Twenty Trees Books

Follow us on Facebook for updates:

See Home Page for details ... or click on the images to go to Amazon

On this Day in History ... 10th September

10 Sep is in September.

1299 Edward I and Margaret of France Wedding

1419 Murder of John the Fearless

1497 Perkin Warbreck Plot

1533 Birth and Christening of Elizabeth I

1535 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1547 Battle of Pinkie Cleugh

1591 Battle of Flores

1660 September Creation of Peerages

1665 Battle of Vågen

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 10th September

On 10 Sep 954 Louis "Overseas" IV King West Francia (age 34) died. His son Lothair III King West Francia (age 13) succeeded III King West Francia.

On 10 Sep 1167 Empress Matilda (age 65) died. She was buried under the high alter at Bec Abbey [Map] during a service performed by Rotrou Newburgh Archbishop of Rouen. Her tomb's epitaph reads 'Great by birth, greater by marriage, greatest in her offspring: here lies Matilda, the daughter, wife, and mother of Henry'.

On 10 Sep 1299 King Edward I of England (age 60) and Margaret of France Queen Consort England (age 20) were married at Canterbury Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort England. The difference in their ages was 39 years. She the daughter of King Philip III of France and Maria Reginar Queen Consort France (age 43). He the son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 27) was present.

On 10 Sep 1382 Louis I King Hungary King Poland (age 56) died. His daughter Mary Hungary I Queen Hungary (age 11) succeeded I Queen Hungary.

On 10 Sep 1419 Charles "Victorious" VII King France (age 16) and John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 48) met on the bridge at Montereau to progress their peace negotiations. During the course of the discussions John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 48) was assassinated. His son Philip "Good" Valois III Duke Burgundy (age 23) succeeded III Duke Burgundy. Michelle Valois Duchess Burgundy (age 24) by marriage Duchess Burgundy.

Polydore Vergil. Around 10 Sep 1497. Hearing the news, the king (age 40) was no slower in leading an army to Exeter, Devon [Map] than the situation required. He sent ahead a goodly number of light horse to let everyone know of his approach. For meanwhile, under the leadership of Edward Courteney Earl of Devonshire (age 38) and his son William (age 22), an excellent and very brave young man, every noble hastened to come to the aid of Exeter, Devon [Map] with a great company of soldiers. Among these were Thomas Trenchard, Edmund Carew, Thomas Fulford, William Courteney, John Halliwell, John Croker, Walter Courteney, Peter Edgercombe (age 28), and William St. Maurice. When these things came to Peter's (age 23) ears, he abandoned the siege and removed to Taunton, Somerset [Map], the nearest town. There he reviewed his army and drew it up for the coming battle, although it later came to light that he had no great trust in that army. A goodly part were armed only with swords, otherwise unarmed, and ignorant of how to fight.

On 10 Sep 1501 Louis Amboise Bishop Albi (age 22) resigned as Bishop Albi.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1530-1539. 10 Sep 1533. And the Wednesdaie next followinge,a the most honorable yonge ladie was christened at Greenewychb in the Friers Church, all the noble lordes and ladies doing service about the christening in their Elizabeth. offices after their degrees, which was a goodlie sight to see, and their shee had geaven her to name Elizabeth; my Lord Thomas Cranmer (age 44), Archbishopp of Canterberie, godfather; the old Dutchesse of Northfolke (age 56),c wydowe, my Ladie Marques of Dorcett (age 46), widowe, godmothers at the fonte, and my Ladie Marques of Exceter (age 30) godmother at the bishoppinge;d and the morrowe after their was fiers made in London, and at everie fire a vessell of wyne for people to drinke for the said solempnitie.

Note a. September 10.

Note b. Compare this with the accomit of the maimer of the chrifltening "of the Lady Elisabeth" in MS. Harleian. Cod. 643, fol. 128-80.

Note c. The Dowager Duchess (age 56) of Norfolk carried the infant, in a mantle of purple velvet, with a long train furred with ermine. Hall's "Chronicle" ed. 1809, p. 806.

Note d. Immediately after the christening the Archbishop (age 44) confirmed the infant princess, the Marchioness of Exeter (age 30) being godmother.

On 10 Sep 1533 the future Elizabeth I was christened at the Palace of Placentia, Greenwich [Map].

Gertrude Blount Marchioness of Exeter (age 30), Walter Blount, Archbishop Thomas Cranmer (age 44) and Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset (age 46) were Godparents.

Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu carried the covered gilt basin. Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 49) escorted the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk (age 56). Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 16) carried the Salt. Elizabeth Stafford Duchess Norfolk (age 36) carried the Chrisom. Agnes Tilney Duchess Norfolk (age 56) carried Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland. Henry Courtenay 1st Marquess Exeter (age 37) carried a taper of virgin wax.

Edward Stanley 3rd Earl of Derby (age 24), Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 56), Henry Grey 4th Earl Kent (age 38) and George Boleyn Viscount Rochford (age 30) supported the train of the mantle.

Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 60), William Howard 1st Baron Howard (age 23), Thomas Howard (age 22) and John Hussey 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford (age 68) carried the canopy.

Letters and Papers 1533. 10 Sept [1533]. Vienna Archives. 1112. Chapuys (age 43) to Charles V.

Will not write at length, having only been informed of this courier at the moment of his departure; besides there is nothing important since his last. Has only to mention that on Sunday last, the eve of Our Lady (7 Sept.), about 3 p.m., the King's mistress (amie) [Queen Anne Boleyn of England (age 32)] was delivered of a daughter, to the great regret both of him and the lady, and to the great reproach of the physicians, astrologers, sorcerers, and sorceresses, who affirmed that it would be a male child. But the people are doubly glad that it is a daughter rather than a son, and delight to mock those who put faith in such divinations, and to see them so full of shame. The mayor, aldermen, masters of trades, and others of the city, are called to be present this afternoon at the christening. The French ambassadors are also summoned. The christening is to be at Greenwich. The godmothers are to be the mother-in-law of the duke of Norfolk and the marchioness of Exeter. The archbishop of Canterbury is to be godfather. The bishop of London is to officiate. She is to be called Mary, like the Princess; which title, I hear in many quarters, will be taken from the true princess and given to her. If it be so. Misfortune manages well; and God has forgotten him entirely, hardening him in his obstinacy to punish and ruin him; of which there is the greatest probability in the world, seeing the indignation of the people, both small and great, which grows every day, and nothing could better augment it than defrauding the said Princess of her title; for she is, as she ought to be, adored by everybody. But the said indignation, like other things, may grow cool in time, so that it should be used in season; yet I think it so rooted and so just that the people will not forget it, or change, at least the most part of them.

It is appointed for me to be at Court tomorrow morning with the King's Council to take resolution about the restitution of the goods seized by the Lubeckers from the Spaniards. London, 10 Sept. 1533.

Fr., from a modern copy, pp. 4.

Letters and Papers 1535. 10 Sep 1535. R. O. St. P. ii. 278. 331. William Brabazon to Cromwell.

Since Thomas Fitzgerald's departure, his followers and all his uncles are returned home. If the traitor ever comes back, the King's cost is wasted. His advice is "to discharge this land of all the sect of them." The Deputy is going to Dungarvan Castle, and before him have gone the Lord Treasurer, lord Leonard's company, and Sir John Seyntlaw with his retinue. They will be at the castle on Monday next, and make a running assault. Hears that Seyntlaw has been sent for to England. The King can evil spare him here, though it is more to his profit to be in England. Lord Leonard should come speedily, for the good ordering of the army.

Rides with the Chief Justice about the King's lands, which are most wasted. Advises the banishment of the Tooles, the Burnes, the Cavenaghs, and McMargho and his sect.

The present Lord Deputy is a good man of war, but not quick enough for this country, and somewhat covetous. Advises his recall. Does not think the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, who is now with Cromwell, fit for the office. The lord of Kilmenen would be the best man. Divers abbots and priors in England have great revenues of spiritualties here, which should be put to houses of religion, and the King to have temporal lands for them. Reminds Cromwell that the King should have the temporalities of the bishop of Dublin, who can have spiritual lands for them. By this means and attainders, the King will have 4,000 marks a year more. Thinks the commonalty here to be very true people and conformable to all good order. The Deputy intends to hinder the Chief Justice and Master of the Rolls of Ireland by writing to his friends in England; which were pity, seeing the pains they take in the King's affairs here. Does not now think 500 kerne necessary, but retained them for a time, that they might not be enemies. The captains are all in good health, notwithstanding the plague. Hears my lady of Kildare (age 38) has a book of the late earl of Kildare's lands. Cromwell should get it and send it hither. 10 Sept. Signed.

Add.: Mr. Secretary. Endd.

On 10 Sep 1547 an English army commanded by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47) defeated a Scottish army commanded by James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran (age 31) and Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 58) at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh at Musselburgh.

The English army included John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 43), Francis Talbot 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 47), Miles Partridge and Thomas Wentworth 2nd Baron Wentworth (age 22). John Thynne (age 32) and Edmund Brydges 2nd Baron Chandos (age 25) were knighted.

William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 26) accompanied Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47).

John Forbes 6th Lord Forbes (age 82), Christopher Coningsby (age 31) and Edward Clere were killed.

John Thynne (age 32) was knighted after the battle.

The Scottish army included John Gordon 11th Earl Sutherland (age 22) who commanded the Rearguard and Gilbert Kennedy 3rd Earl Cassilis (age 32). John Stewart, Robert Douglas (age 41), John Livingston, Thomas Hamilton of Priestfield and Hugh Montgomerie were killed. John Hay 4th Lord Hay was captured but soon released.

Malcolm Fleming 3rd Lord Fleming (age 53) was killed. His son James Fleming 4th Lord Fleming (age 13) succeeded 4th Lord Fleming. Barbara Hamilton Lady Fleming by marriage Lord Fleming.

Robert Graham Master of Montrose was killed.

On 10 Sep 1559 James Hamilton 3rd Earl Arran (age 27) met his father James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran (age 43) at Hamilton Palace, Hamilton.

On 10 Sep 1591 Richard Grenville (age 49) died from wounds received at the Battle of Flores whilst serving on the The Revenge.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1641. I took waggon for Dort, to be present at the reception of the Queen-mother, Marie de Medicis (age 66), Dowager of France, widow of Henry the Great, and mother to the French King, Louis XIII (age 39), and the Queen of England (age 31), whence she newly arrived, tossed to and fro by the various fortune of her life. From this city, she designed for Cologne, conducted by the Earl of Arundel (age 14) and the Herr Van Bredrod. At this interview, I saw the Princess of Orange (age 39), and the lady her daughter (age 13), afterwards married to the House of Brandenburgh. There was little remarkable in this reception befitting the greatness of her person; but an universal discontent, which accompanied that unlucky woman wherever she went.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1647. Being called into England, to settle my affairs after an absence of four years, I took leave of the Prince (age 17) and Queen (age 37), leaving my wife (age 12), yet very young, under the care of an excellent lady and prudent mother (age 37).

In Sep 1660 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rewarded a further tranche of those who supported his Restoration ...

On 04 Sep 1660 John King 1st Baron Kingston was created 1st Baron Kingston of Kingston in Dublin.

On 05 Sep 1660 Roger Boyle 1st Earl Orrery (age 39) was created 1st Earl Orrery. Margaret Howard Countess Orrery (age 38) by marriage Countess Orrery.

On 05 Sep 1660 Oliver St George 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet St George of Carrickdrumrusk in Leitrim in the Peerage of England.

On 06 Sep 1660 Francis Boyle 1st Viscount Shannon (age 37) was created 1st Viscount Shannon. Elizabeth Killigrew Viscountess Shannon (age 38) by marriage Viscountess Shannon.

On 06 Sep 1660 Richard Coote 1st Baron Coote (age 40) was created 1st Baron Coote.

On 10 Sep 1660 Charles Gordon 1st Earl Aboyne (age 22) was created 1st Earl Aboyne.

Pepy's Diary. 10 Sep 1660. Office Day. News of the Duke's intention to go tomorrow to the fleet for a day or two to meet his sister. Col. Slingsby (age 49) and I to Whitehall, thinking to proffer our service to the Duke to wait upon him, but meeting with Sir G. Carteret (age 50) he sent us in all haste back again to hire two Catches for the present use of the Duke. So we returned and landed at the Bear [Map] at the Bridge foot, where we saw Southwark Fair (I having not at all seen Bartholomew Fair), and so to the Tower wharf, where we did hire two catches. So to the office and found Sir W. Batten (age 59) at dinner with some friends upon a good chine of beef, on which I ate heartily, I being very hungry. Home, where Mr. Snow (whom afterwards we called one another cozen) came to me to see me, and with him and one Shelston, a simple fellow that looks after an employment (that was with me just upon my going to sea last), to a tavern, where till late with them. So home, having drunk too much, and so to bed.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1663. I dined with Mr. Treasurer of the Navy (age 53), where, sitting by Mr. Secretary Morice (age 35), we had much discourse about books and authors, he being a learned man, and had a good collection.

Pepy's Diary. 10 Sep 1665. But before I come out there happened newes to come to the by an expresse from Mr. Coventry (age 37), telling me the most happy news of my Lord Sandwich's (age 40) meeting with part of the Dutch; his taking two of their East India ships, and six or seven others, and very good prizes and that he is in search of the rest of the fleet, which he hopes to find upon the Wellbancke, with the loss only of the Hector, poor Captain Cuttle. This newes do so overjoy me that I know not what to say enough to express it, but the better to do it I did walk to Greenwich, Kent [Map], and there sending away Mr. Andrews (age 33), I to Captain Cocke's (age 48), where I find my Lord Bruncker (age 45) and his mistress, and Sir J. Minnes (age 66). Where we supped (there was also Sir W. Doyly (age 51) and Mr. Evelyn (age 44)); but the receipt of this newes did put us all into such an extacy of joy, that it inspired into Sir J. Minnes (age 66) and Mr. Evelyn (age 44) such a spirit of mirth, that in all my life I never met with so merry a two hours as our company this night was. Among other humours, Mr. Evelyn's (age 44) repeating of some verses made up of nothing but the various acceptations of may and can, and doing it so aptly upon occasion of something of that nature, and so fast, did make us all die almost with laughing, and did so stop the mouth of Sir J. Minnes (age 66) in the middle of all his mirth (and in a thing agreeing with his own manner of genius), that I never saw any man so out-done in all my life; and Sir J. Minnes's (age 66) mirth too to see himself out-done, was the crown of all our mirth. In this humour we sat till about ten at night, and so my Lord (age 45) and his mistress home, and we to bed, it being one of the times of my life wherein I was the fullest of true sense of joy.

Pepy's Diary. 10 Sep 1667. At noon sent to by my Lord Bruncker (age 47) to speak with him, and it was to dine with him and his Lady Williams (which I have not now done in many months at their own table) and Mr. Wren (age 38), who is come to dine with them, the first time he hath been at the office since his being the Duke of York's (age 33) Secretary. Here we sat and eat and talked and of some matters of the office, but his discourse is as yet but weak in that matter, and no wonder, he being new in it, but I fear he will not go about understanding with the impatience that Sir W. Coventry (age 39) did.

Pepy's Diary. 10 Sep 1667. Thence I into St. James's Park, and there met Mr. Povy (age 53); and he and I to walk an hour or more in the Pell Mell [Map], talking of the times. He tells me, among other things, that this business of the Chancellor (age 58) do breed a kind of inward distance between the King (age 37) and the Duke of York (age 33), and that it cannot be avoided; for though the latter did at first move it through his folly, yet he is made to see that he is wounded by it, and is become much a less man than he was, and so will be: but he tells me that they are, and have always been, great dissemblers one towards another; and that their parting heretofore in France is never to be thoroughly reconciled between them. He tells me that he believes there is no such thing like to be, as a composition with my Baroness Castlemayne (age 26), and that she shall be got out of the way before the Parliament comes; for he says she is as high as ever she was, though he believes the King (age 37) is as weary of her as is possible, and would give any thing to remove her, but he is so weak in his passion that he dare not do it; that he do believe that my Chancellor (age 58) will be doing some acts in the Parliament which shall render him popular; and that there are many people now do speak kindly of him that did not before; but that, if he do do this, it must provoke the King (age 37), and that party that removed him. He seems to doubt what the King of France (age 29) will do, in case an accommodation shall be made between Spain and him for Flanders, for then he will have nothing more easy to do with his army than to subdue us. Parted with him at White Hall, and, there I took coach and took up my wife and Mercer, and so home and I to the office, where ended my letters, and then to my chamber with my boy to lay up some papers and things that lay out of order against to-morrow, to make it clear against the feast that I am to have. Here Mr. Pelling come to sit with us, and talked of musique and the musicians of the town, and so to bed, after supper.

On 10 Sep 1669 Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England (age 59) died.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1675. I was casually shown the Duchess of Portsmouth's (age 26) splendid apartment at Whitehall [Map], luxuriously furnished, and with ten times the richness and glory beyond the Queen's (age 36); such massy pieces of plate, whole tables, and stands of incredible icon.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1677. His lady (age 43) (being one of the Brederode's daughters, grandchild to a natural son of Henry Frederick, Prince of Orange) [Note. Evelyn confused here. Elisabeth Nassau Beverweert Countess Arlington (age 43) was the daughter of Louis Nassau Beverweert who was the illegitimate son of Prince Maurice I of Orange. Frederick Henry Orange Nassau II Prince Orange was the younger brother of Prince Maurice I of Orange.] is a good-natured and obliging woman. They love fine things, and to live easily, pompously, and hospitably; but, with so vast expense, as plunges my Lord (age 59) into debts exceedingly. My Lord (age 59) himself is given into no expensive vice but building, and to have all things rich, polite, and princely. He never plays, but reads much, having the Latin, French, and Spanish tongues in perfection. He has traveled much, and is the best bred and courtly person his Majesty (age 47) has about him, so as the public Ministers more frequent him than any of the rest of the nobility. While he was Secretary of State and Prime Minister, he had gotten vastly, but spent it as hastily, even before he had established a fund to maintain his greatness; and now beginning to decline in favor (the Duke being no great friend of his), he knows not how to retrench. He was son of a Doctor of Laws, whom I have seen, and, being sent from Westminster School [Map] to Oxford, with intention to be a divine, and parson of Arlington, a village near Brentford, when Master of Arts the Rebellion falling out, he followed the King's (age 47) Army, and receiving an HONORABLE WOUND IN THE FACE, grew into favor, and was advanced from a mean fortune, at his Majesty's (age 47) Restoration, to be an Earl and Knight of the Garter, Lord Chamberlain of the Household, and first favorite for a long time, during which the King (age 47) married his natural son, the Duke of Grafton (age 13), to his only daughter (age 9) and heiress, as before mentioned, worthy for her beauty and virtue of the greatest prince in Christendom. My Lord is, besides this, a prudent and understanding person in business, and speaks well; unfortunate yet in those he has advanced, most of them proving ungrateful. The many obligations and civilities I have received from this noble gentleman, extracts from me this character, and I am sorry he is in no better circumstances.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1677. To divert me, my Lord (age 59) would needs carry me to see Ipswich, Suffolk [Map], when we dined with one Mr. Mann by the way, who was Recorder of the town. There were in our company my Lord Huntingtower (age 28), son to the Duchess of Lauderdale (age 50), Sir Edward Bacon, a learned gentleman of the family of the great Chancellor Verulam, and Sir John Felton, with some other knights and gentlemen. After dinner came the bailiff and magistrates in their formalities with their maces to compliment my Lord (age 59), and invite him to the town-house, where they presented us a collation of dried sweetmeats and wine, the bells ringing, etc. Then, we went to see the town, and first, the Lord Viscount Hereford's (age 3) house, which stands in a park near the town, like that at Brussels, in Flanders; the house not great, yet pretty, especially the hall. The stews for fish succeeded one another, and feed one the other, all paved at bottom. There is a good picture of the blessed virgin in one of the parlors, seeming to be of Holbein, or some good master. Then we saw the Haven, seven miles from Harwich, Essex [Map]. The tide runs out every day, but the bedding being soft mud, it is safe for shipping and a station. The trade of Ipswich, Suffolk [Map] is for the most part Newcastle upon Tyne [Map] coals, with which they supply London; but it was formerly a clothing town. There is not any beggar asks alms in the whole place, a thing very extraordinary, so ordered by the prudence of the magistrates. It has in it fourteen or fifteen beautiful churches: in a word, it is for building, cleanness, and good order, one of the best towns in England. Cardinal Wolsey was a butcher's son of Ipswich, but there is little of that magnificent Prelate's foundation here, besides a school and I think a library, which I did not see. His intentions were to build some great thing. We returned late to Euston, Suffolk, having traveled about fifty miles this day.

Evelyn's Diary. 10 Sep 1677. The canal running under my Lady's (age 43) dressing room chamber window, is full of carps and fowl, which come and are fed there. The cascade at the end of the canal turns a cornmill that provides the family, and raises water for the fountains and offices. To pass this canal into the opposite meadows, Sir Samuel Morland (age 52) has invented a screw bridge, which, being turned with a key, lands you fifty feet distant at the entrance of an ascending walk of trees, a mile in length,-as it is also on the front into the park,-of four rows of ash trees, and reaches to the park pale, which is nine miles in compass, and the best for riding and meeting the game that I ever saw. There were now of red and fallow deer almost a thousand, with good covert, but the soil barren and flying sand, in which nothing will grow kindly. The tufts of fir, and much of the other wood, were planted by my direction some years before. This seat is admirably placed for field sports, hawking, hunting, or racing. The Mutton is small, but sweet. The stables hold thirty horses and four coaches. The out-offices make two large quadrangles, so as servants never lived with more ease and convenience; never master more civil. Strangers are attended and accommodated as at their home, in pretty apartments furnished with all manner of conveniences and privacy.

Hudibras On Samuel Butler Author of Hudibras. In the British Museum is the original injunction by authority, signed John Berkenhead, forbidding any printer, or other person whatsoever to print Hudibras, or any part thereof, without the consent or approbation of Samuel Butler (or Boteler), Esq.* or his assignees, given at White-hall, 10th September, 1677; copy of this injunction may be seen in the note1.

Note 1. CHARLES R.

Our will and pleasure is and we do hereby strictly charge and command that no printer, bookseller, stationer, or other person whatsoever within our kingdom of England or Ireland, do print, reprint, utter or sell, or cause to be printed, re-printed, uttered or sold, a book or poem called Hudibras, or any part thereof, without the consent and approbation of Samuel Boteler, Esq. or his assignees, as they and every of them will answer the contrary at their perils. Given at our Court at Whitehall, the tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord God 1677 and in the 29th year of our reign.

Note B. His Majesty's command,

J. BERKENHEAD.

Miscel. Papers, Mus. Brit. Bibl. Birch, No. 4293.

Before 10 Sep 1687 Willem Wissing (age 31). Portrait of Alice Sherard Baroness Brownlow (age 28).

Before 10 Sep 1687 Willem Wissing (age 31). Portrait of Dorothy Ferrers Countess Arran (age 32).

Dorothy Ferrers Countess Arran: Richard Butler 1st Earl Arran and she were married. She by marriage Countess Arran. He the son of James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde and Elizabeth Preston Duchess Ormonde. In 1655 she was born to John Ferrers and Anne Carlton On 30 Nov 1716 Dorothy Ferrers Countess Arran died.

Before 10 Sep 1687 Willem Wissing (age 31). Portrait of James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 76).

Roger Whitley's Diary. 10 Sep 1690. Wednesday, Mainwaring went to Edisbury's; Bidolph & sonne (age 39) & Morgan went a setting in afternoone; Traverse came back with them & supt; a man of Whitchurch brought venison from Frodesley.

On 10 Sep 1698 Theophilus Hastings 7th Earl Huntingdon (age 47) wrote to Laurence Cromp of the Herald's Office about his own monument. In the letter he says: "I have now made a perfect agreement, with Mr Gibbons (age 50) the Carver, in Bow Street for the monument which if made according to the modell, I shall like very well; I therefore desire you, to doe me the kindness to Call on him to see in what forwardnesse it is in, and what your judgement is of itt; particularly as to the armes ....". The Earl then talks about the Hastings Crest Bull's Head. The Earl's own monument does not include a Bull's Head so the letter does not appear to be about this. The wall monument does have a Bull's Head as part of the Hastings coat of arms so it could be this monument which the letter is about. However, the wall monument is similar in style to the chest tomb and so would appear to be of the same date. This would leave unresolved the question of why the Earl wrote at such length about the design of the Bull's Head. It also raises the issue of why there are two monuments to the 2nd Earl considering that the family were heavily in debt at the time. (Richard Parker was paid £20, equivalent to £16,600 today, for a similar chest tomb for the 1st Earl of Rutland). Source Church Monuments Society.

After 10 Sep 1792. Monument to Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington (deceased) at St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map] sculpted by Richard Cooke.

The armorial being Vane Arms impaled with Lowther Arms.

On 10 Sep 1797 Mary Wollstonecraft (age 38) died from childbirth eleven days after the birth of Mary Godwin aka Shelley.

On 10 Sep 1800 Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington (age 72) died. She has a monument sculpted by Richard Cooke at St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map] commissioned by her son William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland (age 34).

Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington: In 1728 she was born to Robert Lowther and Katherine Pennington. On 19 Mar 1757 Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington and she were married at London. He the son of Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 06 Mar 1758 Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington died. His son Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington succeeded 2nd Earl Darlington, 2nd Viscount Barnard, 4th Baron Barnard. She by marriage Countess Darlington.

St Conan aka Petroc's Church, Egloshayle [Map]. After 10 Sep 1845. Memorial to James Bruce Carstairs (age 75), commissioned by his daughter of Andalusia Carstairs Lady Molesworth (age 35), wife of William Molesworth 8th Baronet (age 35). The reference to him being the last Baronet of Kinross would appear to be a mistake although the last Baronet John Bruce 2nd Baronet had a sister Anne Bruce who married a John Carstairs of Kilconquhar?

On 10 Sep 1859 John Hay-Williams 2nd Baronet (age 65) died. Memorial at St Asaph Cathedral [Map] signed in Greek by L Droses of Athens, 1873. His brother Hugh Williams 3rd Baronet (age 57) succeeded 3rd Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.

John Hay-Williams 2nd Baronet: On 09 Jan 1794 he was born to John Williams 1st Baronet and Margaret Williams Lady Williams. In 1842 he and Sarah Elizabeth Amherst were married. She the daughter of William Pitt Amherst 1st Earl Amherst and Sarah Archer Countess Plymouth and Amherst.

After 10 Sep 1863. Church of St Mary, East Raynham [Map]. Memorial to John Townshend 4th Marquess Townshend (deceased) sculpted by George Gammon Adams (age 42).

Births on the 10th September

On 10 Sep 1503 Elisabeth of Hesse was born to William I Landgrave of Hesse (age 37).

On 10 Sep 1547 Landgrave George I of Hesse Darmstadt was born to Landgrave Philip I of Hesse (age 42) and Christine of Saxony (age 41).

On or before 10 Sep 1620 Elizabeth Bedell was born to Capell Bedell 1st Baronet (age 17) and Alice Fanshawe (age 23) at Ware, Hertfordshire [Map]. She was baptised on 10 Sep 1620.

On 10 Sep 1692 Francis Henry Fitzroy Lee was born to Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield (age 29) and Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield (age 28). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 10 Sep 1756 Robert Salusbury 1st Baronet was born to Robert Salusbury (age 33) and Gwenilian Davis.

On 10 Sep 1788 Ralph Franco aka Lopes 2nd Baronet was born to Abraham Franco (age 23) and Esther Lopes (age 22).

On 10 Sep 1812 Louisa Lascelles was born to Henry Lascelles 2nd Earl Harewood (age 44) and Henrietta Sebright Countess Harewood.

On 10 Sep 1818 Louisa Anne Adams Baroness Aldenham was born to William Adams aka Cockayne of Dummer Grange and Mary Anne Cockayne (age 37).

On 17 Jan 1824 William Henry Leigh 2nd Baron Leigh was born to Chandos Leigh 1st Baron Leigh (age 32) and Margarette Willes Baroness Leigh (age 25). He was baptised at St Mary Magdalene's Church, Adlestrop, and for a second time, at Church of the Virgin Mary, Stoneleigh [Map] on 10 Sep 1824. He was educated at Harrow School then Trinity College, Cambridge University [Map].

On 10 Sep 1826 William Beckett-Denison was born to Edmund Beckett aka Denison 4th Baronet (age 39) and Maria Beverley Lady Beckett (age 31).

On 10 Sep 1854 Violet Hermione Graham Duchess Montrose was born to Frederick Ulric Graham 3rd Baronet (age 34) and Jane Hermione Seymour Lady Graham (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.57%.

On 10 Sep 1883 Major John Delves Broughton 11th Baronet was born to Delves Louis Broughton 10th Baronet (age 26) and Rosamond Broughton (age 21).

On 10 Sep 1887 Henry Aubrey-Fletcher 6th Baronet was born to Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher 5th Baronet (age 41) and Emily Harriet Wade Lady Fletcher.

On 10 Sep 1974 Ralph Stonor 8th Baron Camoys was born to Thomas Stonor 7th Baron Camoys (age 34).

Marriages on the 10th September

Before 10 Sep 1217 William Redvers 5th Earl Devon and Mable de Beaumont were married. She the daughter of Robert Beaumont Count Meulan and Maud FitzRoy de Dunstanville of Cornwall (age 74). He the son of Baldwin Redvers 1st Earl Devon. She a great granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 10 Sep 1299 King Edward I of England (age 60) and Margaret of France Queen Consort England (age 20) were married at Canterbury Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort England. The difference in their ages was 39 years. She the daughter of King Philip III of France and Maria Reginar Queen Consort France (age 43). He the son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 27) was present.

On 10 Sep 1454 René Valois Anjou I Duke Anjou (age 45) and Jeanne Laval Duchess Anjou (age 20) were married at Abbey St Nicholas, Angers. She by marriage Duchess Anjou. The difference in their ages was 24 years. He the son of King Louis of Naples and Yolanda Barcelona Queen Consort Naples. They were second cousin twice removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

After 10 Sep 1497 Thomas Brandon and Elizabeth Dynham Baroness Fitzwarin were married.

Before 10 Sep 1510 Henry Ughtred 6th Baron Ughtred and Agnes Constable Baroness Ughtred were married. She by marriage Baroness Ughtred. They were third cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before 10 Sep 1547 Robert Graham Master of Montrose and Margaret Fleming Countess Atholl (age 18) were married. He the son of William Graham 2nd Earl Montrose (age 55) and Janet Keith Countess Montrose. They were half second cousins. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before 10 Sep 1584 William Burgh 8th Baron Cobham 6th Baron Strabolgi 2nd Baron Burgh (age 51) and Katherine Clinton Baroness Cobham, Strabolgi and Burgh (age 46) were married. She by marriage Baroness Cobham, Baroness Strabolgi, Baroness Burgh. She the daughter of Edward Clinton 1st Earl Lincoln (age 72) and Elizabeth "Bessie" Blount Baroness Clinton and Tailboys. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England.

After 10 Sep 1639 Robert Boyd 8th Lord Boyd (age 21) and Anne Fleming Countess Dalhousie were married. She the daughter of John Fleming 2nd Earl Wigtown (age 50) and Margaret Livingston Countess Wigtown.

Before 10 Sep 1647 John Evelyn (age 26) and Mary Browne (age 12) were married by Bishop John Earle (age 46) at Paris [Map]. She is first mentioned in his diary John Evelyn's Diary on 10th September 1647.

On 10 Sep 1853 Henry Gerard Sturt 1st Baron Alington (age 28) and Augusta Bingham Baroness Alington (age 21) were married. She the daughter of George Charles Bingham 3rd Earl Lucan (age 53) and Anne Brudenell Countess Lucan (age 44). They were first cousins.

Before 10 Sep 1854 Frederick Ulric Graham 3rd Baronet (age 34) and Jane Hermione Seymour Lady Graham (age 22) were married. She the daughter of Edward Adolphus Seymour 12th Duke of Somerset (age 49) and Jane Georgiana Sheridan Duchess Somerset (age 44). They were first cousin once removed.

On 10 Sep 1928 Christopher Addison 2nd Viscount Addison (age 23) and Brigit Williams Viscountess Addison were married.

On 10 Sep 1962 Erskine William Gladstone 7th Baronet (age 36) and Alexandra Hambro Lady Gladstone were married.

On 10 Sep 1977 Guy David Innes-Kerr 10th Duke Roxburghe (age 22) and Jane Meriel Grosvenor Duchess Roxburghe (age 24) were married. She by marriage Duchess Roxburghe. She the daughter of Robert George Grosvenor 5th Duke Westminster (age 67) and Viola Maud Lyttelton Duchess Westminster (age 65). He the son of George Victor Robert John Innes-Kerr 9th Duke Roxburghe and Margaret Elizabeth Mcconnel Duchess Roxburghe (age 58).

Deaths on the 10th September

On 10 Sep 918 Baldwin "Bald" II Margrave Flanders (age 52) died. His son Arnulf "Great" I Count Flanders (age 28) succeeded I Count Flanders.

On 10 Sep 954 Louis "Overseas" IV King West Francia (age 34) died. His son Lothair III King West Francia (age 13) succeeded III King West Francia.

On 10 Sep 1167 Empress Matilda (age 65) died. She was buried under the high alter at Bec Abbey [Map] during a service performed by Rotrou Newburgh Archbishop of Rouen. Her tomb's epitaph reads 'Great by birth, greater by marriage, greatest in her offspring: here lies Matilda, the daughter, wife, and mother of Henry'.

On 10 Sep 1198 Bishop Richard Fitzneal (age 68) died.

On 10 Sep 1316 John Fitzgerald 1st Earl of Kildare (age 66) died. His son Thomas Fitzgerald 2nd Earl of Kildare succeeded 2nd Earl Kildare.

On 10 Sep 1382 Louis I King Hungary King Poland (age 56) died. His daughter Mary Hungary I Queen Hungary (age 11) succeeded I Queen Hungary.

On 10 Sep 1384 Joan "Lame" Capet Countess Penthièvre (age 65) died.

On 10 Sep 1419 Charles "Victorious" VII King France (age 16) and John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 48) met on the bridge at Montereau to progress their peace negotiations. During the course of the discussions John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 48) was assassinated. His son Philip "Good" Valois III Duke Burgundy (age 23) succeeded III Duke Burgundy. Michelle Valois Duchess Burgundy (age 24) by marriage Duchess Burgundy.

On 10 Sep 1504 Philibert "Handsome Good" Savoy 2nd Duke Savoy (age 24) died. His half brother Charles 3rd Duke Savoy (age 17) succeeded 3rd Duke Savoy.

On 10 Sep 1547 William Parr 1st Baron Parr of Horton (age 64) died. He was buried at Horton, Northamptonshire. Baron Parr of Horton extinct.

On 10 Sep 1547 an English army commanded by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47) defeated a Scottish army commanded by James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran (age 31) and Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 58) at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh at Musselburgh.

The English army included John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland (age 43), Francis Talbot 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 47), Miles Partridge and Thomas Wentworth 2nd Baron Wentworth (age 22). John Thynne (age 32) and Edmund Brydges 2nd Baron Chandos (age 25) were knighted.

William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 26) accompanied Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (age 47).

John Forbes 6th Lord Forbes (age 82), Christopher Coningsby (age 31) and Edward Clere were killed.

John Thynne (age 32) was knighted after the battle.

The Scottish army included John Gordon 11th Earl Sutherland (age 22) who commanded the Rearguard and Gilbert Kennedy 3rd Earl Cassilis (age 32). John Stewart, Robert Douglas (age 41), John Livingston, Thomas Hamilton of Priestfield and Hugh Montgomerie were killed. John Hay 4th Lord Hay was captured but soon released.

Malcolm Fleming 3rd Lord Fleming (age 53) was killed. His son James Fleming 4th Lord Fleming (age 13) succeeded 4th Lord Fleming. Barbara Hamilton Lady Fleming by marriage Lord Fleming.

Robert Graham Master of Montrose was killed.

On 10 Sep 1558 David Lindsay 9th Earl Crawford (age 55) died. He had disinherited his own sons. His third cousin once removed David Lindsay 10th Earl Crawford (age 31) succeeded 10th Earl Crawford.

On 10 Sep 1569 Bishop Gilbert Bourne died.

On 10 Sep 1640 Anthony Abdy (age 60) died. Thomas Abdy 1st Baronet (age 28) inherited Felix Hall, Essex.

On 10 Sep 1669 Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England (age 59) died.

On 10 Sep 1687 Willem Wissing (age 31) died at Burghley House. He was buried at St Martin's Church, Stamford [Map].

On 10 Sep 1747 Juliana Alington Viscountess Howe (age 98) died.

On 10 Sep 1772 Henry Herbert 1st Earl Powis (age 69) died at Bath, Somerset [Map]. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Welshpool. His son George Edward Henry Arthur Herbert 2nd Earl Powis (age 17) succeeded 2nd Earl Powis.

On 10 Sep 1800 Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington (age 72) died. She has a monument sculpted by Richard Cooke at St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map] commissioned by her son William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland (age 34).

Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington: In 1728 she was born to Robert Lowther and Katherine Pennington. On 19 Mar 1757 Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington and she were married at London. He the son of Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 06 Mar 1758 Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington died. His son Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington succeeded 2nd Earl Darlington, 2nd Viscount Barnard, 4th Baron Barnard. She by marriage Countess Darlington.

On 10 Sep 1831 Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 89) died at Henrietta Street Covent Garden. She was buried at Grosvenor Chapel.

On 10 Sep 1839 James Maitland 8th Earl Lauderdale (age 80) died at Thirlestane Castle, Lauder. His son James Maitland 9th Earl Lauderdale (age 55) succeeded 9th Earl Lauderdale.

On 10 Sep 1851 Archdeacon Anthony Hamilton (age 73) died.

On 10 Sep 1859 John Hay-Williams 2nd Baronet (age 65) died. Memorial at St Asaph Cathedral [Map] signed in Greek by L Droses of Athens, 1873. His brother Hugh Williams 3rd Baronet (age 57) succeeded 3rd Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.

John Hay-Williams 2nd Baronet: On 09 Jan 1794 he was born to John Williams 1st Baronet and Margaret Williams Lady Williams. In 1842 he and Sarah Elizabeth Amherst were married. She the daughter of William Pitt Amherst 1st Earl Amherst and Sarah Archer Countess Plymouth and Amherst.

On 10 Sep 1860 Francis Blake 3rd Baronet (age 86) died. Baronet Blake of Twizel Castle in County Durham extinct.

On 10 Sep 1873 Mary Caroline Berkeley Duchess Grafton (age 78) died.

On 10 Sep 1894 George Milles 1st Earl Sondes (age 69) died. His son George Milles-Lade 2nd Earl Sondes (age 33) succeeded 2nd Earl Sondes, 2nd Viscount Throwley, 6th Baron Sondes.

On 10 Sep 1948 Hamar Greenwood 1st Viscount Greenwood (age 78) died. His son David Henry Hamar Greenwood 2nd Viscount Greenwood (age 34) succeeded 2nd Viscount Greenwood of Holbourne in London, 2nd Baron Greenwood of Llanbister in Radnorshire and 2nd Baronet Greenwood of Onslow Gardens in Kensington.