On this Day in History ... 22nd April

22 Apr is in April.

1433 John Duke of Bedford marries Jacquetta Luxemburg

1563 Creation of Garter Knights

1661 Coronation of Charles II

1689 Coronation William III and Mary II

1734 General Election

1763 Creation of Baronets

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 22nd April

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 22 Apr 1045. And in the same year died Britwold, Bishop of Wiltshire, on the tenth day before the calends of May; which bishopric he held thirty-eight winters; that was, the bishopric of Sherborn. And Herman, the king's priest, succeeded to the bishopric. This year Wulfric was consecrated Abbot of St. Augustine's, at Christmas, on the mass-day of St. Stephen, by the king's leave and that of Abbot Elfstan, by reason of his great infirmity.

On 22 Apr 1422 Charles "Victorious" VII King France (age 19) and Marie Valois Anjou Queen Consort France (age 17) were married. She the daughter of King Louis of Naples and Yolanda Barcelona Queen Consort Naples. He the son of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 53) and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France (age 52). They were second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 22 Apr 1433 John Duke Bedford (age 43) and Jacquetta Luxemburg (age 18) were married at Thérouanne [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Bedford. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 43) and Margherita Baux (age 39). He the son of King Henry IV of England and Mary Bohun. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

The marriage caused a rift with Philip "Good" Duke Burgundy (age 36), John's late wife's brother, who regarded the marriage, some five months after his sister's death, an insult to her memory. There was no issue from the marriage with John dying a year and a half later.

Chronicle of Gregory 1433. 22 Apr 1433. And the same year the Duke of Bedforde (age 43), and Regyant of Fraunce, weddyde the dukys (age 43)1 daughter (age 18) of Syn Powle the xxij2 day at Tyruyn [Map]3.

Note 1. He was Count Saint Pol rather than Duke.

Note 2. of April.

Note 3. Thérouanne [Map].

On 22 Apr 1451 Isabella Queen Castile was born to John II King Castile (age 46) and Isabella Aviz Queen Consort Castile (age 23). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.60%.

On 22 Apr 1505 Henry Stafford 1st Earl Wiltshire (age 26) was appointed 261st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 48).

76 Edward Echyngham to Wolsey. Upon Ffrydaye, the which was the 22 day of Aprill, 6 galyes and 4 foysts came through parte oi the Kynges navie, and there they sanke the ship that was maister Compton’s, and strake t roug oone of the Kynges new barkes, the which sir Stephyn Bull is capiteyn of, in 7 placys, that they that was within the ship hade much payne to hold her above the watre. Then the ship bootes toke oon of the ffoystes, and the residew of the ga lyes and ffoystes went into Whitsonbaye, besyde Conkett, and there thaye laye Satterdaye all daye.

Memoirs of Philip de Commines Book 4 Chapter IX. I met three or four English commanders of my acquaintance, and spoke to them according to the king's directions; but for one that they commanded to leave the town, there were twenty came in. After me, the king sent the Lord of Gie1 (now Marshal of France), and having found me, we went together into a tavern, where, though it was not nine o'clock, there had already been 111 reckonings to pay that morning. The house was filled with company, some were singing, some were asleep, and all were drunk; upon seeing which, I concluded there was no danger, and sent to inform the king of it; who came immediately to the gate, well attended, and ordered 200 or 300 men-at-arms to be armed privately in their captains' houses, and some of them he posted at the gate by which the English entered. The king ordered his dinner to be brought to the porter's lodgings at the gate, where his majesty dined, and did several English officers the honour of admitting them to dinner with him. The King of England had been informed of this disorder, and was much ashamed of it, and sent to the King of France to desire his majesty to admit no more of his troops into the town. The King of France sent him word back, he would not do that, but if he pleased to send a

Note 1. Pierre de Rohan, Knight, Count of Marie and Porcien, and Lord of Gie, was the son of Louis de Rohan and Marie de Montauban. He was created Marshal of France in 1475, and died on the 22nd of April, 1513.

On 22 Apr 1518 Antoine King Navarre was born to Charles Bourbon Duke Vendôme (age 28) and Françoise Valois Countess Vendôme (age 28).

Letters 1536. 22 Apr 1536. R. O. 707. Lord Lisle (age 71) to Sir Richard Page.

The King is misinformed as to his having given five or six spears' rooms since he came to Calais. Has given only three; two by the King's own letters [and Mr. Secretary's]1, one to Richard Blount, the other to Sir Thomas Palmer, porter. The third was to a man that served the King all his life, well deserving. If the King will forbear admitting young Whetyll whilst I am here, I shall be greatly obliged to him. If he or others were made in spite of my appointment, they would not obey my commandment. This would not be for the King's honor and service. Stick to me in this matter. I should be loth to be overcome by Mr. Whetyll, his wife, or any of his lineage. Calais, 22 April. Signed.

P. 1. Add.: Sir Richard Page, knight, one of the King's Privy Chamber.

R. O. 2. Draft of the preceding, with corrections in Palmer's hand.

Note 1. These words occur in the original draft (§ 2), but are struck out.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1538. 22 Apr 1538. This yeare, the morrowe after Easter dale, being the twentie towe daie of Aprill, Sir Thomas Awdeley (age 50), knight, Lord Chauncelor of Englande, was married to my Ladie Elizabeth Graie,a sister to the Lord Marques of Dorsett (age 21) now living, and daughter to the old Lord Marques late deceased.

Note. Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden (age 50) and were married. She by marriage Baroness Audley Walden in Essex. She the daughter of Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset and Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Note a. Elizabeth Grey, eldest daughter of Thomas fifth Marquis of Dorset, and sister of Henry (age 21), who succeeded to the title in 1530.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1557. The xxij of Aprell dyd pryche at sant Mare speytyll [doctor] Watsun (age 42) nuw-choyssen bysshope of Lynckolne a godly sermon.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1557. The sam day the Kyng (age 29) and the Quen (age 41) removyd from Grenwyche [Map] unto Westmynster, a-ganst sant [George's day.]

Henry Machyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1563. The xxij day of Aprell, was sant Gorge's evyn, at v of the cloke the knyghtes of the Garter cam downe from the quen('s) chambur thrugh the halle to here chapell, and yt was strod with gren ryssys, [and all] the haroldes in ther cott armurs, master Perkullys, master Ruges-dragon, master Lanckaster, master Rychmond, and master Somersett, and master Norray (age 65) and master Clarenshux (age 53), master Garter (age 53), and master dene, my lord of Hunsdon (age 37), my lord Montyguw (age 34), my lord Robartt (age 30), my lord of Lughborow (age 42), the yerle of Shrowsbere (age 35), my lord admeralle (age 51), my lord chamburlayn, the yerle of Ruttland (age 36), the yerle of Darbe (age 53), the marques of Northamtun (age 51), the duke of Northfoke (age 27), (the) yerle of Arundell (age 50), and the yerle of Penbroke (age 62), and so evere man to ys own plase in the chapell of ther owne sett.... cam a prosessyon up thrugh the halle to .... furst the serjant of the vestre with a sylver rod, [then the] chylderyn in ther surples, and then the qwyre sy[nging the English] prosessyon in copes of cloth of gold to the nombur of .... haroldes of armes and sergantes of armes, furst Ruges[croix and] Ruge-dragon, and then cam master Lonkastur and master Rychmond and master [Somerset;] furst my lord of Hunsdon, my lord Montyguw, my lord Robartt, my lord of Lowthborow, my lord admeralle, my lord chamburlayn, the yerle of Rutland, the yerle of [Shrewsbury,] the yerle of Darbe, the yerle of Penbroke, the marques of [Northampton,] the yerle of Arundell, the duke of Northfoke; and then [master Garter,] master Norres (age 65), the dene of the chapell, they iij in cremesun saten v[elvet;] and next the byshope of Wynchestur and ser Wylliam Peter in [robes of] cremesun velvett with red crosses on ther robes, and ser .... and the yerle of Northumberland bare the sword, and the(n) the [Queen] in her robe, and master Knolles bare the quen('s) trayn, and after ....

On 22 Apr 1613, before Robert Carr 1st Earl Somerset (age 26) and Frances Howard Countess Essex and Somerset (age 22) were married, the Howard family sought to undermine Thomas Overbury's (age 32) influence over Robert Carr 1st Earl Somerset (age 26). King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland (age 46) offered Thomas Overbury (age 32) an ambassadorship, possibly on the Howard's advice, which Overbury declined to James' annoyance who put Overbury in the Tower of London [Map].

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 22 Apr 1617. The 22nd he came to dine abroad in the great Chamber; this night we played at Burley Break upon the Bowling Green.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1619. 22 Apr 1619. Thursday the 22nd I went in the morning to see my Sister Compton and found my Brother Compton there. I was in the room where my Lord’s mother-in-law died, the Countess of Dorset, and went up and down the rooms. Afterwards my Sisters Beauchamp and Sackville came to see me.

Calendars. 22 Apr 1655. 112. Thomas Lewis to the Navy Comrs. Sends an account of water Victualling cask provided for such ships as were ready to receive it. The principal hindrance in sending beer to the fleet has been for want of men, the watermen sent being generally unfit or unwilling to work. [Adm. Paper.]| Encloses,

112. 1. Account of beer ready to be-sent from London to complete the victualling of the fleet for four months; of what is already laden, and what in lighters by the ships' side; 470 tuns are remaining at the brewery; total, 1,524tuns 1 hogshead 20 gallons. April 22, 1665.

112. 1. List of 65 watermen impressed and put on board the ® victuallers, &c. April 17 and 18, 1665.

112. m1. List of 27 watermen on board the four victualling ships.

112. 1v. Similar list, with eight names added, and note of their unfitness and refractory conduct; also that many go ashore to sleep, and are discontent that they, as masters of families, are pressed, while single men are excused on giving money to the pressmen. April 22, 1665.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1656. Came to see Mr. Henshaw (age 38) and Sir William Paston's (age 46) son (age 24), since Earl of Yarmouth. Afterward, I went to see his Majesty's (age 25) house at Eltham [Map], both palace and chapel in miserable ruins, the noble woods and park destroyed by Rich (age 68), the rebel.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1661. In which it is impossible to relate the glory of this day, expressed in the clothes of them that rid, and their horses and horses clothes, among others, my Lord Sandwich's (age 35). Embroidery and diamonds were ordinary among them. The Knights of the Bath was a brave sight of itself; and their Esquires, among which Mr. Armiger was an Esquire to one of the Knights. Remarquable were the two men that represent the two Dukes of Normandy and Aquitane. The Bishops come next after Barons, which is the higher place; which makes me think that the next Parliament they will be called to the House of Lords. My Lord Monk (age 52) rode bare after the King, and led in his hand a spare horse, as being Master of the Horse. The King, in a most rich embroidered suit and cloak, looked most noble. Wadlow1, the vintner, at the Devil [Map]; in Fleetstreet, did lead a fine company of soldiers, all young comely men, in white doublets. There followed the Vice-Chamberlain, Sir G. Carteret (age 51), a company of men all like Turks; but I know not yet what they are for.

Note 1. Simon Wadlow was the original of "old Sir Simon the king", the favourite air of Squire Western in "Tom Jones". "Hang up all the poor hop-drinkers, Cries old Sim, the king of skinkers". Ben Jonson, Verses over the door into the Apollo.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1661. Both the King (age 30) and the Duke of York (age 27) took notice of us, as he saw us at the window. The show being ended, Mr. Young did give us a dinner, at which we were very merry, and pleased above imagination at what we have seen. Sir W. Batten (age 60) going home, he and I called and drunk some mum1 and laid our wager about my Lady Faulconbridge's name3, which he says not to be Mary, and so I won above 20s. So home, where Will and the boy staid and saw the show upon Towre Hill, and Jane at T. Pepys's, The. Turner (age 9), and my wife at Charles Glassecocke's, in Fleet Street. In the evening by water to White Hall to my Lord's, and there I spoke with my Lord. He talked with me about his suit, which was made in France, and cost him £200, and very rich it is with embroidery. I lay with Mr. Shepley, and CORONACION DAY.

Note 1. Mum. Ale brewed with wheat at Brunswick. "Sedulous and stout With bowls of fattening mum". J. Phillips, Cyder, Vol. ii. p. 231.

Note 2. Mary (age 24), third daughter of Oliver Cromwell, and second wife of Thomas Bellasis (age 62), second Viscount Fauconberg, created Earl of Fauconberg, April 9th, 1689.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1661. Was the splendid cavalcade of his Majesty (age 30) from the Tower of London to Whitehall, when I saw him in the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map] create six Earls, and as many Barons, viz:

Edward Lord Hyde, Lord Chancellor (age 52), Earl of Clarendon; supported by the Earls of Northumberland (age 58) and Sussex (age 14); the Earl of Bedford (age 44) carried the cap and coronet, the Earl of Warwick (age 46), the sword, the Earl of Newport (age 64), the mantle.

Next, was Capel, created Earl of Essex.

Brudenell, Cardigan;.

Valentia, Anglesea;.

Greenvill, Bath;.

Howard, Earl of Carlisle.

The Barons were: Denzille Holles; Cornwallis; Booth; Townsend; Cooper; Crew; who were led up by several Peers, with Garter and officers of arms before them; when, after obedience on their several approaches to the throne, their patents were presented by Garter King-at-Arms, which being received by the Lord Chamberlain (age 59), and delivered to his Majesty (age 30), and by him to the Secretary of State, were read, and then again delivered to his Majesty (age 30), and by him to the several Lords created; they were then robed, their coronets and collars put on by his Majesty (age 30), and they were placed in rank on both sides of the state and throne; but the Barons put off their caps and circles, and held them in their hands, the Earls keeping on their coronets, as cousins to the King (age 30).

I spent the rest of the evening in seeing the several archtriumphals built in the streets at several eminent places through which his Majesty (age 30) was next day to pass, some of which, though temporary, and to stand but one year, were of good invention and architecture, with inscriptions.

Notes:

Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex (age 29) was created 1st Earl Essex. Elizabeth Percy Countess Essex (age 25) by marriage Countess Essex.

Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan (age 78) was created 1st Earl Cardigan. Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan by marriage Countess Cardigan.

Arthur Annesley 1st Earl Annesley (age 46) was created 1st Earl Anglesey, 1st Baron Annesley Newport Pagnell Buckinghamshire. Elizabeth Altham Countess Anglesey (age 41) by marriage Countess Anglesey.

John Granville 1st Earl Bath (age 32) was created 1st Earl Bath, 1st Baron Granville of Kilkhampton and Biddeford.

Charles Howard 1st Earl Carlisle (age 32) was created 1st Earl Carlisle.

Denzil Holles 1st Baron Holles (age 61) was created 1st Baron Holles. Jane Shirley Baroness Holles by marriage Baroness Holles.

Frederick Cornwallis 1st Baron Cornwallis (age 50) was created 1st Baron Cornwallis.

George Booth 1st Baron Delamer (age 38) was created 1st Baron Delamer. Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer (age 39) by marriage Baroness Delamer.

Horatio Townshend 1st Viscount Townsend (age 30) was created 1st Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk.

Anthony Ashley-Cooper 1st Earl Shaftesbury (age 39) was created 1st Baron Ashley of Wimborne St Giles.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1661. KING'S GOING FROM YE TOWER TO WHITE HALL1. Up early and made myself as fine as I could, and put on my velvet coat, the first day that I put it on, though made half a year ago. And being ready, Sir W. Batten (age 60), my Lady, and his two daughters and his son and wife, and Sir W. Pen (age 39) and his son and I, went to Mr. Young's, the flag-maker, in Corne-hill2; and there we had a good room to ourselves, with wine and good cake, and saw the show very well.

Note 1. The king in the early morning of the 22nd went from Whitehall to the Tower by water, so that he might proceed from thence through the City to Westminster Abbey, there to be crowned.

Note 2. The members of the Navy Office appear to have chosen Mr. Young's house on account of its nearness to the second triumphal arch, situated near the Royal Exchange [Map], which was dedicated to the Navy.

On 22 Apr 1661 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rode from the Tower of London [Map] to Whitehall Palace [Map]. At the Lime Street end of Leadenhall he passed under a triumphal arch built after the Doric order, with Rebellion, her crimson robe alive with snakes, being crushed by Monarchy Restored, and a fine painting of his Majesty's landing at Dover, "with ships at sea, great guns going off, one kneeling and kissing the King's hand, soldiers, horse and foot and many people gazing".

Outside the East India House in Leadenhall Street [Map], that loyal and honourable trading company expressed their dutiful affections to his Majesty by two Indian youths, one attended by two blackamoors and the other mounted upon a camel, which bore on its back two panniers filled with jewels, spices, and silks to be scattered among the spectators.

At the Conduit in Cornhill [Map] a special treat was prepared for the bachelor king in the shape of eight nymphs clad in white. A little further down the street, just opposite the Royal Exchange, was another arch, with stages against it depicting the River Thames and the upper deck of one of his Majesty's ships.

The procession included the Duke of York (age 27), the Lord High Constable (age 58) and the Lord Great Chamberlain (age 53).

The Sword of State was carried by Esmé Stewart 2nd Duke Richmond 5th Duke Lennox.

Evelyn's Diary. 23 Apr 1661. Was the coronation of his Majesty (age 30) Charles II in the Abbey-Church of Westminster [Map]; at all which ceremony I was present. the King (age 30) and his Nobility went to the Tower [Map], I accompanying my Lord Viscount Mordaunt (age 34) part of the way; this was on Sunday, the 22d; but indeed his Majesty (age 30) went not till early this morning, and proceeded from thence to Westminster in this order:

After 22 Apr 1661. Peter Lely (age 42). Portrait of Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer (age 39).

Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer: In 1622 she was born to Henry Grey 1st Earl Stamford and Anne Cecil Countess Stamford. Before 17 Apr 1648 George Booth 1st Baron Delamer and she were married. She the daughter of Henry Grey 1st Earl Stamford and Anne Cecil Countess Stamford. In 1691 Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer died.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1662. After taking leave of my wife, which we could hardly do kindly, because of her mind to go along with me, Sir W. Pen (age 40) and I took coach and so over the bridge to Lambeth, W. Bodham and Tom Hewet going as clerks to Sir W. Pen (age 40), and my Will for me. Here we got a dish of buttered eggs, and there staid till Sir G. Carteret (age 52) came to us from White Hall, who brought Dr. Clerke with him, at which I was very glad, and so we set out, and I was very much pleased with his company, and were very merry all the way .... We came to Gilford [Map] and there passed our time in the garden, cutting of sparagus for supper, the best that ever I eat in my life but in the house last year. Supped well, and the Doctor and I to bed together, calling cozens from his name and my office.

Minutes of the Royal Society. 11 Jun 1662. 82. Royal Society Meeting Minutes.

Sir Robert Moray (age 54) President.

Dr Petty's (age 51) brother (age 42) showed the Society a draft of the pleasure boat he is to make for the King (age 32).

Lord Berkeley of Berkely (age 13) presented the Society with a Bird of Paradise having two feet.

Dr Goddard brought in a moth with feathered wings.

Mr Evelyn (age 41) presentd the Society with a book called 'The History of Chalcogrphij'.

Mr Ball to be asked to produce his 'Magnetick Instruments',

Mr Boyle1 presented the Society with a book of the 'Weight and Spring of Air'; and also with a glass tube filled with Minium, wherewith the experiment of filtering was made.

The Amanuensis to enquire about the depth of the water under the arches of London Bridge.

Mr Croone (age 28) to write to Dr Power about the trial of heat and cold in deep caves.

The Amanuensis to bespeak the long glass tube for the Torricellian Experiment.

Note 1. Not clear which Mr Boyle this is since Richard Boyle was elected 20 May 1663 and Robert Boyle (age 36) on 22 Apr 1663.

Memoir of John Aubrey. 22 Apr 1663. On the 22nd of April, 1663, the Royal Society was incorporated by a charter granted by King Charles the Second. Viscount Brouncker was the first President of the society, and on the Council were, Sir Kenelm Digby, Sir William Petty, and John Evelyn. By virtue of a power reposed in them by the charter, the President and Council, on the 20th of May following, nominated such persons as they thought desirable as Fellows, and Aubrey was one of those so named: his friends Dryden, Wren, Hooke, — in fact all the literati of the age, — were also nominated Fellows at the same time. After the first two months new members were elected by vote. The history of the formation of this society is well known. There is no doubt that Aubrey had belonged to it before its incorporation, and perhaps even as early as the year 1651, when the scientific meetings from which it originated were held in the chambers of Dr. Petty, and at other places in Oxford, King Charles II. manifested considerable interest in the proceedings of the Royal Society, and soon after it was incorporated he attended the meetings, and held frequent interviews with the President and many of the most eminent members. An interesting event in Aubrey's life had its rise in a conversation of this kind:

"A. D. 1663. King Charles II. discoursing one morning with my Lord Brounker and Dr. Charlton, concerning Stoneheng, they told his Majestie what they had heard me say concerning Aubury, for that it did as much excell Stoneheng as a cathedral does a parish church. His Majestie admired that none of our chorographers had taken notice of it, and commanded Dr. Charlton to bring me to him the next morning. I brought with me a draught of it, done by memorie only, but well enough resembling it, with which His Majestie was pleased, gave me his hand to kisse, and commanded me to wait on him at Marleborough, when he went to Bath with his Queen (which was about a fortnight after)1, which I did; and the next day, when the court were on their journey, His Majestie left the Queen and diverted to Aubury, with the view whereof he and His Royal Highnesse the Duke of Yorke were very well pleased; His Majesty then commanded me to write a description of it, and present it to him; and the Duke of Yorke commanded me to give an account of the old camps and barrows in the plaines. As His Majestie departed from Aubury to overtake the Queen, he cast his eie on Silbury Hill [Map], about a mile off, which he had the curiosity to see, and walkt up to the top of it2, with the Duke of York, Dr. Charlton and I attending them. They went to Lacock to dinner, and that evening to Bathe, all the gentry and commonaltie of those parts waiting on them, with great acclamations of joy, &c. In September following I surveyed that old monument of Aubury with a plane table, and afterwards tooke a review of Stoneheng, and then I composed this following discourse, in obedience to His Majestie's command, and presented it to him, which he commanded me to put in print."3

Note 1. The King commenced this progress on the 26th of August, and returned to London on the 2nd of October. He was sumptuously entertained at Marlborough by Lord Seymour, and at Longleat by Sir James Thynne.

Note 2. The following passage in Dr. Stukeley's volume on Abury (folio, 1743,) may possibly refer to another visit of the monarch to that interesting temple: — "Some old people remember Charles II., the Duke of York, and Duke of Monmouth riding up Silbury Hill." (p. 43)

Note 3. Monumenta Britannica, ut supra.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1664. I home, and immediately dressing myself, by coach with my wife to my Lord Sandwich's (age 38), but they having dined we would not 'light but went to Mrs. Turner's (age 41), and there got something to eat, and thence after reading part of a good play, Mrs. The., my wife and I, in their coach to Hide Parke, where great plenty of gallants, and pleasant it was, only for the dust. Here I saw Mrs. Bendy, my Lady Spillman's faire daughter that was, who continues yet very handsome. Many others I saw with great content, and so back again to Mrs. Turner's (age 41), and then took a coach and home. I did also carry them into St. James's Park and shewed them the garden.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1666. Thence walked to Westminster and eat a bit of bread and drank, and so to Worster House, and there staid, and saw the Council up, and then back, walked to the Cockepitt [Map], and there took my leave of the Duke of Albemarle (age 57), who is going to-morrow to sea. He seems mightily pleased with me, which I am glad of; but I do find infinitely my concernment in being careful to appear to the King (age 35) and Duke (age 32) to continue my care of his business, and to be found diligent as I used to be.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1666. Lord's Day. Up, and put on my new black coate, long down to my knees, and with Sir W. Batten (age 65) to White Hall, where all in deep mourning for the Queene's (age 27) mother. There had great discourse, before the Duke (age 32) and Sir W. Coventry (age 38) begun the discourse of the day about the purser's business, which I seconded, and with great liking to the Duke (age 32), whom however afterward my Lord Bruncker (age 46) and Sir W. Pen (age 44) did stop by some thing they said, though not much to the purpose, yet because our proposition had some appearance of certain charge to the King (age 35) it was ruled that for this year we should try another the same in every respect with ours, leaving out one circumstance of allowing the pursers the victuals of all men short of the complement. I was very well satisfied with it and am contented to try it, wishing it may prove effectual.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1667. Thence home, and find the boy out of the house and office, and by and by comes in and hath been to Mercer's. I did pay his coat for him. Then to my chamber, my wife comes home with linen she hath been buying of. I then to dinner, and then down the river to Greenwich, Kent [Map], and the watermen would go no further. So I turned them off, giving them nothing, and walked to Woolwich, Kent [Map]; there did some business, and met with Captain Cocke (age 50) and back with him. He tells me our peace is agreed on; we are not to assist the Spanyard against the French for this year, and no restitution, and we are likely to lose Poleroone1. I know not whether this be true or no, but I am for peace on any terms. He tells me how the King (age 36) was vexed the other day for having no paper laid him at the Council-table, as was usual; and Sir Richard Browne (age 62) did tell his Majesty he would call the person whose work it was to provide it: who being come, did tell his Majesty that he was but a poor man, and was out £400 or £500 for it, which was as much as he is worth; and that he cannot provide it any longer without money, having not received a penny since the King's coming in. So the King (age 36) spoke to my Lord Chamberlain (age 65); and many such mementos the King (age 36) do now-a-days meet withall, enough to make an ingenuous man mad. I to Deptford, Kent [Map], and there scolded with a master for his ship's not being gone, and so home to the office and did business till my eyes are sore again, and so home to sing, and then to bed, my eyes failing me mightily:

Note 1. Among the State Papers is a document dated July 8th, 1667, in which we read: "At Breda, the business is so far advanced that the English have relinquished their pretensions to the ships Henry Bonaventure and Good Hope. The matter sticks only at Poleron; the States have resolved not to part with it, though the English should have a right to it" ("Calendar", 1667, p. 278).

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1667. Thence I over the Park to Sir G. Carteret (age 57), and after him by coach to the Chancellor's (age 58) house, the first time I have been therein; and it is very noble, and brave pictures of the ancient and present nobility, never saw better.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1668. Thence to attend the Council about the business of certificates to the Exchequer, where the Commissioners of the Treasury of different minds, some would, and my Lord Ashly (age 46) would not have any more made out, and carried it there should not. After done here, and the Council up, I by water from the Privy-stairs to Westminster Hall [Map]; and, taking water, the King (age 37) and the Duke of York (age 34) were in the new buildings; and the Duke of York (age 34) called to me whither I was going? and I answered aloud, "To wait on our maisters at Westminster"; at which he and all the company laughed; but I was sorry and troubled for it afterwards, for fear any Parliament-man should have been there; and will be a caution to me for the time to come. Met with Roger Pepys (age 50), who tells me they have been on the business of money, but not ended yet, but will take up more time.

Pepy's Diary. 22 Apr 1668. So to the fishmonger's, and bought a couple of lobsters, and over to the sparagus garden, thinking to have met Mr. Pierce, and his wife and Knepp; but met their servant coming to bring me to Chatelin's, the French house, in Covent Garden [Map], and there with musick and good company, Manuel and his wife, and one Swaddle, a clerk of Lord Arlington's (age 50), who dances, and speaks French well, but got drunk, and was then troublesome, and here mighty merry till ten at night, and then I away, and got a coach, and so home, where I find Balty (age 28) and his wife come to town, and did sup with them, and so they to bed. This night the Duke of Monmouth (age 19) and a great many blades were at Chatelin's, and I left them there, with a Hackney-coach attending him.

On 22 Apr 1689 Elizabeth Butler Countess Derby (age 29) was appointed Principal Lady in Waiting to Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland (age 26) as well as Groom of the Stool and Mistress of the Robes attracting a salary of £1200 per annum (£800 and £400 respectively).

Roger Whitley's Diary. 22 Apr 1690. Tuesday, a man brought me a letter from Mr Gasiour about the morgaged land.

Evelyn's Diary. 22 Apr 1691. I dined with Lord Clarendon in the Tower [Map].

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Proceedings upon the report made by the Attorney and Solicitor General as to the grant of a nolle prosequi or cessat processus against Mr. Bernard Howard, a papist, for not coming to church for the space of two months, he having pleaded not guilty. Mr. Howard is to be tried upon the indictment at the next sessions for Surrey; and the Attorney and Solicitor report that the issue of either writ will not hinder any subsequent prosecution. Ordered that a cessat processus be issued. [S.P. Dom. Petition Entry Book 2, p. 317.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Sir John Trenchard to the Admirals of the Fleet, directing them to stay in town to attend the Cabinet Council next Tuesday afternoon. If it is necessary for one of them. to go down to the Fleet, only Sir Cloudesley Shovell (age 42) is to go. [H.O. Admiralty Entry Book 1, p. 5.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Passes for Mr. Richard Tomlinson to go to Gravesend and Denmark [S.P. Dom. Warrant Book 37, p. 32]; for Madalene Monfort, and Mary Sauvage, to go to Harwich and Holland; for Gerrit Meyerinck, his wife and child, ditto; for Mr. John Taylor, ditto; for John Paline and his wife, ditto [Ibid., p. 33]; for Agatha Yanse, with two children and Catherine Wyndrecht with four children, ditto; for John Souille, ditto; for Johanna Boon, Jannetje Stevens, Henrina van Herp, with two children, Gerrit vander Block, and Peter Berson, ditto: for Mrs. Elizabeth White, ditto [Ibid., p. 34]; for Peter Delphe, a sergeant in the company of miners in the train of artillery in Flanders, to go to Flanders; and for Pierre Bowneau, a seaman, to go to Holland [Ibid. 38, p. 267].

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Sir J. Trenchard to the Attorney and Solicitor General. The Queen, having granted a nolle prosequi or cessat processus upon an indictment against Mr. Bernard Howard, would like you to consider the matter, and report your opinion upon it. [H.O. Letter Book (Secretary's) 3, p. 113.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. The Earl of Nottingham to the Commissioners of the Treasury. Sir William Gore has paid Sir Wilham Colt, their Majesties' envoy extraordinary to the Elector of Saxony and the Elector and Princes of Brunswick, 1,000 dollars and 50 ducats, which sum Sir William Colt has employed for their Majesties' special service, pursuant to the King's direction. The Queen wishes me to acquaint you that she would have you pay Sir William Gore the value of the said 1,000 dollars and 50 ducats, amounting to the sum of 237]. 18s. 11d. [H.O. Letter Book (Secretary's) 2, p. 644.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to the Lord Lieutenant to permit Colonel Henry Luttrell to raise any number of Irish papists not exceeding 1,500, and to transport them out of Ireland for the service of the Republic of Venice; "any malefactors under condemnation or suspicion of felony," or any "out in the mountains" may be part of that number, and may be transported with the others. You are to give all such orders and directions as shall be requisite and necessary in this behalf. Copy. [S.P. Ireland 355, No. 34; and S.P. Ireland King's Letter Book 1, p. 354.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. Whitehall. Sir John Trenchard to the Lords of the Admiralty, directing an examination of the allegations in Captain Cornu's petition, with a report as to what is fit to be done for the petitioner's encouragement. [H.O. Admiralty 3, p. 76.]

Calendars. 22 Apr 1693. "Colonel Fitzpatrick's paper." The frequent commitments of the Irish nobility and gentry (which they conceive causeless) must either be extremely chargeable to the King, if at his charges, or destructive to the said nobility and gentry, if at theirs, they being so extremely poor, and their estates being for the most part waste, which, with other hardships they meet with, renders their condition and thoughts desperate; this may be hereafter prevented if some of the chiefs of the Irish familes that have either already become protestants, or would be so, were encouraged by giving them either military or civil employment, and would bring over many to our religion, amongst them being Lieut.-Colonel Garrett Coghlan.and Captain George D'Arcy.

It is thought that if the King would give some reasonable pensions to Lord Kilmore (sic) and Colonel Nicholas Purcell, nothing could be transacted in the province of Munster to the prejudice of the peace of that kingdom, but what they would either prevent or discover.

The same may be done in Connaught by gratifying Lord Dillon, Lord Boffin, and Mr. Daly. In Leinster by gratifying the Earl of Westmeath and Colonel Walter Butler.

In the North of Ireland there is no danger, the Scotch and English being there in greater number than the natives. It is believed that some of the heads of the Roman catholic clergy may be gained on easy terms to contribute to the peace of the kingdom as some of them have done under the governments of the Earl of Stratford, the late Duke of Ormond and the Earl of Essex. General Birne has a commission from the King of Spain to build forts and settle plantations on any part of the West Indies now in the hands of the French or Indians, on to which many of the Irish that will not work or labour in their own country may be sent with small charges. [,S.P. Ireland 355, No. 35.]

On 22 Apr 1734 the 1734 General Election was held ...

Leonard Smelt (age 51) was elected MP Northallerton.

Robert Grosvenor 6th Baronet (age 38) was elected MP Chester.

On 22 Apr 1763 two new Baronets were created ...

Matthew Blakiston 1st Baronet (age 61) was created 1st Baronet Blakiston of the City of London. Annabella Bayley Lady Blakiston by marriage Lady Blakiston of the City of London.

John Fleming 1st Baronet (age 33) was created 1st Baronet Fleming of Brompton Park in Middlesex. Jane Coleman Baroness Harewood (age 32) by marriage Lady Fleming of Brompton Park in Middlesex.

On 22 Apr 1784 Bourchier Wrey 6th Baronet (deceased) was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map].

Sacred To the Memory of Sir Bourchier Wrey of Tawstock House In the County of Devon Bart Descended from Sir Chichester Wrey Bart Of Trebeigh in the County of Cornwall By Ann wife Wife Daughter and Coheiress Of Edward Bourchier Earl of Bath And Lord Fitz-warine, and relict of James Earl of Middlesex. He was chosen in 1748 to represent in Parliament the Borough of Barnstaple And was nineteen Years Colonel of the North-Devon Regiment of Militia He departed this Life April 13th 1784 Aged 69 Years

Sir Bourchier Wrey was twice married First to Mary daughter of John Edwards of Highgate Esqr By which Marriage there was no issue, Afterwards to Ellen Daughter & Coheiress of John Thresher Esqr of Bradford in the County of Wilts (By Whom he has left two Sons and four Daughters Bourchier, Bourchier William, Ellen, Dyonisia, Florentina, and Anna Maria) & who having surviv's him has caus'd This Monument to be erected As a Testimony of Her Respect and Affection.

Taddington. On the 22nd of April, we opened a small barrow on elevated land near Taddington, called Slipper Low [Map], which was only about six yards diameter. It covered an irregularly shaped grave, cut in the rock, about eighteen inches deep containing an adult skeleton, extended on its back, with the head to the north-west. The bones were much decayed from the grave having been filled with tempered earth, which led us to conclude that the interment had taken place at a late period, although no implement whatever was found to indicate the era.

The Diary of George Price Boyce 1854. 22 Apr 1854. While working on drawing in Edward the Confessor's Chapel, a sociable intelligent looking American gentleman accosted me and asked me to make him two sketches, one of a gloomy desolate character and the other cheerful and sunny and vernal. He wished to send them to his wife as descriptive of the state of his feelings during a recent sea voyage. I learnt he was a friend of Dean Milman and Samuel Rogers, his name, Dr. Magoon, of New York, U.S.A.

Wiltshire Archaeological Magazine 1872 V13 Page 103. Early in the year 1864 a paragraph in one of the local papers stated that some skeletons had been found on Oldbury Hill. On visiting the spot it appeared that in digging for chalk for the purpose of making whiting, the workmen had trenched on a barrow. It is situated on the top of an elevated knoll forming a spur on the W.N.W. side of the obelisk. It is in length 60 feet, in breadth 26 feet, and about 3 feet high. The opening made by the labourers was on the S.E. They found three skeletons lying with the heads towards the east, in a large shallow grave surrounded by small blocks of sarsen stone. As far as I could ascertain nothing had been found with the bones. In the earth with which the grave had been filled up was an abundance of rude pottery and flint-flakes.

Although none of the bones had been burned, there was a considerable quantity of charcoal and wood-ashes towards the bottom of the cavity, particularly on the north side. Many of the flint-flakes were burnt, but only one was found which showed traces of having been subjected to any manipulation beyond the original flaking. The whole of the barrow had been much disturbed by the workmen, and many of the bones had been carried away by people visiting the spot. The crania were much mutilated, but Dr. Thurnam has kindly examined them and reports that one is the skull of a man, and two those of women. They are of the lengthened oval, or dolichocephalic form, such as are generally found in the long barrows of Wiltshire and Gloucestershire. Dr. Thurnham gives the measurement of these crania in his paper, "On the Two principal Forms of Ancient British Skulls"1 From this table (Table II.), it appears that the male skull has the breadth-index as low as ·68, and the two female skulls that of ·71 and ·74 respectively.

On digging in the centre of the barrow a cist six feet eight inches in depth, and about two feet wide, by three feet long, was discovered. It contained no traces whatever of human remains or art, excepting a few wood-ashes, and these may have fallen in accidentally. It is probable that this part of the barrow had been rifled at some former period. A fragment of a bone implement was found in the upper part of the barrow, just under the turf, and a rude, but well-worn muller, of sarsen-stone — both had been partially burnt. I had trenches dug on the north and north-east sides of the barrow, but no traces of any interment were seen.

22 Apr 1864.

Note 1. Memoirs of Anthropological Society of London. Vol. i., p. 473.

On 22 Apr 1872 Margaret Hohenzollern was born to Frederick III King Prussia (age 40) and Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia (age 31). She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 22 Apr 1906 Gustaf Adolf Bernadotte was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 23) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 24). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Archaeologia Volume 84 1935 Section VI. 22 Apr 1914. Plate XXXVIII. Fig. 2. View, looking WNW., of the early stages in the excavation of Cutting IX, Fosse, on the E. side of the Entrance Causeway, a cutting across which is seen.

On 22 Apr 1998 John Arscott Molesworth-St Aubyn 15th Baronet (age 71) committed suicide. His son William Molesworth-St Aubyn 16th Baronet (age 39) succeeded 16th Baronet Molesworth of Pencarrow in Cornwall.

The Independent of Ireland reported:

A MILLIONAIRE aristocrat killed himself after becoming depressed by the huge task of managing his country estates. Lieut-Col Sir Arscott Molesworth-St Aubyn, 71, shot himself in the butler's pantry at his Georgian mansion as his wife Lady Iona slept upstairs.

He had property worth an estimated £41m but struggled with the workload involved in generating enough income to keep 12-bedroom Pencarrow House, near Wadebridge, Cornwall, and its 1,500 acres.

An inquest heard how Sir Arscott and Lady Iona, 63, had battled for years to improve the estate, which he inherited 30 years ago. A suicide verdict was returned after a jury heard the baronet had a 14-year history of depression.

Births on the 22nd April

On 22 Apr 1444 Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk was born to Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 32) and Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 28) at Rouen, France [Map]. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.42%.

On 22 Apr 1451 Isabella Queen Castile was born to John II King Castile (age 46) and Isabella Aviz Queen Consort Castile (age 23). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.60%.

On 22 Apr 1518 Antoine King Navarre was born to Charles Bourbon Duke Vendôme (age 28) and Françoise Valois Countess Vendôme (age 28).

On 22 Apr 1535 John Brooke was born to George Brooke 9th Baron Cobham (age 38) and Anne Braye Baroness Cobham (age 34).

On 22 Apr 1668 Charles Dormer 5th Baron Dormer was born to Charles Dormer.

On 22 Apr 1700 Stillborn Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 23) and Magdalena Augusta Anhalt Zerbst Anhaltzerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg at Gotha.

On 22 Apr 1720 Chandos Hoskyns 5th Baronet was born to Hungerford Hoskyns 4th Baronet (age 43) and Mary Leigh Lady Hoskyns (age 21).

On 22 Apr 1726 Thomas Worsley 6th Baronet was born to James Worsley 5th Baronet (age 54).

On 22 Apr 1730 George Byron was born to William Byron 4th Baron Byron (age 60) and Frances Berkeley Baroness Byron (age 27).

On 22 Apr 1746 Anne Lyon was born to Thomas Lyon 8th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 42) and Jean Nicholson.

On 22 Apr 1771 Edward Seymour was born to Webb Seymour 10th Duke of Somerset (age 52) and Anne Maria Bonnell Duchess Somerset.

On 22 Apr 1785 Robert Henry Cunliffe 4th Baronet was born to Foster Cunliffe 3rd Baronet (age 30) and Harriet Kinloch Lady Cunliffe.

On 22 Apr 1811 Charles Arthur Wentworth Harwood Noel-Hill was born to Richard Noel-Hill 4th Baron Berwick (age 36) and Frances Maria Owen (age 26).

On 22 Apr 1833 Charles Henry Wilson 1st Baron Nunburnholme was born to Thomas Wilson (age 41).

On 22 Apr 1835 Reginald Henry Graham 8th Baronet was born to Bellingham Reginald Graham 7th Baronet (age 45) and Harriet Cottam Lady Graham.

On 22 Apr 1847 Emily Georgina Kerr Countess Strafford was born to Frederick Herbert Kerr (age 29).

On 22 Apr 1847 Charles Henry Wynn was born to Spencer Bulkeley Wynn 3rd Baron Newborough (age 43) and Frances Maria De Winton Baroness Newborough. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 22 Apr 1868 Elizabeth Wharton Drexel Baroness Decies was born to Joseph William Drexel (age 35) and Lucy Wharton (age 27).

On 22 Apr 1872 Margaret Hohenzollern was born to Frederick III King Prussia (age 40) and Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia (age 31). She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 22 Apr 1875 Odo Vivian 3rd Baron Swansea was born to Henry Vivian 1st Baron Swansea (age 53) and Averil Beaumont (age 34).

On 22 Apr 1894 Henry Nelson 7th Earl Nelson was born to Edward Nelson 5th Earl Nelson (age 33).

On 22 Apr 1906 Gustaf Adolf Bernadotte was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 23) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 24). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Marriages on the 22nd April

Before 22 Apr 1396 Henry Grey 5th Baron Grey of Wilton (age 54) and Elizabeth Talbot Baroness Grey Wilton were married. She by marriage Baroness Grey of Wilton. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 22 Apr 1422 Charles "Victorious" VII King France (age 19) and Marie Valois Anjou Queen Consort France (age 17) were married. She the daughter of King Louis of Naples and Yolanda Barcelona Queen Consort Naples. He the son of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 53) and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France (age 52). They were second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 22 Apr 1433 John Duke Bedford (age 43) and Jacquetta Luxemburg (age 18) were married at Thérouanne [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Bedford. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 43) and Margherita Baux (age 39). He the son of King Henry IV of England and Mary Bohun. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

The marriage caused a rift with Philip "Good" Duke Burgundy (age 36), John's late wife's brother, who regarded the marriage, some five months after his sister's death, an insult to her memory. There was no issue from the marriage with John dying a year and a half later.

On 22 Apr 1455 John La Marck I Duke Cleves (age 36) and Elizabeth Valois Duchess Cleves (age 16) were married. She by marriage Duchess Cleves. She the daughter of John Valois II Count of Nevers, Etampes, Rethel and Eu (age 40) and Jacqueline Ailly Countess Nevers. He the son of Adolph La Marck I Duke Cleves and Marie Valois Duchess Cleves (age 62). They were second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1538. 22 Apr 1538. This yeare, the morrowe after Easter dale, being the twentie towe daie of Aprill, Sir Thomas Awdeley (age 50), knight, Lord Chauncelor of Englande, was married to my Ladie Elizabeth Graie,a sister to the Lord Marques of Dorsett (age 21) now living, and daughter to the old Lord Marques late deceased.

Note. Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden (age 50) and were married. She by marriage Baroness Audley Walden in Essex. She the daughter of Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset and Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Note a. Elizabeth Grey, eldest daughter of Thomas fifth Marquis of Dorset, and sister of Henry (age 21), who succeeded to the title in 1530.

On 22 Apr 1620 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham (age 40) and Mary Cockayne 1st Countess Nottingham were married. She by marriage Countess Nottingham. She the daughter of William Cockayne (age 59) and Mary Morris Countess Dover (age 55). He the son of Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham (age 84) and Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham.

On or after 22 Apr 1633, the date of the licence, George Stonhouse 1st and 3rd Baronet (age 29) and Margaret Lovelace were married.

Before 22 Apr 1690 George Carteret 1st Baron Carteret (age 22) and Jane Granville Baroness Gower (age 35) were married. She by marriage Baroness Carteret of Hawnes. She the daughter of John Granville 1st Earl Bath (age 61) and Jane Wyche.

On 22 Apr 1725 Wriothesley Russell 3rd Duke Bedford (age 16) and Anne Egerton Duchess Bedford were married. She by marriage Duchess Bedford. She was the step-daughter of his sister Rachel Russell Duchess Bridgewater (age 18). She the daughter of Scroop Egerton 1st Duke Bridgewater (age 43) and Elizabeth Churchill Countess Bridgewater. He the son of Wriothesley Russell 2nd Duke Bedford and Elizabeth Howland Duchess Bedford.

On 22 Apr 1759 Charles Gordon 4th Earl Aboyne (age 33) and Margaret Stewart Countess Aboyne were married. She by marriage Countess Aboyne. She the daughter of Alexander Stewart 6th Earl Galloway (age 65) and Catherine Cochrane Countess Galloway (age 50). He the son of John Gordon 3rd Earl Aboyne and Grace Lockhart Countess Aboyne. They were second cousins.

Before 22 Apr 1777 John Tuchet 8th Earl Castlehaven (age 52) and Susanna Drax were married. There is some uncertainty as whether this marriage is correct. Some sources describe him as having died unmarried? He the son of James Tuchet 6th Earl Castlehaven and Elizabeth Arundell Countess Castlehaven.

On 22 Apr 1801 Grey Skipwith 8th Baronet (age 29) and Harriet Townsend Lady Skipwith (age 22) were married. They had 12 sons and 8 daughters.

On 22 Apr 1841 James Bruce 12th Earl Kincardine 8th Earl Elgin (age 29) and Elizabeth Mary Cumming Bruce Countess Kincardine and Elgin were married. He the son of Thomas Bruce 11th Earl Kincardine 7th Earl Elgin (age 74) and Mary Nisbet Countess Elgin (age 63).

Deaths on the 22nd April

On 22 Apr 1279 Archbishop Walter Giffard (age 54) died at York [Map]. He was buried at York Minster [Map].

On 22 Apr 1355 Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet (age 36) died. She was buried at Deventer Abbey [Map].

On 22 Apr 1396 Henry Grey 5th Baron Grey of Wilton (age 54) died. His son Richard Grey 6th Baron Grey of Wilton (age 3) succeeded 6th Baron Grey of Wilton.

On 22 Apr 1545 Louis Wittelsbach X Duke Bavaria (age 49) died. His uncle Christoph Duke Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria succeeded Christophe I Duke Bavaria.

On 22 Apr 1577 John Neville 4th Baron Latimer of Snape (age 57) died. He was buried at St Michaels Church, Well. Baron Latimer of Snape abeyant between daughters Katherine Neville Countess Northumberland (age 32), Dorothy Neville Countess Exeter (age 29), Lucy Neville (age 28) and Elizabeth Neville (age 27).

On 22 Apr 1634 Richard Lovelace 1st Baron Lovelace (age 70) died in Hurley, Buckinghamshire. His son John Lovelace 2nd Baron Lovelace (age 18) succeeded 2nd Baron Lovelace.

On 22 Apr 1703 William Hicks 2nd Baronet (age 73) died. His son Henry Hicks 3rd Baronet (age 37) succeeded 3rd Baronet Hicks of Beverston in Gloucestershire.

On 22 Apr 1707 John Bendish 3rd Baronet (age 77) died whilst imprisoned for debt at the Fleet Prison [Map]. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Steeple Bumstead on 03 May 1707. His son Henry Bendish 4th Baronet (age 33) succeeded 4th Baronet Bendish of Steeple Bumstead in Essex.

On 22 Apr 1711 Constance Lucy Lady Burgoyne (age 52) died.

On 22 Apr 1717 Ursula Widdrington Countess Plymouth (age 69) died.

On 15 Apr 1762 Edward Dering 5th Baronet (age 57) died. He was buried at St Nicholas' Church, Pluckley on 22 Apr 1762. His son Edward Dering 6th Baronet (age 29) succeeded 6th Baronet Dering of Surrenden Dering in Kent.

On 22 Apr 1777 John Tuchet 8th Earl Castlehaven (age 52) died. Earl Castlehaven, Baron Audley of Orier in England and Baron Audley of Hely in Ireland extinct. His nephew George Thicknesse 19th Baron Audley (age 20) succeeded 19th Baron Audley of Heighley in Staffordshire.

On 22 Apr 1788 Charles Philip Jennings-Clerke 2nd Baronet died. Baronet Jennings of Duddlestone Hall extinct.

On 22 Apr 1799 Henry Yelverton 3rd Earl of Sussex (age 70) died without suviving male issue. Earl of Sussex and Viscount Longueville and Baronet Yelverton of Easton Maudit in Northamptonshire extinct. His grandson Henry Gould Yelverton 19th Baron Grey Ruthyn (age 18) succeeded 19th Baron Grey of Ruthyn. Note. Many sources describe his death as 1779 which would be inconsistent with Henry Gould Yelverton 19th Baron Grey Ruthyn (age 18) succeeding.

On 22 Apr 1838 Henrietta Vernon Countess Warwick and Brooke (age 77) died.

On 22 Apr 1897 Elizabeth Sackville-West Duchess Bedford (age 78) died at Latimer House, Chesham. She was buried having been cremated at Bedford Chapel, St Michael's Church, Chenies.

On 22 Apr 1916 Thomas Peyton 5th Baronet (age 98) died. His son Algernon Francis Peyton 6th Baronet (age 60) succeeded 6th Baronet Peyton of Doddington.

After 22 Apr 1916 Algernon Francis Peyton 6th Baronet (age 60) died. His son Algernon Peyton 7th Baronet (age 27) succeeded 7th Baronet Peyton of Doddington.

On 22 Apr 1935 Compton Meade Domvile 4th Baronet (age 78) died unmarried. Baronet Domvile of Templeogue and Santry House in the County of Dublin extinct.

On 22 Apr 1998 John Arscott Molesworth-St Aubyn 15th Baronet (age 71) committed suicide. His son William Molesworth-St Aubyn 16th Baronet (age 39) succeeded 16th Baronet Molesworth of Pencarrow in Cornwall.

The Independent of Ireland reported:

A MILLIONAIRE aristocrat killed himself after becoming depressed by the huge task of managing his country estates. Lieut-Col Sir Arscott Molesworth-St Aubyn, 71, shot himself in the butler's pantry at his Georgian mansion as his wife Lady Iona slept upstairs.

He had property worth an estimated £41m but struggled with the workload involved in generating enough income to keep 12-bedroom Pencarrow House, near Wadebridge, Cornwall, and its 1,500 acres.

An inquest heard how Sir Arscott and Lady Iona, 63, had battled for years to improve the estate, which he inherited 30 years ago. A suicide verdict was returned after a jury heard the baronet had a 14-year history of depression.