On this Day in History ... 08 April

08 Apr is in April.

1305 Execution of William Wallace

1364 Death of John II King France

1666 Great Plague of London

On 08 Apr 1250 John Tristan Capet Count Valois was born to King Louis IX of France (age 35) and Margaret Provence Queen Consort France (age 29) at Damietta. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Execution of William Wallace

On 23 Aug 1305 William Wallace was hanged at the Elms in Smithfield [Map]. His head being displayed on London Bridge [Map].

On 08 Apr 1956 a plaque was unveiled on the wall of St Bartholomew's Hospital near to the site of his execution the text of which reads ...

To the immortal memory of Sir William Wallace Scottish patriot born at Elderslie Renfrewshire circa 1270 A.D. Who from the year 1296 fought dauntlessly in defence of his country's liberty and independence in the face of fearful odds and great hardship being eventually betrayed and captured brought to London and put to death near this spot on the 23rd August 1305.

His example heroism and devotion inspired those who came after him to win victory from defeat and his memory remains for all time a source of pride, honour and inspiration to his Countrymen.

"Dico tibi verum libertas optima rerum nunquam servili sub nexu vivito fili"

Translation: I tell you the truth, son, freedom is the best condition, never live like a slave

"Bas Agus Buaidh" aka Death and Victory, a traditional Scottish battle cry.

On 08 Apr 1320 Peter I King Portugal was born to Alfonso "Brave" IV King Portugal (age 29) and Beatrice Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.61%.

On 08 Apr 1349 John St John Lagenham 3rd Baron St John Lagenham (age 41) died at Headington.

On 08 Apr 1350 King Charles V of France (age 11) and Joanna Bourbon Queen Consort France (age 12) were married. Joanna Bourbon Queen Consort France by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Peter Bourbon Duke Bourbon (age 39) and Isabella Valois Duchess Bourbon (age 37). He the son of King John "The Good" II of France (age 30) and Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France. They were half first cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

Death of John II King France

On 01 Jul 1364 King John "The Good" II of France was informed that his son had escaped from his captivity. John announced he would return to England as a matter of honour. He left around Dec 1363 arriving in London to parades and feasts.


On 08 Apr 1364 King John "The Good" II of France (age 44) died at Savoy Palace [Map]. His son King Charles V of France (age 25) succeeded V King France: Capet Valois.

On 08 Apr 1401 Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick (age 63) died. His son Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick (age 19) succeeded 13th Earl Warwick 1C 1088. Elizabeth Berkeley Countess Warwick (age 15) by marriage Countess Warwick.

On 08 Apr 1473 (some sources state 1482) Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 49) was created 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland 3C 1473 by King Edward IV of England (age 30). By letters patent he created Dacre Baron Dacre of Gilsland, declaring "that the said Humfrey Dacre, Knight, and the heirs male of the body of the said Thomas, late Lord Dacre, comyng, bee reputed, had, named and called the Lord Dacre of Gillesland". Mabel Parr Baroness Dacre Gilsland by marriage Baroness Dacre Gilsland.

On 08 Apr 1521 Charles 3rd Duke Savoy (age 34) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Savoy (age 16) were married. She the daughter of richest monarch in Europe at the time Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 51). They had nine children together but only one Emmanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy would reach adulthood. She the daughter of Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 51) and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal. He the son of Philip "Landless" Savoy II Duke Savoy and Claudine Brosse. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

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On 08 Apr 1548 Henry Daubeney 1st Earl Bridgewater (age 54) died. Earl Bridgewater 1C 1538 extinct. His nephew John Bourchier 2nd Earl Bath (age 49) succeeded 3rd Baron Daubeney.

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Henry Machyn's Diary. 08 Apr 1559. The viij day of Aprell ther was a proclamasion of pesse [peace] betwyne the Quene('s) (age 25) grace and Hare the French kyng (age 40), and Dolphyn the kyng of Skottes (age 15), for ever, boyth by water and land; and ther was vj trumpeters and v haroldes of armes, master Garter and master Clarenshux, proclamyd yt, and Lankoster, Ruge Crosse, and Bluwmantyll, and my lord mayre (age 50) and all the althermen in skarlett; and Bluw-mantyll dyd proclaymyd that no players shuld play no more tyll a serten tyme of no mans players; but the mare or shreyff, balle [bailiff], constabull, or odur offesers take them, lay them in presun, and the quen('s) commondement layd on them.

Note. P. 193. Peace with France. See Hayward's Elizabeth, p. 36; Hayward dates the proclamation the 7th instead of the 8th April. The treaty, which was signed by Elizabeth at Westminster on the 20th Jan. and by Henry at Chateau-Cambray on the 2d April, is printed by Rymer, Fœdera, vol. xv. pp. 505–516.

On 08 Apr 1595 Henri Valois I Duke Longueville (age 27) died. His son Henri Valois II Duke Longueville succeeded II Duke Longueville being some two days old.

On 08 Apr 1609 Mark Kerr 1st Earl Lothian (age 56) died. His son Robert Kerr 2nd Earl Lothian (age 35) succeeded 2nd Earl Lothian. Annabel Campbell Countess Lothian by marriage Countess Lothian.

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PAINTINGS/HUYSMANS/Thomas_Chiffinch.pngBefore 08 Apr 1666 Attributed to Jacob Huysmans (age 33). Portrait of Thomas Chiffinch Keeper of the King's Closet (age 66).

Thomas Chiffinch Keeper of the King's Closet: In 1600 he was born to Unknown Chiffinch in Salisbury. Before 25 Nov 1637 Thomas Chiffinch Keeper of the King's Closet (age 37) and Dorothy Thanet were married. Pepy's Diary. 08 Apr 1666. The Court full this morning of the newes of Tom Cheffin's (age 66) death, the King's closett-keeper. He was well last night as ever, flaying at tables in the house, and not very ill this morning at six o'clock, yet dead before seven: they think, of an imposthume in his breast. But it looks fearfully among people nowadays, the plague, as we hear, encreasing every where again. On 08 Apr 1666 Thomas Chiffinch Keeper of the King's Closet (age 66) died. He was buried on 10 Apr 1666 at Westminster Abbey.

Great Plague of London

Pepy's Diary. 08 Apr 1666. The Court full this morning of the newes of Tom Cheffin's (age 66) death, the King's closett-keeper. He was well last night as ever, flaying at tables in the house, and not very ill this morning at six o'clock, yet dead before seven: they think, of an imposthume in his breast. But it looks fearfully among people nowadays, the plague, as we hear, encreasing every where again.

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On 08 Apr 1681 William Fleming 5th Earl Wigtown died. His son John Fleming 6th Earl Wigtown (age 8) succeeded 6th Earl Wigtown 2C 1606, 11th Lord Fleming.

Evelyn's Diary. 08 Apr 1685. Being now somewhat compos'd after my greate affliction, I went to London to hear Dr. Tenison (age 48) (it being on a Wednesday in Lent) at Whitehall [Map]. I observ'd that tho' the King (age 51) was not in his seate above in the chapell, the Doctor made his three congees, which they were not us'd to do when the late King was absent, making then one bowing onely. I ask'd the reason; it was sayd he had a special order so to do. The Wilhelmina Ernestina Oldenburg (age 34) was in the King's Closet, but sat on the left hand of the chaire, the Clearke of the Closet (age 50) standing by His Ma's chaire, as if he had ben present. I met the Queene Dowager (age 46) going now first from Whitehall to dwell at Somerset-house [Map]. This day my brother of Wotton and Mr. Onslow (age 30) were candidates for Surrey against Sr Adam Brown and my cousin Sr Edwd Evelyn, and were circumvented in their election by a trick of the Sheriff's taking advantage of my brother's party going out of the small village of Leatherhead [Map] to seek shelter and lodging, the afternoone being tempestuous, proceeding to the Election when they were gon; they expecting the next morning; whereas before and then they exceeded the other party by many hundreds, as I am assur'd. The Duke of Norfolk (age 30) led Sr Edw. Evelyn's and Sr Adam Brown's party. For this Parliament, very meane and slight persons (some of them gentlemen's servants, clearkes, and persons neither of reputation nor interest) were set up, but the country would choose my brother whether he would or no, and he miss'd it by the trick above mentioned. Sr Adam Brown was so deafe that he could not heare one word. S1 Edw. Evelyn was an honest gent much in favour with his Majesty.NOTEXT

On 08 Apr 1702 Thomas Gale Scholar (age 67) died.

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On 08 Apr 1704 Henry Sidney 1st Earl Romney (age 63) died. Earl Romney 1C 1694 extinct.

Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 08 Apr 1719. Mr President brough an M:S. of the Antiquitys and History of Penfied in Essex which was read over. It was wrote by Mr Holmes [Note. This is noted as ?Holman so may not refer to George Holmes (age 57)] and thanks were ordered to him for it, it being a curious and very particular account of the place.

Ordered eodem die that one print of King Richard be presented to the public library of Oxford also one of the Font.

On 08 Apr 1724 George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 21) and Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 20). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

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On 08 Apr 1747 Mary Myddelton died. Monument in St Giles' Church, Wrexham [Map] sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 44).

Mary Myddelton: She was born to Richard Myddelton 3rd Baronet and Frances Whitmore Lady Myddelton.

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On 08 Apr 1756 Bishop Spencer Madan (age 27) and Charlotte Cornwallis were married. She the daughter of Charles Cornwallis 1st Earl Cornwallis (age 56) and Elizabeth Townshend Countess Cornwallis.

On 08 Apr 1765 Harry Powlett 6th Duke Bolton (age 44) and Katherine Lowther Duchess of Bolton (age 29) were married. He the son of Harry Powlett 4th Duke Bolton and Catherine Parry 6th Duchess Bolton.

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On 08 Apr 1780 Charles Stanhope 4th Earl of Harrington was born to Charles Stanhope 3rd Earl of Harrington (age 27) and Jane Fleming Countess Harrington (age 24). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

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On 08 Apr 1788 Horace Beckford aka Pitt-Rivers 3rd Baron Rivers (age 10) and Frances Rigby were married at her father's house in Upper Grosvenor Street.

On 08 Apr 1795 King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 32) and Caroline of Brunswick Queen Consort England (age 26) were married at Chapel Royal, St James's Palace. He the son of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 56) and Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England (age 50). They were first cousins. She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

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On 08 Apr 1797 George Augustus Herbert 11th Earl Pembroke 8th Earl Montgomery (age 37) and Elisabeth Beauclerk were married. He the son of Henry Herbert 10th Earl Pembroke 7th Earl Montgomery and Elizabeth Spencer Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 60). They were first cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 08 Apr 1798 Henry Noel 6th Earl Gainsborough (age 55) died without issue. He was buried in St Luke's Church Kinoulton. The title Earl Gainsborough 1C 1682, Viscount Campden extinct.

On 08 Apr 1818 King Christian IX of Denmark was born to Friedrich Wilhelm Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 33) and Louise Caroline Hesse-Kassel Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 28). He a great x 2 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 08 Apr 1839 Du Pre Alexander 2nd Earl Caledon (age 61) died. His son James Alexander 3rd Earl Caledon (age 26) succeeded 3rd Earl Caledon in County Tyrone.

On 08 Apr 1840 William Stephen Poyntz (age 70) died. Monument sculpted by Rafaelle Monti (age 22) in 1848 in St Mary's Church Easebourne Midhurst [Map].

Rafaelle Monti: In 1818 he was born in Milan. In 1881 Rafaelle Monti (age 63) died.

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On 08 Apr 1899 Aldred Beresford Lumley 10th Earl Scarborough (age 41) and Lucy Cecilia Dunn-Garnder Countess Scarborough were married at Christ Church. She by marriage Countess Scarborough. He the son of Richard Lumley 9th Earl Scarborough and Adeliza Drummond Countess Scarborough.

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On 08 Apr 1932 William Henry Doyle aka North 11th Baron North (age 95) died. His son William Frederick North 12th Baron North (age 71) succeeded 12th Baron North.

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