On this Day in History ... 1st March

01 Mar is in March.

1554 Wyatt's Rebellion Executions

1666 Great Plague of London

1694 Turkish Fleet Disaster

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 1st March

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 1st of March [1358], the Earl of Ulster, Lionel (age 19), afterwards Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III., takes supper with the Queen (age 63). It will be remembered that Lionel's daughter, Philippa (age 2), subsequently brought a claim to the English crown into the family of the Mortimers, by her marriage with Edmund Earl of March (age 6).

Calendars. 01 Mar 1382. Coinmission to Robert Tresilian, Robert Bealknap, William Skipwyth, Nicholas Brembre, William Gunthorp, Adapı de Bury and William Spaigné to examine the record and process and correct any error therein, or in the judgment rendered, in the suit before the mayor of Cales between William de Montagu (age 53), Earl of Salisbury, proctor and attorney of John Buterleigh and Alesia his wife, executrix of the will of William Teynturer the younger, late citizen of Salisbury, William Warmwell and William Loerde, her co-executors, and one William Gilbert called Salesbury,' touching a debt of 3291. which the earl demanded from the said Gilbert, and to do justice therein according to the law and custom obtaining in Cales.

On 01 Mar 1456 Vladislaus II King Hungary was born to Casimir IV King Poland (age 28) and Elisabeth Habsburg Queen Consort Poland (age 18).

On 01 Mar 1528 Henry VIII (age 36) sold the wardship of Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 8) to Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 44) who subsequently married her.

Letters and Papers 1533. 01 Mar 1533. R. O. 197. Trial Of The Pix.

Assay of silver made in the Star Chamber at Westminster, 1 March 24 Hen. VIII., in presence of Sir Thomas Audeley, chancellor, Thos. duke of Norfolk (age 60), treasurer of England, Thos. earl of Wiltshire (age 56), keeper of the Privy Seal, John lord Huse, Sir John Fitzjames, chief justice of the King's Bench, Sir Ric. Lyster, chief baron of the Exchequer, Sir Ant. Fitzherbert, justice of the Common Pleas, Sir Ric. Weston, sub-treasurer of the Exchequer, Sir Ric. Sacheverell, and Sir John Daunce. On opening the pix there were found 30 "sinchiæ," containing £28 5s. 7d. in silver groats, half-groats, pence, halfpence, and farthings, taken out of 40,405 lbs. 1 oz. of silver weight coined and delivered out of the Exchange in the Tower of London since 20 May 22 Hen. VIII., in the time of John Copynger, keeper of the Exchange aforesaid, and William Blount lord Mountjoy, master of the Mint. Lat., p. 1.

Holinshed's Chronicle 1545. 01 Mar 1545. In the beginning of March sir Rafe Euers lord warden of the marches after manie fortunate rodes and forraies made into Scotland, assembled now about foure thousand men, & entering with the same into Scotland, was incountered at Halidon rig by the earle of Arraine and other Scotishmen, which so beset the Englishmen with thrée battels on ech side, that in the end they slue the said lord warden, with the lord Ogle, and a great number of other gentlemen and commons, beside prisoners, which they tooke, so that few escaped the Scotishmens hands. Among other prisoners taken, Richard Read an alderman of London aforesaid was one. The death of sir Rafe Euers was greatlie bemoned: for he had shewed great proofe of his valiant prowesse at sundrie times before; namelie in this yeare past, as at the taking and burning of the towne of I [...]dworth, which enterprise was atchiued the tenth of Iune, beside diuerse other exploits fortunatelie brought to passe by his high valiancie and manhood, till his hap was at this present to finish his daies: whose life though then it tooke end, yet shall not his fame & good report (purchased by martiall courage, policie, and dangerous aduentures) perish or decaie; as the poet trulie saith:

Parta labore volat vas [...]um bona fama per orbem,

Haec veluti Phoebus non m [...]ritura manet.

On 01 Mar 1554 Anthony Knyvet (age 37) was executed.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 01 Mar 1554. 01 Mar 1554. The first daye of Marche, the parsons and curates of the Cittie Wedded priests pat of London that were wedded were cited to appeare in the Consistorie in Paules afore the Bishop of Londons Commissioners, and there deprived from their benefices. And those that were and had bene religiouse men were deprived both from their wives and benefices allso.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1558. The (blank) day of Marche the qwyn('s) (age 42) grace['s pensioners] mustered in Hyd-parke [Map], and all ther men in gren [cloth and] whytt; and ther my lord of Rutland (age 31) toke the [muster of] them.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1560. The furst day of Marche was a proclamasyon by the quen('s) (age 26) grace and the consell that no man nor woman, nor they that kepys tabulles, shuld ett no flese in lentt nor odur tyme in the yere that ys commondyd by the chyrche, nor no bucher kyll no flese, but that they should pay a grett fyne, or elles vj ours [2 hours] on the pelere, and in-presoment x [10] days.... and after taken downe and cared .... knyght marshall('s) servandes unto the nuw pet .... Cornhylle and ther a serten tyme.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1562. The sam day dyd pryche at Powlles the byshope of Bayth and Welles, master Bartelett (age 61).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1562. The furst day of Marche, the wyche was the iij sonday (in Lent,) dyd pryche at after-none at the cowrte a-for the quen (age 28) master Allen (age 52) the byshope of Exsetur.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1616. 01 Mar 1616. Upon the 1st we went from the Parsons House near the Dangerous Moors being eight miles and afterwards the ways so dangerous the horses were fain to be taken out of the coach to be lifted down the hills. This day Rivers’ horse fell from a bridge into the river. We came to Manchester about ten at night.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 01 Mar 1617. Upon the 1st after Supper my Mother Dorset1 came hither to see me and the Child.

Note 1. 2nd wife of Robert Earl of Dorset and stepmother to Richard.

Hudibras Part 1 Canto 1. When civil fury first grew high1,

And men fell out, they knew not why;2

When hard words, jealousies, and fears

Set folks together by the ears3,.

And made them fight, like mad or drunk, (5)

For dame Religion as for Punk4;

Whose honesty they all durst swear for,

Tho' not a man of them knew wherefore:

When Gospel-Trumpeter, surrounded

With long-ear'd rout, to battle sounded5, (10)

And pulpit, drum ecclesiastick,

Was beat with fist, instead of a stick5;

Then did Sir Knight abandon dwelling,

And out he rode a Colonelling6.

Note 1. When civil fury first grew high. In the first edition of the first part of this poem, printed separately, we read dudgeon. Bat on the publication of the second part, when the first was re-printed with several additions and alterations, the word dndgeon was changed to fury; as appears in a copy corrected by the author's own hand. The publisher in 1704 and the subsequent ones, have taken the liberty of correcting the author's copy, restored the word dudgeon, and many other readings: changing them, I think I may say, for the worse, in several passages. Indeed, while the Editor of 1704 replaces this word, and contends for it, he seems to shew its impropriety. "To take in dudgeon," says he, "is inwardly to resent, a sort of grumbling in the gizzard, and what was previous to actual fury." Yet in the next lines we have men falling out, set together by the ears, and fighting. I doubt not but the inconsistency of these expressions occurred to the author, and induced him to change the word, that his sense might be clear, and the sera of his poem certain and uniform. - Dudgeon, in its primitive sense, signifies a dagger; and figuratively, such hatred and sullenness as occasion men to employ short concealed weapons. Some readers may be fond of the word dudgeon, as a burlesque terih, and suitable, as they think, to the nature of the poem: but the judicious critic will observe, that the poet is not always in a drolling humour, and might not think fit to fall into it in the first line: he chooses his words not by the oddness or uncouthness of the sound, but by the propriety of their signification. Besides, the word dudgeon, in the figfurative sense, though not in its primitive one is generally taken for a monoptote in the ablative case, to take in dudgeon which might be another reason why the poet changed it into fury. See line 379.

Note 2. "And men fell out, they knew not why". Dr. Perrincheif 's Life of Charles I. says, "There will never be wanting, in any country, some" discontented spirits, and some designing craftsmen; but when "these confusions began, the more part knew not wherefore they were come together."

Note 3. "When hard words, jealousies, and fears. Set folks together by the ears, Hard words. - Probably the jargon and cant-words used by the Presbyterians, and other sectaries. They called themselves the elect, the saints, tlie predestinated: and their opponents they called Papists, Prelatists, ill-designing, reprobate, profligate, &c. &c.

In the body politic, when the spiritual and windy power moveth the members of a commonwealth, and by strange and hard words suffocates their understanding, it must needs thereby distract the people, and either overwhelm the commonwealth with oppression, "or cast it into the fire of a civil war." Hobbes.

Jealousies. Bishop Burnet, in the house of lords, on the first article of the impeachment of Sacheverel, says, "The true occasion of the war was a jesJousy, that a conduct of fifteen years had given too much ground for; and that was still kept up by a fatal train of errors in every step." See also the king's speech Dec. 2, 1641.

And fears, - Of superstition and Popery in the church, and of arbitrary power and tyranny in the state: and so prepossessed were many persons with these fears, that, like the hero of this poem, they would imagine a bear-baiting to be a deep design against the religion and liberty of the country. Lord Clarendon tells us, that the English were the happiest people under the sun, while the king was undisturbed in the administration of justice; but a top much felicity had made them unmanageable by moderate government; a long peace having softened almost all the noblesse into court pleasures, and made the commoners insolent by great plenty.

King Charles, in the fourth year of his reign, tells the lords, "We have been willing so far to descend to the desires of our good subjects, as fully to satisfie all moderate minds, and free them from all just fears and jealousies." The words jealousies and fears, were bandied between the king and parliament in all their papers, before the absolute breaking put of the war. They, were used by the parliament to the king, in their petition for the militia March 1, 1641-2; and by the king in his answer, "You speak of jealousies and fears, lay your hands to your hearts and ask yourselves, whether I may not be disturbed with jealousies and fears." And the parliament, in their declaration to the king at Newmarket, March 9, say, "Those fears and jealousies of ours which your majesty" thinks to be causeless, and without just ground, do necessarily and clearly arise from those dangers and distempers into which your evil councils have brought us: but those other fears and jealousies of yours, have no foundation or subsistance in any "action, intention, or miscarriage of ours, but are merely grounded on falsehood and malice."

The terms had been used before by the Earl of Carlisle to James I. 14 Feb. 1623. "Nothing will more dishearten the envious maligners of your majesty's felicity, and encourage your true hearted friends and servants, than the removing those false fears and jealousies, which are mere imaginary phantasms, and bodies of air easily dissipated, whensoever it shall please the sun of your majesty to shew itself clearly in its native brightness, lustre, and goodness."

Note 4. Far dame Religion as for Punk; From the Anglo-Saxon pung, it signifies a bawd. Anus instar corii ad ignem siccati. (Skinner.) Sometimes scortum, scortillum. Sir John Suckling says.

Religion now is a young mistress here.

For which each man will fight and die at least:

Let it alone awhile, and 'twill become

A kind of married wife; people will be

Content to live with it in quietness.

Note 5. When Gospel-Trumpeter, surrounded

With long-ear'd rout, to battle sounded; Mr. Butler told Thomas Veal esquire, of Simons-hall, Gloucestershire, that the Puritans had a custom of putting their hands behind their ears at sermons, and bending them forward, under pretence of hearing the better. He had seen five hundred or a thousand large ears pricked up as soon as the text was named. Besides, they wore their hair very short, which shewed their ears the more. See Godwin's notes in Bodley library. Dr. Bulwer in his Anthropometamorphosis, or Artificial Changeling, tells us wonderful stories of the size of men's ears in some countries. - Pliny lib. 7. c. 2. speaks of a people on the borders of India, who covered themselves with their ears. And Purchas, in his Pilgrim, saith, that in the island Arucetto, there are men and women having ears of such bigness, that they lie upon one as a bed, and cover themselves with the other.

I here mention the idle tales of these authors, because their works, together vnth Brown's Vulgar Errors, are the frequent object of our poet's satire.

Note 5. And pulpit, drum ecclesiastick, Was beat with fist, instead of a stick; It is sufficiently known from the history of those times, that the seeds of rebellion were first sown, and afterwards cultivated, by the factious preachers in conventicles, and the seditious and schismatical lecturers, who had crept into many churches, especially about London. "These men," says Lord Clarendon, "had, from the beginning of the parliament, infused seditious inclinations into the hearts of all men, against the government in church and state: but after the raising an army, and rejecting the king's overtures for peace, they contained themselves within no bounds, but filled all the pulpits with alarms of ruin and destruction, if a peace were ofiered or accepted." These preachers used violent action, and made the pulpit an instrument of sedition, as the drum was of war. Dr. South, in one of his sermons, says, "The pulpit supplied the field with sword-men, and the parliament-house with incendiaries."

Note 6. And out he rode a Colonelling. Some have imagined from hence, that by Hudibras, was intended Sir Samuel Luke of Bedfordshire (age 38). Sir Samuel (age 38) was an active justice of the peace, chairman of the quarter sessions, colonel of a regiment of foot in the parliament army and a committee-man of that county: but the poet's satire is general, not personal.

Continues.

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Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1660. In the morning went to my Lord's lodgings, thinking to have spoke with Mr. Sheply, having not been to visit him since my coming to town. But he being not within I went up, and out of the box where my Lord's pamphlets lay, I chose as many as I had a mind to have for my own use and left the rest. Then to my office, where little to do, abut Mr. Sheply comes to me, so at dinner time he and I went to Mr. Crew's (age 62), whither Mr. Thomas was newly come to town, being sent with Sir H. Yelverton (age 26), a my old school-fellow at Paul's School, to bring the thanks of the county to General Monk (age 51) for the return of the Parliament. But old Mr. Crew (age 62) and my Lord not coming home to dinner, we tarried late before we went to dinner, it being the day that John, Mr. John Crew's coachman, was to be buried in the afternoon, he being a day or two before killed with a blow of one of his horses that struck his skull into his brain. From thence Mr. Sheply and I went into London to Mr. Laxton's; my Lord's apothecary, and so by water to Westminster, where at the Sun he and I spent two or three hours in a pint or two of wine, discoursing of matters in the country, among other things telling me that my uncle did to him make a very kind mention of me, and what he would do for me. Thence I went home, and went to bed betimes. This day the Parliament did vote that they would not sit longer than the 15th day of this month.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1663. Lord's Day. Up and walked to White Hall, to the Chappell, where preached one Dr. Lewes, said heretofore to have been a great witt; but he read his sermon every word, and that so brokenly and so low, that nobody could hear at any distance, nor I anything worth hearing that sat near. But, which was strange, he forgot to make any prayer before sermon, which all wonder at, but they impute it to his forgetfulness. After sermon a very fine anthem; so I up into the house among the courtiers, seeing the fine ladies, and, above all, my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 22), who is above all, that only she I can observe for true beauty. The King (age 32) and Queen (age 24) being set to dinner I went to Mr. Fox's (age 35), and there dined with him. Much genteel company, and, among other things, I hear for certain that peace is concluded between the King (age 32) of France and the Pope; and also I heard the reasons given by our Parliament yesterday to the King (age 32) why they dissent from him in matter of Indulgence, which are very good quite through, and which I was glad to hear.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1663. Thence to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who continues with a great cold, locked up; and, being alone, we fell into discourse of my uncle the Captain's death and estate, and I took the opportunity of telling my Lord how matters stand, and read his will, and told him all, what a poor estate he hath left, at all which he wonders strangely, which he may well do.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1665. At noon I to dinner at Trinity House, Deptford [Map], and thence to Gresham College, where Mr. Hooke read a second very curious lecture about the late Comett; among other things proving very probably that this is the very same Comett that appeared before in the year 1618, and that in such a time probably it will appear again, which is a very new opinion; but all will be in print. Then to the meeting, where Sir G. Carteret's (age 55) two sons, his owne, and Sir N. Slaning, were admitted of the society: and this day I did pay my admission money, 40s. to the society. Here was very fine discourses and experiments, but I do lacke philosophy enough to understand them, and so cannot remember them. Among others, a very particular account of the making of the several sorts of bread in France, which is accounted the best place for bread in the world.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1666. But blessed be God! a good Bill this week we have; being but 237 in all, and 42 of the plague, and of them but six in the City: though my Lord Bruneker (age 46) says, that these six are most of them in new parishes where they were not the last week. Here was with us also Mr. Williamson (age 32), who the more I know, the more I honour.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1666. Up, and to the office and there all the morning sitting and at noon to dinner with my Lord Bruncker (age 46), Sir W. Batten (age 65) and Sir W. Pen (age 44) at the White Horse in Lombard Street [Map], where, God forgive us! good sport with Captain Cocke's (age 49) having his mayde sicke of the plague a day or two ago and sent to the pest house, where she now is, but he will not say anything but that she is well.

On 01 Mar 1666 Talbot Pepys (age 83) died of plague.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1667. By and by sent for to Sir G. Carteret (age 57) to discourse of the business of the Navy, and our wants, and the best way of bestowing the little money we have, which is about £30,000, but, God knows, we have need of ten times as much, which do make my life uncomfortable, I confess, on the King's behalf, though it is well enough as to my own particular, but the King's service is undone by it. Having done with him, back again to the office, and in the streets, in Mark Lane [Map], I do observe, it being St. David's day, the picture of a man dressed like a Welchman, hanging by the neck upon one of the poles that stand out at the top of one of the merchants' houses, in full proportion, and very handsomely done; which is one of the oddest sights I have seen a good while, for it was so like a man that one would have thought it was indeed a man1. Being returned home, I find Greeting, the flageolet-master, come, and teaching my wife; and I do think my wife will take pleasure in it, and it will be easy for her, and pleasant. So I, as I am well content with the charge it will occasion me.

Note 1. From "Poor Robin's Almanack" for 1757 it appears that, in former times in England, a Welshman was burnt in effigy on this anniversary. Mr. W. C. Hazlitt, in his edition of Brand's "Popular Antiquities", adds "The practice to which Pepys refers... was very common at one time; and till very lately bakers made gingerbread Welshmen, called taffies, on St. David's day, which were made to represent a man skewered" (vol. i., pp. 60,61).

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1668. Thence to visit Sir H. Cholmly (age 35), who continues still sick of his cold, and thence calling, but in vain, to speak with Sir G. Carteret (age 58) at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, where I spoke with nobody, but home, where spent the evening talking with W. Hewer (age 26) about business of the House, and declaring my expectation of all our being turned out. Hither comes Carcasse to me about business, and there did confess to me of his own accord his having heretofore discovered as a complaint against Sir W. Batten, Sir W. Pen (age 46) and me that we did prefer the paying of some men to man "The Flying Greyhound" to others, by order under our hands. The thing upon recollection I believe is true, and do hope no great matter can be made of it, but yet I would be glad to have my name out of it, which I shall labour to do; in the mean time it weighs as a new trouble on my mind, and did trouble me all night. So without supper to bed, my eyes being also a little overwrought of late that I could not stay up to read.

Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1669. Dined at Lord Arlington's (age 51) at Goring House [Map], with the Bishop of Hereford (age 66).

Pepy's Diary. 01 Mar 1669. Up, and to White Hall to the Committee of Tangier, but it did not meet. But here I do hear first that my Lady Paulina Montagu (deceased) did die yesterday; at which I went to my Lord's lodgings, but he is shut up with sorrow, and so not to be spoken with: and therefore I returned, and to Westminster Hall [Map], where I have not been, I think, in some months. And here the Hall was very full, the King (age 38) having, by Commission to some Lords this day, prorogued the Parliament till the 19th of October next: at which I am glad, hoping to have time to go over to France this year. But I was most of all surprised this morning by my Lord Bellassis (age 54), who, by appointment, met me at Auditor Wood's, at the Temple [Map], and tells me of a duell designed between the Duke of Buckingham (age 41) and my Lord Halifax (age 35), or Sir W. Coventry (age 41); the challenge being carried by Harry Saville (age 27), but prevented by my Lord Arlington (age 51), and the King (age 38) told of it; and this was all the discourse at Court this day. But I, meeting Sir W. Coventry (age 41) in the Duke of York's (age 35) chamber, he would not own it to me, but told me that he was a man of too much peace to meddle with fighting, and so it rested: but the talk is full in the town of the business.

Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1671. His Majesty's (age 40) Surveyor, Mr. Wren (age 47), faithfully promised me to employ him. I having also bespoke his Majesty (age 40) for his work at Windsor Castle [Map], which my friend, Mr. May (age 49), the architect there, was going to alter, and repair universally; for, on the next day, I had a fair opportunity of talking to his Majesty (age 40) about it, in the lobby next the Queen's (age 32) side, where I presented him with some sheets of my history. I thence walked with him through St James' Park [Map] to the garden, where I both saw and heard a very familiar discourse between ... and Mrs. Nelly (age 21), as they called an impudent comedian, she looking out of her garden on a terrace at the top of the wall, and ... [Note. the elipsis here is John Evelyn being coy about the King's (age 40) conversation with Nell Gwyn.] standing on the green walk under it. I was heartily sorry at this scene. Thence the King (age 40) walked to the Duchess of Cleveland (age 30), another lady of pleasure, and curse of our nation.

Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1671. I caused Mr. Gibbon (age 22) to bring to Whitehall [Map] his excellent piece of carving, where being come, I advertised his Majesty (age 40), who asked me where it was; I told him in Sir Richard Browne's (age 66) (my father-in-law) chamber, and that if it pleased his Majesty (age 40) to appoint whither it should be brought, being large and though of wood, heavy, I would take care for it. "No", says the King (age 40), "show me the way, I'll go to Sir Richard's (age 66) chamber", which he immediately did, walking along the entries after me; as far as the ewry, till he came up into the room, where I also lay. No sooner was he entered and cast his eyes on the work, but he was astonished at the curiosity of it; and having considered it a long time, and discoursed with Mr. Gibbon (age 22), whom I brought to kiss his hand, he commanded it should be immediately carried to the Queen's (age 32) side to show her. It was carried up into her bedchamber, where she and the King (age 40) looked on and admired it again; the King (age 40), being called away, left us with the Queen (age 32), believing she would have bought it, it being a crucifix; but, when his Majesty (age 40) was gone, a French peddling woman, one Madame de Boord, who used to bring petticoats and fans, and baubles, out of France to the ladies, began to find fault with several things in the work, which she understood no more than an ass, or a monkey, so as in a kind of indignation, I caused the person who brought it to carry it back to the chamber, finding the Queen (age 32) so much governed by an ignorant Frenchwoman, and this incomparable artist had his labor only for his pains, which not a little displeased me; and he was fain to send it down to his cottage again; he not long after sold it for £80, though well worth £100, without the frame, to Sir George Viner (age 32).

Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1686. Came Sir Gilbert Gerrard to treate with me about his sonn's marrying my daughter Susanna (age 17). The father being obnoxious, and in some suspicion and displeasure of the King (age 52), I would receive no proposal till his Ma* (age 52) had given me leave, wch he was pleas'd to do; but after severall meetings we brake off on his not being willing to secure any thing competent for my daughter's children; besides that I found most of his estate was in ye coal pits as far off as Newcastle, and on leases from the Bishop of Durham, who had power to make concurrent leases, with other difficulties.

Roger Whitley's Diary. 01 Mar 1690. Satorday, Traverse & Hardwar came to Peele; swore the Assessors; Mainwaring & Lee went with me in coach to Chester; the rest on horseback; we lighted at Wrights; went to the Penthouse; dined at Jackson's with Crew, G.Mainwaring (age 47) Streete, Gleg, my sonne (age 39), Morgan went to visit the Governor in the Castle; severall others came in whilest we were with him; went to the Ship Taverne; there was Crew, 2 Mainwarings Lee, his sonne (age 39), Gleg, Deane, Farington; Hunt, Mercer, Streete, &c. I left them, went to the Sunne with Farington, Mercer, &c. there came to us Streete, 2 Mainwarings, Murray, my sonne (age 39), Richard Wright, &c. we parted before 10.

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. The Earl of Nottingham to the Attorney General. The Lord Commissioners of the Admiralty have presented the enclosed papers to the King, containing a complaint about pressing a man unduly, and he commands me to transmit them to you. They wish you a se the offenders. [H.O. Letter Book (Secretary's) 2, p. 625.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Passes for Mr. John Hein, and Mr. Ephraim Walther, to go to Harwich and Holland; and for Nicholas Crosse, recommended by the vicar and churchwardens of East Greenwich, ditto. [S.P. Dom. Warrant Book 36, p. 506.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to [Viscount Sydney] to issue letters patent to the Earl of Burlington and Cork, granting and confirming to him all the manors and lands called Cappagh-Coyne alias Cappoquin, Saltabared alias Saltubberett [Salterbridge] and Aghmeane alias Great Alfane in the co. Waterford, to be held of the castle of Dublinin freeand common soccage, Sir John Temple, attorney-general, having reported on the Harl's petition that the said lands were granted by Queen HKlizabeth to Sir Christopher Hatton, by letters patent of 10 July, 1574; that one Roger Dalton afterwards purchased the lands from Sir Christopher, and hada grant of the same from James I. by letters patent of 4 January in the tenth year of his reign; that Richard Dalton, alleged to have been son and heir of the said Roger, levied a fine thereof. in Trinity term 1616 to Sir Richard Boyle, afterwards Earl of Cork, who made a settlement thereof by fine in Haster term, 1618; that the lands were returned by the Civil Survey as belonging to the petitioner's father in 1641; and that Roger Power, the petitioner's agent, has made an affidavit that they have been in petitioner's possession for 25 years, excepting for one or two years during the late rebellion. [S.P. Dom. Signet Office Letter Book 12, p. 572.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to [the same] to grant to Richard, Earl of Ranelagh a discharge from the proviso contained in letters patent of 30 July, 94 Chas. I]. and 18 December, 27 Chas. II., requiring him to keep the castle of Athlone in good and sufficient repair, and also from the payment of the annual rent reserved of 100l., for the space of 21 years, in consideration that the said castle, and the greatest part of the interest granted him by the said letters patent in and near Athlone, is absolutely ruined and laid waste by the late wars, and to enable him in some degree to repair and rebuild the houses and tenements that have been so ruined and destroyed. [Ibid., p. 575.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to [the same] to grant to the same a lease for a further term of thirty-one years of several small tenements in and about the town of Navan, &e., of which a lease was formerly granted to Sir John Cole, kt., as trustee for the said Harl, by letters patent under the Great Seal of Ireland, dated 23 Aug. 22 Charles II. [Ibid., pte]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Warrant to [the same] to order payment to the same of 900l. out of the funds arising from forfeited lands, &c., in accordance with the Harl's petition, setting forth that a yearly pension of 800. was granted by letters patent of 80 May, 29 Charles II. to Adam Loftus (afterwards Viscount Lisburne), and Samuel Kingdon, esq., for their natural lives in trust for the said Earl; that the King's promise for the punctual payment thereof was one of the conditions upon which the Earl surrendered his patent of Vice-Treasurer of Ireland; that he received the said pension till 29 September, 1688, but from that time till the death of the said Viscount Lisburne at Limerick, a few days before 20 September, 1691, he received nothing, "being three years of arrears"; and also in consideration, "that our royal uncle intended the said pension to him during his own life." [S.P. Dom. Signet Office Letter Book 12, p. 578.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Commissions for Peter Croye, gent., to be ensign to Captain Thomas Ralegh's company in the Earl of Bath's regiment of foot [H.O. Military Entry Book 2, p. 388]; for John Stone, gentleman, to be lieutenant to Lieut.-Col. Thomas Whaley's company in the royal regiment of fusiliers commanded by Col. Edward Fitzpatrick; for Richard Hyde, esq., to be guidon and major of the second troop of Horse Guards, under the command of James, Duke of Ormond [Ibid. 2, p. 848]; for Edward Moreton, gentleman, to be lieut. to Captain Leech's troop in the regiment of horse commanded by John, Lord Berkeley [Ibid., p. 349]; and for Sir Thomas Levingstone to be major-general of all the forces [Ibid., p. 368].

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. Appointment of Wiliam Knapton, esq., as governor of Calshot Castle in Southampton. [Ibid., p. 850.]

Calendars. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. The Earl of Nottingham to the Commissioners of the Treasury. The Earl of Derby (age 38) has represented to the King the great want of all sorts of coin in the Isle of Man, whereby the trade thereof is wholly lost, to the great prejudice of his lordship as well as the inhabitants; and the Karl designing to set up a linen manufactory there, which may be very advantageous to England, and which cannot be carried on without "such a current cash as may be sufficient to pay the workmen for their labour," has prayed that he may have leave to coin "abase metal not exceeding the value of 10,000l.," for the support of the island and of the linen manufactory, which moneys so coined should be current only in the Isle of Man. The King is willing to gratify the Earl of Derby (age 38) and promote the welfare of that island, and has commanded me to acquaint you with this matter, that you may report your opinion thereon. [H.O. Letter Book (Secretary's) 2, p. 624.]

On 01 Mar 1694 the Turkish Fleet was lost in a severe storm off Gibralter. Sussex sank with the loss of five hundred men.

Cansisk's Monumental Inscriptions Volume 1 Old St Pancras Churchyard. Churchyard St Pancras Old Church [Map]. Dame Mary Slingsby, Widow, from S. James, buried March 1, 1693-4.1

Note 1. Her name was originally Aldridge. Lady Slingsby was a favourite actress at the Theatre Royal, and was for some years known as Mrs. Lee. She probably married Sir Henry Slingsby, Bart., M.P. for Knaresborough.

On 01 Mar 1705 Bishop James Gardiner (age 68) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 01 Mar 1741 Elizabeth Oates died. Memorial at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Elizabeth Oates: she was born to Richard Oates of Pontefract. Before 02 Jan 1726 William Yorke of Lessingham and she were married.

After 01 Mar 1746. Memorial to Samuel Rolle, Dorothy Rolle and Samuel Rolle at the Church of the Holy Trinity, Weare Giffard.

On 01 Mar 1752 Allan Ramsay (age 38) and Margaret Lindsay (age 26) at Canongate Kirk without the approval of her parents having eloped together. Her father never forgave her for marrying an artist.

On 01 Mar 1805 Reverend Augustus Fitzclarence was born illegitimately to King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 39) and Dorothea Bland aka "Mrs Jordan" (age 43).

Samuel Carrington 1851. On the 1st of March we resumed our labours for the season, having obtained permission to excavate two barrows near Broad Low Ash [Map], in a field to the right hand of the road leading from thence to Ashbourne, from which town they are about two miles distant. They are not more than ten yards asunder, and their diameters are respectively seventeen and twenty-two yards. We selected the least for examination first, and found it to consbt of stiff earth, with many large stones in the centre. On sinking down at this point, we found human bones that had been displaced to make room for a later interment; beneath was a grave cut one foot deep in the uatural soil, which was about a yard from the summit of the mound. The first undisturbed interment lay on the natural level, close to the north-east side of the grave. It was a skeleton reposing on its right side, with the head to the north, having with it a small spear-head of flint, and near the skuU a deposit of calcined human bones, containing two neatly chipped flints, both fractured from having been burnt with the body. We have here a double interment, by inhumation and cremation, suggesting a barbarous rite. Within the grave was the skeleton of a young person, lying on the right side, in the same direction as the others. Before the face was a very neatly ornamented vessel of clay, 5½ inches high, inverted upon the smooth side of a large boulder; and a small spear-head of flint. The ornamentation of the vase has been effected in part by a flat-sided pointed instrament, and partly by the thumb nail.

Cansick's Monumental Inscriptions Volume 2 Highgate Cemetery. Highgate Cemetery. Sacred To the Memory of Caroline, the beloved wife of Sir William E. Burnaby (age 34), Bart., who died in London, 17th October, 1857, Aged 40 years.

Also In memory of Emma (deceased) Relict of Capt E. A. G. Burnaby, R.N., Who died March 1st 1859, Aged 65.

On 12 Jan 1884 Robert Nicholas Hamond (age 74) died. On 01 Mar 1893 his wife Sophia Caroline Musters (age 71) died.

On 13 Dec 1869 Anthony Hamond (age 65) died. On 31 Jan 1900 his wife Mary Anne Musters (age 77) died.

On 30 Mar 1895 Anthony Hamond (age 61) died.

Memorials in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map].

The London Gazette 25564. Whitehall, March 1, 1886

The Queen (age 66) has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal granting the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the undermentioned Gentlemen, namely:—

undermentioned Gentlemen, namely:—

William Cunliffe Brooks, of the city of Manchester, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Edward Green, of Wakefield, in the West Riding of the county of York, and of Ken-Hill, in the parish of Snettisham, in the county of Norfolk, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Richard Horner Paget (age 53), of Cranmore Hall, in the parish of East Cranmore, in the county of Somerset, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Archibald Orr Ewing (age 68), of Ballikinrain, in the parish of Killearn, in the county of Stirling, and of Lennoxbank, in the parish of Bonhill, in the county of Dumbarton, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Edward Birkbeck, of Horstead Hall, in the parish of Horstead, in the county of Norfolk, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Francis Cook, of Doughty House, in the parish of Richmond, in the county of Surrey, Esq., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

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01 Mar 1915. Memorial at St Columb's Church, St Columb to Walter Drummond Vyvyan, killed on the 1st March 1915. His parents were Richard Walter Comyn Vyvyan and Mary (née Foster). Walter was educated at Clifton College, Bedford Grammar School and RMC Sandhurst from where he was gazetted, in May 1907, to the King's Shropshire Light Infantry. Initially joining the 1st Battalion at Bordon, he was sent to the 2nd Battalion in India in September 1909, being promoted to Lieutenant in March 1910. After returning to England in November 1914, he was sent to France in December and, while his battalion was at Winchester preparing for front-line service, Walter was attached to the Army Cyclists of the 27th Division where he was to command a platoon of bombers. On the night of 1 March 1915, Walter was with his men at the head of an attack made by another battalion on German trenches near St Eloi (just south of Ypres) when he was killed by machine-gun fire. Owing to this fire it proved impossible to recover his body. For this action, Lt. Vyvyan was mentioned in the Dispatches of Sir John French of 31 May 1915 (with the action receiving a mention in the dispatch of 5 April).

Births on the 1st March

On 01 Mar 1261 Hugh "Elder" Despencer 1st Earl Winchester was born to Hugh Despencer (age 37) and Aline Basset (age 40).

On 01 Mar 1456 Vladislaus II King Hungary was born to Casimir IV King Poland (age 28) and Elisabeth Habsburg Queen Consort Poland (age 18).

On 01 Mar 1577 Frances Waldegrave Countess Portland was born to Nicholas Waldegrave (age 23).

On 01 Mar 1577 Richard Weston 1st Earl of Portland was born to Jerome Weston (age 21).

On 01 Mar 1596 Frederick Wettin was born to Johann Wettin II Duke Saxe Weimar (age 25) and Dorothea Maria Anhalt at Altenburg.

On 01 Mar 1657 Johann Philip Saxe Gotha was born to Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha (age 55) and Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha (age 37) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.17%.

On 01 Mar 1682 John Evelyn 1st Baronet was born to John The Younger Evelyn (age 27) and Martha Spencer (age 23) at Sayes Court, Deptford [Map]. He was baptised on 02 Mar 1682.

On 01 Mar 1716 Mary Finch was born to Heneage Finch 2nd Earl Aylesford (age 33) and Mary Fisher Countess Aylesford (age 26).

On 01 Mar 1748 James Scott was born to Francis Scott (age 27) and Caroline Campbell 1st Baroness Greenwich (age 30). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 01 Mar 1753 Alleyne Fitzherbert 1st Baron St Helens was born to William Fitzherbert (age 41).

On 01 Mar 1785 Edward Bowyer-Smijth 10th Baronet was born to William Smijth 7th Baronet (age 39).

On 01 Mar 1805 Reverend Augustus Fitzclarence was born illegitimately to King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 39) and Dorothea Bland aka "Mrs Jordan" (age 43).

On 01 Mar 1811 George Beresford 2nd Baronet was born to Admiral John Beresford 1st Baronet (age 45) and Mary Molloy.

On 01 Mar 1855 Adolfo Polloni was born.

On 01 Mar 1859 Captain John Ralph Starkey 1st Baronet was born.

On 01 Mar 1887 Maurice Fitzgerald 6th Duke Leinster was born to Gerald Fitzgerald 5th Duke Leinster (age 35) and Hermione Wilhelmina Duncombe Duchess Leinster (age 22) at Kilkea Castle, Castledermot, County Kildare.

On 01 Mar 1890 Thomas Palk Carew 10th Baronet was born to Henry Palk Carew 9th Baronet (age 20).

On 01 Mar 1899 Oliver Baldwin 2nd Earl Baldwin of Bewdley was born to Stanley Baldwin 1st Earl Baldwin (age 31) and Lucy Ridsdale Countess Baldwin (age 29).

On 01 Mar 1926 Hugo Money-Coutts 8th Baron Latymer was born to Thomas Burdett Money-Coutts 7th Baron Latymer (age 24).

Marriages on the 1st March

Before 01 Mar 1312 John Grey 1st Baron Grey (age 11) and Catherine Fitzalan Baroness Grey Rotherfield (age 12) were married. She by marriage Baroness Grey of Rotherfield. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Before 01 Mar 1350 Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford (age 14) and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 16) were married. She the daughter of Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 37) and Katherine Mortimer Countess Warwick (age 36). He the son of Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 48) and Margaret Audley Countess Stafford. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.

On 01 Mar 1555 Adrian Stokes (age 35) and Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk (age 37) were married. She the daughter of Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 01 Mar 1588 Henri Valois I Duke Longueville (age 20) and Catherine Gonzaga Duchess Longueville (age 20) were married. She by marriage Duchess Longueville. He the son of Léonor Valois I Duke Longueville and Marie Bourbon (age 49).

On 01 Mar 1613 William Russell 1st Baronet (age 38) and Elizabeth Smallpage (age 13) were married. The difference in their ages was 25 years.

On 01 Mar 1613 William Russell 1st Baronet (age 38) and Elizabeth Gerard were married.

On 01 Mar 1678 John Aubrey 2nd Baronet (age 28) and Margaret Lowther Lady Aubrey were married.

Before 01 Mar 1756 Edward Blackett 3rd Baronet (age 73) and Mary Jekyll were married. She by marriage Lady Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 01 Mar 1766 John Montagu 5th Earl Sandwich (age 22) and Elizabeth Montague-Dunk were married. She the daughter of George Montagu Dunk 2nd Earl Halifax (age 49). He the son of John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich (age 47) and Dorothy Fane Countess Sandwich (age 48).

On 01 Mar 1794 Armar Lowry-Corry 1st Earl Belmore (age 53) and Mary Anne Caldwell Countess Belmore (age 38) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Belmore of Fermanagh.

On 01 Mar 1841 Henry Tate 1st Baronet (age 21) and Jane Wignall were married.

On 01 Mar 1859 Warren Hastings D'Oyly 10th Baronet (age 20) and Henrietta Mary Halliday Lady D'Oyly (age 22) were married.

On 01 Mar 1879 William Henry Paulett 6th Earl Paulett (age 51) and Rosa Melville Countess Poulett were married. She by marriage Countess Poulett.

On 01 Mar 1934 Rupert Baring 4th Baron Revelstoke (age 23) and Flora Breckinridge Fermor-Hesketh (age 21) were married.

Deaths on the 1st March

On 01 Mar 1233 Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy (age 55) died. His son Amedeo Savoy IV Count Savoy (age 36) succeeded IV Count Savoy.

On 01 Mar 1305 Blanche Capet Duchess Austria (age 27) died.

On 01 Mar 1414 Viridis Visconti Duchess Austria (age 62) died.

On 01 Mar 1534 Henry Brandon (age 11) died at Southwark, Surrey [Map]. Earl Lincoln extinct.

On 01 Mar 1627 John Wynn 1st Baronet (age 74) died. His son Richard Wynn 2nd Baronet (age 39) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wynn of Gwydir.

On or before 01 Mar 1628 Joan Brograve Lady Leventhorpe died. She was buried at Great St Mary's Church, Sawbridgeworth on 01 Mar 1628.

On 01 Mar 1680 John Shaw 1st Baronet (age 65) died. He was buried on 06 Mar 1721 at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham on 06 Mar 1680. His son John Shaw 2nd Baronet (age 20) succeeded 2nd Baronet Shaw of Eltham in Kent.

On 01 Mar 1682 Thomas Herbert 1st Baronet (age 76) died. He was buried at St Crux Church, York. His son Henry Herbert 2nd Baronet (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baronet Herbert of Tintern in Monmouthshire.

On 01 Mar 1688 Thomas Slingsby 2nd Baronet (age 51) died. His son Henry Slingsby 3rd Baronet (age 28) succeeded 3rd Baronet Slingsby Scriven.

On or before 01 Mar 1694, the date she was buried, Mary Aldridge Lady Slingsby died.

On 01 Mar 1705 Bishop James Gardiner (age 68) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 01 Mar 1707 Robert King 1st Baronet (age 82) died. His son John King 2nd Baronet (age 26) succeeded 2nd Baronet King of Boyle Abbot.

On 01 Mar 1756 Edward Blackett 3rd Baronet (age 73) died without issue. His nephew Edward Blackett 4th Baronet (age 36) succeeded 4th Baronet Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 01 Mar 1778 John Elwill 4th Baronet died without male issue. Baronet Elwill of Exeter extinct.

On 01 Mar 1865 John Horsley Beresford 2nd Baron Decies (age 91) died. His son William Horsley-Beresford 3rd Baron Decies (age 53) succeeded 3rd Baron Decies of Decies in Waterford. Catherine Anne Dent Baroness Decies (age 25) by marriage Baroness Decies of Decies in Waterford.

On 01 Mar 1868 George Byron 7th Baron Byron (age 78) died. His son George Byron 8th Baron Byron (age 49) succeeded 8th Baron Byron of Rochdale in Lancashire.

On 01 Mar 1930 Giuseppe Calì (age 83) died.

On 01 Mar 1973 George Poulett 8th Earl Poulett (age 63) died. Earl Poulett and Baron Poulett extinct.