On this Day in History ... 22nd November
22 Nov is in November.
Events on the 22nd November
Bede. When they who had gone thither had spent some years teaching in Frisland, Pippin (age 60), with the consent of them all, sent the venerable Wilbrord (age 37) to Rome, Italy [Map], where Sergius was still pope, desiring that he might be consecrated archbishop over the nation of the Frisians; which was accordingly done, as he had made request, in the year of our Lord 696. He was consecrated in the church of the Holy Martyr Cecilia, on her festival; and the said pope gave him the name of Clement, and forthwith sent him back to his bishopric, to wit, fourteen days after his arrival in the city.
On 22 Nov 845 Lambert Guideschi II Count Nantes fought at Redon during the Battle of Ballon.
On 22 Nov 1220 Frederick I King Jerusalem II Holy Roman Emperor (age 25) was crowned II Holy Roman Emperor. Isabella Plantagenet Holy Roman Empress (age 6) by marriage Holy Roman Empress.
Liber de Antiquis Legibus 1255. 22 Nov 1255. In the same year, upon the Feast of Saint Cecilia [22 November], which was on a Monday, two-and-ninety Jews were brought to Westminster from Lincoln, and were imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map], for the death of a certain male child, whom they purposely slew at Lincoln, in despite of the Christian faith. Eighteen of these, who, when the King was at Lincoln, had declined to put themselves upon the verdict of Christians, without Jews, as concerning that death, and had been then indicted for the same before the King, were on the same day drawn, and, after the hour of dinner, and towards the close of the day, hanged. The other 74 were taken back to the Tower.
On 22 Nov 1392 Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland (age 30) was killed whilst hunting at Louvain [Map]. His uncle Aubrey de Vere 10th Earl of Oxford (age 54) succeeded 10th Earl of Oxford.
On 22 Nov 1515 Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland was born to Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 19) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 22) at Bar le Duc.
On 22 Nov 1529 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 29) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%.
On 22 Nov 1532 Anna Oldenburg was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 29) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 21).
Letters and Papers 1535. 22 Nov 1535. 873. After the Earl of Kildare (age 22) had been hunting for a fortnight with the King, he was put into the Tower, where his father died, and whence no one comes out except to execution.
The French king has sent to England, in addition to the Ambassador now there, a relative of the Grand Master, called the bailiff of Troyes. He visited Anne Boleyn's daughter as if she were princess, and told the French ambassador afterwards that he did it to comply with her mother's request. The king of England has sent the bishop of "Excestre" (fn. 4) to France. Formerly he was counted among the good, who disapproved of the King's deeds, but now he is one of the worst.
Letters and Papers 1535. 22 Nov 1535. 873. They have taken the able persons out of some monasteries, and left the infirm (inhabiles) with so little to maintain them that they are constrained to leave their religion. They have taken all the nuns under twenty-five years from the monastery. One of the commissaries spoke improperly to the nuns, who rebuked him, saying that their Apostolic privileges were broken. The commissary replied that he had more power on behalf of the King than the whole Apostolic See. When the nuns referred their complaint to Cromwell, the King's secretary, by whom these ill deeds are done, he replied that this was only the prologue (que esto no era el introito)1.
The sons of knights are made abbots, even though they are young, that they may collect the rents. The heads of the holy cardinal of Rochester, the holy Thomas More, and another holy Carthusian Martyr were set up at the gate of London. Rochester's head was always fresher, although the others were turning black. Seeing that the people noticed it, the heads have been thrown into the river.
The cardinals who are commissioned to attend to the English cause have published that they wish at once to declare the King deprived of his kingdom, and his subjects absolved from their oath of allegiance. However, the minute which they have drawn up is only monitory.
Asks the Empress to have continual prayer made for the Queen and Princess. Rome, 22 Nov. 1535.
Sp., pp. 7. Modern copy.
Note 1. No doubt there is an error in the copy. "Only the prologue" is evidently meant.
Letters and Papers 1535. 22 Nov 1535. Add. MS. 28,588, f. 47. B. M. 873. Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.
Wrote on Sept. 1 and 8 and Oct. 24. The Ambassador in England wrote on the 14th Oct. that the Queen and Princess were well, and sent a servant of his here, who left on the 5th to go to the Emperor. He brought letters from the Queen, which she said she sent as her last testament, because, considering her present state and the orders made in the Parliament of this November, it appears likely that she and the Princess (age 19) will be sentenced to martyrdom, which she was ready to receive in testimony of the Holy Faith, as the cardinal of Rochester and other holy martyrs had done. She only grieves that her life has not been as holy as theirs, and she is in great sorrow for the multitude of souls who are daily condemned.
The Princess with only three women is in the same house as the daughter of the Wench (age 34) ("la Manceba"), under the charge of the Wench's aunt (age 60). Formerly the Ambassador was allowed to send to her two days a week, but now this leave has been taken away. When she asked to be allowed to live with her mother she was refused, because it would make her more obstinate in disobeying the statutes, which was not safe in consequence of the penalty imposed by them. The King told his mistress that while he lived (viniere, error for viviere?) the Princess should not marry. She has told the King several times that it is the Princess who causes war, and that it will be necessary to treat her as the cardinal of Rochester has been treated. She has often said of the Princess "She is my death and I am hers; so I will take care that she shall not laugh at me after my death." When the Ambassador asked for certain money due to the Queen from the time she held the lands "de sus arras," it was refused, and he was told that he should see if the Queen would consent to live at less expense, and that the King bore her expenses.
Chronicle of Greyfriars. 22 Nov 1538. This year the 22nd day of November was one Lambert, otherwise called Nicolas, was burned in Smithfield for great heresy.
On 22 Nov 1602 Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain was born to Henry IV King France (age 48) and Marie de Medici Queen Consort France (age 27).
On 22 Nov 1610 Marie Elisabeth of Saxony Duchess Holstein Gottorp was born to John George Wettin Elector Saxony (age 25).
Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. 22 Nov 1621. For my private studies, I made some reasonahle entrance into them this month; but residing yet in a gentleman's chamber in the Temple, (where I had continued during my stay in London, ever since the 20th day of April last past,) I was often hindered by him, or company coming to visit him; and I saw plainly also that my stay with him was many ways inconvenient to his own privacy. So growing weary of any further stay there, nor well knowing whither to betake myself, it pleased God, amidst my many troubles, to afford me one great content by the attaining of the possession of mine own chamber in the Middle Temple upon Thursday, November 22, into which I was admitted in the year 1611, upon the decease of Richard Simonds, Esq., my mother's father, whose study I had, and my father's chamber, in which himself had resided, keeping there with my said grandfather, before he bought the Six Clerks' Office. All which circumstances had much whetted on my desire to attain it; hoping thereby, in some good measure to redeem, though I could not recall, my long misspent time, for above a whole year passed since my leaving the University.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1660. This morning came the carpenters to make me a door at the other side of my house, going into the entry, which I was much pleased with. At noon my wife and I walked to the Old Exchange, and there she bought her a white whisk1 and put it on, and I a pair of gloves, and so we took coach for Whitehall to Mr. Fox's (age 33), where we found Mrs. Fox within, and an alderman of London paying £1000 or £1500 in gold upon the table for the King, which was the most gold that ever I saw together in my life. Mr. Fox (age 33) came in presently and did receive us with a great deal of respect; and then did take my wife and I to the Queen's (age 50) presence-chamber; where he got my wife placed behind the Queen's (age 50) chair, and I got into the crowd, and by and by the Queen (age 50) and the two Princesses came to dinner. The Queen (age 50) a very little plain old woman, and nothing more in her presence in any respect nor garb than any ordinary woman. The Princess of Orange I had often seen before. The Princess Henrietta is very pretty, but much below my expectation; and her dressing of herself with her hair frized short up to her ears, did make her seem so much the less to me. But my wife standing near her with two or three black patches on, and well dressed, did seem to me much handsomer than she. Dinner being done, we went to Mr. Fox's (age 33) again, where many gentlemen dined with us, and most princely dinner, all provided for me and my friends, but I bringing none but myself and wife, he did call the company to help to eat up so much good victuals. At the end of dinner, my Lord Sandwich's (age 35) health was drunk in the gilt tankard that I did give to Mrs. Fox the other day. After dinner I had notice given me by Will my man that my Lord did inquire for me, so I went to find him, and met him and the Duke of York (age 27) in a coach going towards Charing Cross. I endeavoured to follow them but could not, so I returned to Mr. Fox (age 33), and after much kindness and good discourse we parted from thence. I took coach for my wife and me homewards, and I light at the Maypole in the Strand, and sent my wife home. I to the new playhouse and saw part of the "Traitor", a very good Tragedy; Mr. Moon did act the Traitor very well. So to my Lord's, and sat there with my Lady a great while talking. Among other things, she took occasion to inquire (by Madame Dury's late discourse with her) how I did treat my wife's father and mother. At which I did give her a good account, and she seemed to be very well opinioned of my wife. From thence to White Hall at about 9 at night, and there, with Laud the page that went with me, we could not get out of Henry the Eighth's gallery into the further part of the boarded gallery, where my Lord was walking with my Lord Ormond; and we had a key of Sir S. Morland's, but all would not do; till at last, by knocking, Mr. Harrison the door-keeper did open us the door, and, after some talk with my Lord about getting a catch to carry my Lord St. Albans a goods to France, I parted and went home on foot, it being very late and dirty, and so weary to bed.
Note 1. A gorget or neckerchief worn by women at this time. "A woman's neck whisk is used both plain and laced, and is called of most a gorget or falling whisk, because it falleth about the shoulders". -Randle Hohnt (quoted by Planche).
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1662. Thence to the office, where I sat all the morning, then dined; Mr. Moore with me, at home, my wife busy putting her furniture in order. Then he and I out, and he home and I to my cozen Roger Pepys (age 45) to advise about treating with my uncle Thomas, and thence called at the Wardrobe on Mr. Moore again, and so home, and after doing much business at my office I went home and caused a new fashion knocker to be put on my door, and did other things to the putting my house in order, and getting my outward door painted, and the arch. This day I bought the book of country dances against my wife's woman Gosnell comes, who dances finely; and there meeting Mr. Playford (age 39) he did give me his Latin songs of Mr. Deering's, which he lately printed. This day Mr. Moore told me that for certain the Queen-Mother (age 52) is married to my Lord St. Albans (age 57), and he is like to be made Lord Treasurer (age 55). Newes that Sir J. Lawson (age 47) hath made up a peace now with Tunis and Tripoli, as well as Argiers, by which he will come home very highly honoured.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1664. Thence to my Chancellor's (age 55), and there staid long with Sir W. Batten (age 63) and Sir J. Minnes (age 65), to speak with my Lord about our Prize Office business; but, being sicke and full of visitants, we could not speak with him, and so away home. Where Sir Richard Ford (age 50) did meet us with letters from Holland this day, that it is likely the Dutch fleete will not come out this year; they have not victuals to keep them out, and it is likely they will be frozen before they can get back. Captain Cocke (age 47) is made Steward for sick and wounded seamen.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1664. So home to supper, where troubled to hear my poor boy Tom has a fit of the stone, or some other pain like it. I must consult Mr. Holliard (age 55) for him. So at one in the morning home to bed.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1664. I wrote a letter to my mind and, after eating a bit at home (Mr. Sheply dining and taking his leave of me), abroad and to Sir G. Carteret (age 54) with the letter and thence to my Lord Treasurer's (age 57); wherewith Sir Philip Warwicke (age 54) long studying all we could to make the last year swell as high as we could. And it is much to see how he do study for the King (age 34), to do it to get all the money from the Parliament all he can: and I shall be serviceable to him therein, to help him to heads upon which to enlarge the report of the expense. He did observe to me how obedient this Parliament was for awhile, and the last sitting how they begun to differ, and to carp at the King's officers; and what they will do now, he says, is to make agreement for the money, for there is no guess to be made of it. He told me he was prepared to convince the Parliament that the Subsidys are a most ridiculous tax (the four last not rising to £40,000), and unequall. He talks of a tax of Assessment of £70,000 for five years; the people to be secured that it shall continue no longer than there is really a warr; and the charges thereof to be paid. He told me, that one year of the late Dutch warr cost £1,623,000.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1664. At the office all the morning. Sir G. Carteret (age 54), upon a motion of Sir W. Batten's (age 63), did promise, if we would write a letter to him, to shew it to the King (age 34) on our behalf touching our desire of being Commissioners of the Prize office.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1665. Up, and by water to the Duke of Albemarle (age 56), and there did some little business, but most to shew myself, and mightily I am yet in his and Lord Craven's (age 57) books, and thence to the Swan [Map] and there drank and so down to the bridge, and so to the 'Change [Map], where spoke with many people, and about a great deale of business, which kept me late.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1665. I heard this day that Mr. Harrington is not dead of the plague, as we believed, at which I was very glad, but most of all, to hear that the plague is come very low; that is, the whole under 1,000, and the plague 600 and odd: and great hopes of a further decrease, because of this day's being a very exceeding hard frost, and continues freezing.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1666. At noon home to dinner, where my wife and I fell out, I being displeased with her cutting away a lace handkercher sewed about the neck down to her breasts almost, out of a belief, but without reason, that it is the fashion. Here we did give one another the lie too much, but were presently friends, and then I to my office, where very late and did much business, and then home, and there find Mr. Batelier, and did sup and play at cards awhile. But he tells me the newes how the King of France (age 28) hath, in defiance to the King of England (age 36), caused all his footmen to be put into vests, and that the noblemen of France will do the like; which, if true, is the greatest indignity ever done by one Prince to another, and would incite a stone to be revenged; and I hope our King will, if it be so, as he tells me it is1 being told by one that come over from Paris with my Lady Fanshaw (age 41), who is come over with the dead body of her husband, and that saw it before he come away. This makes me mighty merry, it being an ingenious kind of affront; but yet it makes me angry, to see that the King (age 36) of England is become so little as to have the affront offered him. So I left my people at cards, and so to my chamber to read, and then to bed.
Note 1. Planche throws some doubt on this story in his "Cyclopaedia of Costume" (vol. ii., p. 240), and asks the question, "Was Mr. Batelier hoaxing the inquisitive secretary, or was it the idle gossip of the day, as untrustworthy as such gossip is in general?" But the same statement was made by the author of the "Character of a Trimmer", who wrote from actual knowledge of the Court: "About this time a general humour, in opposition to France, had made us throw off their fashion, and put on vests, that we might look more like a distinct people, and not be under the servility of imitation, which ever pays a greater deference to the original than is consistent with the equality all independent nations should pretend to. France did not like this small beginning of ill humours, at least of emulation; and wisely considering, that it is a natural introduction, first to make the world their apes, that they may be afterwards their slaves. It was thought, that one of the instructions Madame(Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans)The story alluded to by Pepys, which belongs not to the reign of Richard III, but to that of Edward brought along with her, was to laugh us out of these vests; which she performed so effectually, that in a moment, like so many footmen who had quitted their master's livery, we all took it again, and returned to our old service; so that the very time of doing it gave a very critical advantage to France, since it looked like an evidence of our returning to her interest, as well as to their fashion. "The Character of a Trimmer" ("Miscellanies by the Marquis of Halifax", 1704, p. 164). Evelyn reports that when the King (age 36) expressed his intention never to alter this fashion, "divers courtiers and gentlemen gave his Majesty gold by way of wager that he would not persist in this resolution" ("Diary", October 18th, 1666).
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1666. Up, and to the office, where we sat all the morning, and my Lord Bruncker (age 46) did show me Hollar's (age 59) new print of the City, with a pretty representation of that part which is burnt, very fine indeed; and tells me that he was yesterday sworn the King's servant, and that the King (age 36) hath commanded him to go on with his great map of the City, which he was upon before the City was burned, like Gombout of Paris, which I am glad of.
Pepy's Diary. 22 Nov 1667. Up betimes, and drinking my morning draught of strong water with Betty Michell, I had not opportunity para baiser la, I by water to White Hall, and there met Creed, and thence with him to Westminster Hall [Map], where we talked long together of news, and there met with Cooling, my Lord Camberlain's Secretary, and from him learn the truth of all I heard last night; and understand further, that this stiffness of the Lords is in no manner of kindness to my Chancellor (age 58), for he neither hath, nor do, nor for the future likely can oblige any of them, but rather the contrary; but that they do fear what the consequence may be to themselves, should they yield in his case, as many of them have reason. And more, he shewed me how this is rather to the wrong and prejudice of my Chancellor (age 58); for that it is better for him to come to be tried before the Lords, where he can have right and make interest, than, when the Parliament is up, be committed by the King (age 37), and tried by a Court on purpose made by the King (age 37), of what Lords the King (age 37) pleases, who have a mind to have his head. So that my Lord [Cornbury] himself, his son, he tells me, hath moved, that if they have Treason against my Lord of Clarendon (age 58), that they would specify it and send it up to the Lords, that he might come to his trial; so full of intrigues this business is! Having now a mind to go on and to be rid of Creed, I could not, but was forced to carry him with me to the Excise Office, and thence to the Temple [Map], and there walked a good while in the Temple [Map] church, observing the plainness of Selden's tomb, and how much better one of his executors hath, who is buried by him, and there I parted with him and took coach and home, where to dinner.
Roger Whitley's Diary. 22 Nov 1690. Satorday, dined at Bacchus with 2 Mainwarings, Bellot, Borage, &c. went to Williams at Grays Inne; then to Temple Taverne; there was 2 Mainwarings, Bidolph, Streete, Whitaker, Cumberbach, Parry, Minshall,&c. parted about 10.
Evelyn's Diary. 22 Nov 1694. Visited the Bishop of Lincoln (age 58) [Tenison] newly come on the death of the Archbishop of Canterbury (age 64), who a few days before had a paralytic stroke,-the same day and month that Archbishop Sancroft was put out. A very sickly time, especially the smallpox, of which divers considerable persons died. The State lottery drawing, Mr. Cock, a French refugee, and a President in the Parliament of Paris for the Reformed, drew a lot of £1,000 per annum.
Archaeologia Volume 9 Appendix. Nov. 22, 1787.
Mr. Lyson's exhibited an urn taken out of a tumulus or barrow [Windmill Tump aka Rodmarton Long Barrow [Map]], in a field called Inlands, near Hazleden, in the parish of Rodmarton and county of Gloucester, in the year 1779. It was deposited in the centre of the tumulus, in a pentagonal cell about two feet five inches in depth, formed by five large hewn stones, over which was placed another very large stone to secure it.
The tumulus from the top of it to the level of the field in which it stood was somewhat more than ten feet in depth, and consisted of fine black earth mixed with wood ashes, except a stratum of rubbish twenty inches in depth from the top. In the urn was a considerable quantity of ashes and burnt bones.
Another smaller tumulus adjoining to the one above mentioned was also opened at the same time, in which the urn was not deposited in a cell, but buried in the earth, so that it could not be taken out entire. Such parts as could be preserved of it were exhibited, from which it appears to have been of the same kind as the preceding.
On 22 Nov 1790 Bishop Charles Richard Sumner to Robert Sumner.
Greville Memoirs. 22 Nov 1830. Dined yesterday at Sefton's; nobody there but Lord Grey and his family, Brougham and Montrond, the latter just come from Paris. It was excessively agreeable. Lord Grey in excellent spirits, and Brougham, whom Sefton bantered from the beginning to the end of dinner.22 Be Brougham's political errors what they may, his gaiety, temper, and admirable social qualities make him delightful, to say nothing of his more solid merits, of liberality, generosity, and charity; for charity it is to have taken the whole family of one of his brothers who is dead—nine children—and maintained and educated them. From this digression to return to our dinner: it was uncommonly gay. Lord Grey said he had taken a task on himself which he was not equal to, prided himself on having made his arrangements so rapidly, and on having named no person to any office who was not efficient; he praised Lyndhurst highly, said he liked him, that his last speech was luminous, and that he should like very much to do anything he could for him, but that it was such an object to have Brougham on the Woolsack. So I suppose he would not dislike to take in Lyndhurst by-and-by. He would not tell us whom he has got for the Ordnance. John Russell was to have had the War Office, but Tavistock23 entreated that the appointment might be changed, as his brother's health was unequal to it; so he was made Paymaster. Lord Grey said he had more trouble with those offices than with the Cabinet ones. Sefton did nothing but quiz Brougham—'My Lord' every minute, and 'What does his Lordship say?' 'I'm sure it is very condescending of his Lordship to speak to such canaille as all of you,' and a thousand jokes. After dinner he walked out before him with the fire shovel for the mace, and left him no repose all the evening. I wish Leach could have heard Brougham. He threatened to sit often at the Cockpit, in order to check Leach24, who, though a good judge in his own Court, was good for nothing in a Court of Appeal; he said that Leach's being Chancellor was impossible, as there were forty-two appeals from him to the Chancellor, which he would have had to decide himself; and that he (Brougham) had wanted the Seal to be put in Commission with three judges, which would have been the best reform of the Court, expedited business, and satisfied suitors; but that Lord Grey would not hear of it, and had forced him to take it, which he was averse to do, being reluctant to leave the House of Commons.
Note 22. Lord Brougham had taken his seat on the Woolsack as Lord High Chancellor on the afternoon of this day, the 22nd of November. The patent of his peerage bore the same date.
Note 23. The Marquis of Tavistock (age 42), Lord John Russell's (age 38) eldest brother, afterwards Duke of Bedford. Lord John has since held almost every Cabinet office: his brother's notion that his health was unequal to the War Office in 1830 is amusing.
Note 24. The Master of the Rolls was at that time the presiding Judge of Appeal at the Privy Council, which was commonly spoken of as 'the Cockpit,' because it sat on the site of the old Cockpit at Whitehall; but the business was very ill done, which led Lord Brougham to bring in and carry his Act for the creation of the Judicial Committee in 1832—one of his best and most successful measures.
Greville Memoirs. 22 Nov 1831. My satisfaction was yesterday considerably damped by what I heard of the pending negotiation concerning Reform. Agar Ellis at Roehampton talked with great doubt of its being successful, which I attributed to his ignorance of what had passed, but I fear it is from his knowledge that the Government mean, in fact, to give up nothing of importance. George Bentinck came to me in the morning, and told me he had discovered from the Duke of Richmond that the concessions were not only to be all one way, but that the altered Bill would be, in fact, more objectionable than the last, inasmuch as it is more democratic in its tendency, so much so that Richmond is exceedingly dissatisfied himself, for he has always been the advocate of the aristocratic interest in the Cabinet, and has battled to make the Bill less adverse to it. Now he says he can contend no longer, for he is met by the unanswerable argument that their opponents are ready to concede more. I own I was alarmed, and my mind misgave me when I heard of the extreme satisfaction of Althorp and Co.; and I always dreaded that Wharncliffe (age 55), however honest and well-meaning, had not calibre enough to conduct such a negotiation, and might be misled by his vanity. He bustles about the town, chatting away to all the people he meets, and I fear is both ignorant himself of what he is about and involuntarily deceiving others too; he is in a fool's paradise. I spoke to Henry de Ros about this last night, who seemed by no means aware of it, and it is difficult to believe that Lyndhurst and Harrowby should not be perfectly alive to all the consequences of Wharncliffe's (age 55) proceedings, or that they would sanction them if they had really the tendency that George Bentinck gives me to understand.
After 22 Nov 1858. Monument to Caroline Fane (deceased), wife of Charles Chaplin (age 72) commissioned by her two nieces Louisa Anne Fleming Fane (age 44) and Julia Charlotte Fane (age 33) at St Oswald's Church, Blankney.
The London Gazette 24843. War Office, May 8, 1880. THE Queen has been graciously pleased to signify Her intention to confer the decoration of the Victoria Cross upon the undermentioned Officer, whose claim to the same has been submitted for Her Majesty's approval, for his gallant conduct at Konoma, on the Eastern Frontier of India, as recorded against his name; viz.:
Bengal Staff Corps. Captain Richard Kirby Ridgeway. For conspicuous gallantry throughout the attack on Konoma, on the 22nd November, 1879, more especially in the final assault, when, under a heavy fire from the enemy, he rushed up to a barricade and attempted to tear down the planking surrounding it, to enable him to effect an entrance, in which act he received a very severe rifle shot wound in the left shoulder.
The London Gazette 25040. War Office, Pall Mall, 22nd November, 1881.
The Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), General Sir Richard Wilbraham (age 70), K.C.B., from the 2nd Battalion the South Staffordshire Regiment, to be Colonel, vice General Richard, Lord Airey, G.C.B., deceased. Dated 15th September, 1881.
On 22 Nov 1886 Susan Liddell Countess Hardwicke (age 76) died. Monument in St Andrew's Church, Wimpole [Map].
Susan Liddell Countess Hardwicke: On 11 Jan 1810 she was born to Thomas Liddell 1st Baron Ravensworth and Maria Susannah Simpson Baroness Calthorpe. In Aug 1833 Charles Yorke 4th Earl of Hardwicke and she were married. On 18 Nov 1834 Philip Yorke 3rd Earl of Hardwicke died. He was buried in St Andrew's Church, Wimpole. His nephew Charles Yorke 4th Earl of Hardwicke succeeded 4th Earl Hardwicke, 4th Viscount Royston. She by marriage Countess Hardwicke.
On 22 Nov 1926 Francis Pelham 7th Earl Chichester (age 21) died of pneumonia unmarried at Stanmer Park Falmer Brighton. His brother John Pelham 8th Earl of Chichester (age 14) succeeded 8th Earl Chichester, 9th Baron Pelham of Stanmer in Sussex and 13th Baronet Pelham of Laughton.
On 22 Nov 1941 Henry Burrows Shiffner 7th Baronet (age 39) was killed in action. His son Henry David Shiffner 8th Baronet (age 11) succeeded 8th Baronet Shiffner of Coombe in Sussex.
On 22 Nov 1963 President John Fitzgerald Kennedy (age 46) was killed.
On 22 Nov 1975 Juan Carlos I King Spain (age 37) was restored I King Spain.
Births on the 22nd November
On 22 Nov 1428 Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury was born to Richard Neville Earl Salisbury (age 28) and Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury (age 21). He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 22 Nov 1515 Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland was born to Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 19) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 22) at Bar le Duc.
On 22 Nov 1521 Edmund Sheffield 1st Baron Sheffield was born to Robert Sheffield and Jane Stanley.
On 22 Nov 1529 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 29) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%.
On 22 Nov 1532 Anna Oldenburg was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 29) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 21).
On 22 Nov 1564 Henry Brooke 11th Baron Cobham was born to William Brooke 10th Baron Cobham (age 37) and Frances Newton Baroness Cobham (age 25).
On 22 Nov 1602 Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain was born to Henry IV King France (age 48) and Marie de Medici Queen Consort France (age 27).
On 22 Nov 1610 Marie Elisabeth of Saxony Duchess Holstein Gottorp was born to John George Wettin Elector Saxony (age 25).
On 22 Nov 1675 Charles de Vere was born to Aubrey de Vere 20th Earl of Oxford (age 48) and Diana Kirke Countess of Oxford. He was baptised on 09 Dec 1675 at St Martin in the Fields [Map]. Died as an infant.
On 22 Nov 1696 Frances Boothby was born to William Boothby 3rd Baronet (age 32).
On 22 Nov 1706 Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough was born to Charles Spencer 3rd Earl of Sunderland (age 31) and Anne Churchill Countess Sunderland (age 23).
On 22 Nov 1728 John Shaw 4th Baronet was born to John Shaw 3rd Baronet (age 41) and Anna Maria Barnardiston Lady Shaw (age 31). He was baptised on 19 Dec 1728 at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham.
On 22 Nov 1753 David Carnegie 4th Baronet was born to James Carnegie 3rd Baronet (age 37).
On 22 Nov 1777 Charles Marsham 2nd Earl Romney was born to Charles Marsham 1st Earl Romney (age 33) and Frances Wyndham Countess Romney (age 22).
On 22 Nov 1782 Bishop Richard Bagot was born to William Bagot 1st Baron Bagot (age 54) and Elizabeth St John Baroness Bagot.
On 22 Nov 1799 Arthur Perceval was born to Charles George Perceval 1st and 2nd Baron Arden (age 43) and Margaretta Elizabeth Wilson Baroness Arden (age 31).
On 22 Nov 1799 Percy Ashburnham was born to George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham (age 38) and Charlotte Percy Countess Ashburham (age 23).
On 22 Nov 1800 Richard Noel Noel-Hill 5th Baron Berwick was born to Richard Noel-Hill 4th Baron Berwick (age 26) and Frances Maria Owen (age 15).
On 22 Nov 1800 William Montagu Ramey Home was born to Alexander Ramey Home 10th Earl of Home (age 31) and Elizabeth Scott Countess Home.
On 22 Nov 1810 Charles William Blunt 6th Baronet was born to Richard Charles Blunt (age 33).
On 22 Nov 1826 Marcia Charlotte Emma Cholmondeley was born to William Cholmondeley 3rd Marquess Cholmondeley (age 26) and Marcia Emma Georgiana Arbuthnot Marchioness Cholmondeley (age 22).
On 22 Nov 1831 Richard George Glyn 3rd Baronet was born to Robert Thomas John Glyn (age 43) and Fredericka Louisa Elizabeth Harford (age 34).
On 22 Nov 1833 Henry Bentinck Boyle 5th Earl Shannon was born to Richard Boyle 4th Earl Shannon (age 24) and Emily Henrietta Seymour-Conway Countess Shannon.
On 22 Nov 1845 Maud Frances Vivian was born to Charles Vivian 2nd Baron Vivian (age 36).
On 22 Nov 1846 Robert Jocelyn 4th Earl Roden was born to Robert Jocelyn (age 30) and Frances Elizabeth Cowper (age 26).
On 22 Nov 1856 Ella Cicely Mary Clifton was born to Augustus Wykeham Clifton (age 27) and Bertha Lelgarde Rawdon-Hastings 22nd Baroness Grey Ruthyn (age 21).
On 22 Nov 1857 Henry Hamilton Erroll Chamberlain 4th Baronet was born to Henry Orlando Robert Chamberlain 3rd Baronet (age 29).
On 22 Nov 1862 Nina Emily Hill-Trevor was born to Arthur Edwin Hill aka Hill-Trevor 1st Baron Trevor (age 43) and Mary Catherine Curzon Baroness Trevor (age 24).
On 22 Nov 1869 George Franklin Reade 10th Baronet was born to George Compton Reade 9th Baronet (age 23) and Melissa Ray Lady Reade.
On 22 Nov 1873 Frederick George Morgan 5th Baron Tredegar was born to Frederick Courtenay Morgan (age 39).
On 22 Nov 1885 Charles Algernon Cromartie Greville was born to Francis Greville 5th Earl Warwick 5th Earl Brooke (age 32) and Frances Evelyn "Daisy" Maynard Countess Warwick (age 23).
On 22 Nov 1907 John Crichton 5th Earl Erne was born to Henry Crichton (age 35) and Mary Cavendish Grosvenor (age 24).
On 22 Nov 1910 Michael Marsham 7th Earl Romney was born to Reginald Hastings Marsham (age 44).
Marriages on the 22nd November
On 22 Nov 1596 William Sandys (age 21) and Elizabeth Cornwallis (age 6) were married. There was no issue from the marriage.
Before 22 Nov 1617 Thomas Lyttelton 1st Baronet (age 24) and Catherine Crompton Lady Lyttelton were married.
On 22 Nov 1646 Thomas Hanmer 2nd Baronet (age 34) and Susan Hervey Lady Hamner (age 34) were married. She by marriage Lady Hamner of Hamner in Flintshire.
On or after 22 Nov 1684 Ralph Delaval 2nd Baronet (age 34) and Diana Booth Lady Delaval and Blackett were married. She by marriage Lady Delaval of Seaton in Northumberland.
On 22 Nov 1691 Henry Howard 5th Earl Suffolk (age 64) and Mary Upton Countess Suffolk (age 41) were married. The difference in their ages was 22 years. He the son of Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk and Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk.
On 22 Nov 1754 Charles Alexander Hohenzollern Margrave Brandenburg Ansbach (age 18) and Frederica Caroline Saxe Coburg Saalfeld Margrave Brandenburg Ansbach (age 19) were married at Coburg. She the daughter of Francis Josias Saxe Coburg Saalfeld Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld and Duchess Anna Sophie Of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (age 54). He a great grandson of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 22 Nov 1779 Thomas Gage 6th Baronet (age 27) and Charlotte Fitzherbert (age 23) were married.
Before 22 Nov 1800 Richard Noel-Hill 4th Baron Berwick (age 26) and Frances Maria Owen (age 15) were married.
Before 22 Nov 1856 Augustus Wykeham Clifton (age 27) and Bertha Lelgarde Rawdon-Hastings 22nd Baroness Grey Ruthyn (age 21) were married. She the daughter of George Augustus Francis Rawdon-Hastings 2nd Marquess Hastings and Barbara Yelverton Marchioness Hastings (age 46).
On 22 Nov 1859 William Scott 6th Duke Buccleuch 8th Duke Queensberry (age 28) and Louisa Jane Hamilton Duchess Buccleuch and Queensbury (age 23) were married. She the daughter of James Hamilton 1st Duke of Abercorn (age 48) and Louisa Jane Russell Duchess Abercorn (age 47). He the son of Walter Scott 5th Duke Buccleuch 7th Duke Queensberry and Charlotte Anne Thynne Duchess Buccleuch Duchess Queensbury (age 48). She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 22 Nov 1899 Henry Joseph Lawson 3rd Baronet (age 21) and Ursula Mary Howard (age 20) were married.
On 22 Nov 1938 Ivor Grosvenor Guest 2nd Viscount Wimborne (age 35) and Mabel Edith Fox-Strangways Viscountess Wimborne (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Giles Fox-Strangways 6th Earl of Ilchester (age 64) and Helen Vane-Tempest-Stewart Countess Ilchester (age 62). They were third cousins.
Deaths on the 22nd November
Before 22 Nov 1310 Hawise Strange Princess Powys Wenwynwyn (age 68) died.
On 22 Nov 1392 Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland (age 30) was killed whilst hunting at Louvain [Map]. His uncle Aubrey de Vere 10th Earl of Oxford (age 54) succeeded 10th Earl of Oxford.
On 22 Nov 1614 Thomas "Black Tom" Butler 10th Earl Ormonde 3rd Earl Ossory (age 82) died. His nephew Walter Butler 11th Earl Ormonde 4th Earl Ossory (age 55) succeeded 11th Earl Ormonde, 4th Earl Ossory. Helen Butler Countess Ormonde and Ossory by marriage Countess Ormonde, Countess Ossory.
On 22 Nov 1624 Nicholas Bacon 1st Baronet (age 84) died in Culford, Suffolk [Map]. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Redgrave. At the east end of the north aisle is a chest tomb in black and white marble with the effigies of Sir Nicholas Bacon his wife Anne Butts made in 1616 by Nicholas Stone (age 37). His son Edmund Bacon 2nd Baronet (age 54) succeeded 2nd Baronet Bacon of Redgrave in Suffolk.
Before 22 Nov 1646 Elizabeth Baker Lady Hamner (age 36) died. The date based on the date of the second marriage of her husband Thomas Hanmer 2nd Baronet (age 34) to Susan Hervey Lady Hamner (age 34).
On 22 Nov 1651 Francis Scott 2nd Earl Buccleuch (age 24) died. His daughter Mary Scott 3rd Countess Buccleuch (age 4) succeeded 3rd Countess Buccleuch.
On 22 Nov 1660 Thomas Gage 3rd Baronet (age 23) died. His brother John Gage 4th Baronet (age 18) succeeded 4th Baronet Gage of Firley in Sussex.
On 22 Nov 1660 Francis Annesley 1st Viscount Valentia (age 74) died. He was buried at Thorganby, North Yorkshire. His son Arthur Annesley 1st Earl Annesley (age 46) succeeded 2nd Viscount Valentia. Elizabeth Altham Countess Anglesey (age 40) by marriage Viscountess Valentia.
On 22 Nov 1673 Edward Musgrave 1st Baronet (age 56) died at Hayton Castle. His son Richard Musgrave 2nd Baronet (age 28) succeeded 2nd Baronet Musgrave of Hayton Castle in Cumbria.
On 22 Nov 1694 Archbishop John Tillotson (age 64) died.
On 22 Nov 1695 Richard Graham 1st Viscount Preston (age 46) died. His son Edward Graham 2nd Viscount Preston (age 16) succeeded 2nd Viscount Preston, 4th Baronet Graham of Esk in Cumberland.
On 22 Nov 1713 Anne Tufton Lady Grimston (age 59) died.
On 22 Nov 1721 Mary Bromley Lady Cave died.
On 22 Nov 1724 Richard Pye 3rd Baronet died. His brother Robert Pye 4th Baronet succeeded 4th Baronet Pye of Hone in Derbyshire.
On 22 Nov 1729 Thomas Trollope 3rd Baronet (age 62) died. His son Thomas Trollope 4th Baronet (age 37) succeeded 4th Baronet Trollope of Casewick in Lincolnshire.
On 22 Nov 1758 Richard Edgecumbe 1st Baron Edgcumbe (age 78) died. His son George Edgecumbe (age 38) succeeded 2nd Baron Edgcumbe.
On 22 Nov 1762 John Wallop 1st Earl Portsmouth (age 72) died. He was buried at St John's Church, Farleigh Wallop. His grandson John Wallop 2nd Earl Portsmouth (age 20) succeeded 2nd Earl Portsmouth, 2nd Viscount Lymington, 2nd Baron Wallop of Farley Wallop Hampshire.
On 22 Nov 1767 Ralph Conyers 5th Baronet (age 70) died. His son Blakiston Conyers 6th Baronet (age 39) succeeded 6th Baronet Conyers of Horden in County Durham.
On 22 Nov 1769 Henrietta-Katharina Croft died, probably from complications of childbirth shince she had given birth to her second child Anne Elizabeth Cholmley Baroness Mulgrave two weeks before.
On 22 Nov 1777 John West 2nd Earl De La Warr (age 48) died at Audley Square. His son William Augustus West 3rd Earl De La Warr (age 20) succeeded 3rd Earl De La Warr, 3rd Viscount Cantalupe, 9th Baron De La Warr.
On 22 Nov 1828 Charlotte Fitzroy Viscountess Dungannon (age 61) died at Brynkinalt.
On 22 Nov 1829 Richard Bedingfeld 5th Baronet (age 62) died. His son Henry Richard Paston-Bedingfeld 6th Baronet (age 29) succeeded 6th Baronet Paston-Bedingfield of Oxburgh in Norfolk. Margaret Paston Lady Paston-Bedingfield (age 22) by marriage Lady Paston-Bedingfield of Oxburgh in Norfolk.
On 22 Nov 1835 Mary Amelia Hill Marchioness Salisbury (age 85) died.
On 22 Nov 1852 Anna Leigh Guy Page-Turner Lady Barron died.
On 22 Nov 1853 William Legge 4th Earl Dartmouth (age 68) died. In 1853 His son William Legge 5th Earl Dartmouth (age 30) succeeded 5th Earl Dartmouth, 6th Baron Dartmouth. Augusta Finch Countess Dartmouth (age 31) by marriage Countess Dartmouth.
On 22 Nov 1854 Michael Hicks-Beach 8th Baronet (age 45) died. His son Michael Edward Hicks-Beach 1st Earl St Aldwyn (age 17) succeeded 9th Baronet Hicks-Beach of Beverston in Gloucestershire.
On 22 Nov 1857 Louise Ingram Lady Ramsden (age 91) died.
On 22 Nov 1886 Susan Liddell Countess Hardwicke (age 76) died. Monument in St Andrew's Church, Wimpole [Map].
Susan Liddell Countess Hardwicke: On 11 Jan 1810 she was born to Thomas Liddell 1st Baron Ravensworth and Maria Susannah Simpson Baroness Calthorpe. In Aug 1833 Charles Yorke 4th Earl of Hardwicke and she were married. On 18 Nov 1834 Philip Yorke 3rd Earl of Hardwicke died. He was buried in St Andrew's Church, Wimpole. His nephew Charles Yorke 4th Earl of Hardwicke succeeded 4th Earl Hardwicke, 4th Viscount Royston. She by marriage Countess Hardwicke.
On 22 Nov 1890 William Bell Scott (age 79) died at Penkill Castle.
On 22 Nov 1895 Charles Cavendish Clifford 4th Baronet (age 74) died. Baronet Clifford of the Navy extinct.
On 22 Nov 1906 Henry Brand 2nd Viscount Hampden (age 65) died. His son Thomas Brand 3rd Viscount Hampden (age 37) succeeded 3rd Viscount Hampden, 25th Baron Dacre Gilsland.
On 22 Nov 1926 Francis Pelham 7th Earl Chichester (age 21) died of pneumonia unmarried at Stanmer Park Falmer Brighton. His brother John Pelham 8th Earl of Chichester (age 14) succeeded 8th Earl Chichester, 9th Baron Pelham of Stanmer in Sussex and 13th Baronet Pelham of Laughton.
On 22 Nov 1935 William Tolemache 9th Earl Dysart (age 76) died. His nephew Wenefryde Agatha Scott 10th Countess of Dysart (age 46) succeeded 9th Earl Dysart. His second cousin Lyonel Felix Carteret Eugene Tollemache 4th Baronet (age 81) succeeded 4th Baronet Tollemache of Hanby Hall in Lincolnshire.
On 22 Nov 1937 Philip de László (age 68) died.
On 22 Nov 1941 Henry Burrows Shiffner 7th Baronet (age 39) was killed in action. His son Henry David Shiffner 8th Baronet (age 11) succeeded 8th Baronet Shiffner of Coombe in Sussex.
On 22 Nov 1951 Geoffrey Frederick Neill Palmer 11th Baronet (age 58) died. His son Geoffrey Christopher John Palmer 12th Baronet (age 15) succeeded 12th Baronet Palmer of Carlton in Northampton.
On 22 Nov 1957 Henry Moore 10th Earl of Drogheda (age 73) died. His son Charles Moore 11th Earl of Drogheda (age 47) succeeded 11th Earl Drogheda, 13th Viscount Moore of Drogheda.
On 22 Nov 1963 President John Fitzgerald Kennedy (age 46) was killed.
On 22 Nov 1967 Arthur Allan Stonhouse 17th and 14th Baronet (age 82) died. His son Philip Allan Stonhouse 18th and 15th Baronet (age 51) succeeded 18th Baronet Stonhouse of Radley, 15th Baronet Stonhouse of Radley.