't vote against the Tories if they divide on adjourning. Then went to Wood and told him there would be no difficulty about fifty-six. Lord Grey came in, and talked the whole thing over. He said he was ill—knocked up—that in his speech to-day he should be as moderate and tame as anybody could wish. From what Wood said, and he himself afterwards, I should think they wish to adjourn after the second reading, but to make a merit of it if they do. Duncannon, whom I saw afterwards, seemed to be of the same opinion, that it would be best not to sit in Passion Week. At night Wharncliffe (age 55) came back from Yorkshire. He is all for getting into Schedule A, and making no difficulties about fifty-six or anything else, and Harrowby, now that he fancies the Government want to adjourn, rather wants not, suspecting some trick. Upon going all over the list, we make out the worst to give a majority of six, and the best of eighteen, but the Tories still count upon getting back some of our people. We had a grand hunt after Lord Gambier's proxy; he sent it to Lord de Saumarez, who is laid up with the gout in Guernsey, and the difficulty was to get at Lord Gambier and procure another. At last I made Harrowby, who does not know him, write to him, and Wood sent a messenger after him, so we hope it will arrive in time.

After 09 Apr 1847. St Mary's Church, Buckden [Map]. Monument to Louisa Linton nee Wingfield wife of Colonel Linton who fought at Waterloo.

The London Gazette 33707. Notice is hereby given that WILLIAM MORGAN FLETCHER-VANE (age 21), of Staindrop House, in the parish of Staindrop and county of Durham, Gentleman (a natural-born British subject), formerly called William Morgan Vane, has by deed poll, dated the 2nd day of April, 1931, and duly enrolled in His Majesty's College of Arms. London, the 9th day of the same month, adopted the surname of Fletcher-Vane, in lieu of and in substitution for the surname of Vane.

AUBREY JOHN TOPPIN, Bluemantle, The (088) College of Arms, London.

Time Team Series 1 Episode 3: The New Town of a Norman Prince was filmed between 09 Apr 1993 and 11 Apr 1993. It was originally shown on 30 Jan 1994.

Location: Much Wenlock, Shropshire [Map], Wenlock Priory, Shropshire [Map].

Category: Time Team Late Medieval.

Time Team:

Tony Robinson (age 47), Presenter

Mick Aston (age 47), Bristol University Landscape Archaeologist

Carenza Lewis (age 30), Royal Commission on Historic Monuments

Phil Harding (age 44), Wessex Archaeological Trust Field Archaeologist

Gerry Barber, Bristol University Environmental Archaeologist

Robin Bush (age 50), Archivist.

Victor Ambrus (age 58), Historical Illustrator

Oliver Butler, Geophysics Specialist

Mark Horton, Local Archaeologist

Dan Miles, Dendrochronologist

Bob Milligan, Geophysics Specialist

Techniques: Excavations, Dendrochronology, Radar Scan.

Historical Figures: Roger "The Great" Montgomery 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.

Sources. Charter of King Stephen granting a three day fair, Domedays Book [Map], Document stating in 1231 King Henry III visited Much Wenlock.

Outcomes. Location of Great Hall, burbage plots, 1254-1299 Dendrochronology date, 12th-13th Century Pottery.

Channel 4 Episode

Time Team Series 3 Episode 6: Treasures of the Roman Field was filmed between 28 Apr 1995 and 09 Apr 1995. It was originally shown on 04 Feb 1996.

Location: Roman Site, Lavenham [Map] near Lavenham, Suffolk.

Time Team Series 3 Episode 5: Palace of the Irish Kings was filmed between 07 Apr 1995 and 09 Apr 1995. It was originally shown on 04 Feb 1996.

Location: Navan Fort, Armagh [Map].