On this Day in History ... 16 September

16 Sep is in September.

1398 Thomas Mowbray Duel

1513 Battle of Flodden

1665 Battle of Vågen

1701 Death of King James II

1916 Battle of the Somme

On 16 Sep 1275 Roger de Montalt 1st Baron Montalt (age 37) died at Mold Castle, Flintshire [Map]. Baron Montalt extinct. His brother inherited Castle Rising Castle [Map].

On 16 Sep 1343 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 37) died. His son Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 10) succeeded II King Navarre.

On 16 Sep 1345 John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 50) died at Hennebont. His son John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 6) succeeded V Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. Mary Plantagenet Duchess Brittany by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 16 Sep 1380 King Charles V of France (age 42) died. His son Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 11) succeeded VI King France: Capet Valois.

Thomas Mowbray Duel

Before 16 Sep 1398 the future Henry IV (age 31) reported to King Richard II (age 31) that Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30) had made a treasonous remark regarding Richard's rule. Richard II proposed a duel of honour at Gosford Green Caludon Coventry [Map], neat Mowbray's home Caludon Castle.

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On 16 Sep 1398 the future Henry IV (age 31) spent the night at Baginton Castle [Map], the home of his friend William Bagot. Thomas Mowbray (age 30) spent the night at his home Caludon Castle [Map].

On 16 Sep 1415 Elizabeth Beauchamp 3rd Baroness Bergavenny was born to Richard Beauchamp 1st Earl of Worcester (age 19) and Isabel Despencer Countess Warwick and Worcester (age 15) at Hanley Castle, Worcestershire. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Battle of Flodden

Ellis' Letters S1 V1 Letter XXXII. 16 Sep 1513. Queen Catherine (age 27) to King Henry VIII (age 22)th, after the Battle of Flodden Field. A. D. 1513.

[MS. COTTON. VESP. F. in. fol. 15. Orig.]

Sir

MY Lord Howard (age 70) hath sent me a Lettre open to your Grace, within oon of myn, by the whiche ye shal see at length the grete Victorye that our Lord hath sent your subgetts in your absence; and for this cause it is noo nede herin to trouble your Grace with long writing, but, to my thinking, this batell hath bee to your Grace and al your reame the grettest honor that coude bee, and more than ye shuld wyn al the crown of Fraunce; thankend bee God of it: and I am suer your Grace forgetteth not to doo this, which shal be cause to send you many moo suche grete victoryes, as I trust he shal doo. My husband, for hastynesse, wt Rogecrosse I coude not sende your Grace the pece of the King of Scotts (deceased) cote [coat] whiche John Glyn now bringeth. In this your grace shal see how I can kepe my premys, sending you for your baners a Kings cote. I thought to sende hymself (deceased) unto you, but our Englishemens herts wold not suffre it. It shuld have been better for hym to have been in peax than have this rewards. Al that God sendeth is for the best.NOTEXT

My Lord of Surrey (age 40), my Henry, wold fayne knowe your pleasur in the buryeng of the King of Scotts (deceased) body, for he hath writen to me soo. With the next messanger your grace pleasur may bee herin knowen. And with this I make an ende: prayng God to sende you home shortly, for without this noo joye here can bee accomplisshed; and for the same I pray, and now goo to our Lady at Walsyngham [Map] that I promised soo long agoo to see. At Woborne [Map] the xvj. day of Septembre.NOTEXT

I sende your grace herin a bille founde in a Scottisshemans purse of suche things as the Frenshe King sent to the said King of Scotts to make warre against you, beseching your a to sende Mathewe hider assone this messanger commeth to bringe me tydings from your Grace.

Your humble wif and true servant

KATHERINE (age 27).

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On 16 Sep 1562 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (deceased) was buried at All Saints Church, Turvey [Map].

A curious monument to John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (deceased) and Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt with effigies that appear correct for the time of death, Elizabethan Period, whereas the surrounding monument appears a hundred years later. The carving of his head and torso also appear somewhat out of date. No explanation for his missing right foot. Sculpted by T Kirkby.

Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt: She was born to Henry Vere. Before 1508 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (age 28) and she were married. In 1529 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (age 49) was created 1st Baron Mordaunt 1C 1529. She by marriage Baroness Mordaunt. Before 1561 she died.

What appear to be Harpies supporting the monument.

The Mordaunt Crest has changed to a Blackamoor's Head.

On 16 Sep 1607 Princess Mary Stewart (age 2) died of pneumonia at the Stanwell Park Stanwell, Surrey home of Thomas Knyvet 1st Baron Knyvet (age 62) in whose care she had been placed. As soon as Mary died, the Earl of Worcester (age 57), the Earl of Leicester (age 43) and the Earl of Totnes (age 52) went to Hampton Court Palace [Map], to inform the Queen (age 32) of her daughter's death. Seeing the three men before her, Queen Anne realized what had happened and spared the men the task of telling her.

After 16 Sep 1630 John Culpepper 1st Baron Culpeper (age 30) and Judith Culpeper (age 24) were married. They were second cousins.

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1665 Battle of Vågen

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1665. At noon to dinner to my Lord Bruncker (age 45), where Sir W. Batten (age 64) and his Lady come, by invitation, and very merry we were, only that the discourse of the likelihood of the increase of the plague this weeke makes us a little sad, but then again the thoughts of the late prizes make us glad.

On 16 Sep 1673 Thomas Wharton 1st Marquess Wharton (age 25) and Anne or Nan Lee (age 14) were married.

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Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. There was something said of the second sight happening to some persons, especialy Scotch; upon which his Ma*, and I think Lord Arran, told us that Mons a French nobleman, lately here in England, seeing the late Duke of Monmouth come into yc play-house at London, suddenly cried out to somebody sitting in the same box, Voila Monsieur comme il entre sans tete. Afterwards his Ma* (age 51) spoke of some reliques that had effected strange cures, particularly a piece of our Bl. Saviour's Crosse, that heal'd a gentleman's rotten nose by onely touching; and speaking of the golden crosse and chaine taken out of the coffin of St. Edward the Confessor at Westmr*, by one of the singing men, who, as the scaffolds were taking down after his Ma*s coronation, espying a hole in the tomb, and something glisten, put his hand in, and brought it to the Deane, and he to the King; his Maty began to put the Bishop in mind how earnestly the late King (his brother) call'd upon him, during his agonie, to take out what he had in his pocket. I had thought, said the King, it had ben for some keys, which might lead to some cabinet that his Ma* would have me secure; but, says he, you well remember that I found nothing in any of his pockets but a crosse of gold, and a few insignificant papers; and thereupon he shew'd us the crosse, and was pleas'd to put it into my hand. It was of gold, about three inches long, having on one side a crucifix enamell'd and emboss'd, the rest was grav'd and garnish'd with goldsmiths' work, and two pretty broad table amethists (as I conceiv'd), and at the bottom a pendant pearle; within was inchas'd a little fragment, as was thought, of the true Crosse, and a Latine inscription in gold and Roman letters. More company coming in, this discourse ended. I may not forget a resolution which his Ma* made, and had a little before enter'd upon it at ye Council Board at Windsor or Whitehall, that the Negroes in the Plantations should all be baptiz'd, exceedingly declaiming against that impiety of their masters prohibiting it, out of a mistaken opinion that they would be ipso facto free; but his Ma* persists in his resolution to have them christen'd, wch piety ye Bishop blessed him for.

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Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. The next morning setting out early, we ariv'd soon enough at Winchester [Map] to waite on the King (age 51), who was lodg'd at the Dean's (Dr. Meggot). I found very few with him besides my Lords Feversham (age 44), Arran [Note. Not clear which Earl of Arran], Newport (age 65), and the Bishop of Bath and Wells (age 48). His Ma* (age 51) was discoursing with the Bishops concerning miracles, and what strange things the Saludadors would do in Spaine, as by creeping into heated ovens without hurt, and that they had a black crosse in the roofe of their mouthes, but yet were commonly notorious and profane wretches; upon which his Majesty (age 51) further said, that he was so extreamly difficult of miracles, for feare of being impos'd upon, that if he should chance to see one himselfe, without some other witness, he should apprehend it a delusion of his senses. Then they spake of ye boy who was pretended to have a wanting leg restor'd him, so confidently asserted by Fr. de Sta Clara and others. To all which the Bishop added a greate miracle happening In Winchester to his certaine knowledge, of a poor miserably sick and decrepit child (as I remember long kept unbaptiz'd), who immediately on his baptism recover'd; as also of yc salutary effect of K. Charles his Ma*s father's blood, in healing one that was blind.

1701 Death of King James II

Evelyn's Diary. 02 Sep 1701. The death of King James (age 67), happening on the 15th of this month, N. S., after two or three days' indisposition, put an end to that unhappy Prince's troubles, after a short and unprosperous reign, indiscreetly attempting to bring in Popery, and make himself absolute, in imitation of the French, hurried on by the impatience of the Jesuits; which the nation would not endure.

On 16 Sep 1701 King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 67) died at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He was buried in the Church of the English Benedictines.

After 16 Sep 1743. Monument to George Savile 7th Baronet (deceased) by William Barlow at Church of St Michael and All Angels, Thornhill [Map].

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On 16 Sep 1775 Allen Bathurst 1st Earl Bathurst (age 90) died. His son Henry Bathurst 2nd Earl Bathurst (age 61) succeeded 2nd Earl Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex. Tryphena Scawen Countess Bathurst Sussex (age 44) by marriage Countess Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex.

On 16 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey (deceased) was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map]. Sacred to the Memory of ANNE The Lady of Sir BOURCHIER WREY (age 34) Baronet, and Daughter of Sir ROBERT PALK (age 73) Baronet, of Haldon House in this County who died the 5th day of September 1791, Aged 27 Years, leaving three infant children. Her Heart was pure and her manners unaffected. Her constant study was to know her Duty, and her greatest pleasure to discharge it, An affectionate Wife, a tender Parent, gentle, friendly, and benevolent. Taken from the World in the Prime of Years by a severe and lingering illness. She submitted to the will of Heaven with patient Resignation. Learn from her example that Virtue Is the loveliest ornament of Beauty!

Sculpted by W Youngs, Barum.

Anne Palk Lady Wrey: Around 1764 she was born to Robert Palk 1st Baronet (age 46) and Anne van Sittart Lady Palk at Madras. On 14 Mar 1786 Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet (age 29) and Anne Palk Lady Wrey (age 22) were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. On 05 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey (age 27) died.

Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet: On or before 23 Feb 1757, the day he was baptised at St Peter's Church, Tawstock, he was born to Bourchier Wrey 6th Baronet (age 43) and Ellen Thresher Lady Wrey (age 26). On 13 Apr 1784 Bourchier Wrey 6th Baronet (age 70) died. His son Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet (age 27) succeeded 7th Baronet Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. In Jan 1793 Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet (age 35) and Anne Osborn Lady Wrey (age 30) were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. On 20 Nov 1826 Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet (age 69) died. His son Bourchier Wrey 8th Baronet (age 37) succeeded 8th Baronet Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall.

On 16 Sep 1799 William O'Brien 2nd Marquess Thomond (age 34) and Rebecca Trotter Marchioness Thomond (age 24) were married.

On 16 Sep 1810 Sidney Herbert 1st Baron Herbert Lea was born to George Augustus Herbert 11th Earl Pembroke 8th Earl Montgomery (age 51) and Yekaterina Semyonovna Vorontsova Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 25).

On 16 Sep 1824 Louis XVIII King France (age 68) died. His brother King Charles X of France (age 66) de jure XVIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 16 Sep 1826 William Neville 1st Marquess Abergavenny was born to William Neville 4th Earl Abergavenny (age 34) and Caroline Leeke Countess Abergavenny.

On 16 Sep 1884 Francis D'Arcy Godolphin Osborne 12th Duke of Leeds was born to Sidney Francis Godolphin Osborne (age 49) and Margaret Dulcibella Hammersley (age 23).

On 16 Sep 1885 Charles John Darling 1st Baron Darling (age 35) and Mary Caroline Greathed Baroness Darling (age 21) were married.

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On 16 Sep 1895 Miles Stapleton 10th Baron Beaumont (age 45) died without male issue. Baron Beaumont abeyant between his two infant daughters Mona Stapleton 11th Baroness Beaumont and Baroness Howard (age 1) and Ivy Mary Stapleton, the latter being born three weeks after his death.

On 16 Sep 1915 Christopher Beckett 4th Baron Grimthorpe was born to Ralph Beckett 3rd Baron Grimthorpe (age 24) and Mary Alice Archdale Baroness Beckett.

Battle of the Somme

On 16 Sep 1916 Guy Baring (age 43) was killed in action during the Battle of the Somme. Seventeen officers and six-hundred and ninety other ranks went into battle, but only three officers survived (one injured) and two-hundred and twenty-one other ranks. Baring was buried in Citadel New Military Cemetery

On 16 Sep 1943 Henry Wellesley 6th Duke Wellington (age 31) was killed during an attempt to take Pimple Hill. He was buried where he lay. He was unmarried and without issue. His uncle Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 58) succeeded 7th Duke Wellington 1C 1814, 11th Earl Mornington 1C 1760, 11th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 7th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 54) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

Time Team Series 1 Episode 4: The Fortress in the Lake was filmed between 16 Sep 1993 and 18 Sep 1993. It was originally shown on 06 Feb 1994.

Locations: Llangorse Lake, Breconshire [Map], St Paulinus' Church, Llangorse [Map].

Category: Time Team Early Medieval.

Time Team:

Tony Robinson (age 47), Presenter

Mick Aston (age 47), Bristol University Landscape Archaeologist

Carenza Lewis (age 29), Royal Commission on Historic Monuments

Phil Harding (age 43), Wessex Archaeological Trust Field Archaeologist

Robin Bush (age 50), Archivist.

Victor Ambrus (age 58), Historical Illustrator

John Gator, Chris Gaffney, Geophysics

Damian Goodburn, Ancient Woodworking Specialist

Mark Redknap, National Museum of Wales

Techniques: Magnetometry

Sources: Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 916, Book of Llandaff Chapter 4 Section 7: Llan Cors, Book of Llandaff Chapter 8

Historical Figures: King Elised of Brecknock, Æthelflæd Lady of the Mercians.

Outcomes: Reconstructed Iron Age boat made from 3.5 tonnes of oak; a copy of an original discovered in Llangorse Lake in Brecon Museum. Metal working on site, shale ring. Boundary Ditch.

Channel 4 Episode