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On this Day in History ... 22nd March

22 Mar is in March.

871 Battle of Merton

1322 Battle of Boroughbridge

1421 Battle of Baugé

1616 Thomas Overbury Murder and Trial of his Murderers

1666 Great Plague of London

1668 Bawdy House Riots

1670 Lord Ross Divorce

1683 Rye House Plot

1694 Turkish Fleet Disaster

1741 Battle of Cartgenas

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 22nd March

Around 22 Mar 871 Halfdan Ragnarsson defeated the Wessex army led by King Æthelred of Wessex (age 24) and King Alfred "The Great" of Wessex (age 22) at the Battle of Merton. The location of 'Marton' is not known; suggestions include Marden, Wiltshire in Wiltshire and Winterborne St Martin, Dorset. Bishop Heahmund of Wessex was killed.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Around 22 Mar 871. About two months after this, King Ethered (age 24) and Alfred (age 22) his brother fought with the army at Marden. They were in two divisions; and they put them both to flight, enjoying the victory for some time during the day; and there was much slaughter on either hand; but the Danes became masters of the field; and there was slain Bishop Heahmund, with many other good men. After this fight came a vast army in the summer to Reading. And after the Easter of this year died King Ethered (age 24). He reigned five years, and his body lies at Winburn-minster [Map]. Then Alfred (age 22), his brother, the son of Ethelwulf, took to the kingdom of Wessex.

On 22 Mar 880 Carloman King Bavaria (age 51) died.

After 22 Mar 1354. Monument to Edmund Cornwall (deceased) at St Mary's Church, Burford [Map]. Early Plate Bascinet and Gorget Period. Feet resting on a Lion. Curious laminated gorget.

Edmund Cornwall: Edmund Cornwall and Elizabeth Brampton were married. He a great grandson of King John "Lackland" of England. Around 1280 he was born to Richard Cornwall and Joan Fitzalan at Asthall Leigh, Oxfordshire. He a great grandson of King John "Lackland" of England. On 22 Mar 1354 Edmund Cornwall died at Cleobury Mortimer, Shropshire. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Burford.

On 22 Mar 1421 the Dauphin's (age 18) French army and a Scottish army heavily defeated the English army at the Battle of Baugé. On the French side Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" fought. On the Scottish side John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan (age 40) and John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux (age 41) fought. William Douglas (age 37) was killed.

On the English side John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset (age 18), Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 44), Thomas Beaufort Count Perche (age 16) and John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter (age 26) were captured. John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset (age 18) would be captive for the next seventeen years. Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 44) was released in 1422. Thomas Beaufort Count Perche (age 16) was released around 1427 in a prisoner exchange.

Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence (age 32) was killed in battle. Duke Clarence extinct.

John Lumley (age 38) was killed in battle.

John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) was killed in battle. His brother Thomas Ros 8th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 13) succeeded 8th Baron Ros Helmsley.

William Ros (age 24), and Gilbert V Umfraville were killed.

John Grey 1st Earl Tankerville (age 37) was killed in battle. His son Henry Grey 2nd Earl Tankerville (age 3) succeeded 2nd Earl Tankerville.

William Douglas 1st Lord Drumlanrig was present.

After 22 Mar 1421 John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) was buried at Belvoir Priory [Map]. His remains and monument were subsequently relocated to the Chancel of St Mary the Virgin Church, Bottesford, Leicestershire [Map]. Early Plate Bascinet Period.

John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley: Around 1397 he was born to William Ros 6th Baron Ros Helmsley and Margaret Fitzalan Baroness Ros of Helmsley. On 01 Sep 1414 William Ros 6th Baron Ros Helmsley died. His son John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley succeeded 7th Baron Ros Helmsley. Before 22 Mar 1421 John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley and Margery Despencer 3rd Baroness Despencer, Baroness Ros were married. She by marriage Baroness Ros Helmsley. They were third cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry III of England.

Detail of Lancastrian Esses Collar and the trefoil fixing holding the Lancastrian Esses Collar to the bottom of the Camail.

Detail of the Ros Peacock Crest which surmounted his Great Helm; only the feet remain.

Detail of the Spaulder and Besagew with some early graffiti.

Detail of the Hourglass Gauntlets and graffiti.

On 22 Mar 1459 Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor was born to Frederick "Peaceful or Fat" Habsburg III Holy Roman Emperor (age 43) and Eleanor Aviz Holy Roman Empress (age 24). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

Diary of Edward VI. 22 Mar 1551. Sir Antony Browne (age 22) sent to the Mete for heriag masse5, with

Note 5. "March xix. This daie sergeant Morgan (age 40) was before the counsaill for heareing masse att Sainct Jones, in the ladie Maries house, ij. or iij. daies past; and not being able to excuse himselfe, bicause that being a learned man he shulde give so yll an example to others, he was comytted to the Fleete [Map]." — "March xxij. This daie sir Anthony Browne, knight, was examined before the counsaill, wheather he had of late hearde any masse or not. Whereunto he answered that indede twiese or thries at the New-hall and once at Rumforde, nowe as my ladie Marie was comeing hither about x. dales past, he had hearde masse: whiche being considered as a notable ill example, was thought requisite to be corrected. And therefore he was comitted to the Fleete [Map].'' (Council Book.) "Item the xxij day of Marche was Palme sonday, and on that daye were put into the Fleete dy vers gentlemen, as sir Antoni Browne, mr. [Morgan] sargant of the lawe, wyth dyvers other, for herynge of masse in my lady Mary's curte at sent Jones [Clerkenwell]." (Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, p. 69.) "Male iiij. This dale sir Anthony Browne (age 22), knight, and Serjeant Morgan were brought before the counsaill, and upon their submission and knowledge of their offences, with warning to beware howe thei erred agayn, thei were dischardged, and set at libertie" (Council Book.) Sir Anthony Browne (age 22) was afterwards made viscount Montague and a knight of the Garter by queen Mary: and the Serjeant became a judge of the queen's bench. (See Machyn's Diary, p. 366.)

Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1556. The Sonday xxij day of Marche was at the Gray-ffrers at Grenwyche was my lord cardenall Polle (age 56) was consecratyd, with x byshopes mytyred-the iij yer of the quen Mare.

Note. P. 102. Consecration of Cardinal Pole. An account of this ceremony, at which the queen (age 40) was present, will be found in Strype, Memorials, iii. 287.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1558. The xxij day of Marche my lord mayre and the althermen whent unto Yeld-Halle [Map], and ther the quen('s) consell cam theder, furst my lord chanseler (age 57), my lord treysorer (age 75), my lord of preve-selle (age 52), the bysshope of Ele (age 52), and ser John Baker, secretore Peter, and mony more, and after whent to my lord mare to dener.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1616. 22 Mar 1616. Upon the 22nd my Lady and I went in a coach to Whingfield and rode about the Park and saw all the woods.1

Note 1. Upon the 24th my Lady Somerset (age 25) was sent by water from Blackfriars as Prisoner to the Tower.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 22 Mar 1617. The 22nd my Cook Hortitius came down from London by Dr Layfield and the Steward came from Buckhurst and told me my Lord (age 28) had not been well, so as his going to London had him put off till the next week and that he had lent out his house to my Lord Keeper for 2 terms till the Lady Derby was gone out of York House, and my Brother Sackville had written to my Lord (age 28) to lend him the letter to bring up my Sister Sackville to town, who was 13 weeks. gone with child. This day I began a new Irish stitch cushion, not one of those for Lady Rich, but finer canvas. The 24th we made rosemary cakes.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1660. Up very early and set things in order at my house, and so took leave of Mrs. Crispe and her daughter (who was in bed) and of Mrs. Hunt. Then to my Lord's lodging at the gate and did so there, where Mr. Hawly came to me and I gave him the key of my house to keep, and he went with me to Mr. Crew's (age 62), and there I took my last leave of him. But the weather continuing very bad my Lord would not go to-day. My Lord spent this morning private in sealing of his last will and testament with Mr. W. Mountagu (age 42). After that I went forth about my own business to buy a pair of riding grey serge stockings and sword and belt and hose, and after that took Wotton and Brigden to the Pope's Head Tavern in Chancery Lane, where Gilb. Holland and Shelston were, and we dined and drank a great deal of wine, and they paid all. Strange how these people do now promise me anything; one a rapier, the other a vessel of wine or a gun, and one offered me his silver hatband to do him a courtesy. I pray God to keep me from being proud or too much lifted up hereby.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1663. So home and to church, where a dull formall fellow that prayed for the Right Hon. John Lord Barkeley (age 61), Lord President of Connaught, &c.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1663. So home to dinner, and after dinner my wife and I and her woman by coach to Westminster, where being come too soon for the Christening we took up Mr. Creed and went out to take some ayre, as far as Chelsey and further, I lighting there and letting them go on with the coach while I went to the church expecting to see the young ladies of the school, Ashwell desiring me, but I could not get in far enough, and so came out and at the coach's coming back went in again and so back to Westminster, and led my wife and her to Captain Ferrers, and I to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), and with him talking a good while; I find the Court would have this Indulgence go on, but the Parliament are against it. Matters in Ireland are full of discontent.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1665. Thence to Mr. Povy's (age 51), and with Creed to the 'Change [Map] and to my house, but, it being washing day, dined not at home, but took him (I being invited) to Mr. Hubland's, the merchant, where Sir William Petty (age 41), and abundance of most ingenious men, owners and freighters of "The Experiment", now going with her two bodies to sea. Most excellent discourse. Among others, Sir William Petty (age 41) did tell me that in good earnest he hath in his will left such parts of his estate to him that could invent such and such things. As among others, that could discover truly the way of milk coming into the breasts of a woman; and he that could invent proper characters to express to another the mixture of relishes and tastes. And says, that to him that invents gold, he gives nothing for the philosopher's stone; for (says he) they that find out that, will be able to pay themselves. But, says he, by this means it is better than to give to a lecture; for here my executors, that must part with this, will be sure to be well convinced of the invention before they do part with their money.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1666. After dinner to my office close, and did very much business, and so late home to supper and to bed. The plague increased four this week, which troubles me, though but one in the whole.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1667. Up and by coach to Sir Ph. Warwicke (age 57) about business for Tangier about money, and then to Sir Stephen Fox (age 39) to give him account of a little service I have done him about money coming to him from our office, and then to Lovett's and saw a few baubling things of their doing which are very pretty, but the quality of the people, living only by shifts, do not please me, that it makes me I do no more care for them, nor shall have more acquaintance with them after I have got my Baroness Castlemayne's (age 26) picture home.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1667. So to White Hall, where the King (age 36) at Chapel, and I would not stay, but to Westminster to Howlett's, and there, he being not well, I sent for a quart of claret and burnt it and drank, and had a 'basado' or three or four of Sarah, whom 'je trouve ici', and so by coach to Sir Robt. Viner's (age 36) about my accounts with him, and so to the 'Change [Map], where I hear for certain that we are going on with our treaty of peace, and that we are to treat at Bredah. But this our condescension people do think will undo us, and I do much fear it.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1667. So home and to the office, where did business, and so home to my chamber, and then to supper and to bed. Landing at the Tower [Map] to-night I met on Tower Hill [Map] with Captain Cocke (age 50) and spent half an hour walking in the dusk of the evening with him, talking of the sorrowful condition we are in, that we must be ruined if the Parliament do not come and chastize us, that we are resolved to make a peace whatever it cost, that the King (age 36) is disobliging the Parliament in this interval all that may be, yet his money is gone and he must have more, and they likely not to give it, without a great deal of do. God knows what the issue of it will be. But the considering that the Duke of York (age 33), instead of being at sea as Admirall, is now going from port to port, as he is at this day at Harwich, Essex [Map], and was the other day with the King (age 36) at Sheernesse [Map], and hath ordered at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map] how fortifications shall be made to oppose the enemy, in case of invasion, [which] is to us a sad consideration, and as shameful to the nation, especially after so many proud vaunts as we have made against the Dutch, and all from the folly of the Duke of Albemarle (age 58), who made nothing of beating them, and Sir John Lawson he always declared that we never did fail to beat them with lesser numbers than theirs, which did so prevail with the King (age 36) as to throw us into this war.

Around 22 Mar 1668, Easter Day, the 1668 Bawdy House Riots were riots over several days caused by Dissenters who resented the King's proclamation against conventicles aka private lay worship while turning a blind eye to the equally illegal brothels. Thousands of young men besieged and demolished brothels throughout the East End, assaulting the prostitutes and looting the properties.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1669. Thence to the Treasury-Chamber, and there all the morning to my great grief, put to do Sir G. Downing's (age 44) work of dividing the Customes for this year, between the Navy, the Ordnance and Tangier: but it did so trouble my eyes, that I had rather have given £20 than have had it to do; but I did thereby oblige Sir Thomas Clifford (age 38) and Sir J. Duncombe, and so am glad of the opportunity to recommend myself to the former for the latter I need not, he loving me well already. At it till noon, here being several of my brethren with me but doing nothing, but I all. But this day I did also represent to our Treasurers, which was read here, a state of the charge of the Navy, and what the expence of it this year would likely be; which is done so as it will appear well done and to my honour, for so the Lords did take it: and I oblige the Treasurers by doing it, at their request.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Mar 1669. Thence with W. Hewer (age 27) at noon to Unthanke's, where my wife stays for me and so to the Cocke (age 52), where there was no room, and thence to King Street, to several cook's shops, where nothing to be had; and at last to the corner shop, going down Ivy Lane, by my Lord of Salisbury's, and there got a good dinner, my wife, and W. Newer, and I: and after dinner she, with her coach, home; and he and I to look over my papers for the East India Company, against the afternoon: which done, I with them to White Hall, and there to the Treasury-Chamber, where the East India Company and three Councillors pleaded against me alone, for three or four hours, till seven at night, before the Lords; and the Lords did give me the conquest on behalf of the King (age 38), but could not come to any conclusion, the Company being stiff: and so I think we shall go to law with them. This done, and my eyes mighty bad with this day's work, I to Mr. Wren's, and then up to the Duke of York (age 35), and there with Mr. Wren (age 40) did propound to him my going to Chatham, Kent [Map] to-morrow with Commissioner Middleton, and so this week to make the pay there, and examine the business of "The Defyance" being lost, and other businesses, which I did the rather, that I might be out of the way at the wedding, and be at a little liberty myself for a day, or two, to find a little pleasure, and give my eyes a little ease. The Duke of York (age 35) mightily satisfied with it; and so away home, where my wife troubled at my being so late abroad, poor woman! though never more busy, but I satisfied her; and so begun to put things in order for my journey to-morrow, and so, after supper, to bed.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1670. I went to Westminster, where in the House of Lords I saw his Majesty (age 39) sit on his throne, but without his robes, all the peers sitting with their hats on; the business of the day being the divorce of my Lord Ross. Such an occasion and sight had not been seen in England since the time of Henry VIII.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1675. The Map of Ireland made by Sir William Petty (age 51) is believed to be the most exact that ever yet was made of any country. He did promise to publish it; and I am told it has cost him near £1,000 to have it engraved at Amsterdam. There is not a better Latin poet living, when he gives himself that diversion; nor is his excellence less in Council and prudent matters of state; but he is so exceedingly nice in sifting and examining all possible contingencies, that he adventures at nothing which is not demonstration. There was not in the whole world his equal for a superintendent of manufacture and improvement of trade, or to govern a plantation. If I were a Prince, I should make him my second Counsellor, at least. There is nothing difficult to him. He is, besides, courageous; on which account, I cannot but note a true story of him, that when Sir Aleyn Brodrick sent him a challenge upon a difference between them in Ireland, Sir William (age 51), though exceedingly purblind, accepted the challenge, and it being his part to propound the weapon, desired his antagonist to meet him with a hatchet, or axe, in a dark cellar; which the other, of course, refused.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1675. Supped at Sir William Petty's (age 51), with the Bishop of Salisbury, and divers honorable persons. We had a noble entertainment in a house gloriously furnished; the master (age 51) and mistress (age 39) of it were extraordinary persons. Sir William (age 51) was the son of a mean man somewhere in Sussex, and sent from school to Oxford, where he studied Philosophy, but was most eminent in Mathematics and Mechanics; proceeded Doctor of Physic, and was grown famous, as for his learning so for his recovering a poor wench that had been hanged for felony; and her body having been begged (as the custom is) for the anatomy lecture, he bled her, put her to bed to a warm woman, and, with spirits and other means, restored her to life. The young scholars joined and made a little portion, and married her to a man who had several children by her, she living fifteen years after, as I have been assured. Sir William (age 51) came from Oxford to be tutor to a neighbor of mine; thence, when the rebels were dividing their conquests in Ireland, he was employed by them to measure and set out the land, which he did on an easy contract, so much per acre. This he effected so exactly, that it not only furnished him with a great sum of money; but enabled him to purchase an estate worth £4,000 a year. He afterward married the daughter of Sir Hardress Waller; she was an extraordinary wit as well as beauty, and a prudent woman.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1675. Sir William (age 51) was, with all this, facetious and of easy conversation, friendly and courteous, and had such a faculty of imitating others, that he would take a text and preach, now like a grave orthodox divine, then falling into the Presbyterian way, then to the fanatical, the Quaker, the monk and friar, the Popish priest, with such admirable action, and alteration of voice and tone, as it was not possible to abstain from wonder, and one would swear to hear several persons, or forbear to think he was not in good earnest an enthusiast and almost beside himself; then, he would fall out of it into a serious discourse; but it was very rarely he would be prevailed on to oblige the company with this faculty, and that only among most intimate friends. My Lord Duke of Ormond (age 64) once obtained it of him, and was almost ravished with admiration; but by and by, he fell upon a serious reprimand of the faults and miscarriages of some Princes and Governors, which, though he named none, did so sensibly touch the Duke, who was then Lieutenant of Ireland, that he began to be very uneasy, and wished the spirit laid which he had raised, for he was neither able to endure such truths, nor could he but be delighted. At last, he melted his discourse to a ridiculous subject, and came down from the joint stool on which he had stood; but my lord would not have him preach any more. He never could get favor at Court, because he outwitted all the projectors that came near him. Having never known such another genius, I cannot but mention these particulars, among a multitude of others which I could produce. When I, who knew him in mean circumstances, have been in his splendid palace, he would himself be in admiration how he arrived at it; nor was it his value or inclination for splendid furniture and the curiosities of the age, but his elegant lady could endure nothing mean, or that was not magnificent. He was very negligent himself, and rather so of his person, and of a philosophic temper. "What a to-do is here!" would he say, "I can lie in straw with as much satisfaction"..

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1675. Sir William (age 51), among other inventions, was author of the double-bottomed ship, which perished, and he was censured for rashness, being lost in the Bay of Biscay in a storm, when, I think, fifteen other vessels miscarried. This vessel was flat-bottomed, of exceeding use to put into shallow ports, and ride over small depths of water. It consisted of two distinct keels cramped together with huge timbers, etc., so as that a violent stream ran between; it bore a monstrous broad sail, and he still persists that it is practicable, and of exceeding use; and he has often told me he would adventure himself in such another, could he procure sailors, and his Majesty's (age 44) permission to make a second Experiment; which name the King (age 44) gave the vessel at the launching.

On 22 Mar 1676 Anne Clifford Countess Dorset and Pembroke (age 86) died at Brougham Castle [Map]. She was buried in St Lawrence's Church, Appleby-in-Westmoreland [Map]. Free-standing with Reredos displying family tree.

Before 21 Mar 1683 the Rye House Plot was an attempt to assassinate King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 52) and his brother King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 49) as they passed Rye House, Hoddesdon when were returning from the races at Newmarket, Suffolk on 01 Apr 1683. In the event a fire at Newmarket, Suffolk on the 22 Mar 1683 the races were cancelled.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Mar 1694. Came the dismal news of the disaster befallen our Turkey fleet by tempest, to the almost utter ruin of that trade, the convoy of three or four men-of-war, and divers merchant ships, with all their men and lading, having perished.

On 22 Mar 1741 Aubrey Beauclerk was killed in action during the Battle of Cartgenas.

After 22 Mar 1742. St Martin's Church, Ancaster [Map]. Memorial to John Black.

The London Gazette 9984. Whitehall, March 22 [1760].

The King has been, pleased, in Consideration of the, many great, and eminent Services rendered unto His Majesty by Charles Watson, Esq; deceased, late Vice Admiral of the Red Squadron of His Majesty's Fleet, and Commander in Chief of His Majesty's Ships in the East Indies, to grant unto Charles Watson (age 8), Esq. only Son of the said Charles Watson, and to his Heirs Male, the Dignity of a Baronet of the Kingdom of Great Britain.

The King has been pleased to constitute and appoint James Wallace, Esq; Sir Francis Haskins Eyles Stiles, Bart, the Hon. Horatio Townshend (age 42), Francis Vernon, Esqrs. Sir Roger Burgoyne (age 49), Bart. Robert Pell, Esq; together with John Rule, Esq. Commisioners for Victualling His Majesty's Navy Royal.

The King has been pleased to constitute and appoint John Paul Yvounet, Edward Montagu, Robert Coney, and John Cowsland, together with John Bridges the Younger, Esqrs. to be Commissioners for Appeals and regulating ths Duties of Excise.

On 22 Mar 1767 Francis Russell (age 27) died from a fall from a horse while out hunting.

On 22 Mar 1797 William I King Prussia was born to Frederick William II King Prussia (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland.

Births on the 22nd March

On 22 Mar 1327 Hugh Courtenay was born to Hugh Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 23) and Margaret Bohun Countess Devon (age 15). He a great grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 22 Mar 1368 Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk was born to John Mowbray 4th Baron Mowbray Baron Segrave and Elizabeth Segrave 5th Baroness Segrave Baroness Mowbray. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 22 Mar 1459 Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor was born to Frederick "Peaceful or Fat" Habsburg III Holy Roman Emperor (age 43) and Eleanor Aviz Holy Roman Empress (age 24). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 22 Mar 1599 Anthony Van Dyck was born in Antwerp [Map].

On 22 Mar 1601 John Scudamore 1st Viscount Scudamore was born to James Scudamore (age 33) and Mary Throckmorton (age 61).

On 22 Mar 1615 Katherine Boyle Viscountess Ranelagh was born to Richard Boyle 1st Earl Cork (age 48) and Catherine Fenton Countess Cork (age 30) in Youghal.

On 22 Mar 1649 Charles Holte 3rd Baronet was born to Robert Holte 2nd Baronet (age 24) and Jane Brereton.

On 22 Mar 1672 George Tempest 2nd Baronet was born to John Tempest 1st Baronet (age 27) and Henrietta Cholmley.

Before 22 Mar 1683 Charles Seymour was born to Charles Seymour 6th Duke of Somerset (age 20) and Elizabeth Percy Duchess Somerset (age 16).

On 22 Mar 1684 William Pulteney 1st Earl Bath was born to William Pulteney.

Before 22 Mar 1686 Griffith Williams 6th Baronet was born to Hugh Williams 5th Baronet (age 58) (assuming her wasn't posthumous).

On 22 Mar 1686 James Hamilton 7th Earl Abercorn was born to James Hamilton 6th Earl Abercorn (age 25) and Elizabeth Reading.

On 22 Mar 1728 Anton Raphael Mengs was born.

On 22 Mar 1751 William Tollemache was born to Lionel Tollemache 4th Earl Dysart (age 42) and Grace Carteret Countess Dysart (age 37).

On 22 Mar 1778 Thomas Joseph Trafford 1st Baronet was born.

On 22 Mar 1786 Charles Gough-Calthorpe 2nd Baron Calthorpe was born to Henry Gough-Calthorpe 1st Baron Calthorpe (age 37) and Frances Carpenter Baroness Calthorpe (age 24).

On 22 Mar 1797 William I King Prussia was born to Frederick William II King Prussia (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 22 Mar 1809 Beatrice Trevelyan was born to John Trevelyan 5th Baronet (age 48) and Maria Wilson (age 37).

On 22 Mar 1846 Evelyn Elizabeth Gordon Countess Ancaster was born to Charles Gordon 10th Marquess Huntly (age 54) and Maria Antoinetta Pegus Marchioness Huntly (age 25).

On 22 Mar 1857 Lionel Eldred Pottinger Smith-Gordon 3rd Baronet was born to Lionel Eldred Smith-Gordon 2nd Baronet (age 23) and Fanny Pottinger Lady Smith (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 22 Mar 1869 Gilbert Sackville 8th Earl De La Warr was born to Reginald Windsor Sackville 7th Earl De La Warr (age 52) and Constance Mary Elizabeth Baillie-Cochrane Countess De La Warr (age 23).

On 22 Mar 1882 Schomberg Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis was born to Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis 20th Baron Clinton (age 48) and Margaret Walrond Baroness Clinton (age 32).

On 22 Mar 1904 Arthur Baldwin 3rd Earl Baldwin of Bewdley was born to Stanley Baldwin 1st Earl Baldwin (age 36) and Lucy Ridsdale Countess Baldwin (age 34).

On 22 Mar 1909 Nancy Phyllis Louise Astor Countess Astor was born to Waldorf Astor 2nd Viscount Astor (age 29) and Nancy Witcher Langhorne Viscountess Astor (age 29).

On 22 Mar 1932 Peter Richard David Hoare 8th Baronet was born to Peter William Hoare 7th Baronet (age 33) and Laura Ray Esplen Lady Hoare.

Marriages on the 22nd March

Before 22 Mar 1421 John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) and Margery Despencer 3rd Baroness Despencer, Baroness Ros (age 24) were married. She by marriage Baroness Ros Helmsley. They were third cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry III of England.

After 22 Mar 1678 William Walter 2nd Baronet (age 43) and Mary Bruce (age 20) were married. The difference in their ages was 22 years. She the daughter of Robert Bruce 2nd Earl Elgin 1st Earl Ailesbury (age 52) and Diana Grey Countess Elgin and Ailesbury (age 48).

On 22 Mar 1753 James Brydges 3rd Duke Chandos (age 21) and Margaret Nicol were married. He the son of Henry Brydges 2nd Duke Chandos (age 45) and Mary Bruce.

On 22 Mar 1834 John Bathurst Deane (age 36) and Louisa Elizabeth Fourdrinier were married. They had thirteen children.

Before 22 Mar 1857 Lionel Eldred Smith-Gordon 2nd Baronet (age 23) and Fanny Pottinger Lady Smith (age 24) were married. She by marriage Lady Smith-Gordon of Jamaica. They were first cousins.

On 22 Mar 1891 Henry Abdy 4th Baronet (age 37) and Anna Adele Coronn were married.

On 22 Mar 1951 Ian Campbell 11th Duke of Argyll (age 47) and Margaret Whigham Duchess of Argyll (age 38) were married. She by marriage Duchess Argyll.

Deaths on the 22nd March

Around 22 Mar 871 Halfdan Ragnarsson defeated the Wessex army led by King Æthelred of Wessex (age 24) and King Alfred "The Great" of Wessex (age 22) at the Battle of Merton. The location of 'Marton' is not known; suggestions include Marden, Wiltshire in Wiltshire and Winterborne St Martin, Dorset. Bishop Heahmund of Wessex was killed.

On 22 Mar 880 Carloman King Bavaria (age 51) died.

On 22 Mar 1329 Robert Capet V Count Dreux (age 36) died. His brother John Capet III Count Dreux (age 34) succeeded III Count Dreux.

On 22 Mar 1421 the Dauphin's (age 18) French army and a Scottish army heavily defeated the English army at the Battle of Baugé. On the French side Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" fought. On the Scottish side John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan (age 40) and John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux (age 41) fought. William Douglas (age 37) was killed.

On the English side John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset (age 18), Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 44), Thomas Beaufort Count Perche (age 16) and John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter (age 26) were captured. John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset (age 18) would be captive for the next seventeen years. Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 44) was released in 1422. Thomas Beaufort Count Perche (age 16) was released around 1427 in a prisoner exchange.

Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence (age 32) was killed in battle. Duke Clarence extinct.

John Lumley (age 38) was killed in battle.

John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) was killed in battle. His brother Thomas Ros 8th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 13) succeeded 8th Baron Ros Helmsley.

William Ros (age 24), and Gilbert V Umfraville were killed.

John Grey 1st Earl Tankerville (age 37) was killed in battle. His son Henry Grey 2nd Earl Tankerville (age 3) succeeded 2nd Earl Tankerville.

William Douglas 1st Lord Drumlanrig was present.

In 22 Mar 1454 Cardinal John Kempe (age 74) died.

On 22 Mar 1458 Antoine Count of Vaudémont (age 58) died.

On 22 Mar 1603 Robert Seton 1st Earl Winton (age 50) died.

On 22 Mar 1676 Anne Clifford Countess Dorset and Pembroke (age 86) died at Brougham Castle [Map]. She was buried in St Lawrence's Church, Appleby-in-Westmoreland [Map]. Free-standing with Reredos displying family tree.

Around 22 Mar 1690 William Middleton 1st Baronet (age 78) died. His son John Middleton 2nd Baronet (age 12) succeeded 2nd Baronet Middleton of Belsay Castle in Northumberland.

On 22 Mar 1714 Elizabeth Churchill Countess Bridgewater (age 27) died.

On 22 Mar 1715 Richard Bellew 3rd Baron Bellew died. His son John Bellew 4th Baron Bellew (age 13) succeeded 3rd Baron Bellew of Duleek.

On 22 Mar 1715 Francis Wyndham 3rd Baronet (age 61) died. His grandson Francis Wyndham 4th Baronet (age 8) succeeded 4th Baronet Wyndham of Trent.

On 22 Mar 1730 Elizabeth Manners Viscountess Galway (age 21) died.

On 22 Mar 1753 Thomas Trevor 2nd Baron Trevor Bromham (age 61) died. His brother John Trevor 3rd Baron Trevor (age 57) succeeded 3rd Baron Trevor Bromham.

On 22 Mar 1754 Charlotte Godfrey Viscountess Falmouth died. She was buried in St Michael Pentivel, Penkevile.

On 22 Mar 1757 Anne Tufton Countess of Salisbury died.

On 22 Mar 1802 James Alexander 1st Earl Caledon (age 72) died at his house in Parnell aka Rutland Square. His son Du Pre Alexander 2nd Earl Caledon (age 24) succeeded 2nd Earl Caledon in County Tyrone. Catherine Yorke Countess Caledon (age 15) by marriage Countess Caledon in County Tyrone.

On 22 Mar 1815 Willoughby Aston 6th Baronet (age 67) died. Baronet Aston of Aston extinct.

On 22 Mar 1834 George Bisshopp 9th Baronet (age 42) died. His son Cecil Augutus Bisshopp 10th Baronet (age 12) succeeded 10th Baronet Bisshopp of Parham in Sussex.

On 22 Mar 1840 John Dalrymple 7th Earl of Stair (age 55) died without issue.

On 22 Mar 1864 George John Hamilton-Gordon 5th Earl Aberdeen (age 47) died.

On 22 Mar 1874 Albert Way (age 68) died.

On 22 Mar 1883 Jane Elizabeth Liddell Viscountess Barrington (age 78) died.

On 22 Mar 1886 Augusta Mary Minna Catherine Lyons Duchess Norfolk (age 64) died at Norfolk House, St James' Square. She was buried at the Fitzalan Chapel, Arundel Castle [Map].

On 22 Mar 1922 John Granville Cornwallis Eliot 6th Earl St Germans (age 31) died of an injury sustained during a point to point at Wrangton Totnes, Devon. His first cousin Granville Eliot 7th Earl of St Germans (age 54) succeeded 7th Earl St Germans, 8th Baron Eliot of St Germans in Cornwall.

On 22 Mar 2003 Richard La Touche Colthurst 9th Baronet (age 74) died. His son Charles St John Colthurst 10th Baronet (age 47) succeeded 10thth Baronet Colthurst of Ardum in County Cork.