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On this Day in History ... 6th March

06 Mar is in March.

1400 Death of Richard II

1536 Funeral of Catherine of Aragon

1536 Anne Boleyn's Miscarriage

1662 Great Storm

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 6th March

John of Worcester. 06 Mar 1052. Elfgiva Emma (age 67), wife of the kings Ethelred and Canute, died at Winchester, Hampshire [Map] on the second of the nones [the 6th] of March, and was buried there.

John of Worcester. After 06 Mar 1052. In the same year, Griffyth, king of Wales, ravaged a great part of Herefordshire: the inhabitants of that province, with some Normans from a castle, flew to arms and attacked him; but, having slain a great number of them, he obtained the victory and carried off much plunder. This battle was fought on the same day on which, fourteen years before, the Welsh slew Edwin, earl Leofric's brother, in an ambuscade.

John of Worcester. After 06 Mar 1052. A short time afterwards, earl Harold (age 30) and his brother Leofwine (age 17), returning from Ireland, and sailing into the mouth of the river Severn with a large fleet, landed on the borders of Somersetshire and Dorsetshire, and plundered many villages and farms in those parts. A great number of the people of Devonshire and Somersetshire gathered together in arms against them; but Harold (age 30) defeated them with the loss of more than thirty noble thanes, and many others. He then returned to his fleet with the booty, and sailed round Penwithsteort.68 Thereupon, king Edward (age 49) quickly despatched forty ships, well provisioned, and having on board a chosen body of soldiers, to the port of Sandwich, Kent [Map], with orders to wait and look out for the arrival of earl Godwin (age 51). Notwithstanding this, he escaped observation, and, returning with a few ships, landed in Kent; and, by his secret emissaries, gained over to espouse his cause, first, the Kentishmen, and then the people of Sussex, Essex, and Surrey, with all the seamen69 of Hastings and other places on the sea-coast, besides some others. All these, with one voice, declared that they were ready to live or die with him.

Note 68. Penwith-Steort—the Land's End.

Note 69. Butsecarles—Boats-carles. Our author uses the word again, a few sentences later, in the general sense of mariners, seamen.

Calendars. 06 Mar 1308 King Edward II of England (age 23). Westminster Palace [Map]. To Thomas de la Hide, late steward of Cornwall and Sheriff of the same. Order to deliver to Peter de Gavaston (age 24), knight, all the ferms, rents, and issues of the said County from Michaelmas last, and of the lands of the late Edmund Earl of Cornwall, the king having granted to the said Peter the county of Cornwall, and all the lands of the said Edmund.

The like to John de Tresimple, for the ferms, etc., of the manor, etc.

The like to Walter de Gloucester, escheator this side of Trent, for the ferms, etc., of the manors.

On 06 Mar 1340 John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster was born to King Edward III of England (age 27) and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 25) at the Prinsenhof Palace [Map] in Ghent aka Gaunt. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.00%.

On 14 Feb 1400 (exact date not known) King Richard II (age 33) died at Pontefract Castle [Map] where he had been imprisoned three months before; possibly murdered, possibly starved to death. His death was a consequence of the Epiphany Rising; he was still considered a threat. His first cousin Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 5th Countess Ulster de jure Heir to the Throne of England since she was the daughter of Lionel Plantagenet 1st Duke of Clarence. She at this time had four children with her husband Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl Ulster. The new King Henry IV (age 32) ignored her claim.

On 17 Feb 1400 Richard's (deceased) corpse was displayed at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].

On 06 Mar 1400 Richard's (deceased) remains were buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map].

On 06 Mar 1405 John II King Castile was born to Henry III King Castile (age 25) and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile (age 31). He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.15%.

Stonor Letters 06 Mar 1478. 06 Mar 1478. Elizabeth Croke (age 38) to William Stonor (age 28).

Ryght reverent and worschypffull and interely best belovyde husbonde, I recomaunde me unto you in the most harteyste wyse hever more desyryng to here off your goode wellfare, the wyche I pray God longe to contune unto your hartys desyr. Syr, I resayved a tokyn ffrom you by Tawbose, my lorde Lovellys (age 22) sarvant. And Syr, I have sent my lorde Lovell a tokyn and my ladys, as ye comaunde me to do, schuche as schalle plese them. Syr, ye schalle understonde that þe beschope off Bathe (age 58) ys browthe in to the Towre [Map] syne you departyd. Allso Syr, ye schalle understonde that þe wolle hooys departe, as to morw is, ffor as I understonde: I pray Jhesu by thayr goode spede: and Goodard. [Goddard Oxbryge.] departys allso: and I pray you that ye wylle sende me som off your sarvantys and myne to wayte upone me, ffor now I ame ryght bare off sarvantys, and þat ye know well. Syr, I sent you halffe a honder welkys by Gardenar, and I wollde have sent you som hoder desys, but truly I cowde not get none: but and I cane get hony to morow, syr Wylliam salle bryng hyt with hym. Syr, I pray you that I may be recomaundehyde unto my masterys your moder, and unto all goode ffrendys. No more unto you at thys tym, but þe blesyde Trenyte have you in hys kepyng now and hever. Amen. At London þe vj day off Marche.

Cossen, I was crasyd þat the makyng off thys letter, but I thanke God I am ryght well amendyd, blesyd by Jhesu.

By your owen wyff Elysabeth Stonore.

To my ryght reverent and worschypffull Cosyn, syr Wyllm. Stonor, knyght.

Hall's Chronicle 1522. 06 Mar 1522. Also, the sixth day of Marche, the French King (age 27) commanded all Englishmen’s goods being in Bordeaux, to be attached and put under arrest and likewise detained the King’s, which he should have out of France, and also the French Queens dowry and when the King (age 30) sent to him for it, he ever gave fair words, and made delays, but none was paid, and ever the Ambassador promised fair.

Calendars. 06 Mar 1536. 35. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.. Since the above was written I have had a letter from the Imperial ambassador in France, in date of the 15th ultimo, intimating that, according to news received from England, the King wished to marry the Princess to a gentleman of his kingdom, and that king Francis had told the Imperial ambassador that in consequence of a fall from his horse king Henry had been two hours unconscious without speech1; seeing which Ana Bolans (age 35) (Boleyn) was so struck that she actually miscarried of a son. Great news these, for which we are bound to thank God, because, were the Princess to be married as reported, she may at once be considered out of danger; for her marriage may hereafter be dissolved and declared null, as it would effectually be owing to the violence used, and the evident fear the Princess has of her life, should she not consent to it. At any rate, it must be owned that though the King himself was not converted like St. Paul after his fall, at least his adulterous wife (age 35) has miscarried of a son.

Note 1. Que el Rey de Inglaterra auia caitlo con su cavallo, y estado mas de dos horas sin habla, de lo qual la Ana (age 35) tuvo tan grande alteracion que movió un hijo." [That the King of England had fallen with his horse and remained without speech for more than two hours, causing such a great disturbance to Ana that she gave birth to a child.]

Letters 1536. 06 Mar 1536. The Queen was buried as princess, at an abbey 18 miles from where she died, called Yperveru (Peterborough). The King only sent some ladies to assist in the interment. No exequies or honors were performed in London, but only at a town on the road (de camino) called Octuiton (?).

Calendars. 06 Mar 1536. 35. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress..

His last letter, announcing the death and martyrdom of the Queen of England, was dated the 30th of January.

Since then he (Ortiz) has received one, dated the 19th of January, [from Chapuys?], informing him that the Princess (age 20) (Mary) was in good health. The Queen before dying showed well what her whole life had been; for not only did she ask for, and receive, all the sacraments ordained by the Church, but answered the questions put by the priest with such ardour and devotion that all present were edified. Some of those who were by her bedside, having suggested that it was not yet time to receive the sacrament of Extreme Unction, she replied that she wished to hear and understand everything that was said, and make fitting answers. She preserved her senses to the last, &c.

They say that when the king of England (age 44) heard of the death of his Queen, dressed in mauve silk as he was at the time, and with a white feather in his cap, he went to solace himself with the ladies of the palace. In fact it may well be said of him and of his kingdom what the Prophet Isaias says, cap. lvii., "Justus periet, et non est qui recogitet in corde suo, et viri misericordia colliguntur quia non est qui intelligat."

Her Highness the Queen was buried with the honours of a Princess [dowager], 18 miles from the place where she died, at an abbey called Yperberu [Map] (Peterborough), the King having only sent thither some ladies of his Court to attend the funeral. The King and the concubine (age 35) were not in London, but at a place on the road called Octinton [Map] [Huntingdon].

Calendars. 06 Mar 1536. 35. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.. The King having sent his ambassadors into Scotland to persuade the king (age 23) of that country to separate from, and refuse obedience to, the Apostolic See, it happened that the very day and moment when the English were delivering their embassy a storm arose, and a most tremendous clap of thunder was heard, at which king James (age 23) horrified rose from his seat, crossed himself, and exclaimed, "I scarcely know which of the two things has caused me most fear and horror, that thunder and lightning we have just heard, or the proposition you have made me." After which, and in the very presence of the English ambassadors, he ordered unconditional obedience to the Church to be proclaimed throughout his dominions.

Calendars. 06 Mar 1536. 35. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress. Anne Bolans (age 35) is now in fear of the King deserting her one of these days, in order to marry another lady (age 27).

Letters 1536. 06 Mar 1536. La Ana (age 35) fears now that the King will leave her to make another marriage. The King has sent ambassadors to Scotland to ask the King to separate himself from the See Apostolic. During their audience there was a great storm and thunder, at which the Scotch king was much frightened, and, crossing himself, said he did not know whether to be more frightened at the thunder or their proposals. He ordered a sermon to be preached before the ambassadors on the obedience due to the Church.

When the Queen's death was known here the bull for the King's privation was already sealed. It has not been published, but the executorials in the principal cause have been obtained, with no little trouble to get them before the Queen's death was known. Rome, 6 March 1536.

Calendars. 06 Mar 1536. 35. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.. Here, at Rome, when the news of the good Queen's death arrived, the Papal bull excommunicating king Henry for his iniquitous conduct, and depriving him of his kingdom, was already sealed and closed. Since then nothing further has been done in the matter, but the executory letters (executoriales) in the principal cause have actually been taken out, though with no small trouble.-Rome, 6 March 1536.

Letters 1536. 06 Mar 1536. Add. MS. 28,588, f. 223. B. M. 427. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.

Wrote last about the death of the queen of England. Does not know whether the letter was delivered. Understands by a letter of Jan. 29 that the Princess is well. The Queen by the holiness of her death showed what her life had been. She asked for and received all the sacraments ordained by the Church, and uttered the responses with such ardent love of God and devotion that all those present were much consoled, seeing the certainty of her being crowned in glory for her martyrdom. On being told that it was very early to receive extreme unction, she replied that she wished to hear, understand, and answer all that was said. She retained her reason to the last.

Imitating the charity of Our Lord and St. Stephen, she prayed God to pardon the King, and to bring back the kingdom to the Catholic faith and obedience to the Church. With this excellent act of charity she ended her troubles. It is said that the King, on hearing of her death, being dressed in purple (morada) silk, and with a white plume, went to pass his time with the ladies.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1547. The sixth daie of March the great scale of England was taken Lord Sir Thomas Wrythesley, Earle of Southampton (age 41) and Chauncelor of office, of Englande, which daie was the second Soundaie of Lente, and so was brought to my Lord Protecter (age 47), and on the morrowe it was delivered to my Lord Sainct John (age 64), my gret mastera, to keepe as conservator of the same till the counsell had sett further order therin.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 06 Mar 1557. The sam day was hangyd at Salysbere in the markett plasse [Map] the lord Sturtun (age 37) for the deth of old master Argylle and yong Argyll ys sune; the wyche they wher shamfully murdered by the lord, and dyvers of ys servandes; the wyche he mad grett lamentasyon at ys deth for that wyllfull ded that was done, and sayd as he was on the ladder (unfinished).

Diary of Isabella Twysden 1645. 06 Mar 1645. the 6 of march 1644 between one and 2 in the morning I was brought a bed of a boye, the 7 he was chrissened and named charles, the gossops were my bro: Tho: and Era: Twysden and my la: astlye, Jamme stode for Mr. he was borne at peckham being thursday.

Evelyn's Diary. 06 Mar 1652. Saw the magnificent funeral of that arch-rebel, Ireton, carried in pomp from Somerset House [Map] to Westminster [Map], accompanied with divers regiments of soldiers, horse and foot; then marched the mourners, General Cromwell (age 52) (his father-in-law), his mock-parliament-men, officers, and forty poor men in gowns, three led horses in housings of black cloth, two led in black velvet, and his charging horse, all covered over with embroidery and gold, on crimson velvet; then the guidons, ensigns, four heralds, carrying the arms of the State (as they called it), namely, the red cross and Ireland, with the casque, wreath, sword, spurs, etc.; next, a chariot canopied of black velvet, and six horses, in which was the corpse; the pall held up by the mourners on foot; the mace and sword, with other marks of his charge in Ireland (where he died of the plague), carried before in black scarfs. Thus, in a grave pace, drums covered with cloth, soldiers reversing their arms, they proceeded through the streets in a very solemn manner. This Ireton was a stout rebel, and had been very bloody to the King's (age 21) party, witness his severity at Colchester, when in cold blood he put to death those gallant gentlemen, Sir Charles Lucas (age 39) and Sir George Lisle. My cousin, R. Fanshawe (age 43), came to visit me, and informed me of many considerable affairs. Sir Henry Herbert (age 57) presented me with his brother, my Lord Cherbury's book, "De Veritate"..

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1660. Shrove Tuesday. I called Mr. Sheply and we both went up to my Lord's lodgings at Mr. Crew's (age 62), where he bade us to go home again, and get a fire against an hour after. Which we did at White Hall, whither he came, and after talking with him and me about his going to sea, he called me by myself to go along with him into the garden, where he asked me how things were with me, and what he had endeavoured to do with my uncle to get him to do something for me but he would say nothing too. He likewise bade me look out now at this turn some good place, and he would use all his own, and all the interest of his friends that he had in England, to do me good. And asked me whether I could, without too much inconvenience, go to sea as his secretary, and bid me think of it. He also began to talk of things of State, and told me that he should want one in that capacity at sea, that he might trust in, and therefore he would have me to go. He told me also, that he did believe the King (age 29) would come in, and did discourse with me about it, and about the affection of the people and City, at which I was full glad. After he was gone, I waiting upon him through the garden till he came to the Hall, where I left him and went up to my office, where Mr. Hawly brought one to me, a seaman, that had promised Rio to him if he get him a purser's place, which I think to endeavour to do. Here comes my uncle Tom, whom I took to Will's and drank with, poor man, he comes to inquire about the knights of Windsor, of which he desires to get to be one.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1660. This day I hear that the Lords do intend to sit, and great store of them are now in town, and I see in the Hall to-day. Overton at Hull do stand out, but can, it is thought, do nothing; and Lawson (age 45), it is said, is gone with some ships thither, but all that is nothing. My Lord told me, that there was great endeavours to bring in the Protector again; but he told me, too, that he did believe it would not last long if he were brought in; no, nor the King (age 29) neither (though he seems to think that he will come in), unless he carry himself very soberly and well. Every body now drinks the King's (age 29) health without any fear, whereas before it was very private that a man dare do it. Monk (age 51) this day is feasted at Mercers' Hall, and is invited one after another to all the twelve Halls in London! Many think that he is honest yet, and some or more think him to be a fool that would raise himself, but think that he will undo himself by endeavouring it. My mind, I must needs remember, has been very much eased and joyed at my Lord's great expressions of kindness this day, and in discourse thereupon my wife and I lay awake an hour or two in our bed.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1662. This night my new camelott riding coat to my coloured cloth suit came home. More news to-day of our losses at Brampton by the late storm.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1662. So after a little being at Sir W. Batten's (age 61) with Sir G. Carteret (age 52) talking, I went home, and so to my chamber, and then to bed, my mind somewhat troubled about Brampton affairs.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1663. This evening Mr. Povy (age 49) was with me at my office, and tells me that my Lord Sandwich (age 37) is this day so ill that he is much afeard of him, which puts me to great pain, not more for my own sake than for his poor family's.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1666. In the evening being at Sir W. Batten's (age 65), stepped in (for I have not used to go thither a good while), I find my Lord Bruncker (age 46) and Mrs. Williams, and they would of their own accord, though I had never obliged them (nor my wife neither) with one visit for many of theirs, go see my house and my wife; which I showed them and made them welcome with wine and China oranges (now a great rarity since the war, none to be had). There being also Captain Cocke (age 49) and Mrs. Turner (age 43), who had never been in my house since I come to the office before, and Mrs. Carcasse, wife of Mr. Carcasses. My house happened to be mighty clean, and did me great honour, and they mightily pleased with it.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1667. Thence by coach to my Lord Crew's (age 69), where very welcome. Here I find they are in doubt where the Duke of Buckingham (age 39) is; which makes me mightily reflect on the uncertainty of all history, when, in a business of this moment, and of this day's growth, we cannot tell the truth. Here dined my old acquaintance, Mr. Borfett, that was my Lord Sandwich's (age 41) chaplain, and my Lady Wright and Dr. Boreman, who is preacher at St. Gyles's in the Fields, who, after dinner, did give my Lord an account of two papist women lately converted, whereof one wrote her recantation, which he shewed under her own hand mighty well drawn, so as my Lord desired a copy of it, after he had satisfied himself from the Doctor, that to his knowledge she was not a woman under any necessity.

Evelyn's Diary. 06 Mar 1667. I proposed to my Lord Chancellor (age 58), Monsieur Kiviet's (age 40) undertaking to wharf the whole river of Thames, or quay, from the Temple [Map] to the Tower [Map], as far as the fire destroyed, with brick, without piles, both lasting and ornamental.-Great frosts, snow and winds, prodigious at the vernal equinox; indeed it had been a year of prodigies in this nation, plague, war, fire, rain, tempest and comet.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1667. Up, and with Sir W. Pen (age 45) to White Hall by coach, and by the way agreed to acquaint Sir W. Coventry (age 39) with the business of Mr. Carcasse, and he and I spoke to Sir W. Coventry (age 39) that we might move it to the Duke of York (age 33), which I did in a very indifferent, that is, impartial manner, but vexed I believe Lord Bruncker (age 47). Here the Duke of York (age 33) did acquaint us, and the King (age 36) did the like also, afterwards coming in, with his resolution of altering the manner of the war this year; that is, we shall keep what fleete we have abroad in several squadrons: so that now all is come out; but we are to keep it as close as we can, without hindering the work that is to be done in preparation to this. Great preparations there are to fortify Sheernesse [Map] and the yard at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map], and forces are drawing down to both those places, and elsewhere by the seaside; so that we have some fear of an invasion; and the Duke of York (age 33) himself did declare his expectation of the enemy's blocking us up here in the River, and therefore directed that we should send away all the ships that we have to fit out hence. Sir W. Pen (age 45) told me, going with me this morning to White Hall, that for certain the Duke of Buckingham (age 39) is brought into the Tower [Map], and that he hath had an hour's private conference with the King (age 36) before he was sent thither. To Westminster Hall [Map]. There bought some news books, and, as every where else, hear every body complain of the dearness of coals, being at £4 per chaldron, the weather, too, being become most bitter cold, the King (age 36) saying to-day that it was the coldest day he ever knew in England.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1667. So to the yard and spoke a word or two, and then by water home, wondrous cold, and reading a ridiculous ballad made in praise of the Duke of Albemarle (age 58), to the tune of St. George, the tune being printed, too; and I observe that people have some great encouragement to make ballads of him of this kind. There are so many, that hereafter he will sound like Guy of Warwicke.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1667. Then abroad with my wife, leaving her at the 'Change [Map], while I to Sir H. Cholmly's (age 34), a pretty house, and a fine, worthy, well-disposed gentleman he is. He and I to Sir Ph. Warwicke's (age 57), about money for Tangier, but to little purpose. H. Cholmley (age 34) tells me, among other things, that he hears of little hopes of a peace, their demands being so high as we shall never grant, and could tell me that we shall keep no fleete abroad this year, but only squadrons. And, among other things, that my Lord Bellasses (age 52), he believes, will lose his command of Tangier by his corrupt covetous ways of.endeavouring to sell his command, which I am glad [of], for he is a man of no worth in the world but compliment.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1668. Up betimes, and with Sir Prince to Sir W. Coventry's (age 40) chamber: where the first word he said to me was, "Good-morrow, Mr. Pepys, that must be Speaker of the Parliament-house:" and did protest I had got honour for ever in Parliament. He said that his brother (age 49), that sat by him, admires me; and another gentleman said that I could not get less than £1000 a-year if I would put on a gown and plead at the Chancery-bar; but, what pleases me most, he tells me that the Sollicitor-Generall did protest that he thought I spoke the best of any man in England. After several talks with him alone, touching his own businesses, he carried me to White Hall, and there parted; and I to the Duke of York's (age 34) lodgings, and find him going to the Park, it being a very fine morning, and I after him; and, as soon as he saw me, he told me, with great satisfaction, that I had converted a great many yesterday, and did, with great praise of me, go on with the discourse with me. And, by and by, overtaking the King (age 37), the King (age 37) and Duke of York (age 34) come to me both; and he [the King (age 37)] said, "Mr. Pepys, I am very glad of your success yesterday"; and fell to talk of my well speaking; and many of the Lords there. My Lord Barkeley (age 66) did cry the up for what they had heard of it; and others, Parliament-men there, about the King (age 37), did say that they never heard such a speech in their lives delivered in that manner. Progers, of the Bedchamber, swore to me afterwards before Brouncker (age 48), in the afternoon, that he did tell the King (age 37) that he thought I might teach the Sollicitor-Generall. Every body that saw me almost come to me, as Joseph Williamson (age 34) and others, with such eulogys as cannot be expressed. From thence I went to Westminster Hall [Map], where I met Mr. G. Montagu (age 45), who come to me and kissed me, and told me that he had often heretofore kissed my hands, but now he would kiss my lips: protesting that I was another Cicero, and said, all the world said the same of me. Mr. Ashburnham (age 64), and every creature I met there of the Parliament, or that knew anything of the Parliament's actings, did salute me with this honour:-Mr. Godolphin (age 33);-Mr. Sands, who swore he would go twenty mile, at any time, to hear the like again, and that he never saw so many sit four hours together to hear any man in his life, as there did to hear me; Mr. Chichly (age 53),-Sir John Duncomb,-and everybody do say that the Kingdom will ring of my abilities, and that I have done myself right for my whole life: and so Captain Cocke (age 51), and others of my friends, say that no man had ever such an opportunity of making his abilities known; and, that I may cite all at once, Mr. Lieutenant of the Tower did tell me that Mr. Vaughan (age 64) did protest to him, and that, in his hearing it, said so to the Duke of Albemarle (age 59), and afterwards to W. Coventry, that he had sat twenty-six years in Parliament and never heard such a speech there before: for which the Lord God make me thankful! and that I may make use of it not to pride and vain-glory, but that, now I have this esteem, I may do nothing that may lessen it! I spent the morning thus walking in the Hall, being complimented by everybody with admiration: and at noon stepped into the Legg with Sir William Warren, who was in the Hall, and there talked about a little of his business, and thence into the Hall a little more, and so with him by coach as far as the Temple [Map] almost, and there 'light, to follow my Lord Brouncker's (age 48) coach, which I spied, and so to Madam Williams's, where I overtook him, and agreed upon meeting this afternoon, and so home to dinner, and after dinner with W. Pen (age 46), who come to my house to call me, to White Hall, to wait on the Duke of York (age 34), where he again and all the company magnified me, and several in the Gallery: among others, my Lord Gerard (age 50), who never knew me before nor spoke to me, desires his being better acquainted with me; and [said] that, at table where he was, he never heard so much said of any man as of me, in his whole life. We waited on the Duke of York (age 34), and thence into the Gallery, where the House of Lords waited the King's coming out of the Park, which he did by and by; and there, in the Vane-room, my Lord Keeper delivered a message to the King (age 37), the Lords being about him, wherein the Barons of England, from many good arguments, very well expressed in the part he read out of, do demand precedence in England of all noblemen of either of the King's other two kingdoms, be their title what it will; and did shew that they were in England reputed but as Commoners, and sat in the House of Commons, and at conferences with the Lords did stand bare. It was mighty worth my hearing: but the King (age 37) did only say that he would consider of it, and so dismissed them.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1668. Thence Brouncker (age 48) and I to the Committee of Miscarriages sitting in the Court of Wards, expecting with Sir Prince to have been heard against Prince Rupert's (age 48) complaints for want of victuals. But the business of Holmes's charge against Sir Jer. Smith, which is a most shameful scandalous thing for Flag officers to accuse one another of, and that this should be heard here before men that understand it not at all, and after it hath been examined and judged in before the King (age 37) and Lord High Admirall and other able seamen to judge, it is very hard. But this business did keep them all the afternoon, so we not heard but put off to another day.

Pepy's Diary. 06 Mar 1669. Up, and to the office, where all the morning, only before the Office I stepped to Sir W. Coventry (age 41) at the Tower, and there had a great deal of discourse with him; among others, of the King's putting him out of the Council yesterday, with which he is well contented, as with what else they can strip him of, he telling me, and so hath long done, that he is weary and surfeited of business; but he joins with me in his fears that all will go to naught, as matters are now managed. He told me the matter of the play that was intended for his abuse, wherein they foolishly and sillily bring in two tables like that which he hath made, with a round hole in the middle, in his closet, to turn himself in; and he is to be in one of them as master, and Sir J. Duncomb in the other, as his man or imitator: and their discourse in those tables, about the disposing of their books and papers, very foolish. But that, that he is offended with, is his being made so contemptible, as that any should dare to make a gentleman a subject for the mirth of the world: and that therefore he had told Tom Killigrew (age 57) that he should tell his actors, whoever they were, that did offer at any thing like representing him, that he would not complain to my Lord Camberlain, which was too weak, nor get him beaten, as Sir Charles Sidly is said to do, but that he would cause his nose to be cut. He told me the passage at the Council much like what my Lord Bellassis (age 54) told me. He told me how that the Duke of Buckingham (age 41) did himself, some time since, desire to join with him, of all men in England, and did bid him propound to himself to be Chief Minister of State, saying that he would bring it about, but that he refused to have anything to do with any faction; and that the Duke of Buckingham (age 41) did, within these few days, say that, of all men in England, he would have chosen W. Coventry (age 41) to have joined entire with. He tells me that he fears their prevailing against the Duke of York (age 35); and that their violence will force them to it, as being already beyond his pardon. He repeated to me many examples of challenging of Privy-Councillors and others; but never any proceeded against with that severity which he is, it never amounting to others to more than a little confinement. He tells me of his being weary of the Treasury, and of the folly, ambition, and desire of popularity of Sir Thomas Clifford (age 38); and yet the rudeness of his tongue and passions when angry. This and much more discourse being over I with great pleasure come home and to the office, where all the morning, and at noon home to dinner, and thence to the office again, where very hard at work all the afternoon till night, and then home to my wife to read to me, and to bed, my cold having been now almost for three days quite gone from me. This day my wife made it appear to me that my late entertainment this week cost me above £12, an expence which I am almost ashamed of, though it is but once in a great while, and is the end for which, in the most part, we live, to have such a merry day once or twice in a man's life.

Roger Whitley's Diary. 06 Mar 1690. Thursday, a man came with a letter from Sir William Aston to Mainwaring. Traverse dined with us; went with Mainwaring about ½ past 3 to meete Crew at the Deanes in Kelsall; retorned late, past 10.

Calendars. 06 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Pass for Levy and Joseph Hartogh and Moses Eleazar to go to Harwich and Holland. [S.P. Dom. Warrant Book 36, p. 507.]

Calendars. 06 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Caveat that nothing pass in order to the incorporating of several companies of tradesmen in the town of Lancaster, till notice be first eiven to the Mayor and Aldermen of Lancaster, or to Mr. Benjamin Fletcher, at his chambers in Symmond's Inn, or to Thomas Preston, esq., M.P., at Holker, near Lancaster, who has left a letter with Mr. Warre concerning that matter. [S.P. Dom. Entry Book 73, p. 15.]

Calendars. 06 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant, addressed to Sir Henry Goodrick, Leutenant-general of the Ordnance, and to the rest of the principal officers of the same department, to provide experienced gunners, drawn out of several garrisons, castles, and fortifications in England, to serve abroad; the vacancies to be supplied by practitioner-gunners. [H.O. Warrant Book 6, p. 508, and H.O. Military Entry Book 2, p. 835.]

After 06 Mar 1764. St Andrew's Church, Wimpole [Map]. Monument to Philip Yorke 1st Earl of Hardwicke (deceased) and Margaret Cocks Countess Hardwicke.

Framed inscription panel in white marble surmounted by an enriched sarcophagus in brown veined marble against a grey obelisk to which is affixed an achievement of arms in oval frame; around the base are putti with wreaths and emblems of office; on each side, life-size figures, one of Athene; two medallions on the sarcophagus depict the Earl (deceased) and Countess; signed 'J. STUART (age 51), INVT P. SCHEEMAKERS, SCULPR (age 73).'

In Apr 1813 Fanny Mary ffolkes (age 36) died.

On 06 Mar 1869 Fanny Anna West (age 43) died.

On 16 Nov 1867 William John Browne ffolkes Cricketer (age 47) died.

Memorials in Church of St Mary, Hillington [Map].

Fanny Mary ffolkes: In Apr 1777 she was born to Martin ffolkes 1st Baronet and Fanny Turner. On 28 May 1802 Gilbert Hervey West and she were married.

Fanny Anna West: In 1826 she was born to Edward West and Lucretia Georgiana ffolkes at Bombay, India. Before 06 Mar 1869 Lieutenant Colonel Robert Gregory Wale and she were married.

William John Browne ffolkes Cricketer: On 13 Jan 1820 he was born to William Browne ffolkes 2nd Baronet and Charlotte Philippa Browne.

After 06 Mar 1821. Monument in Ripon Cathedral [Map] to George Coates of Bishopton sculpted by Fisher of York.

Greville Memoirs. 06 Mar 1832. The ultra-Whigs and ultra-Tories are both outrageous. Day after day the 'Times' puts forth paragraphs, evidently manufactured in the Durham shop, about Harrowby's letter, and yesterday there was one which exhibited their mortification and rage so clearly as to be quite amusing, praising the Duke and the Tories, and abusing Harrowby and Wharncliffe (age 55) and the moderates. In the meantime, while Lord Grey is negotiating with Harrowby for the express purpose of avoiding the necessity of making Peers, Durham, his colleague and son-in-law, in conjunction with Dover, is (or has been) going about with a paper for signature by Peers, being a requisition to Lord Grey to make new Peers, inviting everybody he could find to sign this by way of assisting that course of bullying and violence he has long pursued, but happily in vain. Lord Grey is, I believe, really disgusted with all these proceedings; he submits and does nothing. Richmond quarrels with Durham, Melbourne damns him, and the rest hate him. But there he is, frowning, sulking, bullying, and meddling, and doing all the harm he can. Never certainly was there such a Government as this, so constituted, so headed—a chief with an imposing exterior, a commanding eloquence, and a character5 below contempt, seduced and governed by anybody who will minister to his vanity and presume upon his facility.

Note 5. By character I mean what the French call caractère, not that he is wanting in honour and honesty, nor in ability, but in resolution and strength of mind.

On 06 Mar 1835 Margaret Williams Lady Williams (age 66) died. Memorial at St Asaph Cathedral [Map] sculpted by Richard Westmacott (age 59).

Margaret Williams Lady Williams: On 25 Apr 1768 she was born. On 21 Oct 1791 John Williams 1st Baronet and she were married. On 27 Jul 1798 John Williams 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire. She by marriage Lady Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.

Thomas Bateman 1846. On the 6th of March, 1847, a small excavation was made within the circle inclosed by the six stones standing in the "Nine Stone Close [Map]" upon Harthill Moor, with a view of noting the claim of such stone circles to be considered sepulchral structures. The result in this instance was favorable to this opinion of their origin and purpose as several fragments of imperfectly-baked pottery, accompanied by pieces of flint, both in a natural and calcined state, were dug up.

These remains probably would have been more complete, had not the repeated passage of the plough in the progress of cultivation materially reduced the height of the land within the inclosed area.

Parsley Hay. March 6th was passed in opening a cairn or tumulus [Map] [Parsley Hay Barrow [Map]] of stone in a plantation near the Parcelly Hay wharf of the Cromford and High Peak Railway. We found the primary interment beneath the middle of the barrow, in a small oval excavation in the rook below the natural surface of the land, about three feet in depth, and not exceeding the same in its greatest diameter, consequently the body had been placed upright in a sitting or crouching posture, as was abundantly evident from the order in which the bones were found. The grave was roughly covered in with large flat slabs of limestone, which had prevented the material of the tumulus from quite filling it up; a good deal of earth had, however, been washed in, which had the effect of preserving the bones in unusual perfection. The remains accompanying the body were of the poorest description, consisting merely of three pieces of chipped flint, some shreds from a drinking cup, and various animal bones and teeth, some of which were calcined. The fine skull from this interment has been engraved in the magnificent work by Messrs. Davis and Thumam, entitled "Crania Britannica," where its internal capacity is given at 72½ ounces; length of the femur, 18.3 inches. The high antiquity of this interment may be inferred when we take into consideration the fact, that upon the covering stones there lay another skeleton, quite unprotected from the loose stone of the barrow, and accompanied by weapons indicating that the owner lived at a very remote period. This body was badly preserved, owing to the percolation of water through the over lying stones, but it appeared to have been laid as usual upon the lefl side, with the knees slightly advanced; near the upper part of the person were placed a very elegantly formed axe head of granite, with a hole for the shaft, and a very fine bronze dagger of the earliest or archaic bronze period, with three studs for fastening the handle. The engraving gives an accurate section of this remarkable barrow,

After 06 Mar 1857. St Peter and St Paul's Church, Rock [Map]. Memorial to Leopold Reiss (deceased) and Caroline m Reiss (age 43).

Caroline m Reiss: Around 1814 she was born. Before 09 Jun 1833 Leopold Reiss and she were married. In 1841 Leopold Reiss and Caroline m Reiss lived at Crumpsall Crescent, Crumpsall, Manchester. On 10 Jan 1893 she died at Swyncombe, Henley-on-Thames.

On 06 Mar 1964 Paul I King Greece (age 62) died.

Births on the 6th March

On 06 Mar 1340 John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster was born to King Edward III of England (age 27) and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 25) at the Prinsenhof Palace [Map] in Ghent aka Gaunt. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.00%.

On 06 Mar 1405 John II King Castile was born to Henry III King Castile (age 25) and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile (age 31). He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.15%.

On or before 06 Mar 1608 James Pennyman 1st Baronet was born illegitimately to William Pennyman. He was baptised on 06 Mar 1608 at St Cuthbert's Church, Ormesby.

Before 06 Mar 1638 Henry Capell 1st Baron Capell Tewkesbury was born to Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell Hadham (age 30) and Elizabeth Morrison Baroness Capell Hadham (age 27) at Little Hadham, Hertfordshire [Map].

On 24 Feb 1683 John Finch 6th Earl Winchilsea was born to Heneage Finch 3rd Earl Winchilsea (age 55) and Elizabeth Ayres Countess Winchelsea. He was christened on 06 Mar 1683 at Eastwell, Kent.

On 06 Mar 1704 John Ward 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward was born to William Ward (age 27) and Mary Grey. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.15%.

On 06 Mar 1758 John Kennaway 1st Baronet was born.

On 06 Mar 1766 Lawrence Palk 2nd Baronet was born to Robert Palk 1st Baronet (age 48) and Anne van Sittart Lady Palk.

On 06 Mar 1792 Elizabeth Wilson was born to Reverend Henry Wilson 10th Baron Berners (age 29).

On 06 Mar 1795 Elizabeth Anne Brudenell was born to Robert Brudenell 6th Earl Cardigan (age 25) and Penelope Cooke Countess Cardigan (age 25).

On or before 06 Mar 1829 Emmelina Marjory Lowe Lady Clifford was born to Robert Lowe and Charlotte Atwell. She was baptised on 06 Mar 1829 at Cheltenham. Her father's occupation is shown as Honourable East India Company Medical Service.

On 06 Mar 1835 Greville Richard Vernon was born to Robert Smith aka Vernon 1st Baron Lyveden (age 35) and Emma Mary Fitzpatrick Baroness Lyveden. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.13%.

On 06 Mar 1932 Captain David Peter Dudley Stapleton-Cotton was born to Francis Stapleton-Cotton 4th Viscount Combermere (age 44) and Constance Marie Katherine Williams-Drummond (age 38).

On 06 Mar 1943 Frances Helen Mary Eliot was born to Nicholas Eliot 9th Earl of St Germans (age 29) and Helen Mary Villiers (age 27).

Marriages on the 6th March

Before 06 Mar 1345 William Morley 4th Baron Marshal 3rd Baron Morley (age 26) and Cecily Bardolf Baroness Marshal and Morley were married. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 06 Mar 1427 John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter (age 31) and Anne Stafford Duchess Exeter were married. She by marriage Duchess Exeter. She the daughter of Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford and Anne of Gloucester Plantagenet Countess Eu and Stafford (age 44). He the son of John Holland 1st Duke Exeter and Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter. They were second cousins. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before 06 Mar 1497 Thomas Greville (age 45) and Elizabeth Vaughan Baroness Grey Wilton (age 34) were married.

Before 06 Mar 1545 Robert Ogle 5th Baron Ogle (age 32) and Jane Radclyffe Baroness Ogle (age 23) were married. She by marriage Baroness Ogle. He a great grandson of King Edward IV of England.

Before 06 Mar 1647 John Savage 2nd Earl Rivers (age 44) and Mary Ogle Countess Rivers were married. She by marriage Countess Rivers. He the son of Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage and Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers (age 66).

On 06 Mar 1725 John St John 11th Baron St John (age 37) and Elizabeth Crowley Baroness St John were married. She by marriage Baroness St John of Bletso.

On 06 Mar 1776 Francis Saxe Coburg Gotha I Duke Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 25) and Sophie Saxe Hildburghausen Duchess Saxe Coburg Gotha were married. She by marriage Duchess Saxe Coburg Gotha. She the daughter of Ernst Friedrich Saxe Hildburghausen 2nd Duke Saxe Hildburghausen. He the son of Ernest Frederick Saxe Coburg Saalfeld Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld (age 51) and Sophia Antonia Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duchess Saxe Coburg Saalfeld (age 52).

On 06 Mar 1781 George John Spencer 2nd Earl Spencer (age 22) and Lavinia Bingham Countess Spencer (age 19) were married. She the daughter of Charles Bingham 1st Earl Lucan (age 45) and Margaret Smith Countess Lucan (age 41). He the son of John Spencer 1st Earl Spencer (age 46) and Margaret Georgiana Poyntz Countess Spencer (age 43).

On 06 Mar 1828 Glynne Earl Welby 3rd Baronet (age 21) and Frances Cholmeley were married.

On 06 Mar 1897 Vivian Hugh Smith 1st Baron Bicester (age 29) and Sybil Mary McDonnell Baroness Bicester (age 20) were married. She the daughter of William Randall McDonnell 6th Earl of Antrim (age 46) and Louisa Grey Countess of Antrim (age 42).

On 06 Mar 1963 James Lowther 7th Earl Londsdale (age 40) and Nancy Ruth Cobbs Countess Lowther were married. She by marriage Countess Lonsdale.

Deaths on the 6th March

On 06 Mar 1352 Elizabeth Hastings Baroness Grey Ruthyn (age 57) died.

On 06 Mar 1353 Roger Grey 1st Baron Grey Ruthyn (age 63) died at Ruthyn. His son Reginald Grey 2nd Baron Grey Ruthyn (age 31) succeeded 2nd Baron Grey of Ruthyn.

On 06 Mar 1360 Eleanor Damory Baroness Zouche Mortimer (age 41) died.

On 14 Feb 1400 (exact date not known) King Richard II (age 33) died at Pontefract Castle [Map] where he had been imprisoned three months before; possibly murdered, possibly starved to death. His death was a consequence of the Epiphany Rising; he was still considered a threat. His first cousin Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 5th Countess Ulster de jure Heir to the Throne of England since she was the daughter of Lionel Plantagenet 1st Duke of Clarence. She at this time had four children with her husband Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl Ulster. The new King Henry IV (age 32) ignored her claim.

On 17 Feb 1400 Richard's (deceased) corpse was displayed at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].

On 06 Mar 1400 Richard's (deceased) remains were buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map].

On 06 Mar 1450 John Chideock 6th Baron Fitzpayn (age 48) died.

On 06 Mar 1490 Margaret Woodville Countess Arundel (age 36) died.

On 06 Mar 1491 Richard Woodville 3rd Earl Rivers (age 38) died. Earl Rivers extinct.

On 06 Mar 1545 Robert Ogle 5th Baron Ogle (age 32) died. On 06 Mar 1545 His son Robert Ogle 6th Baron Ogle (age 16) succeeded 6th Baron Ogle.

On 06 Mar 1597 William Brooke 10th Baron Cobham (age 69) died. His son Henry Brooke 11th Baron Cobham (age 32) succeeded 11th Baron Cobham.

On 06 Mar 1616 Francis Beaumont (age 32) died.

On 01 Mar 1680 John Shaw 1st Baronet (age 65) died. He was buried on 06 Mar 1721 at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham on 06 Mar 1680. His son John Shaw 2nd Baronet (age 20) succeeded 2nd Baronet Shaw of Eltham in Kent.

On 06 Mar 1701 William Brownlow 4th Baronet (age 35) died. His son John Brownlow 1st Viscount Tyconnel (age 10) succeeded 5th Baronet Brownlow of Humby in Lincolnshire and inherited Belton House [Map].

On 06 Mar 1704 George Seton 4th Earl Winton (age 63) died. His son George Seton 5th Earl of Winton (age 26) succeeded 5th Earl Winton.

On or before 03 Mar 1722 Rowland Winn 3rd Baronet (age 46) died. He was buried on 06 Mar 1722. His son Rowland Winn 4th Baronet (age 16) succeeded 4th Baronet Winn of Nostel in Yorkshire.

On 06 Mar 1729 William Lowther 1st Baronet (age 65) died. His son William Lowther 2nd Baronet (age 35) succeeded 2nd Baronet Lowther of Swillington in West Yorkshire. Diana Condon Lady Lowther by marriage Lady Lowther of Swillington in West Yorkshire.

On 06 Mar 1758 Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington (age 53) died. His son Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington (age 31) succeeded 2nd Earl Darlington, 2nd Viscount Barnard, 4th Baron Barnard. Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington (age 30) by marriage Countess Darlington.

On 06 Mar 1773 William Maxwell 6th Earl Nithsdale died without male issue. Earl Nithsdale, Lord Maxwell and Lord Herries of Terregles extinct?

On 06 Mar 1784 Robert Cansfield Gerard 9th Baronet (age 59) died. His son Robert Clifton Gerard 10th Baronet (age 12) succeeded 10th Baronet Gerard of Bryn in Lancashire.

On 06 Mar 1793 Richard Barry 7th Earl Barrymore (age 23) died. His brother Henry Barry 8th Earl Barrymore (age 22) succeeded 8th Earl Barrymore.

On 06 Mar 1795 Richard Brooke 5th Baronet (age 42) died. His son Richard Brooke 6th Baronet (age 9) succeeded 6th Baronet Brooke of Norton Priory in Cheshire.

On 06 Mar 1813 Mary Elizabeth Nugent Marchioness Buckingham (age 55) died. Her son George Nugent-Grenville 2nd Baron Nugent (age 24) succeeded 2nd Baron Nugent.

On 06 Mar 1835 Margaret Williams Lady Williams (age 66) died. Memorial at St Asaph Cathedral [Map] sculpted by Richard Westmacott (age 59).

Margaret Williams Lady Williams: On 25 Apr 1768 she was born. On 21 Oct 1791 John Williams 1st Baronet and she were married. On 27 Jul 1798 John Williams 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire. She by marriage Lady Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.

On 06 Mar 1838 Augusta Fane Countess Lonsdale (age 76) died.

On 06 Mar 1866 William Whewell (age 71) died.

On 06 Mar 1884 Harriet Graham Marchioness Donegal (age 54) died.

On 06 Mar 1893 Emily Paget Countess Sydney Scadbury Kent (age 83) died.

On 06 Mar 1915 George Cadogan 5th Earl Cadogan (age 74) died. His son Gerald Oakley Cadogan 6th Earl Cadogan (age 45) succeeded 6th Earl Cadogan, 6th Viscount Chelsea, 8th Baron Cadogan.

On 06 Mar 1923 James Jebusa Shannon (age 61) died.

On 06 Mar 1927 Marie Spartali aka Stillman (age 82) died at Ashburn Place, Kensington. She was buried with her husband at Brookwood Cemetery, Woking.

On 06 Mar 1964 Paul I King Greece (age 62) died.

On 06 Mar 1984 Bridget Coke Countess Airlie (age 93) died.