On this Day in History ... 28 November

28 Nov is in November.

1290 Death of Eleanor of Castile

1290 Eleanor Crosses

1499 Trial and Execution of Perkin Warbreck and Edward Earl of Warwick

1533 Marriage of Henry Fitzroy and Mary Howard

1666 Great Fire of London

1666 Battle of Rullion Green

On 28 Nov 1170 Owain "Great" King Gwynedd (age 70) died. His son Hywel ab Owain King Gwynedd succeeded King Gwynedd.

Archaeologia Volume 29 Section XIII. It appears from two circumstances that the Queen's (age 49) death took place in the evening. First her anniversary was celebrated on the eve of the feast of Saint Andrew, which according to the ordinary mode of caleulation would be the 29th of November; while the King's letter to the Abbot of Clugni, published in the Foedera, which is by far the most authoritative evidence for the day of her death, states that she died on the 4th of the kalends of December, which would be the 28th of Novemberf; but if the ecclesiastical day is to be reckoned from evening to evening, then the eve of Saint Andrew would include the evening of the 28th. Secondly, there are writs tested on the 28th, as if public business was transacted on the morning of that day. Then public business for a time ceased. No writs are found tested on the 29th or 30th, or on the 1st day of December.

It may be worth observing how differently the precise day of the Queen's death is stated by different writers:

Matthew of Westminster and the Annals of Dunstable, 5 kal. Dec. November 27. Thomas Wikes, 4 kal. Dec. November 28.

Walsingham and Trivet, 4 id. Dec. December 10.

Holinshed, Saint Andrew's Even.

Stowe, November 28.

Gough in the Vetusta Monumenta, November 20.

This list of diseordances may serve to shew how errors will creep in, and how vain it is to expect the highest conceivable accuracy in the multitude of minute statements of historical writers. There is a general aceuracy quite consistent with occasional slight deviations, and honest and honourable men know how to jadge of them.

Archaeologia Volume 29 Section XIII. The Queen (age 49) died of a lingering disease, a slow fever. Wikes says, "modicz febris igniculo contabescensd [of fever burning with fire]." We see therefore why the more quiet situation of Hardby should be chosen for her rather than Clipston, where the Court and Parliament were to be held. I have not seen any positive evidence respecting the time when the Queen first took up her abode at this obscure place. The latest date at which I find the King and Queen together is late in the month of August, when a certain sum was paid to a messenger for carrying joint letters of the King and Queen from Northampton to the Earl of Gloucester. On the 18th of October 13s. 4d. was paid to Henry de Montepessulano for syrops and other medicines bought for the Queen's use at Lincoln. In that interval I conclude she was placed at Hardby, and probably about the 11th of September, when it appears the King was there.

Note d. Gale, p. 121. Wikes states that she died at Grantham. It is difficult to account for positive assertions like this in writers who are in the main deserving of credit. Langtoft says, That ilk sere pe quene died in Lyndseie. (p. 248.)

This is worth notice, as assisting to determine the ancient limits of the district called Lindsey.

Death of Eleanor of Castile

Archaeologia Volume 29 Section XIII. The corpse (age 49) was opened and embalmed. The heart was reserved to be deposited, probably at her own desire, in the church of the Friars Predicants in London. What else was removed was interred in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin in the Minster at Lincoln [Map]. Writs are found tested by the King (age 51) at Lincoln on the 2nd and 3rd of December. On the 5th they are tested at Casterton, which is on the road from Grantham to Stamford; on the 9th at Northampton; on the 13th at Saint Alban's and London. It is manifest, therefore, that the funeral procession, in which the King was personally present, must have set out very soon after the death. It would seem that the body was taken from Hardby to Lincoln, and that the procession set out from Lincoln on the morning of the 4th.

On 28 Nov 1290 Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 49) died at Harby [Map]. Her viscera were buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Eleanor Crosses

After 28 Nov 1290 Eleanor of Castile's (age 49) body was taken from Harby [Map] to Westminster Abbey [Map]. At each of the locations at which her body rested overnight King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 51) commissioned the building of an Eleanor Cross. Three remain. The best example being at Geddington, Northamptonshire [Map].

On 28 Nov 1415 Piers Butler 5th Baron Dunboyne died without issue. His brother Edmond Butler 6th Baron Dunboyne succeeded 6th Baron Dunboyne.

Trial and Execution of Perkin Warbreck and Edward Earl of Warwick

On 28 Nov 1499 Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick (age 24) was executed at Tower Hill [Map].

Earl Warwick 1C 1088, Baron Montagu 3C 1357 forfeit.

Documentation held in Spain apparently describes Catherine of Aragon's (age 13) parents Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 47) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 48) expressing concern that Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick (age 24) was a potential claimant to throne, and being reluctant for their daughter to marry Arthur Prince of Wales (age 13) whilst there was a threat to his (age 13) accession causing King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 42) to use Perkin Warbreck's (deceased) attempted escape with Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick (age 24) as a means to an end.

Marriage of Henry Fitzroy and Mary Howard

On 28 Nov 1533 Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Richmond and Somerset (age 14) and Mary Howard Duchess Richmond and Somerset (age 14) were married. She by marriage Duchess of Richmond and Somerset. Another coup for the Howard Family especially in view of Henry Fitzroy being considered by some as a possible heir in view of Anne Boleyn having given birth to a girl. She the daughter of Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 60) and Elizabeth Stafford Duchess Norfolk (age 36). He the son of King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 42) and Elizabeth "Bessie" Blount Baroness Clinton and Tailboys (age 35). They were third cousins.NOTEXT

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 28th of November [1357], and two following days, the Queen entertained the Earl of Tancarville, a member of the royal family of France, and at this time in England, as one of the captives of Poitiers; and with him the Earl of Salisbury. Of this latter nobleman, William de Montacute, second Earl, it is noticeable that he too was connected with the Mortimers, being, as we have already stated, brother-in-law to the existing Earl of March2, although his father had personally acted a principal part in arresting Isabella's paramour in Nottingham Castle.

Note 1. Possibly John Melun 1st Count Tancarville although he not a member of the royal family of France?

Note 2. Roger Mortimer 2nd Earl March had married William's sister Philippa Montagu Countess March.

On 28 Nov 1545 William Courtenay 2nd Earl Devon (age 16) and Elizabeth Paulett Countess Devon were married. She the daughter of John Paulet 2nd Marquess Winchester (age 35) and Elizabeth Willoughby.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Nov 1556. The xxviij day of November came rydyng thrugh Smythfeld and Old Balee and thrugh Fletstrett unto Somesset place my good lade Elisabeth('s) (age 23) grace the quen('s) syster, with a grett compene of velvett cottes and cheynes, her graces gentyllmen, and after a grett compene of her men all in red cottes gardyd with a brod gard of blake velvett, and cuttes; and ther her grace dyd loge at her place; ther her grace tared (blank) days till the iij day of Dessember or her grace dyd remowyffe.

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Henry Machyn's Diary. 28 Nov 1558. [The xxviijth day of November the Queen (age 25) removed to the Tower from the lord North's] plasse, (which) was the Charter Howsse. [All] the stretes unto the towre of London was newe gravelled. Her grace rod thrugh Barbecan and Crepulgat [Map], by [London-wall] unto Bysshope-gate [Map], and up to Leden-halle [Map] and thrugh Gracyus strett [Map] and Fanchyrchestrett [Map]; and a-for rod gentyllmen and [many] knyghtes and lordes, and after cam all the trumpetes blohyng, and then cam all the haroldes in a-ray; and my lord of Penbroke (age 57) [bare the] the quen('s) sword; then cam here Grace (age 25) on horsbake, [apparelled] in purpull welvett with a skarpe [scarf] abowt her neke, and [the serg]anttes of armes abowt here grace; and next after rod [sir] Robart Dudley (age 26) the master of her horse; and so the gard with halbards. [And] ther was shyche shutyng of gunes as never was hard a-for; so to the towre, with all the nobulles. And so here Grace lay in the towre [Map] unto the v day of Dessember, that was sant Necolas evyn. And ther was in serten plasses chylderyn with speches and odur places, syngyng and playing with regalles.

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On 28 Nov 1627 Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell Hadham (age 19) and Elizabeth Morrison Baroness Capell Hadham (age 16) were married.

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Around 28 Nov 1660 Charles Gerard 4th Baron Gerard (age 26) and Jane Digby Baroness Gerard (age 23) were married. She by marriage Baroness Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.

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On or after 28 Nov 1663, the date of the licence, John Bellew 1st Baron Bellew and Mary Bermingham were married.

On 28 Nov 1666 Bishop George Griffith (age 65) died. Memorial at St Asaph Cathedral.

Bishop George Griffith: On 30 Sep 1601 he was born. On 17 Oct 1660 Bishop George Griffith (age 59) was elected Bishop of St Asaph. On 28 Oct 1660 Bishop George Griffith (age 59) was consecrated Bishop of St Asaph at the Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey by Bishop Brian Duppa (age 71). It was the first consecration of bishops after the Restoration.

Battle of Rullion Green

On 28 Nov 1666 the Battle of Rullion Green between Covenanter dissidents and the Scottish government. The battle ended the Pentland Rising.

Great Fire of London

Evelyn's Diary. 28 Nov 1666. Went to see Clarendon House, now almost finished, a goodly pile to see, but had many defects as to the architecture, yet placed most gracefully. After this, I waited on the Lord Chancellor (age 57), who was now at Berkshire House, since the burning of London.

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Evelyn's Diary. 28 Nov 1679. Came over the Duke of Monmouth (age 30) from Holland unexpectedly to his Majesty (age 49); while the Duke of York (age 46) was on his journey to Scotland, whither the King (age 49) sent him to reside and govern. The bells and bonfires of the city at this arrival of the Duke of Monmouth (age 30) publishing their joy, to the no small regret of some at Court. This Duke (age 30), whom for distinction they called the Protestant Duke (though the son of an abandoned woman), the people made their idol.

On 28 Nov 1706 Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia (age 18) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia (age 19) were married. She the daughter of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 46) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort England (age 40). He the son of Frederick I King Prussia (age 49) and Sophia Charlotte Hanover Queen Consort Prussia. They were first cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

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On 28 Nov 1724 Robert Marsham 1st Baron Romney (age 39) died. His son Robert Marsham 2nd Baron Romney (age 12) succeeded 2nd Baron Romney, 6th Baronet Marsham of Cuckston in Kent.

On 28 Nov 1728 Lewis Watson 1st Baron Sondes was born to John Monson 1st Baron Monson (age 35) and Margaret Watson (age 33).

On 28 Nov 1728 Alexander Gordon 2nd Duke Gordon (age 50) died. His son Cosmo George Gordon 3rd Duke Gordon (age 8) succeeded 3rd Duke Gordon 1C 1684, 6th Marquess Huntly, 11th Earl Huntley.

On 28 Nov 1734 James Hamilton 6th Earl Abercorn (age 73) died. His son James Hamilton 7th Earl Abercorn (age 48) succeeded 7th Earl Abercorn. Anne Plumer Countess Abercorn (age 44) by marriage Countess Abercorn.

After 28 Nov 1748 Ann Sprott was buried at St Laurence's Church, Ludlow [Map]. The inscription on her monument reads ... Beneath Lyeth Ann Relict of John Price DD He was of the Antient family of the Prices of Gogerthan in Cardiganshire by the Male side by the Female of the Antient and noble Line of the Agards of Forston in Darbyshire His Grand and Her great Grandmother were two of the Coheiresses of that Family she was his Wife 42 Years He departed May 11 1722 and lies buried at Westbury in Com Salop of which he was Rector She was 2d. Daughter of Henry Sprott Esqr. of Ashmore Brook in Com Stafford by Ann sole Daughter and Heiress of Tho Lokier of the Marsh in Com Salop Gent she dyed 28 Novembr. 1748 leaving no Issue Aged 91 She was a true Daughter and exact Observer of the Orthodox Doctrine of the Church of England which her Learned Husband with the utmost industry and Zeal studied and promoted Farewell Reader and like her revere the God that Judgeth right

The arms of Price and Sprott in the first and second quarters and unknown arms in the lower two.

Ann Sprott: Around 1631 she was born to Henry Sprott of Ashmore Brook in Staffordshire and Ann Lokier. Around 1680 Reverend John Price and Ann Sprott (age 49) were married. On 28 Nov 1748 she died.

On 28 Nov 1774 Duke Frederick IV of Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Duke Ernest of Saxe Coburg Altenburg (age 29) and Charlotte Saxe Meiningen Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 23) at Gotha.

On 28 Nov 1826 Francis Rawdon-Hastings 1st Marquess Hastings (age 71) died. His son George Augustus Francis Rawdon-Hastings 2nd Marquess Hastings (age 18) succeeded 2nd Marquess Hastings, 3rd Earl Moira, 18th Baron Botreaux 1368, 17th Baron Hungerford 1C 1426, 15th Baron Moleyns 1C 1445 and 15th Baron Hastings 2C 1461. Barbara Yelverton Marchioness Hastings (age 16) by marriage Marchioness Hastings.

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After 28 Nov 1828 St Edburga's Church, Leigh [Map]. Memorial to Mary Russell (deceased), wife of Rector of St Edburga's, Henry Barry Domvile.

Mary Russell: Around 1785 she was born to William Russell of Powich Court (age 35) and Mary Cocks (age 27). On 28 Nov 1828 Mary Russell (age 43) died at Torquay, Devon.

On 28 Nov 1843 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond (age 25) and Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond (age 19) were married. He the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond (age 52) and Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond (age 47). He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 28 Nov 1851 Albert Henry George Grey 4th Earl Grey was born to Charles Grey (age 47) and Caroline Eliza Farquhar (age 37).

On 28 Nov 1857 Alfonso XII King Spain was born to Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain (age 35) and Isabella II Queen Spain (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.64%.

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On 28 Nov 1873 Algernon Skeffington 12th Viscount Massereene, 5th Viscount Ferrard was born to Clotworthy Skeffington 11th Viscount Massereene, 5th Viscount Ferrard (age 31) and Florence Elizabeth Whyte-Melville Viscountess Massereene and Ferrard.

On 28 Nov 1894 Henry Vivian 1st Baron Swansea (age 73) died. Probate was granted to his sons Henry Hussey Vivian and Odo Richard Vivian valuing his estate at £163,707 1s 9d. He was buried at St Paul's Church, Sketty. His son Ernest Ambrose Vivian 2nd Baron Swansea (age 46) succeeded 2nd Baron Swansea of Singleton in Glamorganshire, 2nd Baronet Vivian of Singleton in Swansea in Glamorganshire.

On 28 Nov 1895 Edgar Clifford Arundell 14th Baron Arundel (age 35) and Ellen Elizabeth Thatcher Baroness Arundel Wardour were married.

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