On this Day in History ... 16th September

16 Sep is in September.

1398 Thomas Mowbray Duel

1513 Battle of Flodden

1665 Battle of Vågen

1701 Death of King James II

1916 Battle of the Somme

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1343 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 37) died. His son Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 10) succeeded II King Navarre.

On 16 Sep 1380 King Charles V of France (age 42) died. His son Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 11) succeeded VI King France: Capet Valois.

Froissart. Before 16 Sep 1398. King Richard of England (age 31) was of a temper that, when he took a liking to any one, he instantly raised him to high honours, and had such confidence in him that no-one dared to say anything to his prejudice. At the same time, there had not been a king of England in the memory of man who so easily believed all that was told him. His favourites, however paid no attention to the miserable fate of many of their predecessors; how the duke of Ireland had been banished, sir Simon Burley, sir Robert Tresilian, sir Nicholas Bramber and others had lost their lives, for counsels they had given the king, and for which the duke of Gloucester had taken great pains in their destruction. The duke was now dead, and the favourites of the moment, who continually counselled the king as they pleased, were not sorry, for they imagined no one would now pretend to oppose them. Some about the king's person could not disguise their pride and presumption, especially the earl marshal (age 30), who was in the highest degree of favour. To flatter and please the king, and to show how true and loyal a servant he was, whenever he heard any reports he told them to the king, expecting from such means to rise still higher in favour; but many, thinking to advance, are repulsed. Thus it happened to the earl marshal (age 30).

Before 16 Sep 1398 the future Henry IV (age 31) reported to King Richard II (age 31) that Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30) had made a treasonous remark regarding Richard's rule. Richard II proposed a duel of honour at Gosford Green Caludon Coventry [Map], neat Mowbray's home Caludon Castle.

On 16 Sep 1398 the future Henry IV (age 31) spent the night at Baginton Castle [Map], the home of his friend William Bagot. Thomas Mowbray (age 30) spent the night at his home Caludon Castle [Map].

Chronicle of Gregory 1433. 16 Sep 1433. And that same year a-non aftyr the xij day, the xxix day of Janyver was the Lord Fehewe (age 34) is brothyr a was stallyd Byschoppe of London.

Ellis' Letters S1 V1 Letter XXXII. 16 Sep 1513. Queen Catherine (age 27) to King Henry VIII (age 22)th, after the Battle of Flodden Field. A. D. 1513.

[MS. COTTON. VESP. F. in. fol. 15. Orig.]

Sir

MY Lord Howard (age 70) hath sent me a Lettre open to your Grace, within oon of myn, by the whiche ye shal see at length the grete Victorye that our Lord hath sent your subgetts in your absence; and for this cause it is noo nede herin to trouble your Grace with long writing, but, to my thinking, this batell hath bee to your Grace and al your reame the grettest honor that coude bee, and more than ye shuld wyn al the crown of Fraunce; thankend bee God of it: and I am suer your Grace forgetteth not to doo this, which shal be cause to send you many moo suche grete victoryes, as I trust he shal doo. My husband, for hastynesse, wt Rogecrosse I coude not sende your Grace the pece of the King of Scotts (deceased) cote [coat] whiche John Glyn now bringeth. In this your grace shal see how I can kepe my premys, sending you for your baners a Kings cote. I thought to sende hymself (deceased) unto you, but our Englishemens herts wold not suffre it. It shuld have been better for hym to have been in peax than have this rewards. Al that God sendeth is for the best.

My Lord of Surrey (age 40), my Henry, wold fayne knowe your pleasur in the buryeng of the King of Scotts (deceased) body, for he hath writen to me soo. With the next messanger your grace pleasur may bee herin knowen. And with this I make an ende: prayng God to sende you home shortly, for without this noo joye here can bee accomplisshed; and for the same I pray, and now goo to our Lady at Walsyngham [Map] that I promised soo long agoo to see. At Woborne [Map] the xvj. day of Septembre.

I sende your grace herin a bille founde in a Scottisshemans purse of suche things as the Frenshe King sent to the said King of Scotts to make warre against you, beseching your a to sende Mathewe hider assone this messanger commeth to bringe me tydings from your Grace.

Your humble wif and true servant

KATHERINE (age 27).

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Letters and Papers 1528. 16 Sep 1528. Love Letters VI. 4742. Henry VIII (age 37) to Anne Boleyn (age 27).

"The reasonable request of your last letter, with the pleasure also that I take to know them true, causeth me to send you now these news. The Legate which we most desire arrived at Paris on Sunday or Monday last past, so that I trust by the next Monday to hear of his arrival at Calais, and then I trust within a while after to enjoy that which I have so longed for to God's pleasure and our both comfort. No more to you at this present, mine own darling, for lack of time, but that I would you were in mine arms or I in yours, for I think it long since I kissed you. Written after the killing of an hart, at 11 of the clock, minding with God's grace tomorrow mytely tymely to kill another, by the hand of him which I trust shortly shall be yours.-Henry R.".

Holinshed's Chronicle 1545. 16 Sep 1545. On the sixtéenth of September a number of Scots and Frenchmen attempted to enter into England on the east borders. But the Englishmen perceiuing them about to passe by a certeine streict, set vpon them, and slue and tooke of them to the number of seuen score. Among the prisoners that were taken, the lord of Humes sonne, and a French capteine were accompted chiefest. Also in another rode made into the west borders, the lord Maxwels sonne, and diuerse others were taken. But at an other time about the same season also, certeine Englishmen to the number of fiue hundred, making their entrie by the west borders into Scotland, were discomfited by the Scots, and the more part of them either taken or slaine. Thus were they occupied as well on the borders betwixt England and Scotland, in this season, as also in the marches of Calis, Guisnes, and Bullognois, where the garrisons lieng in those places, made continuall rodes & forraies into the marches of the enimies countrie, and oftentimes chanced to incounter with some of their troops.

Calendars. 16 Sep 1547. Lieghes. In fulfilment of Henry VIII.'s will and a tripartite indenture between the king of the first part, the Protector and the other executors (named) of the said will of the second part, and William Sharyngton (age 52), knight, of the third part, dated 22 Oct. 1 Edward VI.; and for £2,8081 4s. 101d. paid in the Augmentations by the said William; and in consideration of that whole part (55 ac.) of the wood called Hamfrith Wood, sometime belonging to Anthony Hungerford (age 56), knight, in the parishes of Estham and Westham, Essex, and of that waste land (16. ac.) there which belonged to the same, lying on the west next the wood of the king and the said Anthony and on the east next land of the manor of Little Ilforde and on the south next the common way between London and Romeforde, granted to the king by the said Anthony at the request of the said Sharyngton, who has satisfied and recompensed him for it. Grant to the said William Sharyngton of the manors of Awberye [Map], Wynterborne and Charleton, Wilts, late of the college of Fotherynghey [Map], Ntht. [Northamptonshire], the farm called Barbury Leez in Okeborne parish, Wilts, late of the same college, and all the lands known as Barbury Leez there, and all the lands in Awbery [Map], Helmerton, Wynterborne, Charleton and Barburye, Wilts, which the king's father [had] by gift of the master and college of Fotherynghey; also the manor of Hatherup, Glouc., the advowson of the rectory of Hatherup, and the yearly pension of 6s. 8d. from the rector of Hatherupp, late of Lacock monastery, Wilts; also the manor of Lye alias Ligh alias Leigh beside (prope) Asheton Keyns, Wilts, and all the lands in the several tenures of Henry Cave, Thomas Wake, John Messenger, Richard Webbyng, John Awncell, William Kebull, John Cull, John Knyght, Thomas Woodwarde, John Wake, Thomas Shurmore, Robert Shurmore, John Messanger, Maud Leche, widow, Robert Surman, Robert Wake, John Hamonde, John Brokeman, John Leche, William Maubz, Nicholas Bowdon, Richard Leche, John Knyght, John Davys alias Fawkener, Thomas Browne, Edward Tyndale, Robert Cowley, Edmund Dorrell, Robert Baylorde, Richard Webyng, John Wake, Robert Keylowe, John Bonde, William Rede, Thomas Packer, the son of Maud Hideman, John Iles, Joan Bithewood, John Cowley [and] John Wylkyns, customary tenants of Assheton Keyns, or Thomas Cryppes and Agnes his wife, in the parish of Assheton Keyns, late of Tewkesbury monastery.

Also grant of the manor of Pokebroke, Ntht. [Northamptonshire], late of Peterborough abbey, the advowson of the rectory of Polebroke alias Pokebroke, all the lands there in tenure of Robert Ball, the yearly pension or portion of 20s. out of that rectory and all lands and liberties (long list) in Polebroke alias Pokebroke, Armeston, Kyngesthropp and Lutton, Ntht. [Northamptonshire], pertaining to the said manor, all which belonged to the same abbey.

Also grant of the toft and land in Polebroke alias Pokebroke in tenure of Richard Henson late of the priory or hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, and all other possessions of that priory there; the site, mansion and capital messuage of the late hospital or chantry of St. John Baptist in Armeston within Polebroke parish and all kinds of [m. 44.) lands and liberties (long list) in Armeston, Kyngesthroppe, Thurmyng, Warmyngton, Polebroke alias Polebroke and Barnewell, Ntht. [Northamptonshire], which belonged to that hospital or chantry.

Except advowsons other than those aforesaid of Hatherupp and Polebroke.

To hold to the said William Sharyngton, his heirs and assigns of the king in chief by the service of a fourth part of a knight's fee; rendering yearly for Awbery £5. 6s. 64d., Wynterbourne 14s., Charleton 508., Barbury Leez 26s., Hatherupp 33s. 6¾d., and Ley 44s. 1d.

Exoneration; except 13s. 4d. yearly paid to Christopher Temse, collector of rents of Hatherupp manor, for his fee. Issues since Annunciation last. These letters without fine or fee.

By p.s. (II. 886. Hampton Court, 18 July. Slightly injured.)

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Henry Machyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1562. The xvj day of September was bered my lady [Note. A mistake for Lord!] Mordantt (deceased) in the conte of Bedford [Map].

Note. P. 292. Funeral of lord (not lady) Mordaunt. John first lord Mordaunt, summoned to parliament in 1558, died 28 Aug. 1562, at Turvey, co. Bedford, where he was buried, and a sumptuous monument erected with effigies of himself and lady, of which there is an engraving in Halstead's Genealogies, fol. 1785, p 593.

On 16 Sep 1562 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (deceased) was buried at All Saints Church, Turvey [Map].

A curious monument to John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (deceased) and Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt with effigies that appear correct for the time of death, Elizabethan Period, whereas the surrounding monument appears a hundred years later. The carving of his head and torso also appear somewhat out of date. No explanation for his missing right foot. Sculpted by T Kirkby.

Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt: she was born to Henry Vere. Before 1508 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt and she were married. In 1529 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt was created 1st Baron Mordaunt. She by marriage Baroness Mordaunt. Before 1561 she died.

On 16 Sep 1607 Princess Mary Stewart (age 2) died of pneumonia at the Stanwell Park Stanwell, Surrey home of Thomas Knyvet 1st Baron Knyvet (age 62) in whose care she had been placed. As soon as Mary died, the Earl of Worcester (age 57), the Earl of Leicester (age 43) and the Earl of Totnes (age 52) went to Hampton Court Palace [Map], to inform the Queen (age 32) of her daughter's death. Seeing the three men before her, Queen Anne realized what had happened and spared the men the task of telling her.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1661. This morning I was busy at home to take in my part of our freight of Coles, which Sir G. Carteret (age 51), Sir R. Slingsby (age 50), and myself sent for, which is 10 Chaldron, 8 of which I took in, and with the other to repay Sir W. Pen (age 40) what I borrowed of him a little while ago. So that from this day I should see how long 10 chaldron of coals will serve my house, if it please the Lord to let me live to see them burned.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1663. Up betimes, and with my wife to Hinchingbroke [Map] to see my Lady, she being to go to my Lord this morning, and there I left her, and so back to the Court, and heard Sir R. Bernard's (age 62) charges to the Courts Baron and Leete, which took up till noon, and were worth hearing, and after putting my business into some way, went home to my father's to dinner, and after dinner to the Court, where Sir Robert (age 62) and his son came again by and by, and then to our business, and my father and I having given bond to him for the £21 Piggott owed him, my uncle Thomas did quietly admit himself and surrender to us the lands first mortgaged for our whole debt, and Sir Robert (age 62) added to it what makes it up £209, to be paid in six months. But when I came to give him an account of more lands to be surrendered to us, wherein Piggott's wife was concerned, and she there to give her consent, Sir Robert (age 62) would not hear of it, but began to talk very high that we were very cruel, and we had caution enough for our money, and he could not in conscience let the woman do it, and reproached my uncle, both he and his son, with taking use upon use for this money. To all which I did give him such answers and spoke so well, and kept him so to it, that all the Court was silent to hear us, and by report since do confess they did never hear the like in the place. But he by a wile had got our bond, and I was content to have as much as I could though I could not get all, and so took Piggott's surrender of them without his wife, and by Sir Robert's (age 62) own consent did tell the Court that if the money were not paid in the time, and the security prove not sufficient, I would conclude myself wronged by Sir Robert (age 62), which he granted I should do. This kept us till night, but am heartily glad it ended so well on my uncle's part, he doing that and Prior's little house very willingly.

Evelyn's Diary. 14 Sep 1665. I went to Wotton, Surrey [Map]; and on 16th September, to visit old Secretary Nicholas (age 72), being now at his new purchase of West Horsley, once mortgaged to me by Lord Viscount Montague (age 55): a pretty dry seat on the Down. Returned to Wotton, Surrey [Map].

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1665. At night to Captain Cocke's (age 48), meaning to lie there, it being late, and he not being at home, I walked to him to my Lord Bruncker's (age 45), and there staid a while, they being at tables; and so by and by parted, and walked to his house; and, after a mess of good broth, to bed, in great pleasure, his company being most excellent.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1665. At noon to dinner to my Lord Bruncker (age 45), where Sir W. Batten (age 64) and his Lady come, by invitation, and very merry we were, only that the discourse of the likelihood of the increase of the plague this weeke makes us a little sad, but then again the thoughts of the late prizes make us glad.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1667. After dinner she showed us her closet, which is pretty, with her James's picture done by Hales, but with a mighty bad hand, which is his great fault that he do do negligently, and the drapery also not very good. Being tired of being here, and sick of their damned sluttish dinner, my wife and Mercer and I away to the King's play-house, to see the "Scornfull Lady"; but it being now three o'clock there was not one soul in the pit; whereupon, for shame, we would not go in, but, against our wills, went all to see "Tu Quoque" again, where there is a pretty store of company, and going with a prejudice the play appeared better to us. Here we saw Madam Morland, who is grown mighty fat, but is very comely. But one of the best arts of our sport was a mighty pretty lady that sat behind, that did laugh so heartily and constantly, that it did me good to hear her.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1667. Up, and several come to me, among others Mr. Yeabsly of Plymouth, Devon [Map], to discourse about their matters touching Tangier, and by and by Sir H. Cholmly (age 35), who was with me a good while; who tells me that the Duke of York's (age 33) child is christened, the Duke of Albemarle (age 58) and the Marquis of Worcester (age 38) godfathers, and my Lady Suffolke (age 45) godmother; and they have named it Edgar, which is a brave name. But it seems they are more joyful in the Chancellor's (age 58) family, at the birth of this Prince, than in wisdom they should, for fear it should give the King (age 37) cause of jealousy.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1667. Sir H. Cholmly (age 35) do not seem to think there is any such thing can be in the King's intention as that of raising the Duke of Monmouth (age 18) to the Crowne, though he thinks there may possibly be some persons that would, and others that would be glad to have the Queen (age 28) removed to some monastery, or somewhere or other, to make room for a new wife; for they will all be unsafe under the Duke of York (age 33). He says the King (age 37) and Parliament will agree; that is, that the King (age 37) will do any thing that they will have him. We together to the Exchequer about our Tangier orders, and so parted at the New Exchange, where I staid reading Mrs. Phillips's poems till my wife and Mercer called me to Mrs. Pierce's, by invitation to dinner, where I find her painted, which makes me loathe her, and the nastiest poor dinner that made me sick, only here I met with a Fourth Advice to the Painter upon the coming in of the Dutch to the River and end of the war, that made my heart ake to read, it being too sharp, and so true. Here I also saw a printed account of the examinations taken, touching the burning of the City of London, shewing the plot of the Papists therein; which, it seems, hath been ordered and to have been burnt by the hands of the hangman, in Westminster Palace. I will try to get one of them.

Pepy's Diary. 16 Sep 1668. So to the office, and thence to St. James's to the Duke of York (age 34), walking it to the Temple [Map], and in my way observe that the Stockes are now pulled quite down; and it will make the coming into Cornhill [Map] and Lumber Street mighty noble. I stopped, too, at Paul's, and there did go into St. Fayth's Church [Map], and also in the body of the west part of the Church; and do see a hideous sight of the walls of the Church ready to fall, that I was in fear as long as I was in it: and here I saw the great vaults underneath the body of the Church. No hurt, I hear, is done yet, since their going to pull down the Church and steeple; but one man, on Monday this week, fell from the top to a piece of the roof, of the east end, that stands next the steeple, and there broke himself all to pieces. It is pretty here to see how the late Church was but a case wrought over the old Church; for you may see the very old pillars standing whole within the wall of this. When I come to St. James's, I find the Duke of York (age 34) gone with the King (age 38) to see the muster of the Guards in Hyde Park; and their Colonel, the Duke of Monmouth (age 19), to take his command this day of the King's Life-Guard, by surrender of my Lord Gerard (age 50). So I took a Hackney-coach and saw it all: and indeed it was mighty noble, and their firing mighty fine, and the Duke of Monmouth (age 19) in mighty rich clothes; but the well-ordering of the men I understand not. Here, among a thousand coaches that were there, I saw and spoke to Mrs. Pierce: and by and by Mr. Wren (age 39) hunts me out, and gives me my Lord Anglesey's (age 54) answer to the Duke of York's (age 34) letter, where, I perceive, he do do what he can to hurt me, by bidding the Duke of York (age 34) call for my books: but this will do me all the right in the world, and yet I am troubled at it. So away out of the Park, and home; and there Mr. Gibson and I to dinner: and all the afternoon with him, writing over anew, and a little altering, my answer to the Duke of York (age 34), which I have not yet delivered, and so have the opportunity of doing it after seeing all their answers, though this do give me occasion to alter very little. This done, he to write it over, and I to the Office, where late, and then home; and he had finished it; and then he to read to me the life of Archbishop Laud, wrote by Dr. Heylin; which is a shrewd book, but that which I believe will do the Bishops in general no great good, but hurt, it pleads for so much Popish. So after supper to bed. This day my father's letters tell me of the death of poor Fancy, in the country, big with puppies, which troubles me, as being one of my oldest acquaintances and servants. Also good Stankes is dead.

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Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. The next morning setting out early, we ariv'd soon enough at Winchester [Map] to waite on the King (age 51), who was lodg'd at the Dean's (Dr. Meggot). I found very few with him besides my Lords Feversham (age 44), Arran [Note. Not clear which Earl of Arran], Newport (age 65), and the Bishop of Bath and Wells (age 48). His Ma* (age 51) was discoursing with the Bishops concerning miracles, and what strange things the Saludadors would do in Spaine, as by creeping into heated ovens without hurt, and that they had a black crosse in the roofe of their mouthes, but yet were commonly notorious and profane wretches; upon which his Majesty (age 51) further said, that he was so extreamly difficult of miracles, for feare of being impos'd upon, that if he should chance to see one himselfe, without some other witness, he should apprehend it a delusion of his senses. Then they spake of ye boy who was pretended to have a wanting leg restor'd him, so confidently asserted by Fr. de Sta Clara and others. To all which the Bishop added a greate miracle happening In Winchester to his certaine knowledge, of a poor miserably sick and decrepit child (as I remember long kept unbaptiz'd), who immediately on his baptism recover'd; as also of yc salutary effect of K. Charles his Ma*s father's blood, in healing one that was blind.

Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. There was something said of the second sight happening to some persons, especialy Scotch; upon which his Ma*, and I think Lord Arran, told us that Mons a French nobleman, lately here in England, seeing the late Duke of Monmouth come into yc play-house at London, suddenly cried out to somebody sitting in the same box, Voila Monsieur comme il entre sans tete. Afterwards his Ma* (age 51) spoke of some reliques that had effected strange cures, particularly a piece of our Bl. Saviour's Crosse, that heal'd a gentleman's rotten nose by onely touching; and speaking of the golden crosse and chaine taken out of the coffin of St. Edward the Confessor at Westmr*, by one of the singing men, who, as the scaffolds were taking down after his Ma*s coronation, espying a hole in the tomb, and something glisten, put his hand in, and brought it to the Deane, and he to the King; his Maty began to put the Bishop in mind how earnestly the late King (his brother) call'd upon him, during his agonie, to take out what he had in his pocket. I had thought, said the King, it had ben for some keys, which might lead to some cabinet that his Ma* would have me secure; but, says he, you well remember that I found nothing in any of his pockets but a crosse of gold, and a few insignificant papers; and thereupon he shew'd us the crosse, and was pleas'd to put it into my hand. It was of gold, about three inches long, having on one side a crucifix enamell'd and emboss'd, the rest was grav'd and garnish'd with goldsmiths' work, and two pretty broad table amethists (as I conceiv'd), and at the bottom a pendant pearle; within was inchas'd a little fragment, as was thought, of the true Crosse, and a Latine inscription in gold and Roman letters. More company coming in, this discourse ended. I may not forget a resolution which his Ma* made, and had a little before enter'd upon it at ye Council Board at Windsor or Whitehall, that the Negroes in the Plantations should all be baptiz'd, exceedingly declaiming against that impiety of their masters prohibiting it, out of a mistaken opinion that they would be ipso facto free; but his Ma* persists in his resolution to have them christen'd, wch piety ye Bishop blessed him for.

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Roger Whitley's Diary. 16 Sep 1690. Tuesday, Basnet having agreed with Huson went back betimes & Cadwallader retorned to Frodesly.

On 16 Sep 1700 Thomas Morgan (age 36) died of smallpox. John Morgan of Tredegar (age 29) inherited Tredegar House, Monmouthshire and estates worth £7000.

Evelyn's Diary. 02 Sep 1701. The death of King James (age 67), happening on the 15th of this month, N. S., after two or three days' indisposition, put an end to that unhappy Prince's troubles, after a short and unprosperous reign, indiscreetly attempting to bring in Popery, and make himself absolute, in imitation of the French, hurried on by the impatience of the Jesuits; which the nation would not endure.

On 16 Sep 1701 King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 67) died at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He was buried in the Church of the English Benedictines.

After 16 Sep 1743. Monument to George Savile 7th Baronet (deceased) by William Barlow at Church of St Michael and All Angels, Thornhill [Map].

On 16 Sep 1746 Thomas Davers (age 57) died of yellow fever in Jamaica.

On 16 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey (deceased) was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map]. Sacred to the Memory of ANNE The Lady of Sir BOURCHIER WREY (age 34) Baronet, and Daughter of Sir ROBERT PALK (age 73) Baronet, of Haldon House in this County who died the 5th day of September 1791, Aged 27 Years, leaving three infant children. Her Heart was pure and her manners unaffected. Her constant study was to know her Duty, and her greatest pleasure to discharge it, An affectionate Wife, a tender Parent, gentle, friendly, and benevolent. Taken from the World in the Prime of Years by a severe and lingering illness. She submitted to the will of Heaven with patient Resignation. Learn from her example that Virtue Is the loveliest ornament of Beauty!

Sculpted by W Youngs, Barum.

Anne Palk Lady Wrey: Around 1764 she was born to Robert Palk 1st Baronet and Anne van Sittart Lady Palk at Madras aka Chennai, India. On 14 Mar 1786 Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet and she were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. On 05 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey died.

On 16 Sep 1824 Louis XVIII King France (age 68) died. His brother King Charles X of France (age 66) de jure XVIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 14 Sep 1914 or 16 Sep 1914 Captain John Banks Jenkinson (age 33) was killed in action. The 3rd Infantry Brigade was in position to the north-west of the village of Vendresse during what would become known as the Battle of the Aisne and he was out in front of the leading battalions carrying out a reconnaissance when he was killed as they advanced from the Marne to the slopes above the Aisne. He was buried at Vendresse Plot I. C. 17.

On 16 Sep 1916 Guy Baring (age 43) was killed in action during the Battle of the Somme. Seventeen officers and six-hundred and ninety other ranks went into battle, but only three officers survived (one injured) and two-hundred and twenty-one other ranks. Baring was buried in Citadel New Military Cemetery

On 16 Sep 1943 Henry Wellesley 6th Duke Wellington (age 31) was killed during an attempt to take Pimple Hill. He was buried where he lay. He was unmarried and without issue. His uncle Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 58) succeeded 7th Duke Wellington, 11th Earl Mornington, 11th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 7th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 54) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

Time Team Series 1 Episode 4: The Fortress in the Lake was filmed between 16 Sep 1993 and 18 Sep 1993. It was originally shown on 06 Feb 1994.

Locations: Llangorse Lake, Breconshire [Map], St Paulinus' Church, Llangorse [Map].

Category: Time Team Early Medieval.

Time Team:

Tony Robinson (age 47), Presenter

Mick Aston (age 47), Bristol University Landscape Archaeologist

Carenza Lewis (age 30), Royal Commission on Historic Monuments

Phil Harding (age 44), Wessex Archaeological Trust Field Archaeologist

Robin Bush (age 50), Archivist.

Victor Ambrus (age 58), Historical Illustrator

John Gator, Chris Gaffney, Geophysics

Damian Goodburn, Ancient Woodworking Specialist

Mark Redknap, National Museum of Wales

Techniques: Magnetometry

Sources: Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 916, Book of Llandaff Chapter 4 Section 7: Llan Cors, Book of Llandaff Chapter 8

Historical Figures: King Elised of Brecknock, Æthelflæd Lady of the Mercians.

Outcomes: Reconstructed Iron Age boat made from 3.5 tonnes of oak; a copy of an original discovered in Llangorse Lake in Brecon Museum. Metal working on site, shale ring. Boundary Ditch.

Channel 4 Episode

Births on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1295 Elizabeth Clare Lady Verdun was born to Gilbert "Red Earl" Clare 7th Earl Gloucester 6th Earl Hertford (age 52) and Joan of Acre Countess Gloucester and Hertford (age 23). She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 16 Sep 1415 Elizabeth Beauchamp 3rd Baroness Bergavenny was born to Richard Beauchamp 1st Earl of Worcester (age 19) and Isabel Despencer Countess Warwick and Worcester (age 15) at Hanley Castle, Worcestershire. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 16 Sep 1541 Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex was born to Richard Devereux (age 28) and Dorothy Hastings (age 25). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.78%.

On or before 16 Sep 1588 Francis Drake 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Drake of Buckland Abbey in Devon and Elizabeth Gregory.

On 16 Sep 1615 Henry Skipwith 2nd Baronet was born to Henry Skipwith 1st Baronet (age 26) and Ann Kemp Lady Skipwith (age 24).

On 16 Sep 1622 Richard Sackville 5th Earl Dorset was born to Edward Sackville 4th Earl Dorset (age 31) and Mary Curzon Countess Dorset (age 32) at Dorset House.

On or before 16 Sep 1630 Mary Capell Duchess Beaufort was born to Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell Hadham (age 22) and Elizabeth Morrison Baroness Capell Hadham (age 19) at Little Hadham, Hertfordshire [Map].

On 16 Sep 1678 Henry St John 1st Viscount Bolingbroke was born to Henry St John 1st Viscount St John (age 25) and Mary Rich (age 40).

On 16 Sep 1700 Frances Norcliffe Lady Wray was born to Fairfax Norcliffe of Langton in Yorkshire and Mary Hesketh.

On 16 Sep 1740 John Eden 4th Baronet was born to Robert Eden 3rd Baronet (age 22).

On 16 Sep 1762 Edmund Mark Winn 7th Baronet was born to Thomas Winn (age 48).

On 16 Sep 1774 Frederick Fitzroy was born to Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton (age 38) and Elizabeth Wrottesley Duchess Grafton (age 28). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 16 Sep 1785 Charles Vere Ferrars Townshend was born to George Townshend 2nd Marquess Townshend (age 32) and Charlotte Mainwaring Ellerker Countess of Leicester (age 14).

On 16 Sep 1786 Elizabeth Sophia Ashburnham was born to George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham (age 25) and Sophia Thynne (age 22).

On 16 Sep 1800 Richard Henry Liulphus Savile was born to John Lumley-Savile 7th Earl Scarborough (age 39) and Anna Maria Herring Viscountess Lumley.

On 16 Sep 1810 Sidney Herbert 1st Baron Herbert Lea was born to George Augustus Herbert 11th Earl Pembroke 8th Earl Montgomery (age 51) and Yekaterina Semyonovna Vorontsova Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 25).

On 16 Sep 1821 Alexander Russell was born to John Russell 6th Duke Bedford (age 55) and Georgiana Gordon Duchess Bedford (age 40). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 16 Sep 1826 William Neville 1st Marquess Abergavenny was born to William Neville 4th Earl Abergavenny (age 34) and Caroline Leeke Countess Abergavenny.

On 16 Sep 1853 May Prinsep Baroness Tennyson was born to Charles Robert Prinsep (age 64).

On 16 Sep 1884 Francis D'Arcy Godolphin Osborne 12th Duke of Leeds was born to Sidney Francis Godolphin Osborne (age 49) and Margaret Dulcibella Hammersley (age 23).

On 16 Sep 1887 Margueurite de Fontaine Drever Joicey was born to James Joicey 1st Baron Joicey (age 41) and Marguerite Smyles Drever Baroness Joicey (age 34).

On 16 Sep 1907 Ann Prunella Beckett was born to William Gervase Beckett 1st Baronet (age 41) and Mabel Theresa Duncombe (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.32%.

On 16 Sep 1915 Christopher Beckett 4th Baron Grimthorpe was born to Ralph Beckett 3rd Baron Grimthorpe (age 24) and Mary Alice Archdale Baroness Beckett.

On 16 Sep 1941 Elizabeth Anne Ramsay Countess Scarborough was born to Simon Ramsay 16th Earl of Dalhousie (age 26).

Marriages on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1609 Gilbert Gerard 2nd Baron Gerard and Eleanor Dutton (age 12) were married.

Before 16 Sep 1615 Henry Skipwith 1st Baronet (age 26) and Ann Kemp Lady Skipwith (age 24) were married.

After 16 Sep 1630 John Culpepper 1st Baron Culpeper (age 30) and Judith Culpeper (age 24) were married. They were second cousins.

After 16 Sep 1651 Chichester Wrey 3rd Baronet (age 23) and Anne Bourchier Countess Middlesex (age 20) were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. She the daughter of Edward Bourchier 4th Earl Bath and Dorothy St John Countess Bath. They were fourth cousins.

On 16 Sep 1673 Thomas Wharton 1st Marquess Wharton (age 25) and Anne or Nan Lee (age 14) were married.

On 16 Sep 1797 David William Murray 3rd Earl of Mansfield (age 20) and Frederica Markham Countess Mansfield (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess Mansfield in Middlesex. He the son of David Murray 2nd Earl Mansfield and Louisa Cathcart 2nd Countess Mansfield (age 39).

On 16 Sep 1799 William O'Brien 2nd Marquess Thomond (age 34) and Rebecca Trotter Marchioness Thomond (age 24) were married.

On 16 Sep 1885 Charles John Darling 1st Baron Darling (age 35) and Mary Caroline Greathed Baroness Darling (age 21) were married.

Deaths on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1275 Roger de Montalt 1st Baron Montalt (age 37) died at Mold Castle, Flintshire [Map]. Baron Montalt extinct. His brother inherited Castle Rising Castle [Map].

On 16 Sep 1343 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 37) died. His son Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 10) succeeded II King Navarre.

On 16 Sep 1345 John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 50) died at Hennebont. His son John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 6) succeeded V Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. Mary Plantagenet Duchess Brittany by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 16 Sep 1380 King Charles V of France (age 42) died. His son Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 11) succeeded VI King France: Capet Valois.

On or before 16 Sep 1547, the date she was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map], Eleanor Manners Countess Bath (age 44) died.

On 16 Sep 1607 Princess Mary Stewart (age 2) died of pneumonia at the Stanwell Park Stanwell, Surrey home of Thomas Knyvet 1st Baron Knyvet (age 62) in whose care she had been placed. As soon as Mary died, the Earl of Worcester (age 57), the Earl of Leicester (age 43) and the Earl of Totnes (age 52) went to Hampton Court Palace [Map], to inform the Queen (age 32) of her daughter's death. Seeing the three men before her, Queen Anne realized what had happened and spared the men the task of telling her.

On or before 16 Sep 1635 William Skeffington 1st Baronet died. He was buried at St Michael on Greenhill Church, Lichfield on 16 Sep 1635. His son John Skeffington 2nd Baronet (age 45) succeeded 2nd Baronet Skeffington of Fisherwick in Staffordshire.

On 16 Sep 1652 Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester died.

On 16 Sep 1701 King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 67) died at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He was buried in the Church of the English Benedictines.

On 16 Sep 1720 Dudley Cullum 3rd Baronet (age 62) died. His first cousin Jasper Cullum 4th Baronet (age 46) succeeded 4th Baronet Cullum of Hastede in Suffolk.

On 16 Sep 1743 George Savile 7th Baronet (age 65) died. His son George Savile 8th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 8th Baronet Savile of Thornhill.

On 16 Sep 1775 Allen Bathurst 1st Earl Bathurst (age 90) died. His son Henry Bathurst 2nd Earl Bathurst (age 61) succeeded 2nd Earl Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex, 2nd Baron Bathurst. Tryphena Scawen Countess Bathurst Sussex (age 44) by marriage Countess Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex.

On 16 Sep 1824 Louis XVIII King France (age 68) died. His brother King Charles X of France (age 66) de jure XVIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 16 Sep 1860 María Francisca "Paca" Palafox Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick Duchess Alba (age 35) died at Paris [Map].

On 16 Sep 1875 Lucy Graham Countess Powis (age 81) died.

On 16 Sep 1895 Miles Stapleton 10th Baron Beaumont (age 45) died without male issue. Baron Beaumont abeyant between his two infant daughters Mona Stapleton 11th Baroness Beaumont and Baroness Howard (age 1) and Ivy Mary Stapleton, the latter being born three weeks after his death.

On 16 Sep 1918 John Alexander Miller 3rd Baronet (age 50) died. Baronet Miller of Manderston in Berwickshire extinct.

On 16 Sep 1943 Henry Wellesley 6th Duke Wellington (age 31) was killed during an attempt to take Pimple Hill. He was buried where he lay. He was unmarried and without issue. His uncle Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 58) succeeded 7th Duke Wellington, 11th Earl Mornington, 11th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 7th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 54) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

On 16 Sep 2003 John Leigh 5th Baron Leigh (age 68) died. His son Christopher Leigh 6th Baron Leigh (age 42) succeeded 6th Baron Leigh of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire.