Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 640. This year died Eadbald, King of Kent, after a reign of twenty-five winters. He had two sons, Ermenred and Erkenbert; and Erkenbert reigned there after his father. He overturned all the idols in the kingdom, and first of English kings appointed a fast before Easter. His daughter was called Ercongota - holy damsel of an illustrious sire! whose mother was Sexburga, the daughter of Anna, king of the East-Angles. Ermenred also begat two sons [Note. Æthelberht Oiscingas and Æthelred Oiscingas], who were afterwards martyred by Thunnor.

On 20 Jan 1327 Hugh Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 23) was appointed Knight Banneret.

Patent Rolls Edward IV 1465. 20 Jan 1465. Grant to Master Robert Stillyngton (age 45), king's clerk, keeper of the privy Westminster, seal, by mainprise of John Brewester of London, 'gentilman,' and Thomas Wode of Farnham, co. Essex, 'gentilman,' of the custody of all the temporalities of the Bishopric of Bath and Wells, in the king's hands by the death of Thomas, late bishop (deceased), so long as they remain in the king's hands, rendering as much as may be agreed upon between him and the treasurer before Midsummer and supporting all charges, and also all advowsons belonging to the king by reason of the said temporalities. By K.

On 20 Jan 1465 Thomas Boyd 1st Earl Arran was engaged to Marion Kennedy (age 21) but no marriage took place.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 20 Jan 1557. The xx day of January at Grenwyche parke the quen (age 40) grace('s) pensyonars dyd mustur in bryth [bright] [harness] and mony barbe horsses; and evere pensyonar had iij men in grene cottes gardyd with whytt; so thay rod a-bowt [the park,] iij in ranke apone grett horssys with spers in ther handes pentyd whyt and grene, and a-for rod trumpeters blohyng; and next a man of armes bayryng a standard of red and yelowe, in the standard a whytt hart, and on the thodur syd a blake eygyll with goldyd leges; and be-twyn ij and iij of the cloke thay cam downe and mustered a-for the Quen('s) grace a-for the parke gatt, for ther stod the Quen('s) grace on he, and my lord cardenall (age 56), and my lord admerall (age 47), and my lord Montyguw (age 28), and dyvers odur lordes and lades; and so a-for the pensyoners rod many gentyll-men on genetes and lyght horsses, butt spesyalle ther rod on gentyll-man, ys nam ys master (blank), apon the lest mulle thatt evere I say; and so thay rod to and fro a-for the Quyne; and ther cam a tumbeler, and playd mony prate fettes a-for the Quen and my lord cardenalle, that her grace dyd layke hartely; and so her grace dyd thanke them alle for ther peyne; and so after they partyd, for ther wher of the pensyonars 1. and mo, besyd ther men of armes; and ther wher of pepulle of men and vomen a-boyff x m. pepulle and mo.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 20 Jan 1617. Upon the 20th I and my Lord (age 27) went presently after dinner to the Court, he went up to the King’s side about his business, I went to my Aunt Bedford in her lodging where I stay’d in Lady Ruthven’s chamber till towards 8 o’clock about which time I was sent for up to the King into his Drawing Chamber when the door was lock’d and nobody suffered to stay here but my Lord and I, my Uncle Cumberland, my Coz. Clifford, my Lords Arundel, Pembroke, Montgomery, Sir John Digby. For lawyers there were my Lord Chief Justice Montague and Hobart Yelverton the King’s Solicitor, Sir Randal Crewe that was to speak for my Lord and I. The King asked us all if we would submit to his judgment in this case. My Uncle Cumberland, my Coz. Clifford, and my Lord answered they would, but I would never agree to it without Westmoreland at which the King grew in a great chaff. My Lord of Pembroke and the King’s Solicitor speaking much against me, at last when they saw there was no remedy, my Lord fearing the King would do me some public disgrace, desired Sir Fohn Digby would open the door, who went out with me and persuaded me much to yield to the King. My Lord Hay (age 37) came to me to whom I told in brief how this business stood. Presently after my Lord came from the King when it was resolved that if I would not come to an agreement there should be an agreement made without me. We went down, Sir Robert Douglas and Sir George Chaworth bringing us to the coach, by the way my Lord and I went in at Worcester House to see my Lord and Lady and so came home this day. I may say I was led miraculously by God’s Providence, and next to that I trust all my good to the worth and nobleness of my Lord's disposition for neither I nor anybody else thought I should have passed over this day so well as I have done.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1660. Thence to Mr. Sheply's and took him to my house and drank with him in order to his going to-morrow. So parted and I sat up late making up my accounts before he go. This day three citizens of London went to meet Monk (age 51) from the Common Council¹!

Note 1. Jan. 20th. Then there went out of the City, by desire of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, Alderman Fowke and Alderman Vincett, alias Vincent, and Mr. Broomfield, to compliment General Monk, who lay at Harborough Town, in Leicestershire.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1660. Friday. In the morning I went to Mr Downing's (age 35) bedside and gave him an account what I had done as to his guests, land I went thence to my Lord Widdrington (age 60) who I met in the street, going to seal the patents for the judges to-day, and so could not come to dinner. I called upon Mr. Calthrop (age 36) about the money due to my Lord. Here I met with Mr. Woodfine and drank with him at Sun in Chancery Lane and so to Westminster Hall [Map], where at the lobby I spoke with the rest of my guests and so to my office. At noon went by water with Mr. Maylard and Hales to Swan in Fish Street at our Goal Feast, where we were very merry at our Jole of Ling, and from thence after a great and good dinner Mr. Falconberge would go drink a cup of ale at a place where I had like to have shot at a scholar that lay over the house of office. Thence calling on Mr. Stephens and Wootton (with whom I drank) about business of my Lord's (age 34) I went to the Coffee Club where there was nothing done but choosing of a Committee for orders. Thence to Westminster Hall [Map] where Mrs. Lane and the rest of the maids had their white scarfs, all having been at the burial of a young bookseller in the Hall¹.

Note 1. These stationers and booksellers, whose shops disfigured Westminster Hall down to a late period, were a privileged class. In the statutes for appointing licensers and regulating the press, there is a clause exempting them from the pains and penalties of these obnoxious laws.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1660. Jan. 21st. Because the Speaker was sick, and Lord General Monk (age 51) so near London, and everybody thought that the City would suffer for their affronts to the soldiery, and because they had sent the sword-bearer to, the General without the Parliament's consent, and the three Aldermen were gone to give him the welcome to town, these four lines were in almost everybody's mouth:

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1664. By and by came by Mr. Coventry (age 36), and so we broke off; and he and I took a turn or two and so parted, and then my Lord Sandwich (age 38) came upon me, to speak with whom my business of coming again to-night to this ende of the town chiefly was, in order to the seeing in what manner he received me, in order to my inviting him to dinner to my house, but as well in the morning as now, though I did wait upon him home and there offered occasion of talk with him, yet he treated me, though with respect, yet as a stranger, without any of the intimacy or friendship which he used to do, and which I fear he will never, through his consciousness of his faults, ever do again. Which I must confess do trouble me above anything in the world almost, though I neither do need at present nor fear to need to be so troubled, nay, and more, though I do not think that he would deny me any friendship now if I did need it, but only that he has not the face to be free with me, but do look upon me as a remembrancer of his former vanity, and an espy upon his present practices, for I perceive that Pickering to-day is great with him again, and that he has done a great courtesy for Mr. Pierce, the chirurgeon, to a good value, though both these and none but these did I mention by name to my Lord in the business which has caused all this difference between my Lord and me. However, I am resolved to forbear my laying out my money upon a dinner till I see him in a better posture, and by grave and humble, though high deportment, to make him think I do not want him, and that will make him the readier to admit me to his friendship again, I believe the soonest of anything but downright impudence, and thrusting myself, as others do, upon him, which yet I cannot do, not [nor] will not endeavour.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1664. Up and by coach to my Lord Sandwich's (age 38), and after long staying till his coming down (he not sending for me up, but it may be he did not know I was there), he came down, and I walked with him to the Tennis Court, and there left him, seeing the King (age 33) play.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1665. So took coach and to my Lady Sandwich's (age 40), and so to my bookseller's, and there took home Hooke's book of microscopy, a most excellent piece, and of which I am very proud.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1667. After dinner I with my brother away by water to White Hall, and there walked in the Parke, and a little to my Chancellor's (age 57), where the King (age 36) and Cabinet met, and there met Mr. Brisband, with whom good discourse, to White Hall towards night, and there he did lend me "The Third Advice to a Paynter", a bitter satyre upon the service of the Duke of Albemarle (age 58) the last year. I took it home with me, and will copy it, having the former, being also mightily pleased with it. So after reading it, I to Sir W. Pen (age 45) to discourse a little with him about the business of our prizes, and so home to supper and to bed.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1667. Lord's Day. Up betimes and down to the Old Swan [Map], there called on Michell and his wife, which in her night linen appeared as pretty almost as ever to my thinking I saw woman. Here I drank some burnt brandy. They shewed me their house, which, poor people, they have built, and is very pretty. I invited them to dine with me, and so away to White Hall to Sir W. Coventry (age 39), with whom I have not been alone a good while, and very kind he is, and tells me how the business is now ordered by order of council for my Lord Bruncker (age 47) to assist Sir J. Minnes (age 67) in all matters of accounts relating to the Treasurer, and Sir W. Pen (age 45) in all matters relating to the victuallers' and pursers' accounts, which I am very glad of, and the more for that I think it will not do me any hurt at all. Other discourse, much especially about the heat the House was in yesterday about the ill management of the Navy, which I was sorry to hear; though I think they were well answered, both by Sir G. Carteret (age 57) and Sir W. Coventry, as he informs me the substance of their speeches.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1668. So to my Lord Crew's (age 70) to dinner, where we hear all the good news of our making a league now with Holland against the French power coming over them, or us which is the first good act that hath been done a great while, and done secretly, and with great seeming wisdom; and is certainly good for us at this time, while we are in no condition to resist the French, if they should come over hither; and then a little time of peace will give us time to lay up something, which these Commissioners of the Treasury are doing; and the world do begin to see that they will do the King's work for him, if he will let them. Here dined Mr. Case, the minister, who, Lord! do talk just as I remember he used to preach, and did tell a pretty story of a religious lady, Queen of Navarre¹ and my Lord also told a good story of Mr. Newman, the Minister in New England, who wrote the Concordance, of his foretelling his death and preaching a funeral sermon, and did at last bid the angels do their office, and died. It seems there is great presumption that there will be a Toleration granted: so that the Presbyterians do hold up their heads; but they will hardly trust the King (age 37) or the Parliament what to yield them, though most of the sober party be for some kind of allowance to be given them.

Note 1. Marguerite de Valois, Queen of Navarre, sister of Francis I of France. The "pretty story" was doubtless from her "Heptameron", a work imitating in title and matter the "Decameron" of Boccaccio. She is said to be the heroine of some of the adventures. It is fair to add that she wrote also the "Miroir dune Ame Pecheresse", translated into English by Queen Elizabeth, the title of whose book was "A Godly Medytacyon of the Christian Soules", published by John Bale in 1548. B.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1668. Thence and home, and then to the 'Change [Map] in the evening, and there Mr. Cade told me how my Lord Gerard (age 50) is likely to meet with trouble, the next sitting of Parliament, about [Carr (age 31)] being set in the pillory; and I am glad of it; and it is mighty acceptable to the world to hear, that, among other reductions, the King (age 37) do reduce his Guards, which do please mightily.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1669. Up; and my wife, and I, and W. Hewer (age 27) to White Hall, where she set us down; and there I spoke with my Lord Peterborough (age 47), to tell him of the day for his dining with me being altered by my Lord Sandwich (age 43) from Friday to Saturday next. And thence heard at the Council-board the City, by their single counsel Symson, and the company of Strangers Merchants, a debate the business of water-baylage; a tax demanded upon all goods, by the City, imported and exported: which these Merchants oppose, and demanding leave to try the justice of the City's demand by a Quo Warranto, which the City opposed, the Merchants did quite lay the City on their backs with great triumph, the City's cause being apparently too weak: but here I observed Mr. Gold, the merchant, to speak very well, and very sharply, against the City.

Pepy's Diary. 20 Jan 1669. Thence to my wife at Unthanke's, and with her and W. Hewer (age 27) to Hercules Pillars, calling to do two or three things by the way, end there dined, and thence to the Duke of York's (age 35) house, and saw "Twelfth Night", as it is now revived; but, I think, one of the weakest plays that ever I saw on the stage. This afternoon, before the play, I called with my wife at Dancre's (age 44), the great landscape-painter, by Mr. Povy's (age 55) advice; and have bespoke him to come to take measure of my dining-room panels, and there I met with the pretty daughter of the coalseller's, that lived in Cheapside, and now in Covent Garden [Map], who hath her picture drawn here, but very poorly; but she is a pretty woman, and now, I perceive, married, a very pretty black woman. So, the play done, we home, my wife letting fall some words of her observing my eyes to be mightily employed in the playhouse, meaning upon women, which did vex me; but, however, when we come home, we were good friends; and so to read, and to supper, and so to bed.

Evelyn's Diary. 20 Jan 1671. The King (age 40) came to me in the Queen's (age 32) withdrawing-room from the circle of ladies, to talk with me as to what advance I had made in the Dutch History. I dined with the Treasurer (age 40), and afterward we went to the Secretary's (age 53) Office, where we conferred about divers particulars.

On 20 Jan 1681 Rachael Fane Countess Bath and Middlesex was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map]. Inscription Rachel Comitissa Henrico digna, vix altera e sexu vel animo, vel virtute aequipollens Rebus demisticis civilibus sacris, ingenio pluaquam virili, at materno (quo suo tempore vix maius dabatur in terris) Ecclesiae Anglicanae Filia humilis, et devota, et iniquis temporibus eiectorum Patrum mater et hie pene unica fautrix Unicum Lugendum quod in se perjisset nobile Bourchieri nomen, ni sat illa habuit virtutum vel illu immortale reddere Er liset improlis plus mille liberorum Parens, quos liberalissime educavit, doravit, sacravit, et nobilitavir Adhuc vivit et nunquam moritura dum his Regionibus supersunt grata pectora.

On 20 Jan 1734 Henry Newport 3rd Earl Bradford (age 51) was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].

Diary of Viscount Egmont afterwards Earl Egmont 1741. 20 Jan 1741. The Committee present were: Mr. Ayers, Hen. Archer, Lord Shaftsbury (age 29), Mr. Smith, Mr. Vernon, who made some progress in the affair and adjourned the affair to Friday.

Diary of Viscount Egmont afterwards Earl Egmont 1741. 20 Jan 1741. This affair prevented my attending the committee at the Georgia Office, which met to consider of the powers for the President entered to be appointed at Savannah. I learned Sir Robert Walpole (age 64) was not down at the House of Commons early enough to declare the King's consent to our petition for money, but that he came after the order of the day was called for, which was a sUght of the Trustees.

Diary of Viscount Egmont afterwards Earl Egmont 1741. 20 Jan 1741. Tuesday. This morning died my brother-in-law, Sir Philip Parker (age 59), at 3 o'clock, choked by one of those fits he has for 12 weeks past had at sundry times. He was last night as well or rather better than at any time before. I spent a great part of the day with Lady Parker and my nieces. At night, the will and codicil were opened in presence of Mrs. East, Lady Parker's mother, Mr. Gilbert East, Lady Parker's brother, my 2 nieces, Mrs. Gosset and myself, wherein Lady Parker and my niece Martha (age 25), the eldest, are left executors, and myself, Mr. Gilbert East and Mr. Kirk, the counsellor, who drew the will, are made trustees. The estate is divided between my nieces; the Wiltshire and what lies in some other places to my niece Martha: and the Suffolk estate to my niece Elizabeth (age 24). He left divers legacies and,among the others, 50Z. to my wife (age 51), 20 guineas to my son (age 29), 100?. to each of the Trustees, 101. to my cousin Fortrey and 500Z. to my niece Bering. He ordered to be buried at Arwarton, Suffolk. The will we judged very ill and confusedly drawn, but happily the persons concerned are only my Lady Parker and her two daughters. In case of my nieces' death without children, their estates go to the heirs general, which are my wife and niece Bering. It is surprising that he mentioned not the places in the Funds where his money lies, but only bequeathed his personal estate in general terms, and that he kept no book of receipts and disbursements whereby might be known where his ready money lies, which I have to reason to suppose is more than 30,000l, but Mr. Gosset believes it nearer 50,000?.

Greville Memoirs. 20 Jan 1832. London. Came up on Monday last. I have been changing my house, and so occupied that I have not had time to write. Wharncliffe (age 55) came to town on Wednesday, and came straight to my office to give me an account of his interview with the King, in which it appears as if he had said much about what he ought, and no more. He told his Majesty that the reports which had been circulated as to the disposition and intentions of himself and his friends, and the argument for the necessity of making Peers, which he understood to have been founded on these reports, had compelled him to ask for this audience, that he wished to explain to his Majesty that he (Lord Wharncliffe) had no intention of opposing the second reading of the Reform Bill as he had done before, that he had reason to believe that many others would adopt the same course, and if Ministers showed a moderate and conciliating disposition in the House of Commons, he was persuaded they would have no difficulty in carrying the second reading in the House of Lords. He then implored the King well to consider the consequences of such a coup d'état as this creation of Peers would be; to look at what had happened in France, and to bear in mind that if this was done for one purpose, and by one Government, the necessity would infallibly arise of repeating it again by others, or for other objects. He was with the King an hour dilating upon this theme. The King was extremely kind, heard him with great patience, and paid him many compliments, and when he took leave told him that he was extremely glad to have had this conversation with him. Sir Herbert Taylor gave Lord Wharncliffe to understand that he had made an impression, only impressions on the mind of the King are impressions on sand. However, from Taylor's cautious hints to him to persevere, it is likely that he did do good. He is himself persuaded that his audience principally produced the delay in the creation of Peers.

Greville Memoirs. 20 Jan 1832. Yesterday morning he came to me again, very desponding. He had found Harrowby in a state of despair, uncertain what he should do, and looking upon the game as lost, and he had been with the Duke of Wellington, who was impracticably obstinate, declaring that nothing should prevent his opposing a Bill which he believed in his conscience to be pregnant with certain ruin to the country; that he did not care to be a great man (he meant by this expression a man of great wealth and station), and that he could contentedly sink into any station that circumstances might let him down to, but he never would consent to be a party directly or indirectly to such a measure as this, and, feeling as he did, he was resolved to do his utmost to throw it out, without regard to consequences. Wharncliffe (age 55) said he was quite in despair, for that he knew the Duke's great influence, and that if he and Harrowby endeavoured to form a party against his views, they had no chance of making one sufficiently strong to cope with him. He spoke with great and rather unusual modesty of himself, and of his inadequacy for this purpose; that Harrowby might do more, and would have greater influence, but that he was so undecided and so without heart and spirit that he would not bestir himself. However, he acknowledged that nothing else was left to be done.

Greville Memoirs. 20 Jan 1832. In the meantime he was not idle at Brighton. Lord Ailesbury, who saw the King, consulted Wharncliffe (age 55), and agreed at last to tell the King that his sentiments were the same as those which Lord Wharncliffe had expressed to him, and Lord Kinnoull and Lord Gage have promised him their proxies.

After 20 Jan 1857. Monument at St Mary the Virgin Church, Overton to Hugh William Jardine Ethelston Peel killed in action 1945.

After 20 Jan 1857. Monument at St Mary the Virgin Church, Overton to Lieutenant-Colonel Ebenezer Jones and his wife Caroline Rainier.

After 20 Jan 1870. Church of the Holy Trinity Arrow, Warwickshire [Map]. Monument to Admiral George Francis Seymour-Conway (deceased) sculpted by Prince Victor of Hohenlohe Langenburg Count Gleichen (age 36).