Biography of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk 1300-1338

Paternal Family Tree: Anjou aka Plantagenet

Maternal Family Tree: Beatrice St Pol Countess Ponthieu 1145-1204

1254 Wedding of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile

1272 Death of Henry III

1299 Edward I and Margaret of France Wedding

1307 Death of Edward I

1315 Funeral of Piers Gaveston

1318 Death of Queen Consort Margaret of France

1328 Roger Mortimer created Earl of March

1328 Mortimer Double Marriage and Tournament

1333 Battle of Halidon Hill

Wedding of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile

On 01 Nov 1254 [his father] King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 15) and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 13) were married at Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas. She the daughter of Ferdinand III King Castile III King Leon and Joan Dammartin Queen Consort Castile and Leon (age 34). He the son of King Henry III of England (age 47) and Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England (age 31). They were second cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Death of Henry III

On 16 Nov 1272 [his grandfather] King Henry III of England (age 65) died at Westminster [Map]. His son [his father] King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 33) succeeded I King England. Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 31) by marriage Queen Consort England.

Edward I and Margaret of France Wedding

On 08 Sep 1299 [his father] King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 60) and [his mother] Margaret of France Queen Consort England (age 20) were married at Canterbury Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort England. The difference in their ages was 39 years. She the daughter of Philip "Bold" III King France and Maria Reginar Queen Consort France (age 43). He the son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 27) was present.

On 01 Jun 1300 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk was born to King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 60) and Margaret of France Queen Consort England (age 21) at Brotherton [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.81%.

Death of Edward I

On 07 Jul 1307 [his father] King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 68) died at Burgh by Sands [Map] whilst on his way north to Scotland. His son [his half-brother] King Edward II of England (age 23) succeeded II King England. Earl Chester merged with the Crown.

Edward (age 68) had gathered around him Thomas Plantagenet 2nd Earl of Leicester, 2nd Earl Lancaster, Earl of Salisbury and Lincoln (age 29), Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 35), Aymer de Valence 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 32) and Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford (age 33) and charged them with looking after his son in particular ensuring Piers Gaveston 1st Earl Cornwall (age 23) didn't return from exile.

In 1312 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 11) was created 1st Earl Norfolk.

Funeral of Piers Gaveston

On 02 Jan 1315 Piers Gaveston 1st Earl Cornwall was buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map] some two and a half years after his murder. The ceremony was attended by [his half-brother] King Edward II of England (age 30) and his wife Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 20) as well as Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex (age 39), Aymer de Valence 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 40), Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 14), Bartholomew Badlesmere 1st Baron Badlesmere (age 39), Hugh Despencer 1st Baron Despencer (age 7) and his son Hugh "Younger" Despencer 1st Baron Despencer (age 29).

On 10 Feb 1316 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 15) was appointed Earl Marshal.

Death of Queen Consort Margaret of France

On 14 Feb 1318 [his mother] Margaret of France Queen Consort England (age 39) died at Marlborough Castle [Map]. She was buried at Christ Church Greyfriars [Map]. Her tomb was destroyed during the Reformation.

Around 1320 [his son] Edward Plantagenet was born to Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 19) and [his future wife] Alice Hales Countess Norfolk. He a grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.

Around 1324 [his daughter] Alice Plantagenet was born to Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 23) and [his future wife] Alice Hales Countess Norfolk. She a granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.

Before 05 Feb 1326 Ralph Cobham (age 50) and [his future wife] Mary Brewes Countess Norfolk (age 24) were married. The difference in their ages was 26 years. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.

Before 12 Oct 1326 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 26) and Alice Hales Countess Norfolk were married. She by marriage Countess Norfolk. He the son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England and Margaret of France Queen Consort England.

Froissart. 17 Mar 1328. Then the earl marshal (age 27) and the [his brother] earl of Kent (age 26), the king's uncle, made a peace between the king (age 15) and the earl of Lancaster (age 47), on whose part was sir Henry lord Beaumont (age 49), sir Fulke Fitz-Warin (age 43), sir Thomas Rocelin, sir William Trussel (age 48), sir Thomas Wither and about a hundred knights, who were all expelled out of England by the counsel of queen Isabel and the earl Mortimer: for he was so covetous, that he thought to have the most part of all their lands into his own hands, as it is more plainly shewed in the English chronicle, the which I pass over and follow mine author.

Roger Mortimer created Earl of March

Froissart. 17 Mar 1328. And also they delivered to them again the black cross of Scotland, the which the good king Edward conquered and brought it out of the abbey of Scone [Map], the which was a precious relic; and all rights and interests that every baron had in Scotland was then clean forgiven. And many other things were done at that parliament to the great hurt and prejudice of the realm of England, and in manner against the wills of all the nobles of the realm, save only of Isabel (age 33) the old queen and the bishop of Ely and the lord Mortimer (age 40): they ruled the realm in such wise, that every man was miscontent. So that the earl Henry of Lancaster (age 47) and sir Thomas Brotherton (age 27), earl marshal, and sir [his brother] Edmund of Woodstock (age 26), the king's uncle, and divers other lords and commons were agreed together to amend these faults, if they might. And in that meantime the queen Isabel (age 33) and sir Roger Mortimer (age 40) caused another parliament to be holden at Salisbury, at the which parliament sir Roger Mortimer (age 40) was made earl of March against all the barons' wills of England, in prejudice of king and his realm, and sir John of Eltham (age 11) the king's brother was made earl of Cornwall. To the which parliament the earl Henry of Lancaster (age 47) would not come, wherefore the king was brought in belief that he would have destroyed his person; for the which they assembled a great host and went toward Bedford [Map], whereas the earl Henry (age 47) was with his company.

Mortimer Double Marriage and Tournament

On 31 May 1328 the Mortimer family leveraged their new status at a lavish ceremony that celebrated the marriages of two of Roger Mortimer's (age 41) daughters at Hereford [Map].

[his son] Edward Plantagenet (age 8) and [his daughter-in-law] Beatrice Mortimer (age 6) were married. She the daughter of Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March (age 41) and Joan Geneville Baroness Mortimer 2nd Baroness Geneville (age 42). He the son of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 27) and Alice Hales Countess Norfolk. They were half third cousin once removed. He a grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.

Laurence Hastings 1st Earl Pembroke (age 9) and Agnes Mortimer Countess of Pembroke (age 11) were married. She the daughter of Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March (age 41) and Joan Geneville Baroness Mortimer 2nd Baroness Geneville (age 42). He the son of John Hastings 2nd Baron Hastings 14th Baron Bergavenny and Juliana Leybourne Countess Huntingdon (age 25). They were third cousin once removed. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.

King Edward III of England (age 15) and his mother Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 33) attended as well as Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March (age 41).

Before 12 Oct 1330 [his wife] Alice Hales Countess Norfolk died.

Battle of Halidon Hill

On 19 Jul 1333 King Edward III of England (age 20) defeated the Scots army at the Battle of Halidon Hill near Berwick on Tweed [Map]. John of Eltham 1st Earl Cornwall (age 16) commanded.

English archers, just as at the Battle of Dupplin Moor one year previously, had a significant impact on the massed ranks of Scottish schiltrons. Edward's army included: Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 33), who commanded the right wing, Hugh Courtenay 9th Earl Devon (age 56), Robert Pierrepont, Hugh Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 30), Henry Beaumont Earl Buchan (age 54) and John Sully (age 50). One of the few English casualties was John Neville (age 34) who was killed.

The Scottish army included King David II of Scotland (age 9). Alexander Bruce, Alan Stewart (age 61), James Stewart (age 57), John Stewart, William Douglas 1st Earl Atholl, Archibald Douglas (age 35) who were all killed.

Hugh 4th Earl Ross (age 36) was killed. His son William 5th Earl Ross succeeded 5th Earl Ross.

Malcolm Lennox 2nd Earl Lennox was killed. His son Domhnall Lennox Earl Lennox succeeded Earl Lennox.

Kenneth de Moravia Sutherland 4th Earl Sutherland was killed. His son William de Moravia Sutherland 5th Earl Sutherland succeeded 5th Earl Sutherland. Johanna Menteith Countess Sutherland by marriage Countess Sutherland.

Before 09 Aug 1334 [his son] Edward Plantagenet (age 14) died.

Before 04 Apr 1336 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 35) and Mary Brewes Countess Norfolk (age 34) were married. She by marriage Countess Norfolk. He the son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England and Margaret of France Queen Consort England. They were half second cousin twice removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.

On 04 Aug 1338 Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 38) died at Framlingham Castle, Suffolk [Map]. His daughter [his daughter] Margaret Plantagenet 2nd Countess Norfolk succeeded 2nd Countess Norfolk.

Around 11 Jun 1362 [his former wife] Mary Brewes Countess Norfolk (age 60) died.

[his daughter] Margaret Plantagenet 2nd Countess Norfolk was born to Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk and Alice Hales Countess Norfolk. She a granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.

Calendars. 33. Also, on the same Saturday [10 February 1397], a charter of the king made to the earl marshal touching his office of marshal of England, and the gold staff adorned with the emblem of the king's arms which he will carry in his office, was read and delivered to the said earl. The tenor of which charter follows:

The king to the same, greeting. Know that whereas recently by our letters patent of our special grace we granted to our beloved kinsman Thomas, Earl of Nottingham, the office of marshal of England, together with the name and honour of earl marshal, to have to him and his male heirs issuing from his body, with all the fees, profits, and appurtenances whatsoever pertaining in any way to the said office, in perpetuity; as is fully contained in the same letters. We, mindful of the gracious and laudable services often performed by the aforementioned earl, on either side of the sea, for the benefit and honour of us and our kingdom, at no small effort, cost, and charge to him; and wishing therefore to provide for the estate and honour of that earl, of our special grace have granted in our present parliament for us and our heirs to the same earl the said office, and the name, title, and honour of earl marshal of England, to have to him and his male heirs issuing from his body, together with all offices, commodities, profits and other appurtenances whatsoever, both in our courts and elsewhere, relating or pertaining in any way to the same office, in the same manner and as fully, freely, wholly, and peacefully as Thomas Brotherton, lately Earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, father of our beloved kinswoman [his daughter] Margaret Countess of Norfolk, [widow] of the aforesaid late earl, or Roger Bigod sometime Earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, or any other after the death of the same former earl, or the same present earl, had or held the said office of marshal of England in their time.

Willing further and granting for us and our heirs, that the office of marshal of our Bench before us, which John Wicks holds for the term of his life by our grant, and the office of marshal in our treasury which Richard Gascoigne holds for his life by grant of our beloved brother Thomas Earl of Kent, lately marshal of England, by our confirmation; and also the office of herald of the marshal before the steward and marshal of our household, which Guy Allesley holds for his life by grant of the lord Edward [III], late king of England, our grandfather, and by our confirmation; which offices after the death of the aforesaid John, Richard and Guy should revert to us and our heirs, after the death of the same John, Richard, and Guy shall remain to the aforementioned earl marshal, to have to him and his male heirs in perpetuity. And that the same offices, and all other offices in any of our courts and elsewhere, which pertained, and used to pertain to the said office of marshal of England in times past, shall be fully restored, annexed, and reunited to the said office of marshal of England in perpetuity. And that the same earl and his male heirs may give, grant, or confer those offices on any suitable persons freely and without hindrance as soon as they shall have fallen vacant by death, demise, resignation, surrender, or in any other way, notwithstanding any of our letters patent made to the contrary.

Considering also the vigour and nobility of that earl, and that he may in future the more fittingly and honourably perform and exercise the aforesaid office, we have granted for us and our heirs to the same present earl that he and his said male heirs, marshals of England, by virtue of their aforesaid office should have, carry, and bear, as well in the presence as in the absence of us and our heirs, a certain gold staff, with both ends enamelled in black, and with the emblem of our arms decorating the top of the said staff, and with the emblem of the arms of that earl decorating the bottom of the said staff; notwithstanding that the same present earl in his time, or the aforementioned former earls, or any other who had the said office of marshal of England before this time, used to carry or bear a wooden staff. Witnessed by these, the venerable fathers Thomas archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England, Robert of London, William of Winchester, John of Ely, Edmund of Exeter, our chancellor, bishops; John of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Edmund of York, dukes, our beloved uncles; Henry of Derby, Edward of Rutland, Henry of Northumberland, earls; Reginald Grey of Ruthin, Ralph Neville, John Lovell, knights; Roger Walden, dean of York, our treasurer, Thomas Percy, steward of our household, and others. Given by our hand at Westminster on 10 February 1397.

Froissart. THIS [his half-brother] king Edward the second, father to the noble king Edward the third, had two brethren, the one called [the earl] marshal, who was right wild and diverse of conditions, the other called sir [his brother] Edmund earl of Kent, right wise, amiable, gentle and well beloved with all people.

Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk 1300-1338 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England 1133-1189

King John "Lackland" of England 1166-1216

King Henry III of England 1207-1272

King Edward "Longshanks" I of England 1239-1307

Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England 1122-1204

Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence 1198-1245

Royal Ancestors of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk 1300-1338

Kings Wessex: Great x 7 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings England: Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 5 Grand Son of Malcolm III King Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 4 Grand Son of Louis VII King Franks

Kings France: Grand Son of Philip "Bold" III King France

Royal Descendants of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk 1300-1338

Queen Anne Boleyn of England x 1

Queen Catherine Howard of England x 1

Jane "Nine Days Queen" Grey I Queen England and Ireland x 1

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom x 39

Queen Consort Camilla Shand x 13

Diana Spencer Princess Wales x 125

Ancestors of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk 1300-1338

Great x 4 Grandfather: Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem

Great x 3 Grandfather: Geoffrey Plantagenet Duke Normandy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengarde La Flèche De Baugency Countess Anjou

Great x 2 Grandfather: King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Henry I "Beauclerc" England Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Empress Matilda Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 1 Grandfather: King John "Lackland" of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: William "Saint" Poitiers X Duke Aquitaine

Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Rouerge Duchess Aquitaine

Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Aimery Chatellerault Viscount Châtellerault

Great x 3 Grandmother: Aenor Chatellerault Duchess Aquitaine

Great x 4 Grandmother: Dangereuse Ile Bouchard Viscountess Chatellerault

GrandFather: King Henry III of England Son of King John "Lackland" of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis "Fat" VI King France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Peter Courtenay

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France

Great x 2 Grandmother: Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême

Great x 4 Grandfather: Renaud Courtenay

Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Courtenay

Great x 4 Grandmother: Helene du Donjon

Father: King Edward "Longshanks" I of England Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alfonso II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Petronilla Jiménez Queen Aragon

Great x 2 Grandfather: Alfonso Barcelona II Count Provence

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sancha Ivrea Queen Consort Aragon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Richeza Unknown Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon

Great x 1 Grandfather: Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence

Great x 3 Grandfather: Rainou of Sabran

Great x 2 Grandmother: Gersenda II Sabran Countess Provence

GrandMother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Amadeus Savoy III Count Savoy

Great x 3 Grandfather: Humbert Savoy III Count Savoy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mahaut Albon Countess Savoy

Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy

Great x 3 Grandmother: Beatrice Macon Countess Savoy

Great x 1 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence

Great x 3 Grandfather: William I-Count Geneva

Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Geneva Countess Savoy

Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk Son of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis VII King Franks

Great x 3 Grandfather: King Philip II of France 2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adèle Blois Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Louis "Lion" VIII King France 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Sancho III King Castile

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alfonso VIII King Castile

Great x 4 Grandmother: Blanche Ramirez Queen Consort Castile

Great x 2 Grandmother: Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

GrandFather: Philip "Bold" III King France 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso II King Aragon

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alfonso Barcelona II Count Provence

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sancha Ivrea Queen Consort Aragon

Great x 2 Grandfather: Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence

Great x 4 Grandfather: Rainou of Sabran

Great x 3 Grandmother: Gersenda II Sabran Countess Provence

Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France

Great x 4 Grandfather: Humbert Savoy III Count Savoy

Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Macon Countess Savoy

Great x 2 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence

Great x 4 Grandfather: William I-Count Geneva

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Geneva Countess Savoy

Mother: Margaret of France Queen Consort England 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry Reginar II Duke Brabant 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Matthew Metz Count Boulogne

Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Metz 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Blois I Countess Boulogne Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Reginar III Duke Brabant 4 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Philip Swabia

Great x 2 Grandmother: Marie Swabia Duchess Brabant

GrandMother: Maria Reginar Queen Consort France 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh III Duke Burgundy 2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Odo III Duke Burgundy 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Metz Duchess Burgundy

Great x 2 Grandfather: Hugh IV Duke Burgundy 4 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugues Vergy

Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Vergy Duchess Burgundy

Great x 1 Grandmother: Adelaide Burgundy Duchess Brabant 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Capet II Count Dreux

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Capet III Count Dreux

Great x 4 Grandmother: Yolande Coucy Countess Dreux

Great x 2 Grandmother: Yolande Capet Duchess Burgundy

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas St Valery

Great x 3 Grandmother: Aénor de Saint-Valéry

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adele Ponthieu