On this Day in History ... 04 December

04 Dec is in December.

1290 Eleanor Crosses

1370 Battle of Pontvallain

1483 Buckingham's Rebellion

1529 Henry VIII Creates New Peerages

1680 Trial and Execution of William Howard 1st Viscount Stafford

On 04 Dec 811 Charles "Younger" King Franks (age 39) died at Bavaria.

Florence of Worcester Continuation. 04 Dec 1138. Roger, bishop of Salisbury, a great builder of castles and fortified mansions, being worn to death with grief and vexation, died at his episcopal seat on the second of the nones [the 4th] of December, and was buried in that church, leaving in his castles immense sums of money, which fell not into the hands of God, but of king Stephen. There are those who say that more than forty thousand silver marks were found there, and that he had likewise hoarded a vast amount of gold, and a variety of ornaments, and knew not for whom he had gathered them. He enriched the church dedicated to St. Mary, mother of God, with magnificent ornaments.

Note 1. For the character of Roger, bishop of Salisbury, see Stephani," p. 370, and William of Malmesbury, p. 507.

On 04 Dec 1214 William "Lion" I King Scotland (age 71) died at Stirling [Map]. He was buried at Arbroath Abbey. His son Alexander II King Scotland (age 16) succeeded II King Scotland.

On 04 or 05 Dec 1270 Theobald "Young" II King Navarre (age 30) died at Trapani returning from the Eighth Crusade. His brother Henry I King Navarre (age 26) succeeded I King Navarre, III Count Champagne. Blanche Capet Queen Navarre (age 22) by marriage Queen Navarre, Countess Champagne.

Eleanor Crosses

On 04 Dec 1290 Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (deceased) body rested at Grantham [Map].

On 04 Dec 1340 Bishop Henry Burghesh (age 48) died at Ghent. He was buried in the St Catherine Chantry at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 04 Dec 1344 Pope John XII died.

Battle of Pontvallain

On 04 Dec 1370 the Battle of Pontvallain was a French army under Bertrand du Guesclin heavily defeated an English force at Pontvallain which had broken away from an army commanded by Robert Knollys (age 45).

Thomas Grandison 4th Baron Grandison (age 31) commanded.

Philip Courtenay (age 15) and Hugh Despencer (age 32) were captured.

Alan Buxhull (age 47) fought.

On 04 Dec 1371 Reginald III Duke Guelders (age 38) died without issue. The Duke Guelders title passed to his sisters and their husband's resulting in a war of succession with William Jülich 3rd Duke Guelders 3rd Duke Jülich (age 7), son of his sister Marie Guelders Duchess Jülich eventually succeeding.

On 04 Dec 1393 Frederick Wittelsbach Duke Bavaria (age 54) died. His son Henry "The Rich" Wittelsbach XVI Duke Bavaria (age 7) succeeded XVI Duke Bavaria.

On 04 Dec 1456 Charles Bourbon I Duke Bourbon (age 55) died. His son John Bourbon II Duke Bourbon (age 30) succeeded II Duke Bourbon.

On 04 Dec 1467 Francis I King Navarre was born to Gaston V Count Foix (age 24) and Magdalena Valois Countess Foix (age 24).

Buckingham's Rebellion

On 04 Dec 1483 George Browne (age 43) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].

On 04 Dec 1506 Thomas Darcy 1st Baron Darcy Chiche was born to Roger Darcy (age 28) and Elizabeth Wentworth Countess Bath (age 36).

Henry VIII Creates New Peerages

On 01 Dec 1529 ...

Andrew Windsor 1st Baron Windsor (age 62) was created 1st Baron Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire. Elizabeth Blount Baroness Windsor (age 60) by marriage Baroness Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire.

John Hussey 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford (age 64) was created 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford. Anne Grey Baroness Hussey Sleaford by marriage Baroness Hussey of Sleaford.


On 02 Dec 1529 ...

Thomas Wentworth 1st Baron Wentworth (age 28) was created 1st Baron Wentworth 1C 1529. Margaret Fortescue Baroness Wentworth (age 27) by marriage Baroness Wentworth.

Thomas Burgh 7th Baron Cobham 5th Baron Strabolgi 1st Baron Burgh (age 41) was created 1st Baron Burgh. Agnes Tyrwhitt Baroness Cobham, Strabolgi and Burgh (age 48) by marriage Baroness Burgh. This is regarded as a new creation rather than a continuation of the previous creation Baron Burgh since Thomas's father was never summoned to Parliament due to his insanity. Some sources refer to Thomas as the 3rd Baron Burgh.


On 04 Dec 1529 Edmund Braye 1st Baron Braye (age 45) was created 1st Baron Braye.

On 04 Dec 1548 a double wedding of a father and son, and a mother and daughter, was celebrated at Hengrave Hall, Bury St Edmunds.

John Bourchier 2nd Earl Bath (age 49) and Margaret Donnington Countess Bath (age 39) were married. She by marriage Countess Bath. He the son of John Bourchier 1st Earl Bath and Cecily Daubeney Baroness Fitzwarin. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England.

John Bourchier (age 19) and Frances Kitson were married. He the son of John Bourchier 2nd Earl Bath (age 49) and Eleanor Manners Countess Bath. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 04 Dec 1571 Ferdinand King Asturias was born to Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain (age 44) and Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 21.27%.

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On 04 Dec 1592 Robert Sackville 2nd Earl Dorset (age 31) and Anne Spencer Countess Dorset were married. He the son of Thomas Sackville 1st Earl Dorset (age 56) and Cicely Baker Countess Dorset (age 57).

On 04 Dec 1607 John Freschville 1st Baron Frescheville was born to Peter Freschville (age 36) and Joyce Fleetwood.

On 04 Dec 1611 Matthias I Holy Roman Emperor (age 54) and Anna of Austria Holy Roman Empress (age 26) were married. Anna of Austria Holy Roman Empress by marriage Holy Roman Empress. The difference in their ages was 28 years. He the son of Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress. They were first cousins.

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On 04 Dec 1659 John Brereton 4th Baron Brereton and Mary Tipping Baroness Brereton (age 4) were married at St Paul's Church, Covent Garden. She by marriage Baroness Brereton.

On 04 Dec 1660 Wadham Wyndham (age 51) was knighted by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30).

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Evelyn's Diary. 04 Dec 1661. I had much discourse with the Duke of York (age 28), concerning strange cures he affirmed of a woman who swallowed a whole ear of barley, which worked out at her side. I told him of the KNIFE SWALLOWED and the pins.

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On 04 Dec 1667 Francis Lee 4th Baronet (age 28) died. His son Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield (age 4) succeeded 5th Baronet Lee of Quarrendon in Buckinghamshire.

Trial and Execution of William Howard 1st Viscount Stafford

Evelyn's Diary. 04 Dec 1680. Came other witnesses of the Commons to corroborate the King's (age 50), some being Peers, some Commons, with others of good quality, who took off all the former day's objections, and set the King's (age 50) witnesses recti in curiâ.

On 04 Dec 1706 Robert "Beau Handsome" Fielding (age 56) was found guilty of bigamy. The marriage between him and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 66) was annulled. He escaped sentence by producing a letter from Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland (age 41) suspending his sentences. He lived out his days with Mary Wadsworth.

On 04 Dec 1719 Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 18) and Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond (age 14) were married at The Hague. He was, apparently, forced into the marriage to pay off his, or his father's debts since she brought a considerable dowry. She the daughter of William Cadogan 1st Earl Cadogan (age 47) and Margaret Cecilia Munter Countess Cadogan. He the son of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 47) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 48). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 04 Dec 1739 Henry Temple 2nd Viscount Palmerston was born to Henry Temple and Jane Barnard.

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On 04 Dec 1764 Richard Bingham 2nd Earl Lucan was born to Charles Bingham 1st Earl Lucan (age 29) and Margaret Smith Countess Lucan (age 24).

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On 04 Dec 1835 John Crewe 2nd Baron Crewe (age 63) died.

On 04 Dec 1964 Eva Mary FitzHardinge Milman 16th Baroness Berkeley (age 89) died. Baron Berkeley 2C 1421 abeyant between her two daughters Mary Lalle Foley 17th Baroness Berkeley (age 59) and Cynthia Ella Foley (age 55).

On 04 Dec 2000 Colin Cowdrey 1st Baron Cowdrey (age 67) died.