On this Day in History ... 17 October

17 Oct is in October.

1346 Battle of Neville's Cross

1529 Oct Wolsey surrenders the Great Seal

1586 Battle of Zutphen

1660 Trial and Execution of the Regicides

1673 Suicide of Lord Clifford

1680 Siege of Tangier

1777 Battle of Saratoga

On 17 Oct 1311 John Grey (age 40) died at Rotherfield Greys.

Battle of Neville's Cross

On 17 Oct 1346 at the Battle of Neville's Cross near Durham [Map] the English inflicted a heavy defeat on the Scottish army that had invaded England in compliance with their treaty with the French for mutual support against England.

The English army included: William Deincourt 1st Baron Deincourt (age 45), Henry Scrope 1st Baron Scrope Masham (age 34), Ralph Hastings (age 55), Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby (age 55), Archbishop William Zouche, Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy (age 45) and John Mowbray 3rd Baron Mowbray (age 35).

Of the Scottish army King David II of Scotland (age 22), John Graham Earl Menteith and William "Flower of Chivalry and Knight Liddesdale" Douglas 1st Earl Atholl (age 46) were captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map].

Neil Bruce, John Randolph 3rd Earl Moray (age 40), David Hay 6th Baron Erroll (age 28) and Edward Keith of Sinton (age 66) were killed.

John Graham Earl Menteith was present.

After 17 Oct 1346 King David II of Scotland (age 22) was imprisoned at Tower of London [Map].

On 17 Oct 1528 Richard Wentworth 5th Baron Despencer (age 48) died.

1529 Oct Wolsey surrenders the Great Seal

On 17 Oct 1529 Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (age 56) surrendered the Great Seal to Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 56) and Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 45).NOTEXT

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Letters and Papers 1529. 25 Oct 1529. Rym. XIV. 349. 6025. Cardinal Wolsey (age 56).

Memorandum of the surrender of the Great Seal by Cardinal Wolsey, on 17 Oct., to the dukes of Norfolk (age 56) and Suffolk (age 45), in his gallery at his house at Westminster, at 6 o'clock p.m., in the presence of Sir William Fitzwilliam (age 39), John Tayler, and Stephen Gardiner (age 46). The same was delivered by Tayler to the King (age 38) at Windsor [Map], on the 20 Oct., by whom it was taken out and attached to certain documents, in the presence of Tayler and Gardiner, Henry Norris (age 47), Thomas Heneage (age 49), Ralph Pexsall, clerk of the Crown, John Croke, John Judd, and Thomas Hall, of the Hanaper.NOTEXT

On the 25th Oct. the seal was delivered by the King at East Greenwich to Sir Thomas More (age 51), in the presence of Henry Norres (age 47) and Chr. Hales, Attorney General, in the King's privy chamber; and on the next day, Tuesday, 26 Oct., More took his oath as Chancellor in the Great Hall [Map] at Westminster, in presence of the dukes of Norfolk (age 56) and Suffolk (age 45), Th. marquis of Dorset (age 52), Henry marquis of Exeter (age 33), John Earl of Oxford (age 58), Henry Earl of Northumberland (age 27), George Earl of Shrewsbury (age 61), Ralph Earl of Westmoreland (age 31), John Bishop of  Lincoln (age 56), Cuthbert Bishop of  London (age 55), John Bishop of  Bath and Wells, Sir Rob. Radclyf, Viscount Fitzwater (age 46), Sir Tho. Boleyn, Viscount Rocheforde (age 52), Sir WilliamSandys, Lord (age 52) and others.NOTEXT

Close Roll, 21 Henry VIII. m. 19d.

On 17 Oct 1549 Henry Somerset 2nd Earl of Worcester (age 53) died. His son William Somerset 3rd Earl of Worcester (age 23) succeeded 3rd Earl Worcester 5C 1514.

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On 17 Oct 1555 Anthony Browne 1st Viscount Montague (age 26) was appointed 336th Knight of the Garter by Queen Mary I of England and Ireland (age 39).

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Battle of Zutphen

On 17 Oct 1586 Philip Sidney (age 31) died from wounds received at the Battle of Zutphen.

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1660 Trial and Execution of the Regicides

Evelyn's Diary. 17 Oct 1660. Scot, Scroop (age 59), Cook (deceased), and Jones (age 63), suffered for reward of their iniquities at Charing Cross [Map], in sight of the place where they put to death their natural prince, and in the presence of the King (age 30) his son, whom they also sought to kill. I saw not their execution, but met their quarters, mangled, and cut, and reeking, as they were brought from the gallows in baskets on the hurdle. Oh, the miraculous providence of God!

On 17 Oct 1660 Gregory Clement Regicide (age 66), Adrian Scrope Regicide (age 59), John Jones Regicide (age 63) and Thomas Scot Regicide were hanged, drawn and quartered at Charing Cross [Map].

Suicide of Lord Clifford

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Siege of Tangier

On 17 Oct 1693 Charles Schomberg 2nd Duke Schomberg (age 48) died at Turin. His brother Meinhart Schomberg 3rd Duke Schomberg (age 52) succeeded 3rd Duke Schomberg.

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On 17 Oct 1716 Anne Hamilton 3rd Duchess Hamilton (age 84) died.

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On 17 Oct 1745 William Scott 1st Baron Stowell was born.

On 17 Oct 1756 Robert Bertie 4th Duke Ancaster and Kesteven was born to Peregrine Bertie 3rd Duke Ancaster and Kesteven (age 42) and Mary Panton Duchess Ancaster and Kesteven at Grimsthorpe, South Kesteven.

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Battle of Saratoga

On 17 Oct 1777 Captain George Marlay (age 29) was captured at the Battle of Saratoga.

On 17 Oct 1801 George Irby 3rd Baron Boston (age 23) and Rachel Ives Drake Baroness Boston (age 18) were married.

After 17 Oct 1839. Memorial to William Drake Irby (deceased) at St Nicholas Church, Whiston [Map].

William Drake Irby: On 18 Sep 1808 he was born to George Irby 3rd Baron Boston (age 30) and Rachel Ives Drake Baroness Boston (age 25). On 17 Oct 1839 William Drake Irby (age 31) died.

On 17 Oct 1841 George Gough 2nd Viscount Gough (age 26) and Sarah-Elizabeth Palliser were married.

On 17 Oct 1849 George Finch-Hatton 5th Earl Nottingham 10th Earl Winchilsea (age 58) and Fanny Margaretta Rice Countess Nottingham Winchilsea were married. She by marriage Countess Nottingham, Countess Winchilsea.

Middleton. On the 17th, 18th, and 19th of October, and 1st of November, some further researches were made in the Flax Dale Barrow [Map], near Middleton-by-Youlgrave, where a large cinerary urn with its deposit of burnt bones was found, in 1846. Although the present more extensive excavation was not equally successful, it afforded us an opportunity of becoming acquainted with a plan commonly adopted by the Britons in the construction of their tumuli, by first making a circle of large stones, within which the interments were placed, and then covered with an accumulation of stones, until a mound was formed surrounded by a kind of wall of one or two courses, consisting of the aforesaid circle; the whole was then covered with earth, which, though thinly laid on at the summit, was suffered to extend considerably further than the walled circle thus concealing all the stonework. The earth around the circumference of the barrow was very compact, particularly near the outside, and in some places abounded with pieces of melted lead and calcined flints, which led us to think it probable that fire had been employed to harden the earth whilst moist, with the intention of rendering the mound more durable. The only interment discovered on this occasion was just within the S.W. side of the stone circle: it consisted of a deposit of calcined bones which had originally been placed within an urn so imperfectly baked as to have almost become disintegrated, the decay having been accelerated by the atmosphere, eighteen inches of loose stone only covering the deposit. Some flints, fragmentary human bones, and a chip from a stone celt were casually found in the stony part of the mound.

The adjoining field is called Foggy Lees, which may be a corruption of Foggy Low.

On 17 Oct 1865 John Villiers Stuart Townshend 5th Marquess Townshend (age 34) and Anne Elizabeth Clementina Duff Marchioness Townshend (age 18) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Townshend. She the daughter of James Duff 5th Earl Fife (age 51) and Agnes Georgiana Elizabeth Hay Countess Fife (age 36). He the son of John Townshend 4th Marquess Townshend and Elizabeth Jane Stuart (age 62). She a great granddaughter of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

On 17 Oct 1866 John Townshend 6th Marquess Townshend was born to John Villiers Stuart Townshend 5th Marquess Townshend (age 35) and Anne Elizabeth Clementina Duff Marchioness Townshend (age 19). He a great x 2 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

On 17 Oct 1876 Victor Hay 21st Earl of Erroll was born to Charles Hay 20th Earl of Erroll (age 24) and Mary Caroline L'Estrange Countess of Erroll. He a great x 2 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

On 17 Oct 1909 Samuel Hoare 1st Viscount Templewood (age 29) and Maud Lygon (age 27) were married. Their marriage produced no issue. She the daughter of Frederick Lygon 6th Earl Beauchamp and Emily Annora Charlotte Pierrepont Countess Beauchamp (age 56).

On 17 Oct 1945 Peter David Clegg-Hill 9th Viscount Hill was born to Frederic Raymond Clegg-Hill and Alice Dorothy Chapman posthumously. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.66%.

On 17 Oct 1961 Harry Frederick Crookshank 1st Viscount Crookshank (age 68) died. Viscount Crookshank of Gainsborough in Lincolnshire extinct.

Memorial to Harry Frederick Crookshank 1st Viscount Crookshank (age 68) and his sister Helen Elizabeth at Lincoln Cathedral [Map] where both he and his sister are buried.

Harry Frederick Crookshank 1st Viscount Crookshank: On 27 May 1893 he was born at Cairo. The London Gazette 40684. Whitehall, January 13, 1956. The Queen has been pleased by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date the 13th instant, to confer the dignity of a Viscounty of the United Kingdom upon Captain the Right Honourable Harry Frederick Comfort Crookshank (age 62), C.H., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Crookshank, of Gainsborough in the County of Lincoln.

On 17 Oct 1965 Thomas Brand 4th Viscount Hampden (age 65) died. His brother David Brand 5th Viscount Hampden (age 63) succeeded 5th Viscount Hampden 2C 1884. Imogen Alice Rhys Viscountess Hampden (age 62) by marriage Viscountess Hampden.

Baron Dacre Gilsland 1C 1321 abeyant between his two surviving daughters Rachel Leila Brand 27th Baroness Dacre (age 35) and Tessa Mary Brand (age 31). The former succeeded in 1970 when the abeyance was terminated.

On 17 Oct 1992 Mary Lalle Foley 17th Baroness Berkeley (age 87) died. Her nephew Anthony FitzHardinge Gueterbock 18th Baron Berkeley (age 53) succeeded 18th Baron Berkeley 2C 1421.

On 17 Oct 1999 Ralph Grey 1st Baron Grey of Naunton (age 89) died.